Downtown MRT line

The Downtown Line (DTL) is a medium-capacity Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) line in Singapore operated by the SBS Transit company. It currently runs from Bukit Panjang in the north-west to Expo in the east via the Central Area. Coloured blue on the rail map, the line is 41.9 kilometres (26.0 mi) long and has 34 stations, all of which are underground.[3] The DTL is the fifth MRT line on the network to be opened, the third to be entirely underground. It is the second MRT line to be operated by SBS Transit, after the North East Line.

Not to be confused with the Downtown MRT station, which the Downtown line trains call at.

Downtown Line
A C951 rolling stock stopping at Downtown MRT station, one of the 34 stations on the line.
Overview
Native name	Malay: Laluan MRT Pusat Bandar Chinese: 滨海市区地铁线 Tamil: டவுன்டவுன் எம்ஆர்டி வழி
Type	Rapid transit
System	Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)
Status	Operational (Stages 1, 2 & 3) Under construction (Stage 3e) Under planning (Hume, Stage 2 extension)
Locale	Singapore
Termini	Bukit Panjang Sungei Kadut (mid-2030s) Expo Sungei Bedok (2024)
Stations	34 (Operational) [1] 2 (Under construction) 3 (Under planning)
Services	1
Daily ridership	477,000 (2019)[2]
Operation
Planned opening	2024 (2024) (Stage 3e) 2025 (2025) (Hume) mid-2030s (Stage 2 extension)
Opened	22 December 2013 (2013-12-22) (Stage 1) 27 December 2015 (2015-12-27) (Stage 2) 21 October 2017 (2017-10-21) (Stage 3)
Owner	Land Transport Authority
Operator(s)	SBS Transit DTL (ComfortDelGro Corporation)[3]
Character	Fully Underground
Depot(s)	Gali Batu Tai Seng East Coast (Future)
Rolling stock	C951/C951A
Technical
Line length	41.9 km (26.0 mi) (Operational)[1] 2.2 km (1.4 mi) (Under construction)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	750 V DC Third rail
Operating speed	limit of 80 km/h
Route map Downtown MRT Line Gali Batu Depot  DT1  BP6  Bukit Panjang  ■ Choa Chu Kang – Via Senja/Petir   DT2  Cashew  DT3  Hillview  DT4  Hume  DT5  Beauty World Pan Island Expressway  DT6  King Albert Park Bt Timah Canal  DT7  Sixth Avenue  DT8  Tan Kah Kee Farrer Road  ■ HarbourFront – Dhoby Ghaut   DT9  CC19  Botanic Gardens  ■ Gardens by the Bay – Woodlands North   DT10  TE11  Stevens  DT11  NS21  Newton  ■ Marina South Pier – Jurong East  Central Expressway  ■ HarbourFront – Punggol   DT12  NE7  Little India  DT13  Rochor Loop  ■ via Bencoolen – via Jalan Besar   ■ Tuas Link – Pasir Ris   DT14  EW12  Bugis  ■ HarbourFront   DT15  CC4  Promenade Marina Reservoir  ■ Dhoby Ghaut   DT16  CE1  Bayfront  ■ Marina Bay   ■ Jurong East – Marina South Pier   DT17  Downtown  DT18  Telok Ayer  DT19  NE4  Chinatown  ■ Punggol – HarbourFront  Singapore River  DT20  Fort Canning  ■ HarbourFront – Punggol   ■ Marina South Pier – Jurong East   ■ HarbourFront – Dhoby Ghaut   DT21  Bencoolen Loop  ■ via Bugis – via Rochor   DT22  Jalan Besar  DT23  Bendemeer Kallang River  DT24  Geylang Bahru Pan Island Expressway  DT25  Mattar Pelton Canal  ■ Dhoby Ghaut – HarbourFront   DT26  CC10  MacPherson  DT27  Ubi Tai Seng Facility Building  DT28  Kaki Bukit  DT29  Bedok North  DT30  Bedok Reservoir Bedok Canal  DT31  Tampines West Canal  DT32  EW2  Tampines  ■ Tuas Link – Pasir Ris   DT33  Tampines East Pan Island Expressway  DT34  Upper Changi  DT35  CG1  Expo  ■ Tanah Merah – Changi Airport   DT36  Xilin East Coast Depot Bedok River  DT37  TE31  Sungei Bedok  ■ Woodlands North

