54th United States Congress

54th United States Congress
	53rd ← → 55th
	United States Capitol (1906)
March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897
Senate President	Adlai E. Stevenson (D)
Senate President pro tem	William P. Frye (R)
House Speaker	Thomas B. Reed (R)
Members	90 senators; 357 members of the House; 4 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican (plurality)
House Majority	Republican
Sessions
	1st: December 2, 1895 – June 11, 1896; 2nd: December 7, 1896 – March 3, 1897

The 54th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1895, to March 4, 1897, during the last two years of Grover Cleveland's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Eleventh Census of the United States in 1890. The House had a Republican majority, and the Republicans were the largest party in the Senate.

Major events

Major legislation

May 21, 1896: Oil Pipe Line Act, ch. 212, 29 Stat. 127 (43 U.S.C. § 962 et seq.)
May 22, 1896: Condemned Cannon Act, 29 Stat. 133
May 28, 1896: United States Commissioners Act, 29 Stat. 184
June 1, 1896: Married Women's Rights Act (District of Columbia), 29 Stat. 193
June 6, 1896: Filled Cheese Act, 29 Stat. 253
January 13, 1897: Stock Reservoir Act, 29 Stat. 484, (43 U.S.C. § 952 et seq.)
March 2, 1897: Tea Importation Act, 29 Stat. 604, (21 U.S.C. § 41 et seq.)

States admitted

January 4, 1896: Utah was admitted the 45th state.

Party summary

Senate composition, by party:

Democratic

Republican

One Democratic, one Republican

Populist

Silver

This count identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

	Party (shading shows control)					Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Populist (P)	Republican (R)	Silver Republican (SR)	Silver (S)
End of previous congress	43	3	41	0	1	88	0

Begin	39	4	42	0	2	87	1
End	40	4	44	0	2	90	0
Final voting share	44.4%	4.4%	48.9%	0.0%	2.2%

Beginning of next congress	33	5	43	5	2	88	2

House of Representatives

	Party (shading shows control)					Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Populist (P)	Republican (R)	Silver (S)	Other (O)
End of previous congress	214	11	123	1	1	350	6

Begin	104	7	240	1	0	352	4
End	94	9	252	1	0	356	1
Final voting share	26.4%	2.5%	70.8%	0.3%	0.0%

Beginning of next congress	126	22	202	1	4[lower-alpha 1]	355	2

Leadership

President of the Senate
Adlai E. Stevenson

Speaker of the House
Thomas B. Reed

Senate

President: Adlai E. Stevenson (D)
President pro tempore: William P. Frye (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

Republican Conference Chairman: John Sherman

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1898; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1900; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1896.

