Wapishana language

Wapishana (Wapixana) is an Arawakan language of Guyana and Brazil.

Wapixana
Native toGuyana, Brazil
EthnicityWapishana
Native speakers
13,000 (2000)[1]
Arawakan
  • Northern
    • Wapishanan (Rio Branco)
      • Wapixana
Language codes
ISO 639-3wap
Glottologwapi1253[2]

Kaufman (1994) considered Wapishana, Atorada, and Mapidian to be dialects. Aikhenvald (1999) separates Mawayana/Mapidian/Mawakwa (considered as a single language) from Wapishana, and she includes them in a Rio Branco branch. Ethnologue notes that Atorada has 50% lexical similarity with Wapishana and 20% with Mapidian, and that Wapishana and Mapidian share 10%.[1]

Language contact

Wapishana and Pemon, a Cariban language, have borrowed heavily from each other due to intensive mutual contact.[3]

Notes
  1. Wapixana at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Wapishana". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Ramirez, Henri (2019). Enciclopédia das línguas arawak: acrescida de seis novas línguas e dois bancos de dados. (in press)
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References
  • Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. (1999). "The Arawak language family". In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y.; Dixon, R.M.W. (eds.). The Amazonian languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 65–106.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Gomes dos Santos, Manoel (2006). Uma Gramática do Wapixana (Aruák) – Aspectos da Fonologia, da Morfologia e da Sintaxe (Dissertation). Campinas, SP: Universidade Estadual de Campinas.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Tracy, Frances V. (1974). "An Introduction to Wapishana Verb Morphology". International Journal of American Linguistics. 40 (2): 120–125. doi:10.1086/465294.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)


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