List of the Cenozoic life of South Carolina

This list of the Cenozoic life of South Carolina contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of South Carolina and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

A
  • †Abra
    • †Abra aequalis
    • †Abra angulata
  • Shell of an Acanthocardia cockle
    Acanthocardia
    • †Acanthocardia claibornense
  • Acteocina
    • †Acteocina canaliculata
  • Acteon
    • †Acteon elegans
    • †Acteon idoneus
    • †Acteon pomilius
  • †Adeorbis
  • Fossilized shell of the Early Cretaceous-Oligocene turtle Adocus
    †Adocus
  • Aequipecten
  • Agaronia
    • †Agaronia alabamensis
    • †Agaronia bombylis
  • Agassizia
    • †Agassizia inflata
    • †Agassizia wilmingtonica
  • †Aglyptorhynchus
  • †Agomphus
    • †Agomphus alabamensis – or unidentified related form
    • †Agomphus pectoralis
  • †Agorophius
    • †Agorophius pygmaeus
  • Aligena
    • †Aligena aequata
    • †Aligena elevata
  • Alligator
    • A living Alligator mississippiensis, or American alligator
      †Alligator mississippiensis
  • †Alopecias
    • †Alopecias grandis
  • Alopias
    • †Alopias vulpinus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Altrix
    • †Altrix altior
  • †Amalthea
  • Ammonia
    • †Ammonia beccarii
    • †Ammonia sobrinus
  • Amphistegina
    • †Amphistegina gibbosa
  • Amusium
    • †Amusium mortoni – type locality for species
  • Anachis
    • †Anachis avara
  • Anadara
  • Anatina
    • †Anatina anatina
  • Ancilla
    • †Ancilla ancillops
    • †Ancilla scamba
    • †Ancilla staminea
  • Angaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
    • †Angaria crassa
  • Angulogerina
    • †Angulogerina occidentalis
  • Angulus
    • †Angulus texanus
  • †Anomalina
    • †Anomalina pliocenica – or unidentified comparable form
  • Anomia
  • A shell of an Antalis tusk shell
    Antalis
    • †Antalis minutistriatum
  • Antigona
  • †Araloselachus
    • †Araloselachus cuspidata
  • Arbacia
    • †Arbacia improcera
  • Arca
  • †Archaeodelphis – type locality for genus
    • †Archaeodelphis patrius – type locality for species
  • A living Architectonica staircase shell sea snail
    Architectonica
    • †Architectonica alveatum
    • †Architectonica amoena
    • †Architectonica nobilis
    • †Architectonica texcarolina
  • Arcinella
  • Arcopagia
    • †Arcopagia raveneli
    • †Arcopagia trumani
  • Arcoperna
  • Arcopsis
    • †Arcopsis adamsi
  • Arcoscalpellum
  • Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale
    †Arctodus
    • †Arctodus pristinus
  • Argopecten
  • Argyrotheca
    • †Argyrotheca laevis – type locality for species
    • †Argyrotheca quadrata
  • Artena
    • †Artena undulata
  • †Ashleycetus – type locality for genus
    • †Ashleycetus planicapitis – type locality for species
  • †Ashleychelys – type locality for genus
    • †Ashleychelys palmeri – type locality for species
  • †Aspideretoides
    • †Aspideretoides virginianus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Shell of a modern Astarte bivalve
    Astarte
    • †Astarte concentrica
    • †Astarte floridana
    • †Astarte radians
    • †Astarte undulata
    • †Astarte vaughani
  • Astyris
  • Athleta
    • †Athleta cormacki – tentative report
    • †Athleta petrosa
    • †Athleta petrosus
  • Atrina
  • Restoration of the Paleocene-Miocene nautiloid cephalopod Aturia
    †Aturia
    • †Aturia alabamensis
    • †Aturia laticlava – or unidentified comparable form
  • Aulacomya
  • †Axiopsis
    • †Axiopsis eximia – type locality for species