Alabama

2. John T. Morgan (D)
3. James L. Pugh (D)

Arkansas

2. James H. Berry (D)
3. James K. Jones (D)

California

1. Stephen M. White (D)
3. George C. Perkins (R)

Colorado

2. Edward O. Wolcott (R)
3. Henry M. Teller (R)

Connecticut

1. Joseph R. Hawley (R)
3. Orville H. Platt (R)

Delaware

1. George Gray (D)
2. Richard R. Kenney (D), from January 19, 1897

Florida

1. Samuel Pasco (D)
3. Wilkinson Call (D)

Georgia

2. Augustus O. Bacon (D)
3. John B. Gordon (D)

Idaho

2. George L. Shoup (R)
3. Fred T. Dubois (R)

Illinois

2. Shelby M. Cullom (R)
3. John McAuley Palmer (D)

Indiana

1. David Turpie (D)
3. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)

Iowa

2. John H. Gear (R)
3. William B. Allison (R)

Kansas

2. Lucien Baker (R)
3. William A. Peffer (P)

Kentucky

2. William Lindsay (D)
3. Joseph C. S. Blackburn (D)

Louisiana

2. Donelson Caffery (D)
3. Newton C. Blanchard (D)

Maine

1. Eugene Hale (R)
2. William P. Frye (R)

Maryland

1. Arthur Pue Gorman (D)
3. Charles H. Gibson (D)

Massachusetts

1. Henry Cabot Lodge (R)
2. George F. Hoar (R)

Michigan

1. Julius C. Burrows (R)
2. James McMillan (R)

Minnesota

1. Cushman K. Davis (R)
2. Knute Nelson (R)

Mississippi

1. James Z. George (D)
2. Edward C. Walthall (D)

Missouri

1. Francis M. Cockrell (D)
3. George G. Vest (D)

Montana

1. Lee Mantle (R)
2. Thomas H. Carter (R)

Nebraska

1. William V. Allen (P)
2. John M. Thurston (R)

Nevada

1. William M. Stewart (S)
3. John P. Jones (S)

New Hampshire

2. William E. Chandler (R)
3. Jacob H. Gallinger (R)

New Jersey

1. James Smith, Jr. (D)
2. William J. Sewell (R)

New York

1. Edward Murphy, Jr. (D)
3. David B. Hill (D)

North Carolina

2. Marion Butler (P)
3. Jeter C. Pritchard (R)

North Dakota

1. William N. Roach (D)
3. Henry C. Hansbrough (R)

Ohio

1. John Sherman (R)
3. Calvin S. Brice (D)

Oregon

2. George W. McBride (R)
3. John H. Mitchell (R)

Pennsylvania

1. Matthew S. Quay (R)
3. J. Donald Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

1. Nelson W. Aldrich (R)
2. George P. Wetmore (R)

South Carolina

2. Benjamin R. Tillman (D)
3. John L. M. Irby (D)

South Dakota

2. Richard F. Pettigrew (R)
3. James H. Kyle (P)

Tennessee

1. William B. Bate (D)
2. Isham G. Harris (D)

Texas

1. Roger Q. Mills (D)
2. Horace Chilton (D)

Utah

1. Frank J. Cannon (R), from January 22, 1896
3. Arthur Brown (R), from January 22, 1896

Vermont

1. Redfield Proctor (R)
3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

1. John W. Daniel (D)
2. Thomas S. Martin (D)

Washington

1. John L. Wilson (R)
3. Watson C. Squire (R)

West Virginia

1. Charles J. Faulkner (D)
2. Stephen B. Elkins (R)

Wisconsin

1. John L. Mitchell (D)
3. William F. Vilas (D)

Wyoming

1. Clarence D. Clark (R)
2. Francis E. Warren (R)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

1. Richard H. Clarke (D)
2. Jesse F. Stallings (D)
3. George P. Harrison (D)
4. Gaston A. Robbins (D), until March 13, 1896
- William F. Aldrich (R), from March 13, 1896
5. James E. Cobb (D), until April 21, 1896
- Albert T. Goodwyn (P), from April 22, 1896
6. John H. Bankhead (D)
7. Milford W. Howard (P)
8. Joseph Wheeler (D)
9. Oscar Underwood (D), until June 9, 1896
- Truman H. Aldrich (R), from June 9, 1896

Arkansas

1. Philip D. McCulloch, Jr. (D)
2. John S. Little (D)
3. Thomas C. McRae (D)
4. William L. Terry (D)
5. Hugh A. Dinsmore (D)
6. Robert Neill (D)

California

Colorado

1. John F. Shafroth (R)
2. John C. Bell (P)

Connecticut

Delaware

At-large. Jonathan S. Willis (R)

Florida

1. Stephen M. Sparkman (D)
2. Charles M. Cooper (D)

Georgia

1. Rufus E. Lester (D)
2. Benjamin E. Russell (D)
3. Charles F. Crisp (D), until October 23, 1896
- Charles R. Crisp (D), from December 19, 1896
4. Charles L. Moses (D)
5. Leonidas F. Livingston (D)
6. Charles L. Bartlett (D)
7. John W. Maddox (D)
8. Thomas G. Lawson (D)
9. Farish C. Tate (D)
10. James C. C. Black (D), until March 4, 1895
- James C. C. Black (D), from October 2, 1895
11. Henry G. Turner (D)

Idaho

At-large. Edgar Wilson (R)

Illinois

1. J. Frank Aldrich (R)
2. William Lorimer (R)
3. Lawrence E. McGann (D), until December 27, 1895
- Hugh R. Belknap (R), from December 27, 1895
4. Charles W. Woodman (R)
5. George E. White (R)
6. Edward D. Cooke (R)
7. George E. Foss (R)
8. Albert J. Hopkins (R)
9. Robert R. Hitt (R)
10. George W. Prince (R), from December 2, 1895
11. Walter Reeves (R)
12. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
13. Vespasian Warner (R)
14. Joseph V. Graff (R)
15. Benjamin F. Marsh (R)
16. Finis E. Downing (D), until June 5, 1896
- John I. Rinaker (R), from June 5, 1896
17. James A. Connolly (R)
18. Frederick Remann (R), until July 14, 1895
- William F. L. Hadley (R), from December 2, 1895
19. Benson Wood (R)
20. Orlando Burrell (R)
21. Everett J. Murphy (R)
22. George Washington Smith (R)