Originally three separate lines, the lines merged into one project, known as the Downtown Line, in 2007. The line was built in three stages, opening in 2013, 2015 and 2017. Stage 3e, an extension of the line to Sungei Bedok, is under construction and is scheduled to begin operations in 2024,[4] while a new infill station, Hume MRT station, is planned for 2025.[5] An extension to the Sungei Kadut MRT station is also being planning and set to open in the 2030s.[6] When fully completed in 2024, the line will be about 44 kilometres (27 mi) long with 36 stations, and will serve more than half a million commuters daily.[7]

The MRT will also be the longest rapid transit line in Singapore to use completely automated, driverless trains,[1] the longest of such lines in the world and the longest rapid transit line in Southeast Asia, until the completion of the Cross Island Line in 2031.[8]

History

Background and inception

At the official opening of the Dover MRT station on 23 October 2001, then-Minister for Communications and Information Technology Yeo Cheow Tong announced three MRT lines, two of which―the Bukit Timah Line and the northern part of the Eastern Region Line―form today's DTL. The Bukit Timah Line aimed to alleviate the traffic problems along the Bukit Timah and Dunearn Road corridor, and provide a direct link to the city area for residents in Choa Chu Kang and Bukit Panjang. The proposed Eastern Region Line, slated to be a loop in the eastern regions, aimed to relieve the passenger load on the often-congested East West line and benefiting those living in Tampines, Bedok and Marine Parade.[9]^:16―17[10][11]

On 14 June 2005, the Land Transport Authority announced the Downtown Extension (renamed to "Downtown Line Stage 1") to serve the New Downtown at Marina Bay area, where an integrated resort (Marina Bay Sands) and Singapore's second botanical garden (Gardens by the Bay) were to be located. The 3.4-kilometre (2.1 mi) fully underground line was estimated to cost S$1.4 billion.[12] On 27 April 2007, then Transport Minister Raymond Lim announced that the newly christened Downtown Line would be built in three stages stretching 40 kilometres (25 mi) with 33 stations.[13][14][15][16]

Construction and opening

The construction of DTL tunnels near Clarke Quay. The diversion of the Singapore River for construction works for the tunnels between the Chinatown and Fort Canning stations was considered an engineering feat at the time.[17][18][19]

A separate entrance for the DTL platforms for Tampines MRT station, which is not directly connected to the EWL platforms of the station.

The line was built in 3 stages: Stage 1 of the Downtown line, stretching 4.3-kilometre (2.7 mi), started construction in January 2008 at Chinatown station[9]^:30, where platform provisions were built to facilitate an interchange station during the construction of the North East line. It began service on 22 December 2013,[20] with its official inauguration made on the day before by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.[21]

Stage 2, first conceptualized and announced as the Bukit Timah line on 23 October 2001, is 16.6 kilometres (10.3 mi) long with 12 stations connecting Bukit Panjang and Rochor stations, including four interchange stations. Construction for Stage 2 began on 3 July 2009 with a groundbreaking ceremony at Beauty World station.[22][23][24][25]

Stage 3 goes from Chinatown to Expo. The station locations and finalised route were unveiled on 20 August 2010.[26][27] Stage 3 of the Downtown line is 21 kilometres (13 mi) long and serve 16 stations.[1][28] The route opened on 21 October 2017,[29] with free travel for all DTL stations on the first two days of the line completion.[30][31]

The line, with an estimated cost of S$12 billion, was considered the government's most ambitious rail project. The cost exceeded those of the Circle Line (at $6.7 billion) and the North East Line (at $4.6 billion). Final costs of building the line may reach an estimated about S$20.7 billion, up more than 70% from the initial estimation, due to sharp rises in construction costs and a number of changes in plans.[32][9]^:19.