B

C
  • Cadulus
    • †Cadulus thallus
  • Caecum
  • Caestocorbula
    • †Caestocorbula wailesiana
  • A living Calliostoma top sea snail
    Calliostoma
    • †Calliostoma aphelium – or unidentified comparable form
  • Callista
    • †Callista aequora
    • †Callista alta
    • †Callista neusensis
    • †Callista perovata
  • Callucina
    • †Callucina keenae
  • †Calorhadia
    • †Calorhadia aequalis
    • †Calorhadia bella
    • †Calorhadia pharcida
    • †Calorhadia semen
  • Calotrophon
  • Calyptraea
  • †Calyptraphorus
    • †Calyptraphorus jacksoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • Cancellaria
    • †Cancellaria reticulata
  • Canis
    • †Canis armbrusteri
    • Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf
      †Canis dirus
  • Carcharhinus
    • †Carcharhinus gibbesi
  • Carcharias
    • †Carcharias hopei
    • †Carcharias macrotus
  • Carcharodon
    • †Carcharodon hastalis
    • †Carcharodon orientalis
  • Cardita
    • †Cardita gunteri
  • Carditamera
    • †Carditamera arata
    • †Carditamera floridana
  • Cardium
    • †Cardium sublineatum
  • †Caricella
    • †Caricella pyruloides
  • †Carolia
    • †Carolia floridana
  • †Carolinacetus – type locality for genus
    • †Carolinacetus gingerichi – type locality for species
  • †Carolinachelys
    • †Carolinachelys wilsoni
  • †Carolinapecten
    • †Carolinapecten eboreus
  • Caryocorbula
    • †Caryocorbula caribaea
    • †Caryocorbula contracta
    • †Caryocorbula densata
  • Cassidulina
    • †Cassidulina caribeana
    • †Cassidulina subglobosa
  • Castor
    • †Castor canadensis
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene giant beaver Castoroides
    †Castoroides
    • †Castoroides leiseyorum
    • †Castoroides ohioensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Cavilinga
    • †Cavilinga trisulcata
    • †Cavilinga trisulcatus
  • Cerithiella – tentative report
    • †Cerithiella bicostellata
  • Cerithiopsis
    • †Cerithiopsis emersonii
  • Cerithium – tentative report
    • †Cerithium siliceum
  • †Cervalces
  • Cervus
    • †Cervus elaphus
  • †Ceterhinops – type locality for genus
    • †Ceterhinops longifrons – type locality for species
  • Chama
    • †Chama congregata
    • †Chama corticosa
    • †Chama gardnerae
    • †Chama monroensis
    • †Chama radians
    • †Chama richardsi
  • Cheilea
  • Chelydra
    • A living Chelydra serpentina, or common snapping turtle
      †Chelydra serpentina
  • †Chesaconcavus
    • †Chesaconcavus belgradensis – type locality for species
  • †Chesapecten
  • †Chiasmolithus
    • †Chiasmolithus bidens
  • Chicoreus
    • †Chicoreus floridanus
  • Chione
  • Chionopsis
    • †Chionopsis intapurpurea
  • Chlamys
    • †Chlamys biddleana
    • †Chlamys burlesonensis
    • †Chlamys cawcawensis
    • †Chlamys cocoana – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Chlamys cookei
    • †Chlamys decemnarius
    • †Chlamys deshayesii
    • †Chlamys membranosa
    • †Chlamys membranosus
    • †Chlamys solarioides
    • †Chlamys wahtubbeana
    • †Chlamys wahtubbeanus
  • Skull
    †Choneziphius
    • †Choneziphius chonops – type locality for species
    • †Choneziphius liops – type locality for species
    • †Choneziphius macrops – type locality for species
    • †Choneziphius trachops – type locality for species
  • Choristodon
    • †Choristodon robustus
  • Chrysemys
    • †Chrysemys floridana
    • †Chrysemys scripta
  • †Chrysocetus – type locality for genus
    • †Chrysocetus healyorum – type locality for species
  • Cibicides
    • †Cibicides floridanus
  • Shell and spines of a Cidaris sea urchin
    Cidaris
    • †Cidaris pratti
  • Cinctura
  • †Cirostrema
    • †Cirostrema nassulum – or unidentified comparable form
  • Cirsotrema
    • †Cirsotrema spillmani
  • Cladocora
  • Clavilithes
    • †Clavilithes abruptus
  • Clavus
    • †Clavus lapenotieri – or unidentified related form
  • Cliona
  • Closia
    • †Closia semen
  • Electron micrograph of a Coccolithus alga
    Coccolithus
    • †Coccolithus pelagicus
  • Cochlespira
    • †Cochlespira bella
  • †Cochlespirella
    • †Cochlespirella nana
  • Cochliolepis
    • †Cochliolepis holmesi
    • †Cochliolepis parasitica
  • Coelopleurus
    • †Coelopleurus infulatus
  • Coluber – or unidentified comparable form
  • Columbellopsis
    • †Columbellopsis mississippiensis
  • Concavus
  • Conomitra
    • †Conomitra texana
  • †Conosaurops – type locality for genus
    • †Conosaurops bowmani – type locality for species
  • †Conradostrea
    • †Conradostrea sculpturata
  • Conus
    • †Conus adversarius
    • †Conus cormacki
    • Shell in multiple views of a Conasprella delessertii (formerly Conus delessertii), or Sozon's cone sea snail
      †Conus delessertii
    • †Conus jaspideus
    • †Conus marylandicus
    • †Conus sauridens
    • †Conus smithvillensis
  • Coralliophila
    • †Coralliophila leonensis
  • Corbicula
    • †Corbicula densata
  • Corbula
    • †Corbula alabamiensis
    • †Corbula chipolana – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Corbula extenuata
    • †Corbula fossata
    • †Corbula inaequalis
  • †Coronia
    • †Coronia carodenta
    • †Coronia childreni
    • †Coronia ludocarola
  • †Coronodon – type locality for genus
    • †Coronodon havensteini – type locality for species
  • †Costaglycymeris
    • †Costaglycymeris subovata
  • †Cotylocara – type locality for genus
    • †Cotylocara macei – type locality for species
  • †Coupatezia
    • †Coupatezia woutersi
  • Crassatella
    • †Crassatella alta
    • †Crassatella eutawacolens
    • †Crassatella eutawcolens
    • †Crassatella negreetensis
    • †Crassatella rhomboidea
    • †Crassatella texalta
    • †Crassatella texana
    • †Crassatella wilcoxi
    • †Crassatella willcoxi
  • Crassinella
  • Fossilized shell of the Cretaceous-modern oyster Crassostrea
    Crassostrea
    • †Crassostrea virginica
  • †Crenatosiren
    • †Crenatosiren olseni
  • Crepidula
  • Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna
    †Cretolamna
    • †Cretolamna appendiculata
  • Crucibulum
    • †Crucibulum scutellatum
  • Cryptonatica
    • †Cryptonatica platabasis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Ctena
    • †Ctena speciosa
  • †Cubitostrea
    • †Cubitostrea divaricata
    • †Cubitostrea lisbonensis
    • †Cubitostrea sellaeformis
  • Cucullaea
    • †Cucullaea transversa
  • Cumingia
    • †Cumingia keittensis
    • †Cumingia tellinoides
  • Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene elephant relative Cuvieronius
    †Cuvieronius
  • †Cyclagelosphaera
  • Cyclocardia
    • †Cyclocardia granulata
  • Cyclostremiscus
    • †Cyclostremiscus exacuus
  • †Cyclostremsicus
    • †Cyclostremsicus obliquestriatus
  • †Cyclotomodon – type locality for genus
    • †Cyclotomodon vagrans – type locality for species
  • Cylichna
    • †Cylichna acrotoma
  • Cymbovula
  • Multiple views of a shell of a Cypraea cowrie sea snail
    Cypraea
  • †Cypraeorbis
    • †Cypraeorbis alabamensis
  • Cythara
  • Cytherea
    • †Cytherea aequora