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

1. John K. Hendrick (D)
2. John D. Clardy (D)
3. W. Godfrey Hunter (R)
4. John W. Lewis (R)
5. Walter Evans (R)
6. Albert S. Berry (D)
7. William C. Owens (D)
8. James B. McCreary (D)
9. Samuel J. Pugh (R)
10. Joseph M. Kendall (D), until February 18, 1897
- Nathan T. Hopkins (R), from February 18, 1897
11. David G. Colson (R)

Louisiana

1. Adolph Meyer (D)
2. Charles F. Buck (D)
3. Andrew Price (D)
4. Henry W. Ogden (D)
5. Charles J. Boatner (D), until March 20, 1896
- Charles J. Boatner (D), from June 10, 1896
6. Samuel M. Robertson (D)

Maine

1. Thomas B. Reed (R)
2. Nelson Dingley, Jr. (R)
3. Seth L. Milliken (R)
4. Charles A. Boutelle (R)

Maryland

1. Joshua W. Miles (D)
2. William B. Baker (R)
3. Henry W. Rusk (D)
4. John K. Cowen (D)
5. Charles E. Coffin (R)
6. George L. Wellington (R)

Massachusetts

1. Ashley B. Wright (R)
2. Frederick H. Gillett (R)
3. Joseph H. Walker (R)
4. Lewis D. Apsley (R)
5. William S. Knox (R)
6. William Cogswell (R), until May 22, 1895
- William H. Moody (R), from November 5, 1895
7. William E. Barrett (R)
8. Samuel W. McCall (R)
9. John F. Fitzgerald (D)
10. Harrison H. Atwood (R)
11. William F. Draper (R)
12. Elijah A. Morse (R)
13. John Simpkins (R)

Michigan

1. John B. Corliss (R)
2. George Spalding (R)
3. Alfred Milnes (R), from December 2, 1895
4. Henry F. Thomas (R)
5. William Alden Smith (R)
6. David D. Aitken (R)
7. Horace G. Snover (R)
8. William S. Linton (R)
9. Roswell P. Bishop (R)
10. Rousseau O. Crump (R)
11. John Avery (R)
12. Samuel M. Stephenson (R)

Minnesota

Mississippi

1. John M. Allen (D)
2. John C. Kyle (D)
3. Thomas C. Catchings (D)
4. Hernando Money (D)
5. John Sharp Williams (D)
6. Walter McKennon Denny (D)
7. James G. Spencer (D)

Missouri

1. Charles N. Clark (R)
2. Uriel S. Hall (D)
3. Alexander M. Dockery (D)
4. George C. Crowther (R)
5. John C. Tarsney (D), until February 27, 1896
- Robert T. Van Horn (R), from February 27, 1896
6. David A. De Armond (D)
7. John P. Tracey (R)
8. Joel D. Hubbard (R)
9. William M. Treloar (R)
10. Richard Bartholdt (R)
11. Charles F. Joy (R)
12. Seth W. Cobb (D)
13. John H. Raney (R)
14. Norman A. Mozley (R)
15. Charles G. Burton (R)

Montana

At-large. Charles S. Hartman (R)

Nebraska

Nevada

At-large. Francis G. Newlands (S)

New Hampshire

1. Cyrus A. Sulloway (R)
2. Henry M. Baker (R)

New Jersey

1. Henry C. Loudenslager (R)
2. John J. Gardner (R)
3. Benjamin F. Howell (R)
4. Mahlon Pitney (R)
5. James F. Stewart (R)
6. Richard Wayne Parker (R)
7. Thomas McEwan, Jr. (R)
8. Charles N. Fowler (R)

