11th United States Congress

The 11th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1811, during the first two years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

11th United States Congress
10th ←
→ 12th
March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1811
Senate PresidentGeorge Clinton (DR)
Senate President pro temJohn Milledge (DR)
Andrew Gregg (DR)
John Gaillard (DR)
John Pope (DR)
House SpeakerJoseph Bradley Varnum (DR)
Members34 senators
142 members of the House
3 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityDemocratic-Republican
House MajorityDemocratic-Republican
Sessions
Special: March 4, 1809 – March 7, 1809
1st: May 22, 1809 – June 28, 1809
2nd: November 27, 1809 – May 1, 1810
3rd: December 3, 1810 – March 3, 1811

Major events
Main articles: 1809 in the United States, 1810 in the United States, and 1811 in the United States

Major legislation
Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 11th United States Congress

Constitutional amendments
See also: List of proposed amendments to the United States Constitution
  • May 1, 1810: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would strip United States citizenship from any citizen who accepted a title of nobility from a foreign country, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification 2 Stat. 613

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican
(DR)		 Federalist
(F)
End of previous congress 28 6 34 0
Begin 26 7 33 1
End 8 340
Final voting share 76.5% 23.5%
Beginning of next congress 28 6 34 0

House of Representatives
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican
(DR)		 Federalist
(F)
End of previous congress 115 27 142 0
Begin 93 49 142 0
End 48 1411
Final voting share 66.0% 34.0%
Beginning of next congress 106 36 142 0

Leadership
President of the Senate George Clinton (as painted in 1814)

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1814; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1810; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1812.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their districts.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

There were 8 resignations, 2 deaths, 1 interim appointment, and 1 vacancy from before this Congress.


See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
State
(class)		 Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
Ohio
(3)		 Vacant Edward Tiffin (DR) resigned at the end of the previous Congress.
Successor was appointed to continue the term.		 Stanley Griswold (DR) Seated May 18, 1809
New Jersey
(2)		 Aaron Kitchell (DR) Resigned March 12, 1809.
Successor was appointed to continue the term and subsequently elected to finish the term.		 John Condit (DR) Seated March 21, 1809
Tennessee
(2)		 Daniel Smith (DR) Resigned March 31, 1809.
Successor was elected April 11, 1809 to finish the term.		 Jenkin Whiteside (DR) Seated April 11, 1809
Rhode Island
(1)		 Francis Malbone (F) Died June 4, 1809.
Successor was elected to finish the term.		 Christopher G. Champlin (F) Seated June 26, 1809
Delaware
(1)		 Samuel White (F) Died November 4, 1809.
Successor was appointed to continue the term and subsequently elected to finish the term.		 Outerbridge Horsey (F) Seated January 12, 1810
Georgia
(3)		 John Milledge (DR) Resigned November 14, 1809.
Successor was elected to finish the term.		 Charles Tait (DR) Seated November 27, 1809
Ohio
(3)		 Stanley Griswold (DR) Appointee was not elected to finish the term.
Successor elected December 11, 1809.		 Alexander Campbell (DR) Seated December 11, 1809
Kentucky
(2)		 Buckner Thruston (DR) Appointed judge of the US District Court of the District of Columbia December 18, 1809 Henry Clay (DR) Seated November 4, 1810
New Hampshire
(3)		 Nahum Parker (DR) Resigned June 1, 1810 Charles Cutts (F) Seated June 21, 1810
Connecticut
(1)		 James Hillhouse (F) Resigned June 10, 1810 Samuel W. Dana (F) Seated December 4, 1810
Ohio
(1)		 Return J. Meigs, Jr. (DR) Resigned on or before December 10, 1810, to become Governor of Ohio Thomas Worthington (DR) Seated December 15, 1810
South Carolina
(2)		 Thomas Sumter (DR) Resigned December 16, 1810 John Taylor (DR) Seated December 31, 1810

House of Representatives

Of the voting members, there were 12 resignations, 1 death, and 1 change due to a contested election.


Main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
Indiana Territory Vacant failure to elect Jonathan Jennings Seated November 27, 1809
Pennsylvania
1st		 Benjamin Say (DR) Resigned June, 1809 Adam Seybert (DR) Seated October 10, 1809
Massachusetts
7th		 William Baylies (F) Lost contested election June 28, 1809 Charles Turner, Jr. (DR) June 28, 1809
Virginia
21st		 Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) Resigned November 27, 1809 David S. Garland (DR) Seated January 17, 1810
Maryland
7th		 John Brown (DR) Resigned sometime in 1810 Robert Wright (DR) Seated November 29, 1810
Massachusetts
10th		 Jabez Upham (F) Resigned sometime in 1810 Joseph Allen (F) October 8, 1810
New York
2nd		 William Denning (DR) Resigned sometime in 1810 Samuel L. Mitchill (DR) December 4, 1810
Kentucky
5th		 Benjamin Howard (DR) Resigned April 10, 1810, after becoming Governor of Louisiana Territory William T. Barry (DR) Seated August 8, 1810
Connecticut
At-large		 Samuel W. Dana (F) Resigned May 10, 1810, after being elected to US Senate Ebenezer Huntington (F) October 11, 1810
Maryland
4th		 Roger Nelson (DR) Resigned May 14, 1810 Samuel Ringgold (DR) Seated October 15, 1810
Massachusetts
11th		 William Stedman (F) Resigned July 16, 1810 Abijah Bigelow (F) October 8, 1810
New Jersey
At-large		 James Cox (DR) Died September 12, 1810 John A. Scudder (DR) Seated October 31, 1810
Virginia
1st		 John G. Jackson (DR) Resigned September 28, 1810 William McKinley (DR) Seated December 21, 1810
South Carolina
1st		 Robert Marion (DR) Resigned December 4, 1810 Langdon Cheves (DR) Seated December 31, 1810
South Carolina
4th		 John Taylor (DR) Resigned December 30, 1810, after becoming US Senator Vacant Not filled for remainder of term

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives
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gollark: Yes.
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gollark: Turtles can craft turtles. It's just very hard to make them individually capable of doing all the steps.

See also

Notes
  1. This is the date the member was seated or an oath administered, not necessarily the same date her/his service began.

References
  1. Denning never took his seat, and eventually resigned. Apparently he did not send a letter of resignation to the House, but communicated his resignation either to the Governor of New York or the Secretary of State of New York. Almost all old State records were destroyed by a fire which broke out at the New York State Capitol during the 1911 United States Senate election in New York, so that the exact date is possibly no longer to ascertain. Certain is that he resigned in time to have the vacancy filled at the annual State election in late April 1810 when the regular congressional elections were held.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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