D
  • Daphnella
    • †Daphnella imperita
  • Dasyatis
    • †Dasyatis cavernosa
    • †Dasyatis rugosa
  • Dasypus
  • Democrinus
  • Dendraster
  • Dentalium
    • †Dentalium attenuatum
    • †Dentalium minutistriatum
  • Dentimargo
  • †Dhondtichlamys
    • †Dhondtichlamys greggi – or unidentified related form
  • Dinocardium
    • †Dinocardium palmerae
    • †Dinocardium robustum
  • †Dinoziphius
    • †Dinoziphius carolinensis – type locality for species
  • Diodon
    • †Diodon vetus
  • Diodora
    • †Diodora auroraensis
    • †Diodora cattilliformis
    • Shells of Diodora cayenensis, or Cayenne keyhole limpet
      †Diodora cayenensis
    • †Diodora pamlicoensis
    • †Diodora tenebrosa
  • †Dioplotherium – type locality for genus
    • †Dioplotherium manigaulti – type locality for species
  • Diplodonta
  • Discinisca
    • †Discinisca lugubris
  • Electron micrograph of a Discoaster alga
    †Discoaster
    • †Discoaster multiradiatus
    • †Discoaster salisburgenesis
  • Discoporella
    • †Discoporella denticulata
  • Discorbis
    • †Discorbis columbiensis
    • †Discorbis consobrina
    • †Discorbis floridensis
  • Disporella
    • †Disporella denticulata
  • Divalinga
    • †Divalinga quadrisulcata
    • †Divalinga quadrisulcatus
  • Donax
  • Life restoration of the Eocene whaleDorudon
    †Dorudon – type locality for genus
    • †Dorudon serratus – type locality for species
  • Dosinia
    • †Dosinia acetabulum
    • †Dosinia chipolana – or unidentified comparable form
  • Dosinidia
    • †Dosinidia elegans
  • Dyocibicides
    • †Dyocibicides biserialis

