Platform screen doors

Platform screen doors (PSDs), also known as platform edge doors (PEDs), are used at some train or subway stations to separate the platform from trains, as well as on some Bus rapid transit systems. They are primarily used for passenger safety. They are a relatively new addition to many metro systems around the world, some having been retrofitted to established systems. They are widely used in newer Asian and European metro systems.

"Horizontal lift" style doors at Lomonosovskaya station on the Saint Petersburg Metro, the first type of screen doors in the world.

History
The Singapore MRT was the first in the world to be fitted with glass screen doors. These are the first-generation doors, seen here at Raffles Place station.

The first stations in the world with platform screen doors were the ten stations of the Saint Petersburg Metro's Line 2 that opened between 1961 and 1972. The platform "doors" are actually openings in the station wall, which supports the ceiling of the platform. The track tunnels adjoining the ten stations' island platforms were built with tunnel boring machines (TBMs), and the island platforms were actually located in a separate vault between the two track tunnels. Usually, TBMs bore the deep-level tunnels between stations, while the station vaults are dug out manually and contain both the tracks and the platform. However, in the case of the Saint Petersburg Metro, the TBMs bored a pair of continuous tunnels that passed through ten stations, and the stations themselves were built in vaults that only contained the platform, with small openings on the sides of the vault, in order for passengers to access the trains in the tunnels.[1]

In 1987, Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit was the first metro system in the world to incorporate glass PSDs into its stations for climate control and safety reasons, rather than due to architectural constraints.[1] All underground stations on all lines have these doors installed since their opening, and above-ground stations were retrofitted with the doors by 2012. The design of the doors themselves differ depending on their installation location and time (see § Singapore). Hong Kong's MTR was the first metro system in the world to retrofit PSDs on a transit station already in operation.

Reasons for use

The main reason platform screen doors are installed is for passenger safety. Their use helps prevent suicides, accidents, objects falling on the track and stops people entering tunnels. Platform screen doors also improve climate control within the station, which can lead to cost savings and reduced energy use by lowering the use of heating and air conditioning in the station. PSD's can also offer protection from the weather when used in open air.[2]

Types

Although the terms are often used interchangeably, platform screen doors can refer to both full-height and half-height barriers. Full height platform screen doors are total barriers between the station floor and ceiling, while the half-height platform screen doors are referred to as platform edge doors, as they do not reach the ceiling and thus do not create a total barrier. Platform gates are usually only half of the height of the full-screen doors, but they sometimes reach to the height of the train. These two types of platform screen doors are presently the main types in the world.

Platform screen doors and platform edge doors

These doors help to:

  • Prevent people from accidentally falling onto the tracks, getting too close to moving trains, and committing suicide (by jumping) or homicide (by pushing).[2]
  • Prevent or reduce wind felt by the passengers caused by the piston effect which could in some circumstances make people lose their balance.
  • Improve safety—reduce the risk of accidents, especially from trains passing through the station at high speeds.[2]
  • Improve climate control within the station (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning are more effective when the station is physically isolated from the tunnel).[2]
  • Improve security—access to the tracks and tunnels is restricted.[2]
  • Lower costs—eliminate the need for motormen or conductors when used in conjunction with Automatic Train Operation, thereby reducing manpower costs.
  • Prevent litter buildup on the tracks, which can be a fire risk, as well as damage and possibly obstruct trains.[3]
  • Improve the sound quality of platform announcements, as background noise from the tunnels and trains that are entering or exiting is reduced.
  • At underground or indoor platforms, prevent the air from being polluted by the fumes caused by friction from the train wheels grinding against the tracks.[4]

Their primary disadvantage is their cost; installing a system typically costs several million USD per station. When used to retrofit older systems, they limit the kind of rolling stock that may be used on a line, as train doors must have exactly the same spacing as the platform doors; this results in additional costs due to depot upgrades and otherwise unnecessary purchases of rolling stock.

The doors also pose their own safety risks. The primary risk is that people may be trapped between the platform doors and the train carriage, and be subsequently crushed when the train begins to move (see § Incidents). Cases of this happening are rare, and may depend upon door design.

  • Platform edge doors at Kwai Hing Station of Hong Kong MTR
  • Fully enclosed platform screen doors at Jiashan Road Station of Line 9 in Shanghai Metro
  • Fully enclosed doors at Ecological District Station of Kaohsiung MRT in Taiwan
  • Full-height platform screen doors at Castle Hill Station on the Sydney Metro

Automatic platform gate
See also: Automatic platform gate
Half-height platform gates at Sunny Bay Station on the Disneyland Resort Line in Hong Kong

Half-height platform doors, or automatic platform gates, are chest-height sliding doors at the edge of railway platforms to prevent passengers from falling off the platform edge onto the railway tracks. Like full-height platform screen doors, these platform gates slide open or close simultaneously with the train doors.