In October 2014, it was announced that Stage 2's opening would be pushed back to the first quarter of 2016. This was because one of the main contractors for the DTL2, Alpine Bau (which was building King Albert Park, Sixth Avenue and Tan Kah Kee), went bankrupt in mid-2013.[33] On 28 June 2015, Transport Minister Lui Tuck Yew announced that the delay was "completely resolved" by the authorities and Stage 2's opening date was brought forward to 27 December 2015.[34][35] The DTL 3 started operations on 21 October 2017, officially opened by Transport Minister Khaw Boon Wan.[36][37]

To serve the line, the Gali Batu Depot was opened in December 2015 to stable 42 trains. It is situated at part of the former Kwong Hou Sua Teochew Cemetery off Woodlands Road.[38] Also in February that year, the Land Transport Authority announced that the capacity of the depot will be expanded to stable 81 trains by 2019.[39]

Future plans

On 17 January 2013, plans for a southern extension which will run from Expo through the East Coast area, interchanging with the Thomson–East Coast line were announced for completion by 2024.[40][41] On 31 May 2017, LTA announced that Stage 3 of the Downtown line will commence operations on 21 October 2017.[42]

DTL3e was announced on 15 August 2014, in conjunction with the announcement of the Thomson–East Coast line.[43] Two stations, Xilin MRT station and Sungei Bedok MRT station, will be added to the Downtown Line, with Sungei Bedok as an interchange station with the Thomson–East Coast line. It will lengthen the line by 2.2 km (1.4 mi).[43] Expected to be completed in 2024, Stage 3e will join the current East West and future Thomson–East Coast lines that runs through Marine Parade.[44]

On 7 March 2019, Hume station was announced to be opened by 2025 to better serve Hillview residents.[5] An additional extension to the Downtown Line to Sungei Kadut station from Bukit Panjang station was announced on 25 May 2019 by the LTA. The extension is set to cut down travel time to the downtown area by up to 30 minutes for those living in the northwestern area of Singapore. The extension is expected to be completed by the mid-2030s. A study will also be conducted to determine the stops to be added between the Sungei Kadut and the existing Bukit Panjang stations.[6]

Notable incidents

A malfunction in the platform screen doors at Botanic Gardens resulted in trains bypassing the station and a seven-hour disruption on 3 May 2017. Downtown line operator SBS Transit said that the doors malfunctioned at 5.45am due to a signalling-related fault, and could not open automatically. The fault was rectified at 12.54pm and the platform reopened for passenger service, with the affected door remaining closed for repairs.[45]

Network and operations

Route

Geographically accurate map of the Downtown MRT line.

The Downtown line generally goes in an east-west direction from Bukit Panjang in the northwestern side of Singapore, through the downtown area of Singapore, to Tampines and the Singapore Expo in the east. It is 41.9 kilometres (26.0 mi) long and is entirely underground. Before Bukit Panjang station, there exists a brief northwards extension to the line's depot Gali Batu Depot. The line currently begins at the Bukit Panjang station[46] and then goes in the southeast direction, running parallel to Upper Bukit Timah Road and along the Bukit Timah Canal through Bukit Timah.[47] The line then enters the central area, passing through Little India station[48] before reaching the Central Business District via Bugis station.[49] The Downtown line runs parallel to the Circle line at the Promenade[50] and Bayfront stations.[51] Passing through the Downtown Core, the line interchanges with the North East line at Chinatown station.

After Chinatown station, the line goes in a northeast direction and under the Singapore River.[52] Between the Bencoolen and Jalan Besar stations, the line intersects itself, the first MRT line to do so.[53] After Geylang Bahru station, the line continues in a general eastwards direction,[54] through the industrial areas of Kampong Ubi and Kaki Bukit (briefly paralleling Ubi Avenue 2 and Kaki Bukit Avenue 1),[55] before continuing towards the Tampines Regional Centre and goes southwards, ending at Changi Business Park.[56] The DTL3 extension (DTL3e) from Expo station will extend the line further towards the Thomson–East Coast line at Sungei Bedok station.[57][58]