New York

1. Richard Cunningham McCormick (R)
2. Denis M. Hurley (R)
3. Francis H. Wilson (R)
4. Israel F. Fischer (R)
5. Charles G. Bennett (R)
6. James R. Howe (R)
7. Franklin Bartlett (D)
8. James J. Walsh (D), until June 2, 1896
- John M. Mitchell (R), from June 2, 1896
9. Henry C. Miner (D)
10. Amos J. Cummings (D) from November 5, 1895
11. William Sulzer (D)
12. George B. McClellan Jr. (D)
13. Richard C. Shannon (R)
14. Lemuel E. Quigg (R)
15. Philip B. Low (R)
16. Benjamin L. Fairchild (R)
17. Benjamin Odell (R)
18. Jacob LeFever (R)
19. Frank S. Black (R), until January 7, 1897
20. George N. Southwick (R)
21. David F. Wilber (R)
22. Newton Martin Curtis (R)
23. Wallace T. Foote Jr. (R)
24. Charles A. Chickering (R)
25. James S. Sherman (R)
26. George W. Ray (R)
27. Theodore L. Poole (R)
28. Sereno E. Payne (R)
29. Charles W. Gillet (R)
30. James Wolcott Wadsworth (R)
31. Henry C. Brewster (R)
32. Rowland B. Mahany (R)
33. Charles Daniels (R)
34. Warren B. Hooker (R)

North Carolina

1. Harry Skinner (P)
2. Frederick A. Woodard (D)
3. John G. Shaw (D)
4. William F. Strowd (P)
5. Thomas Settle, III (R)
6. James A. Lockhart (D), until June 5, 1896
- Charles H. Martin (P), from June 5, 1896
7. Alonzo C. Shuford (P)
8. Romulus Z. Linney (R)
9. Richmond Pearson (R)

North Dakota

At-large. Martin N. Johnson (R)

Ohio

Oregon

1. Binger Hermann (R)
2. William R. Ellis (R)

Pennsylvania

1. Henry H. Bingham (R)
2. Robert Adams, Jr. (R)
3. Frederick Halterman (R)
4. John E. Reyburn (R)
5. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
6. John B. Robinson (R)
7. Irving P. Wanger (R)
8. Joseph J. Hart (D)
9. Constantine J. Erdman (D)
10. Marriott Brosius (R)
11. Joseph A. Scranton (R)
12. John Leisenring (R)
13. Charles N. Brumm (R)
14. Ephraim M. Woomer (R)
15. James H. Codding (R), from November 5, 1895
16. Fred C. Leonard (R)
17. Monroe H. Kulp (R)
18. Thaddeus M. Mahon (R)
19. James A. Stahle (R)
20. Josiah D. Hicks (R)
21. Daniel B. Heiner (R)
22. John Dalzell (R)
23. William A. Stone (R)
24. Ernest F. Acheson (R)
25. Thomas W. Phillips (R)
26. Matthew Griswold (R)
27. Charles W. Stone (R)
28. William C. Arnold (R)
At-large. Galusha A. Grow (R)
At-large. George F. Huff (R)

Rhode Island

1. Melville Bull (R)
2. Warren O. Arnold (R)

South Carolina

1. William Elliott (D), until June 4, 1896
- George W. Murray (R), from June 4, 1896
2. William J. Talbert (D)
3. Asbury C. Latimer (D)
4. Stanyarne Wilson (D)
5. Thomas J. Strait (D)
6. John L. McLaurin (D)
7. J. William Stokes (D), until June 1, 1896
- J. William Stokes (D), from November 3, 1896

South Dakota

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
(2 Republicans)

At-large. Robert J. Gamble (R)
At-large. John Pickler (R)

Tennessee

Texas

1. Joseph C. Hutcheson (D)
2. Samuel B. Cooper (D)
3. Charles H. Yoakum (D)
4. David B. Culberson (D)
5. Joseph W. Bailey (D)
6. Joseph Abbott (D)
7. George C. Pendleton (D)
8. Charles K. Bell (D)
9. Joseph D. Sayers (D)
10. Miles Crowley (D)
11. William H. Crain (D), until February 10, 1896
- Rudolph Kleberg (D), from April 7, 1896
12. George H. Noonan (R)
13. Jeremiah V. Cockrell (D)

Utah

At-large. Clarence E. Allen (R), from January 4, 1896

Vermont

1. H. Henry Powers (R)
2. William W. Grout (R)

Virginia

1. William A. Jones (D)
2. D. Gardiner Tyler (D)
3. Tazewell Ellett (D)
4. William R. McKenney (D), until May 2, 1896
- Robert T. Thorp (R), from May 2, 1896
5. Claude A. Swanson (D)
6. Peter J. Otey (D)
7. Smith S. Turner (D)
8. Elisha E. Meredith (D)
9. James A. Walker (R)
10. Henry St. George Tucker III (D)