Half-height platform gates are cheaper to install than platform screen/edge doors, which require more metallic framework for support. Some railway operators may therefore prefer such an option to improve safety at railway platforms and, at the same time, keep costs low and non-air-conditioned platforms naturally ventilated. However, these gates are less effective than full platform screen doors in preventing people from intentionally jumping onto the tracks.

These gates were first in practical use by the Hong Kong MTR on the Disneyland Resort Line for their open-air station design. The later design by other manufacturers, such as Manusa, Grupsa or Gilgen Door Systems AG, have their gates higher than the ones installed on the Disneyland Resort Line.

Use

Argentina

Line D of the Buenos Aires Subte is planned to have platform screen doors installed in the future as soon as the CBTC system is installed.[5][6][7]

Australia
Rouse Hill Station on the Sydney Metro

In Sydney, the first phase of the Sydney Metro (known as Sydney Metro Northwest) opened in May 2019, and was the first-fully automated rapid transit rail system in Australia. The stations are equipped with full-height platform screen doors on most underground platforms and half-height doors on at grade, elevated and some underground platforms. The existing five stations on the Epping to Chatswood railway line were upgraded to rapid transit standard, all featuring half-height platform screen doors.[8]

In Melbourne, the Melbourne Metro tunnel currently under construction from South Kensington to South Yarra will feature platform screen doors on the underground stations.[9] New trains are being constructed that will line up with the full-height doors. The Metro Tunnel is due to open in 2025.

Belarus

Platform screen doors are being added to Line 3 of the Minsk Metro, which is due to open in late 2020.[10]

Brazil
Paulista Station on São Paulo Metro's Line 4, the first fully automated transit line in Latin America.[11]

The Platform Screen Doors are present in the São Paulo Metro since 2010, when the Sacomã Station was opened.[12] As of 2019, 5 of the 6 lines of the São Paulo Metro have the equipment: Line 4 - Yellow and Line 15 - Silver have the equipment installed in all of its stations. The feature is also present in some stations of Line 2 - Green, Line 3 - Red and Line 5 - Lilac. They are planned to be installed in 41 stations of lines 1, 2 and 3 by the end of 2021[13], as well as all stations of line 5 by the end of 2020.[14]

PSDs are also found on Santos Light Rail since 2016.[15]

Bulgaria

Half-height platform screen doors will be in use on all stations of the Sofia Metro Line 3.[16]

Canada

Screen doors are in use at all three LINK Train stations and the Union and Pearson stations along the Union Pearson Express route to Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario.

Greater Montreal's forthcoming Réseau express métropolitain (REM), the 67-kilometre-long driverless complementary suburban rapid transit network opening in three phases between 2021 and 2023 will feature screen doors at each of its 26 stations.

With the advent of the REM on the horizon, advocating retrofits of platform edges in the Montreal Metro with doors to combat delays attributed to overcrowding is becoming increasingly customary. Were its type of door to be screen (full-height), then such installations might quash the fully underground system's notoriety whereby opening or passing through station entrance doors proves mightily troublesome due to the excessive windiness brought about by arriving or departing trains.

Chile
Line 6 of the Santiago Metro, inaugurated in November 2017, introduced the platform doors and converted it into one of the most modern in Latin America

Platform edge doors are currently in use at Lines 3 and 6 of the Santiago Metro, being a novelty in the system.

China

All Chinese metro systems have platform screen doors installed on most of their lines. All stations built after the mid 2000s have some form of platform barrier. Only the Beijing Subway, Nanjing Metro, Dalian Metro and Wuhan Metro have stations without the platform screen doors on their early lines (As of 21 September 2019). However many are starting the process of retrofitting these lines with platform screen gates. In addition, many BRT systems such as the Guangzhou Bus Rapid Transit are also equipped with platform screen doors. Several underground high speed railway stations of the CRH network use platform screen doors set back from the platform edge.

Colombia

Several stations on Bogota's TransMilenio bus rapid transit system use platform screen doors.

Denmark
A TransMilenio bus rapid transit station in Bogotá with platform screen doors.

The Copenhagen Metro uses Westinghouse[17] and Faiveley platform screen doors on all platforms.

Finland

The Helsinki Metro had a trial run with Faiveley automatic platform gates installed on a single platform at Vuosaari metro station during phase one of the project. The doors, which are part of the Siemens metro automation project, were built in 2012. Phase 2 of the project has been delayed due to metro automation technical and safety related testings.[18] The doors were removed in 2015

France
Fully enclosed platform screen doors in Paris Métro
Platform curtains at Vanves–Malakoff station

All lines of the VAL automated subway system are equipped with platform screen doors at every station, starting with Lille subways in 1983. Those also include Toulouse and Rennes as well as the CDGVAL and Orlyval airport shuttles.