Stations

Active route map information system of Downtown line

Station number	Station name	Image	Interchange and notes
DT–  NS6	Sungei Kadut		Interchange with the North South line (mid 2030s)[59][60]
DT1 = BP6	Bukit Panjang		Connected to the Bukit Panjang LRT
DT2	Cashew
DT3	Hillview
DT4	Hume		Infill station (2025)
DT5	Beauty World
DT6	King Albert Park
DT7	Sixth Avenue
DT8	Tan Kah Kee
DT9  CC19	Botanic Gardens		Interchange with the Circle line
DT10  TE11	Stevens		Interchange with the Thomson–East Coast line (2021)
DT11 = NS21	Newton		Connected to the North South line
DT12  NE7	Little India		Interchange with the North East line
DT13	Rochor
DT14  EW12	Bugis		Interchange with the East West line
DT15  CC4	Promenade		Interchange with the Circle line
DT16  CE1	Bayfront		Cross-platform interchange with the Circle line
DT17	Downtown
DT18	Telok Ayer
DT19  NE4	Chinatown		Interchange with the North East line
DT20	Fort Canning
DT21	Bencoolen
DT22	Jalan Besar
DT23	Bendemeer
DT24	Geylang Bahru
DT25	Mattar
DT26  CC10	MacPherson		Interchange with the Circle line
DT27	Ubi
DT28	Kaki Bukit
DT29	Bedok North
DT30	Bedok Reservoir
DT31	Tampines West
DT32  EW2	Tampines		Connected to the East West line
DT33	Tampines East
DT34	Upper Changi
DT35  CG1	Expo		Interchange with the East West line's Changi Airport branch line Thomson–East Coast line (2040) Changi Branch Line will be converted to become part of TELe by 2040[59][60]
Downtown line extension (under construction, to be ready by 2024)
DT36	Xilin
DT37  TE31	Sungei Bedok		Interchange with the Thomson–East Coast line (2024)

Rolling stock

The Bombardier MOVIA C951 at Mattar MRT station

Currently, the Downtown line has one type of rolling stock, the Bombardier MOVIA C951 cars,[61] running in a three-car formation. They have been stabled at Gali Batu Depot since it opened with Stage 2 of the downtown line on 27 December 2015. For the period between the opening of Stage 1 and that of Stage 2, trains were stabled at a maintenance facility that was built at Marina Bay as part of the Circle line project. Kim Chuan Depot housed the Operations Control Centre for the Downtown Line Stage 1 until Gali Batu Depot was ready.[62]

On 12 October 2012, the first of 11 trains for the line arrived at Jurong Port. It was transported to Kim Chuan Depot to undergo testing by the LTA before it was handed over to SBS Transit.[63] As of 28 February 2013, Bombardier had delivered five of the 11 trains for Downtown line stage 1.[64] LTA together with the operator, SBS Transit, conducted the necessary tests to ensure safety standards, functional performance and systems compatibility requirements were met before revenue service began on 22 December 2013.[65]

Testing for Stage 2 began on 25 October 2015 and rolling stock that was delivered to Gali Batu Depot commenced service in Stage 1 on 21 October 2015. Kim Chuan Depot, together with the adjacent Tai Seng Facility Building, operated in a minor capacity until Stage 3 opened. A new depot, named the East Coast Integrated Depot, is planned to provide additional stabling capacity to the line in 2024.[66] Testing on the integration of systems of Stage 3 and the rest of the line started from 14 May 2017 till 27 August 2017.[67]

Train control

The Downtown line is equipped with Siemens (previously Invensys before Siemens acquisition) Trainguard Sirius Communications-based train control (CBTC) moving block signalling system with Automatic train control (ATC) under Automatic train operation (ATO) GoA 4 (UTO).[68] The subsystems consist of Automatic train protection (ATP) to govern train speed, Controlguide Rail 9000 Automatic Train Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains and Trackguard Westrace MK2 Computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that prevents incorrect signal and track points to be set.[69][70]

A fall-back signalling system, relying on conventional track-circuit occupancy detection, is included to ensure fully automatic operation and train protection independent of the radio system.

Platform screen doors by Faiveley[71] provide safety for passengers, offering protection from arriving and departing trains.[72]

References

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External links

• Downtown Line
• Downtown Line Construction

• The Downtown Line - A commemorative book by LTA detailing the construction of the DTL