Washington

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
(2 Republicans)

At-large. William H. Doolittle (R)
At-large. Samuel C. Hyde (R)

West Virginia

1. Blackburn B. Dovener (R)
2. Alston G. Dayton (R)
3. James H. Huling (R)
4. Warren Miller (R)

Wisconsin

Wyoming

At-large. Franklin W. Mondell (R)

Non-voting members

Arizona Territory. Nathan O. Murphy (R)
New Mexico Territory. Thomas B. Catron (R)
Oklahoma Territory. Dennis T. Flynn (R)
Utah Territory. Frank J. Cannon (R), until January 4, 1896

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+% to 100% Democratic	80+% to 100% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic	60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

Two seats were added when Utah was admitted and one seat was filled late.

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for Vacancy	Subsequent	Date of successor's installation
Utah (1)	New seat	State was admitted to the Union	Frank J. Cannon (R)	January 22, 1896
Utah (3)	New seat	State was admitted to the Union	Arthur Brown (R)	January 22, 1896
Delaware (2)	Vacant	Legislature had failed to elect. A successor was eventually elected	Richard R. Kenney (D)	January 19, 1897

House of Representatives

There were 4 deaths, 2 resignations, 13 election challenges, 1 new seat, and 4 seats vacant from the previous Congress. Democrats had a 10-seat net loss; Republicans had a 12-seat net gain; and Populists had a 2-seat net gain.

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date successor seated
New York 10	Vacant	Representative-elect Andrew J. Campbell died before the start of Congress. New member elected November 5, 1895.	Amos J. Cummings (D)	November 5, 1895
Illinois 10	Vacant	Philip S. Post (R) was re-elected, but died before this Congress. New member elected December 2, 1895.	George W. Prince (R)	December 2, 1895
Michigan 3	Vacant	Julius C. Burrows (R) was re-elected, but resigned in the previous Congress to serve in the Senate. New member elected December 2, 1895.	Alfred Milnes (R)	December 2, 1895
Pennsylvania 15	Vacant	Rep-elect Myron B. Wright died in office. New member elected November 5, 1895.	James H. Codding (R)	November 5, 1895
Utah Territory at-large	Frank J. Cannon (R)	Seat eliminated January 4, 1896 upon statehood.	Seat eliminated
Utah at-large	New seat	State was admitted to the Union. New member elected November 5, 1895.	Clarence E. Allen (R)	January 4, 1896
Georgia 10	James C. C. Black (D)	Resigned March 4, 1895. Incumbent was subsequently re-elected October 2, 1895.	James C. C. Black (D)	October 2, 1895
Massachusetts 6	William Cogswell (R)	Died May 22, 1895. New member elected November 5, 1895.	William H. Moody (R)	November 5, 1895
Illinois 18	Frederick Remann (R)	Died July 14, 1895. New member elected December 2, 1895.	William F. L. Hadley (R)	December 2, 1895
Illinois 3	Lawrence E. McGann (D)	Election was successfully challenged December 27, 1895.	Hugh R. Belknap (R)	December 27, 1895
Texas 11	William H. Crain (D)	Died February 10, 1896. New member elected April 7, 1896.	Rudolph Kleberg (D)	April 7, 1896
Missouri 5	John C. Tarsney (D)	Election was successfully challenged February 27, 1896.	Robert T. Van Horn (R)	February 27, 1896
Alabama 4	Gaston A. Robbins (D)	Election was successfully challenged March 13, 1896.	William F. Aldrich (R)	March 13, 1896
Virginia 4	William R. McKenney (D)	Election was successfully challenged May 2, 1896.	Robert T. Thorp (R)	May 2, 1896
Louisiana 5	Charles J. Boatner (D)	Election was challenged and declared vacant March 20, 1896. Incumbent was subsequently elected June 10, 1896.	Charles J. Boatner (D)	June 10, 1896
Alabama 5	James E. Cobb (D)	Election was successfully challenged April 21, 1896.	Albert T. Goodwyn (P)	April 22, 1896
South Carolina 7	J. William Stokes (D)	Seat declared vacant June 1, 1896. Incumbent was subsequently elected November 3, 1896.	J. William Stokes (D)	November 3, 1896
New York 8	James J. Walsh (D)	Election was successfully challenged June 2, 1896.	John M. Mitchell (R)	June 2, 1896
South Carolina 1	William Elliott (D)	Election was successfully challenged June 4, 1896.	George W. Murray (R)	June 4, 1896
Illinois 16	Finis E. Downing (D)	Election was successfully challenged June 5, 1896.	John I. Rinaker (R)	June 5, 1896
North Carolina 6	James A. Lockhart (D)	Election was successfully challenged June 5, 1896.	Charles H. Martin (P)	June 5, 1896
Alabama 9	Oscar W. Underwood (D)	Election was successfully challenged June 9, 1896.	Truman H. Aldrich (R)	June 9, 1896
Georgia 3	Charles F. Crisp (D)	Died October 23, 1896. New member elected December 19, 1896.	Charles R. Crisp (D)	December 19, 1896
New York 19	Frank S. Black (R)	Resigned January 7, 1897.	Vacant until next Congress
Kentucky 10	Joseph M. Kendall (D)	Election was successfully challenged February 18, 1897.	Nathan T. Hopkins (R)	February 18, 1897