Paris Métro's line 14 from Saint-Lazare to Bibliothèque François Mitterrand was inaugurated in 1998 with platform screen doors manufactured by Faiveley Transport. The new station Olympiades opened with platform screen doors in June 2007. Line 1 has been retrofitted with platform screen doors, for full driverless automation effective in 2012. Some stations on Line 13 have had platform edge doors since 2010 to manage their overcrowding, after tests conducted in 2006, and stations on Line 4 are currently being fitted with platform edge doors in preparation for its automation.

Since 30 June 2020, a new kind of vertical platform screen doors, called platform curtains, are being tested on the platform 2bis of Vanves–Malakoff station (in Paris region) on the Transilien Line N commuter rail line. Their experiment should end in February 2021.[19] These 1 meter 60 high vertical doors are manufactured by HENGZHU[20]. Transilien said that they preferred platform curtains to classical screen doors for this line because the positioning of the doors is not the same across the rolling stock, and that they plan to install them in other Transilien stations if the experiment is successful.[21]

The D line in Lyon, which is equipped with fully automated trains, does not have platform screen doors but identifies obstructions by infrared detectors upon the tracks. A similar system is employed by the metro system in Nuremberg, Germany.

Germany

People movers at Frankfurt International Airport, Munich International Airport and Düsseldorf Airport are equipped with platform screen doors, as well as the suspended monorail in Dortmund, called H-Bahn.

Greece

Platform screen doors will be used on the driverless Thessaloniki Metro[22], which opens in November of 2020.

Hong Kong
East Tsim Sha Tsui Station has the longest set of platform screen doors in the world, but a third have been out of service since the station began serving the West Rail Line's shorter trains in 2009.

Today, all heavy rail platforms except those on the East Rail Line have either platform screen doors or platform edge doors. Platform edge doors are only used on above-ground stations, while platform screen doors are used in both underground and above-ground stations. None of the light rail platforms has platform screen doors or platform edge doors.

In 1998, the Tung Chung Line and Airport Express saw the earliest operations of platform screen doors in Hong Kong.

The MTR Corporation had also, since mid-1996, been studying the feasibility of installing PSDs at the older stations. It decided in 1999 to undertake the PSD Retrofitting Programme at 74 platforms of 30 underground stations on the Kwun Tong, Island, and Tsuen Wan Lines. This was completed in early 2006.[23] The Mass Transit Railway was the first metro system in the world to retrofit PSDs on a transit system already in operation.[24]

In 2006 the MTR began studying ways to introduce barriers at above-ground and at-grade stations, which was considered more complicated as these stations are naturally ventilated and the introduction of platform screen doors would entail the installation of air conditioning systems. In 2008 the corporation decided to install automatic platform gates at these eight stations (the MTR and KCR Corporation were operationally merged in 2007, but KCR stations were except from this study).[23] The eight stations were retrofitted with APGs in 2011.

From July 2000 to December 2013, the MTR Corporation collected a surcharge of 10 cents from each Octopus-paying passenger to help pay for the installation of PSDs and APGs. Over HK$1.15 billion was collected in total.[25]

Platform screen doors were also installed on all platforms of the West Rail Line, then built by the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC) before the MTR-KCR merger. The Ma On Shan Line did not have gates upon opening even though it was built at the same time as the West Rail.

The installation of platform screen doors in Hong Kong has been effective in reducing railway injuries and service disruptions.[26]

The longest set of platform screen doors in the world can be found in East Tsim Sha Tsui Station.[27] A reduction of train length from 12 to 7 cars following the construction of Kowloon Southern Link caused many of the screen doors to be put out of service, although the trains were lengthened to eight cars in May 2018.

The platform screen doors presently in service in the MTR were supplied by the Swiss manufacturer Kaba Gilgen, the Japanese Nabtesco Corporation (under the Nabco brand), as well as Faiveley Transport. The last stations in Hong Kong without platform screen doors or gates are all found on the East Rail Line and Ma On Shan Line, both former KCR lines not part of the MTR APG retrofitting programmes. However, these remaining stations are all being retrofitted by Kaba as part of the Sha Tin to Central Link project.[28] Adding APGs to the East Rail platforms requires platform strengthening as the gates, combined with heavy winds, can greatly increase structural loading on the platform edge.

Apart from the MTR, all stations on the Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover are equipped with platform screen doors made from Westinghouse Platform Screen Doors (for Phase 1)[29] and Panasonic (for Midfield Extension).[30]

India

On the Delhi Metro, all stations on the Delhi Airport Metro Express line, which links to Indira Gandhi International Airport have been equipped with full-height platform screen doors since November 2015 and the six busiest stations on the Yellow Line have also been equipped with half height platform gates.[31][32] Automatic platform gates on all the stations of the Pink and Magenta Line.

