Nomatsiguenga language
Nomatsiguenga (Matsigenka) is an Arawakan language of Peru. It is close enough to Machiguenga to sometimes be considered dialects of a single language, especially given that both are spoken by the Machiguenga people. Most speakers are monolingual.
| Nomatsiguenga | |
|---|---|
| inato | |
| Native to | Perú |
| Ethnicity | Machiguenga |
Native speakers | 6,500 (2003)[1] |
Arawakan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | not |
| Glottolog | noma1263[2] |
Phonology
According to Lawrence, Nomatsiguenga has the following consonant and vowel phonemes.[3]
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveopalatal | Velar | Glottal | Unspecified | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ (ng, n) | N (n, m) | ||
| Stop | p b | t | k g | |||
| Fricative | s | ʃ (sh) | h | |||
| Affricate | ts | tʃ (ch) | ||||
| Liquid | ɾ (r) | |||||
| Semivowel | j (y) | |||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i, iː (ii) | ɨi (ë) | |
| Mid | e, eː (ee) | o, oː (oo) | |
| Low | a, aː (aa) | ||
Grammar
Nomatsiguenga is one of the few languages in the world that has two different causative mechanisms to denote whether the causer was involved in the activity with the causee or not. The prefix ogi- is used to express the idea that the causer was not involved in the activity, while the suffix -hag is used when the causer is involved.[4]
y-ogi-monti-ë-ri i-tomi 3sg+M-CAUS1-cross.river-NON.FUT-3sg+M 3sg+M-son "He made his son cross the river (he told him to)."
y-monti-a-hag-ë-ri i-tomi 3sg+M-cross.river-EPENTHETIC-CAUS2-NON.FUT-3sg+M 3sg+M-son "He made his son cross the river (he helped him across)."
gollark: Ah yes, I missed that fail/pass language, good point.
gollark: Fixed that too.
gollark: Fixed.
gollark: <@!160279332454006795> <@151149148639330304> <@!309787486278909952> Your thoughts?
gollark: Create a new section "Bees" %bees.Create a rule "Bee utilization part 1" (%bees-1) in %bees:> The deployment status of bees is considered part of the Game State. No bee action (except for bee deployment) may be taken unless bees are currently deployed. Bee actions include deployment of bees, which makes bees become deployed, cessation of bees, which makes bees not be deployed, and use of bees against a player. The player bees are to be used against must be indicated in the Bee Poll authorizing this action. Use of bees against players causes their Points quantity to be reduced by 1, unless it is already 0, in which case there is no effect.Create a rule "Bee Poll" (%bee-poll) in %polls:> A Bee Poll is required to authorize bees to perform actions, as described in %bees. The default allowed reactions for a Bee Poll are 👍 (representing a vote for) and 👎 (representing a vote against). Bee Polls may be closed if they have existed for 12 hours or more, rather than the usual 24. If a Bee Poll is passed, the action it describes is taken. Players are permitted to use multiple reactions on a Bee Poll. A Bee Poll must clearly indicate that it is a Bee Poll.Due to the passage of proposal #207, bees are to be considered "deployed" initially.
References
- Nomatsiguenga at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Nomatsiguenga". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Lawrence, Aimee L. (2013). Inflectional Verbal Morphology in Nomatsigenga (Thesis). University of Texas at Austin.
- Wise, M.R. (1986). "Grammatical characteristics of PreAndine Arawaken languages of Peru." pg. 567–642. In Derbyshire, D. C. & Pullum, G. K., eds. (1986). Handbook of Amazonian languages, Vol. 1'. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Cited in Dixon, R.M.W. (2000). "A Typology of Causatives: Form, Syntax, and Meaning". In Dixon, R.M.W. & Aikhenvald, Alexendra Y. Changing Valency: Case Studies in Transitivity. Cambridge University Press.
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