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select) (Chairman: Daniel W. Voorhees; Ranking Member: Shelby M. Cullom)
Agriculture and Forestry (Chairman: Redfield Proctor; Ranking Member: James Z. George)
Appropriations (Chairman: William B. Allison; Ranking Member: Francis M. Cockrell)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: John P. Jones; Ranking Member: James K. Jones)
Canadian Relations (Chairman: Thomas H. Carter; Ranking Member: Edward Murphy, Jr.)
Census (Chairman: William E. Chandler; Ranking Member: David Turpie)
Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: Jeter C. Pritchard; Ranking Member: John B. Gordon)
Claims (Chairman: Watson C. Squire; Ranking Member: Samuel Pasco)
Coast Defenses (Chairman: Watson C. Squire; Ranking Member: John B. Gordon)
Commerce (Chairman: William P. Frye; Ranking Member: George G. Vest)
Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia (Chairman: James K. Jones; Ranking Member: Isham G. Harris)
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
District of Columbia (Chairman: James McMillan; Ranking Member: Isham G. Harris)
Education and Labor (Chairman: George L. Shoup; Ranking Member: James Z. George)
Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Francis M. Cockrell; Ranking Member: Lucien Baker)
Enrolled Bills (Chairman: William J. Sewell; Ranking Member: Donelson Caffery)
Epidemic Diseases (Chairman: George G. Vest; Ranking Member: Jacob H. Gallinger)
Establish a University in the United States (Select)
Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Chairman: James H. Kyle; Ranking Member: George Gray)
Finance (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: Daniel W. Voorhees)
Fisheries (Chairman: George C. Perkins; Ranking Member: Wilkinson Call)
Five Civilized Tribes of Indians (Select) (Chairman: George Gray; Ranking Member: Orville H. Platt)
Foreign Relations (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: John Tyler Morgan)
Forest Reservations (Select) (Chairman: William V. Allen)
Geological Survey (Select) (Chairman: Stephen B. Elkins; Ranking Member: Edward C. Walthall)
Immigration (Chairman: Henry Cabot Lodge; Ranking Member: David B. Hill)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: Richard F. Pettigrew; Ranking Member: William V. Allen)
Indian Depredations (Chairman: John L. Wilson; Ranking Member: William Lindsay)
International Expositions (Select) (Chairman: John M. Thurston; Ranking Member: George G. Vest)
Interstate Commerce (Chairman: Shelby M. Cullom; Ranking Member: Arthur P. Gorman)
Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands (Chairman: Francis E. Warren; Ranking Member: Stephen M. White)
Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Hoar; Ranking Member: James L. Pugh)
Library (Chairman: Henry C. Hansbrough; Ranking Member: Daniel W. Voorhees)
Manufactures (Chairman: George P. Wetmore; Ranking Member: Charles H. Gibson)
Military Affairs (Chairman: Joseph R. Hawley; Ranking Member: William B. Bate)
Mines and Mining (Chairman: William M. Stewart; Ranking Member: William B. Bate)
Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select) (Chairman: Knute Nelson)
National Banks (Select) (Chairman: Lee Mantle; Ranking Member: John L. Mitchell)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: J. Donald Cameron; Ranking Member: Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn)
Nicaragua Canal (Select) (Chairman: John Tyler Morgan; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
Organization, Conduct and Expenditures of the Executive Departments (Chairman: Marion Butler; Ranking Member: James Smith, Jr.)
Pacific Railroads (Chairman: John H. Gear; Ranking Member: Calvin S. Brice)
Patents (Chairman: Orville H. Platt; Ranking Member: Wilkinson Call)
Pensions (Chairman: Jacob H. Gallinger; Ranking Member: John M. Palmer)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Edward O. Wolcott; Ranking Member: Marion Butler)
Potomac River Front (Select) (Chairman: James Z. George; Ranking Member: William P. Frye)
Printing (Chairman: Eugene Hale; Ranking Member: Arthur P. Gorman)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: Isham G. Harris; Ranking Member: Eugene Hale)
Privileges and Elections (Chairman: John H. Mitchell; Ranking Member: George Gray)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Matthew S. Quay; Ranking Member: George G. Vest)
Public Health and National Quarantine (Chairman: George S. Vest)
Public Lands (Chairman: Fred T. Dubois; Ranking Member: William V. Allen)
Railroads (Chairman: Clarence D. Clark; Ranking Member: James H. Berry)
Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Julius C. Burrows; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: James L. Pugh; Ranking Member: J. Donald Cameron)
Rules (Chairman: Nelson W. Aldrich; Ranking Member: Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn)
Tariff Regulation (Select)
Tennessee Centennial Exposition (Select)
Territories (Chairman: Cushman K. Davis; Ranking Member: David B. Hill)
Transportation and Sale of Meat Products (Select) (Chairman: Joseph C.S. Blackburn; Ranking Member: George P. Wetmore)
Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Chairman: George W. McBride; Ranking Member: John L. M. Irby)
Trespassers upon Indian Lands (Select) (Chairman: Lucien Baker; Ranking Member: William N. Roach)
Whole
Woman Suffrage (Chairman: Wilkinson Call; Ranking Member: Matthew S. Quay) (Select)