Platform screen doors are also used in all underground stations of the Chennai Metro.[33]

There are platform screen doors in all elevated stations of Kolkata Metro Line 2. Platform screen doors will be introduced in underground stations of Kolkata Metro Line 2, Kolkata Metro Line 3, Kolkata Metro Line 6. There are plans to install platform screen doors also in Kolkata Metro Line 1.[34]

On the Namma Metro in Bangalore, platform doors will be installed for its phase II operations and is expected to be completed by 2019.[35]

Indonesia

Platform screen doors are in use on the underground stations on the new Jakarta MRT and half-height doors are used on above-ground stations. Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link stations, such as SHIA railway station, also uses platform screen doors. The Soekarno-Hatta Airport Skytrain are also equipped with platform screen doors. The Jakarta LRT and future Greater Jakarta LRT also uses half-height doors at its stations (all above ground). The TransJakarta bus rapid transit system also uses automatic half-height doors at the Bundaran HI and Tosari stations. In the future, platform screen doors and half height doors will be installed on Phase 2 and 3 of the Jakarta MRT.[36]

Italy
Platform screen doors at the Monte Compatri-Pantano station on Rome Metro's Line C

Platform screen doors are used in most newly built rapid transit lines and systems of new construction in Italy. PSDs are present on Turin Metro, the Venice People Mover, the Perugia Minimetrò, the Brescia Metro, Line 5 of the Milan Metro, and Line C of the Rome Metro.

Japan
Full-height doors on Tokyo Metro Namboku Line and Toei Mita Line

The Tokyo Metro and Toei Subway began using barriers with the 1991 opening of the Namboku Line (which has full-height platform screen doors), and subsequently installed automatic platform gates on the Mita, Marunouchi, and Fukutoshin lines. Some railway lines, including the subway systems in Sapporo, Sendai, Nagoya, Osaka, Kyoto, and Fukuoka, also utilize barriers to some extent.

In August 2012, the Japanese government announced plans to install barriers at stations used by 100,000 or more people per day, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism allotted 36 million yen ($470,800) for research and development of the system the 2011-2012 fiscal year. A difficulty was the fact that some stations are used by different types of trains with different designs, making barrier design a challenge.[37]

As of November 2012, only 34 of 235 stations with over 100,000 users per day were able to implement the plan. The ministry stated that 539 of approximately 9,500 train stations across Japan have barriers. Of the Tokyo Metro stations, 78 of 179 have some type of platform barrier.[38]

In 2018, automatic platform gates will be installed on the Sōbu Rapid Line platforms at Shin-Koiwa. As these trains are 300 m (980 ft) long, it is believed that this will break the world record for the longest platform doors at East Tsim Sha Tsui Station in Hong Kong.[39][40]

Malaysia

Platform screen doors (PSD) are installed at all underground Kelana Jaya Line stations, from Ampang Park to Masjid Jamek and Kajang Line, from Muzium Negara to Maluri stations. The automated announcement message reading "For safety reasons, please stand behind the yellow line" in both English and Malay languages are also heard before the train arrived at all stations.

There are also platform screen doors (PSD) on the KLIA Ekspres at Kuala Lumpur Sentral and KLIA stations. Both stations at KLIA Aerotrain also have platform screen doors.

The Platform screen gates (PSG) also have been installed in all elevated stations of the Kajang Line and KL Monorail.

Pakistan

In Pakistan, platform screen doors are installed at all stations of bus rapid transits Lahore Metrobus and Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus. There are plans to install them at all stations of Multan Metrobus, Karachi Metrobus and the under construction Lahore Metro.

Qatar

Platform screen doors are in use in all stations of the Doha Metro.[41]

Russian Federation

Park Pobedy (Russian: Парк Победы) is a station of the Saint Petersburg Metro that was the first station in the world with platform doors. The station was opened in 1961. Later, nine more stations of this type were built in Leningrad (nowadays Saint Petersburg): Petrogradskaya (Russian: Петроградская), Vasileostrovskaya (Russian: Василеостровская), Gostiny Dvor (Russian: Гостиный двор), Mayakovskaya (Russian: Маяковская), Ploshchad Alexandra Nevskogo I (Russian: Площадь Александра Невского-1), Moskovskaya (Russian: Московская), Yelizarovskaya (Russian: Елизаровская), Lomonosovskaya (Russian: Ломоносовская), and Zvyozdnaya (Russian: Звёздная).

There was an electronic device to ensure that the train stopped with its doors adjacent to the platform doors; they were installed so that driverless trains could eventually be used on the line.[42] Unlike other platform screen doors, which are lightweight units with extensive glazing installed on a normal platform edge, the St Petersburg units give the appearance of a solid wall with heavyweight doorways and solid steel sliding doors, similar to a bank of elevators in a large building, and the train cannot be seen entering from the platform; passengers become familiar with the sound alone to indicate a train arrival.

In May 2018, two other similar stations were opened: Novokrestovskaya and Begovaya. Unlike the first ten stations that were built, these stations utilize glass screen doors, allowing the train to be seen from entering the platform.

  • Hall of Begovaya station
  • Hall of Petrogradskaya station

Singapore

The Singapore Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) was the first rapid transit system in Asia to incorporate platform screen doors in its stations in 1987.[43] Additionally, the Singapore Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) is the first and only rail system in the world to incorporate platform screen doors consistently at all stations on the network with half height "psds" on the overground stations. Full height PSDs mainly manufactured by Westinghouse are installed at all existing underground MRT and sub-surface stations in Singapore, as well as at Ten Mile Junction LRT station since its opening in 1999, but which has since been permanently closed. Future underground MRT stations will also have full-height doors installed upon opening. Half-height platform screen doors mostly manufactured by ST Electronics have been retrofitted into all elevated stations by March 2012 (starting with three elevated MRT stations in 2009), as well as all future above-ground MRT stations. The LRT stations at Sengkang, Bukit Panjang and Punggol also have half height platform screen panels installed beginning in 2015. These panels lack physical doors and vary in size according to their location on the platform. All remaining LRT stations received these panels by 2018.

There are two series of the full-height platform screen doors in use. The first series, made by Westinghouse, was installed at all underground stations along the North South line and the East West line from 1987 to the completion of the initial system in 1990. The second series of PSDs sport a sleeker design, producing less sound when the doors were opened and closed while incorporating more glass. The first station with these doors was Changi Airport MRT station which opened in 2002. All stations in the fully underground North East line and Circle line, which opened in 2003 and 2010 respectively, sport these new doors, also made by Westinghouse, although there are slight differences in their designs. The same doors used in the Circle line also equip the rebuilt North South line platforms at Bishan MRT station in 2009 following renovations in conjunction with the Circle line interchange at the station. The Downtown line features Westinghouse doors of a still-newer design, which is also found in Marina South Pier MRT station which opened in 2014. The Thomson-East Coast line uses full-height doors by a different manufacturer, GE Transportation, in its stations.

Considered a novelty at the time of its installation, platform screen doors were introduced primarily to minimise hefty air-conditioning costs, especially since elevated stations are not air-conditioned and are much more economical to run in comparison. Since then the safety aspects of these doors have become more important, as highlighted by a series of high-profile incidents where individuals were injured or killed by oncoming trains since the year 2002—all occurring on elevated stations with no screen doors. The Land Transport Authority reports that there have been more than 220 cases of commuters trespassing on the tracks between 1991 and 15 September 2004, of which 87 percent were deliberate acts of trespass. Nine fatalities were recorded during this period, of which only one was an accident. Since September 2004 there have been six fatalities occurring on elevated MRT and LRT stations.

  • The first generation of platform screen doors, introduced with the Singapore MRT system in 1987. Seen here at Somerset station, on the North South line.
  • Second-generation platform doors at Woodleigh station. These doors were introduced on the North East line (which this station is on) in 2003. These doors have more glass than the first-generation doors pictured above.
  • Newest generation platform screen doors, seen here at Chinatown station on the Downtown line. This station was opened in 2013.
  • Half-height platform doors were installed at Yio Chu Kang station in 2011, 24 years after the station opened

South Korea
Full-height platform screen doors on Seoul Subway

Yongdu Station of Seoul Subway Line 2 was the first station on the Seoul Subway to feature platform screen doors; the station opened in October 2005. By the end of 2009, many of the 289 stations operated by Seoul Metro had platform doors by Hyundai Elevator.[44] Seoul Metro Line 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were equipped with platform screen doors However, not all stations operated by Korail have completed installation. All stations in South Korea will have platform screen doors by 2018.[45] As of 2017, 100% of subway stations are equipped with platform screen doors in Daejeon, Gwangju, Busan, Incheon and Daegu.[46] The platform screen doors installed in Munyang Station in Daegu Metro have a unique rope-based platform screen named Rope type Platform Safe Door (RPSD).[47] A set of ropes cordoned off the platform from the rails. When the train arrived, the rope screen ascended to allow entry. This RPSD was also used in Nokdong Station on Gwangju Subway, but was removed in 2012, and a new full-height platform screen door was installed in 2016 instead.

Spain

Half platform screens were installed first in Provença FGC station (Barcelona) around 2003. Later doors were tested on Barcelona Metro line 11 before fitting them on all stations for the new lines 9 and 10, which operate driverless. In the Seville Metro this system is the one used since it was opened in April 2009.