House of Representatives

Accounts (Chairman: J. Frank Aldrich; Ranking Member: Melville Bull)
Agriculture (Chairman: James W. Wadsworth; Ranking Member: Horace G. Snover)
Alcoholic Liquor Traffic (Chairman: Elijah A. Morse; Ranking Member: Jonathan S. Willis)
Appropriations (Chairman: Joseph G. Cannon; Ranking Member: James A. Hemenway)
Banking and Currency (Chairman: Joseph H. Walker; Ranking Member: Ebenezer J. Hill)
Claims (Chairman: Charles N. Brumm; Ranking Member: David G. Colson)
Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Charles W. Stone; Ranking Member: Benjamin L. Fairchild)
Disposition of Executive Papers
District of Columbia (Chairman: Joseph W. Babcock; Ranking Member: George L. Wellington)
Education (Chairman: Galusha A. Grow; Ranking Member: David A. De Armond)
Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress (Chairman: Newton Martin Curtis; Ranking Member: John B. Corliss)
Elections No.#1 (Chairman: Charles Daniels; Ranking Member: Romulus Z. Linney)
Elections No.#2 (Chairman: Henry U. Johnson; Ranking Member: Chester I. Long)
Elections No.#3 (Chairman: Samuel W. McCall; Ranking Member: James H. Codding)
Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Alva L. Hager; Ranking Member: Benjamin E. Russell)
Expenditures in the Agriculture Department (Chairman: Charles W. Gillet; Ranking Member: Uriel S. Hall)
Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Charles Curtis; Ranking Member: William Sulzer)
Expenditures in the Justice Department(Chairman: William R. Ellis; Ranking Member: Henry Gray Turner)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Henry F. Thomas; Ranking Member: Smith S. Turner)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Henry H. Bingham; Ranking Member: Henry W. Ogden)
Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Lemuel E. Quigg; Ranking Member: Rufus E. Lester)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Charles H. Grosvenor; Ranking Member: J. William Stokes)
Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William W. Grout; Ranking Member: Jeremiah V. Cockrell)
Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Thomas Settle; Ranking Member: Oscar W. Underwood)
Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Robert R. Hitt; Ranking Member: Richmond Pearson)
Immigration and Naturalization (Chairman: Richard Bartholdt; Ranking Member: Rowland B. Mahany)
Irrigation of Arid Lands (Chairman: Binger Hermann; Ranking Member: Samuel C. Hyde)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: James S. Sherman; Ranking Member: George E. White)
Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chairman: William P. Hepburn; Ranking Member: John B. Corliss)
Invalid Pensions (Chairman: John A. Pickler; Ranking Member: William E. Andrews)
Judiciary (Chairman: David B. Henderson; Ranking Member: Foster V. Brown)
Labor (Chairman: Thomas W. Phillips; Ranking Member: Paul J. Sorg)
Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River (Chairman: George W. Ray; Ranking Member: W. Godfrey Hunter)
Library (Chairman: Alfred C. Harmer; Ranking Member: Amos J. Cummings)
Manufactures (Chairman: Lewis D. Apsley; Ranking Member: Monroe H. Kulp)
Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chairman: Sereno E. Payne; Ranking Member: Edward S. Minor)
Mileage (Chairman: Ashley B. Wright; Ranking Member: George C. Pendleton)
Military Affairs (Chairman: John A.T. Hull; Ranking Member: Lucien J. Fenton)
Militia (Chairman: Benjamin F. Marsh; Ranking Member: Richard W. Parker)
Mines and Mining (Chairman: David D. Aitken; Ranking Member: Frank M. Eddy)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: Charles A. Boutelle; Ranking Member: Alston G. Dayton)