Sweden

Stockholm commuter rail has platform doors on two underground stations opened in July 2017, as part of the Stockholm City Line.[48] The Stockholm metro will receive platform doors in two stations during 2017 - 2018.[49][50] The underground Liseberg station in Gothenburg has platform doors which were built before its opening 1993. The reason was safety against the freight trains that go in this tunnel. These doors are built one meter from the platform edge and do not restrict the train type.

Switzerland

Zurich International Airport's Skymetro shuttle between the main building (hosting terminals A and B) and the detached terminal E has glass screen doors separating the tracks from the passenger hall platforms at both ends.

Lausanne Metro's Line M2 has glass screen doors at every station.

Taiwan
Taipei Main Station of the Taipei Metro is fitted with automatic platform gates

On Taipei Metro, platform screen doors were first installed on the Wenhu line (then known as Muzha line) in 1996. Older high-capacity MRT lines (Tamsui Line, Xindian Line, Xiaonanmen Line, Zhonghe Line, and Bannan Line) were initially constructed without platform screen doors but are retrofitted with automatic platform gates which is completed 2018. Newer stations (Xinyi Line, XInzhuang Line, Luzhou Line, Songshan Line, Circular Line, and Bannan Line's Dingpu and Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center) are constructed with platform screen doors.

Taoyuan Airport MRT are equipped with platform screen doors on underground stations and automatic platform gate on elevated stations.

Taoyuan International Airport Skytrain also feature platform screen doors on all stations.

Kaohsiung MRT underground section are equipped with platform screen doors

Thailand
Sala Daeng sky train station, Silom, Bangkok

Platform Screen Doors were first installed on the Bangkok MRT System since it first operates. Followed by the Airport Rail Link System in Makkasan Station (Express Platform) and Suvarnabhumi Station (both City and Express Line Platform. BTS Skytrain system first installed the Platform screen doors at Siam Station. Followed by all the busy stations during rush hours. Today, Almost all stations on the Bangkok Electrified Rail System have installed the Platform Screen Doors preventing people from falling onto the tracks. BTS Skytrain system has installed PSDs on 18 stations out of its 44 stations. Both Purple and Blue Line of Bangkok MRT system has installed PSDs on all of its stations. Airport Rail link has installed a stainless steel fence to prevent from falling but has not installed an automated door due to a speed of the train is too fast that it will break the glass. All new stations in Bangkok must install Platform screen doors as a rule.

Turkey

Line M5 of the Istanbul Metro is equipped with automatic platform gates at every station.

United Arab Emirates

Platform screen doors are installed on all the platforms in the fully automated Dubai Metro, as well as on the Dubai Tram (the world's first tram system to feature platform screen doors).

United Kingdom
Platform screen doors at Westminster

The Jubilee line Extension project saw platform edge doors installed on its new stations that were underground, and were produced by Westinghouse.[51] There are plans to install PEDs (which, similar to the Jubilee Line, will not reach to the ceiling) in existing London Underground stations along the Bakerloo, Central, Piccadilly, and Waterloo & City lines as part of New Tube for London.[52]

PEDs are present on the Gatwick Airport shuttle system, Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 airside people mover shuttle, Birmingham Airport AirRail Link and Stansted Airport Transit System. In these cases the purpose is safety, as there is a considerable drop on the other side of the doors.

Crossrail will have PSDs at all of its newly built underground stations,[53] except the stations at Heathrow Airport. The Heathrow stations will also be served by Heathrow Express trains, which have a different door layout.

The Glasgow Subway will have half-height screen doors by 2020.[54]

United States
Full-height platform screen doors at AeroTrain Terminal at Washington Dulles International Airport

Platform screen doors are generally rare in the United States, and are almost exclusively found on small-scale systems. The privately operated Las Vegas Monorail system is currently the only general-purpose rapid transit system in the US to use platform screen doors. Honolulu Rail Transit will become the first large-scale publicly run metro system in the United States to feature platform screen doors when it opens in late 2020.[55]

New York City's Metropolitan Transportation Authority has not committed to installing platform screen doors in its subway system, though it had been considering such an idea since the 1980s.[56] Possible locations for platform doors include several stations along the Second Avenue Subway, but their installation presents substantial technical challenges, as there are different placements of doors on New York City Subway rolling stock.[57][58] The MTA is also interested in retrofitting platform screen doors on the Canarsie Line, along the L train, and on the IRT Flushing Line, along the 7 and <7>​ trains. However, it is unlikely that the entire New York City Subway system will get retrofitted with platform screen doors or automatic platform gates[59] due to, again, the varying placements of doors on rolling stock.[60] Following a series of incidents during one week in November 2016, in which 3 people were injured or killed after being pushed into tracks, the MTA started to consider installing platform edge doors for the 42nd Street Shuttle.[61] In October 2017, the MTA formally announced that platform screen doors would be installed at the Third Avenue station on the L train as part of a pilot program,[62][63] but the pilot was later postponed after funding for the doors was reallocated to an elevator installation project.[64]

People movers, systems that ferry passengers across large distances they would otherwise walk, make use of platform screen doors. These systems are common at airports such as Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport and Denver International Airport. The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey uses full height platform screen doors at two of its systems: AirTrain JFK and AirTrain Newark (serving John F. Kennedy International Airport and Newark Liberty International Airport respectively). San Francisco International Airport has AirTrain, a 6-mile-long line whose stations are fully enclosed with platform screen doors, allowing access to the fully automated people mover. Chicago O'Hare International Airport has a people mover system which operates 24 hours a day and is a 2.5 mile long (4 km) line that operates between the four terminals at the airport and parking areas; each station is fully enclosed with platform screen doors allowing access to the fully automated people mover trains. AeroTrain is a 3.78-mile (6.08 km) people mover system at Washington Dulles International Airport in Dulles, Virginia with fully enclosed tracks including platform screen doors. The United States Capitol subway system, a train cart people mover system, uses platform gates.

Incidents

On the Shanghai Metro in 2007, a man forcing his way onto a crowded train became trapped between the train door and platform door as they closed. He was pulled under the departing train and killed.[65] An almost identical death occurred on the Beijing Subway in 2014‍—‌the third death involving platform doors in China within the several years preceding it.[66][67] In 2018, a woman was similarly trapped between the platform doors and train at Shanghai's Bao'an Highway station. She escaped injury by standing still as the train departed.[68]

Between 1999 and 2012, London Underground's platform doors were involved in 75 injuries, including strikes to heads and arms.[69]

gollark: I think I have http://☭☭☭☭☭.tk.
gollark: See, look, they are !!FAKE!! and render as punycode in some environments.
gollark: http://𐊵.florist - what florist WOULDN'T want such a domain‽
gollark: Those are !!FAKE!! one char domains.
gollark: I want BEES.