Pacific Railroads (Chairman: H. Henry Powers; Ranking Member: George W. Faris)
Patents (Chairman: William F. Draper; Ranking Member: Winfield S. Kerr)
Pensions (Chairman: Henry C. Loudenslager; Ranking Member: Alexander M. Hardy)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Eugene F. Loud; Ranking Member: Orrin L. Miller)
Printing (Chairman: George D. Perkins; Ranking Member: James D. Richardson)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: George W. Smith; Ranking Member: Benjamin F. Howell)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Seth L. Milliken; Ranking Member: Samuel C. Hyde)
Public Lands (Chairman: John F. Lacey; Ranking Member: John F. Shafroth)
Railways and Canals (Chairman: Charles A. Chickering; Ranking Member: Thomas McEwan, Jr.)
Reform in the Civil Service (Chairman: Marriott Brosius; Ranking Member: James McLachlan)
Revision of Laws (Chairman: William W. Bowers; Ranking Member: Theobald Otjen)
Rivers and Harbors (Chairman: Warren B. Hooker; Ranking Member: Blackburn B. Dovener)
Rules (Chairman: Thomas B. Reed; Ranking Member: Charles F. Crisp)
Standards of Official Conduct
Territories (Chairman: Joseph A. Scranton; Ranking Member: Philip B. Low)
Ventilation and Acoustics (Chairman: William S. Linton; Ranking Member: Harry Skinner)
War Claims (Chairman: Thaddeus M. Mahon; Ranking Member: Samuel Pugh)
Ways and Means (Chairman: Nelson Dingley; Ranking Member: Walter Evans)
Whole

Joint committees

Alcohol in the Arts (Select)
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
Investigate Charities and Reformatory Institutions in the District of Columbia
The Library
Printing
Ford's Theater Disaster

Caucuses

Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
Public Printer of the United States: Thomas E. Benedict

Senate

Chaplain: William H. Millburn (Methodist)
Secretary: William Ruffin Cox
Librarian: Alonzo M. Church
Sergeant at Arms: Richard J. Bright

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Edward P. Bagby (Disciples of Christ), until December 2, 1895
- Henry N. Couden (Universalist), elected December 2, 1895
Clerk: James Kerr, until December 2, 1895
- Alexander McDowell, from December 2, 1895
Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: Asher C. Hinds
Doorkeeper: William J. Glenn, elected December 2, 1895
Postmaster: Joseph C. McElroy, elected December 2, 1895
Reading Clerks: E.L. Sampson (D) and R.S. Hatcher (R)
Sergeant at Arms: Herman W. Snow, until December 2, 1895
- Benjamin F. Russell, from December 2, 1895

gollark: You'd need a way to somehow be able to have some of the profit from new fundamental stuff go back to its original investors.

gollark: Probably some kind of long-term research investment things?

gollark: I think with better coordinating/financial structures in place we could probably have better encouragement to do fundamental stuff.

gollark: And the government funding means we still get that, so it seems fine.

gollark: Intel and TSMC and whoever else are producing new semiconductor manufacturing processes, tech companies frequently work on new somewhat crazy ideas, pharmaceuticals companies do drug discovery.

References

Silver Republican & Independent

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

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[1] Silver Republican & Independent

54th United States Congress

Major events

Major legislation

States admitted

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Senate

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

House of Representatives

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

Senate

House of Representatives

Committees

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

External links