References
  1. http://www.mic-ro.com/metro/platform-screen-doors.html
  2. "Platform Screen Doors: No barrier to success". Intelligent Transport. 19 April 2007. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  3. "DIY railway litter patrol banned". BBC News. 26 May 2006. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
  4. PDF on the issue (London Underground): Personal Exposure and Air Quality in Northbank Archived 28 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Plan de modernización del Subterráneo de Buenos Aires – Buenos Aires Ciudad
  6. Piccardo presentó en Brasil el Plan de Modernización del Subte – EnElSubte, 18 September 2015.
  7. "Licitan nuevo señalamiento para la línea D". EnElSubte (in Spanish). 22 June 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  8. North West Rail Link - Homepage
  9. Preiss, Benjamin; Mannix, Liam (12 May 2016). "Cue new screen doors at Metro rail stations, but you will need new queuing technique". The Age. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  10. "Platform screen doors installed in Minsk metro". TV channel «Belarus 24». Retrieved 6 March 2020.
  11. http://www.viaquatro.com.br/imprensa/noticias/Linha-4-Amarela-e-eleita-a-melhor-pelos-paulistanos?releaseId=31186
  12. http://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/ultimas-noticias/serra-inaugura-estacao-sacoma-do-metro-1/
  13. http://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/ultimas-noticias/governo-de-sp-contrata-instalacao-de-portas-de-plataforma-do-metro/
  14. https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2018/08/31/portas-de-plataforma-em-toda-a-linha-5-lilas-serao-entregues-ate-2020-diz-pelissioni/
  15. https://viatrolebus.com.br/2016/11/emtu-conclui-instalacao-de-portas-plataforma-em-estacao-do-vlt/
  16. "Sofia awards metro contract to Siemens and Newag". International Railway Journal. 15 March 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  17. "WPSD Platform Screen Door System - Case Study". Platformscreendoors.com. Archived from the original on 26 June 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
  18. "Vuosaari platform doors introduced on 15 February". HKL. 17 February 2012. Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  19. "Vanves-Malakoff : les rideaux de quais bientôt en action !". Le blog des Lignes N et U - Transilien. 29 June 2020. "Quand seront-ils en fonctionnement ?". Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  21. "Vanves-Malakoff : les rideaux de quais bientôt en action !". Le blog des Lignes N et U - Transilien. 29 June 2020. "Comment les rideaux de quais fonctionnent-ils ?". Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  22. "Wayback Machine" (PDF). 11 September 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  23. "Updated background brief on installation of platform screen doors and automatic platform gates at railway stations" (PDF). Legislative Council. 2 March 2012.
  24. "LCQ16: Retrofitting of PSDs at MTR stations to be completed by 2006". HKSAR Government Information Centre. 5 January 2005. Retrieved 17 June 2007.
  25. Feng, Frank (22 July 2015). "Hong Kong MTR passengers to be spared platform screen door costs". South China Morning Post.
  26. Law, C.K.; Yip, P.S.F. (30 January 2011). "An economic evaluation of setting up physical barriers in railway stations for preventing railway injury: evidence from Hong Kong". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 65: 915–920.
  27. "東鐵不裝幕門被轟為慳錢" (in Chinese). Apple Daily. 4 July 2005.
  28. "Contracts". Sha Tin to Central Link. MTR Corporation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  29. "Knorr-Bremse". www.westinghouse-brakes.com. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  30. "Shun Hing Systems Integration Co., Ltd". www.shunhingsi.com. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  31. "Media Kit - Airport Express". Reliance Airport Express Metro. Archived from the original on 29 August 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
  32. "Delhi Metro to have driver less trains".
  33. Sekar, Sunitha. "Platform screen doors to be installed in Metro stations". The Hindu. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
  34. "Metro to get platform screen doors". Times of India. 5 January 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
  35. "Delhi Metro to get Platform screen doors".
  36. MRT, redaksi (27 April 2018). "Platform Screen Doors: Jaminan Keamanan Penumpang". MRT Jakarta (in Indonesian). Retrieved 28 May 2019.
  37. Asahi Shimbun Keeping commuters safe; mobile station barriers 20 October 2011 Archived 11 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  38. Ushijima, Kota (13 November 2012). "Progress stalls on installing platform barriers at train stations nationwide". Daily Yomiuri. Archived from the original on 18 February 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  39. 15 car trains at 20m lengths, totaling approximately 300m
  40. "response.jp".
  41. "Platform screen doors installed at Metro station". Gulf-Times (in Arabic). 30 March 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  42. Cooke, B.W.C., ed. (November 1959). "Sliding Doors on Platform Edge". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 105 no. 703. Westminster: Tothill Press. p. 796.
  43. Westinghouse Platform Screen Doors - Completed Projects Archived 13 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  44. 행복미소 장지역 | [5678 NEWS] 제4회 부산국제철도 및 물류산업전(RailLog Korea 2009 - Daum 카페
  45. 잇단 투신에도…국철 스크린도어 설치는 '서행' Hankooki.com (in Korean) Archived 14 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  46. 문병호 의원, 기존 전철역에도 스크린도어 설치 국비지원을 스크린도어 설치로 인한 자살예방 효과 탁월 Asia News Agency (in Korean)
  47. Rope type Platform Safe Door English promotional Archived 17 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  48. http://www.trafikverket.se/nara-dig/Stockholm/projekt-i-stockholms-lan/Citybanan/Citybanans-stationer/
  49. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  50. http://www.dn.se/sthlm/medis-forst-med-plattformsdorrar/
  51. "Westinghouse Platform Screen Doors". Platformscreendoors.com. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
  52. "New Tube for London Feasibility Report October 2014" (PDF). tfl.gov.uk. Transport for London. October 2014. p. 18. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  53. "Crossrail's platform screen doors will be built in the UK". Railway Technology Magazine. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  54. http://www.spt.co.uk/subway/modernisation/
  55. Honolulu Rail Project - Ansaldo STS
  56. Neuman, William (5 April 2007). "2nd Ave. Subway Platforms May Get Glass Walls and Sliding Doors". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  57. NYC Subway Deaths Spur Officials to Call for Action Archived 5 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, The Epoch Times.
  58. CUSTOMER CONTACT WITH TRAIN INCIDENT REPORT, January 2013.
  59. Capital New York: After subway-push killings (and Lhota's resignation), the MTA considers platform screen doors
  60. Council demands an end to the M.T.A.‘s subway-safety ’exploratory' phase Archived 23 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  61. Furfaro, Danielle (15 November 2016). "MTA boss makes another push for subway platform doors". New York Post. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  62. Barone, Vin (24 October 2017). "Platform door pilot heads to L train station". am New York. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  63. Furfaro, Danielle (25 October 2017). "MTA to test barrier to stop people from falling on tracks". New York Post. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  64. Berger, Paul (26 June 2018). "MTA Postpones Platform-Safety Pilot Program". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  65. "Man caught between subway train and safety doors dies in Shanghai". International Herald Tribune. 29 March 2009. Archived from the original on 18 August 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
  66. "South China Morning Post - Beijing subway passengers tried to raise alarm before accident victim was dragged to her death"
  67. "Passenger crushed to death while trying to board subway train in Beijing-Sino-US". Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 11 November 2014.
  68. Tang, Frank (26 April 2018). "Chinese woman trapped behind subway safety doors as train speeds by". South China Morning Post.
  69. "HTML version of an attachment to the Freedom of Information request 'Safety of platform screen doors'". WhatDoTheyKnow. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.