E
  • †Eboroziphius – type locality for genus
    • †Eboroziphius coelops – type locality for species
  • †Eburneopecten
    • †Eburneopecten calvatus
    • †Eburneopecten scintillatus
  • Echinocardium
    • †Echinocardium gothicus
    • †Echinocardium orthonotum
  • †Echovenator – type locality for genus
    • †Echovenator sandersi – type locality for species
  • Illustration of a fossilized shell of the Eocene-Pliocene murex sea snail Ecphora
    †Ecphora
    • †Ecphora bradleyae
    • †Ecphora quadricostata
  • †Ectoganus
    • †Ectoganus gliriformis
    • †Ectoganus lobdelli
  • Elaphe – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ellipsolithus
    • †Ellipsolithus distichus
    • †Ellipsolithus macellus
  • Elphidium
    • †Elphidium australis – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Elphidium delicatulum
    • †Elphidium discoidale
    • †Elphidium fimbriatulum
    • †Elphidium gunteri
    • †Elphidium incertum
    • †Elphidium latispatium – or unidentified comparable form
  • Encope
    • †Encope emarginata
    • †Encope macrophora
  • Endopachys
    • †Endopachys maclurii
  • Interior of the shell of an Ensis, or razor clam
    Ensis
  • †Eomysticetus – type locality for genus
    • †Eomysticetus carolinensis – type locality for species
    • †Eomysticetus whitmorei – type locality for species
  • Eontia
    • †Eontia ponderosa
  • †Eophysema
    • †Eophysema ozarkana – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Eopleurotoma
    • †Eopleurotoma carya
    • †Eopleurotoma orangeburgensis
    • †Eopleurotoma plumbella
    • †Eopleurotoma politica
  • †Eosurcula
    • †Eosurcula pulcherrima
    • †Eosurcula quadriplenta
  • †Eotorpedo
    • †Eotorpedo hilgendorfi
  • Episcynia
    • †Episcynia inornata
  • Epistominella
    • †Epistominella pontoni
  • Shell of an Epitonium wentletrap sea snail
    Epitonium
    • †Epitonium angulatum
    • †Epitonium candeanum
    • †Epitonium chamberlaini
    • †Epitonium charlestonense
    • †Epitonium cooperense
    • †Epitonium duplinianum
    • †Epitonium humphreysi – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Epitonium humphreysii
    • †Epitonium lamellosum
    • †Epitonium multistriatum
    • †Epitonium rupicola
  • Eponides
    • †Eponides repandus
  • Equus
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Eremotherium
    †Eremotherium
    • †Eremotherium laurillardi
  • Erethizon
    • †Erethizon dorsatum
  • Erignathus
    • †Erignathus barbatus
  • Ervilia
    • †Ervilia concentrica
    • †Ervilia lata
    • †Ervilia polita
  • Erycina
    • †Erycina carolinensis
  • Eucrassatella
  • Eupatagus
  • Eupleura
  • †Eurhodia
    • †Eurhodia baumi
    • †Eurhodia holmesi
    • †Eurhodia holmesii
    • †Eurhodia rugosa
  • Eurytellina
    • †Eurytellina alternata
    • †Eurytellina papyria
  • †Euscalpellum
    • †Euscalpellum carolinensis – type locality for species
    • †Euscalpellum wheeleri – type locality for species
  • Shell of a Euspira moon sea snail
    Euspira
    • †Euspira aldrichi
    • †Euspira heros
    • †Euspira interna
    • †Euspira marylandica
    • †Euspira sayana
  • †Eutrephoceras
    • †Eutrephoceras carolinense
    • †Eutrephoceras carolinensis
    • †Eutrephoceras sloani
  • Evalea
    • †Evalea melanella

F
  • †Fasciculithus
    • †Fasciculithus tympaniformis
  • Fasciolaria
  • †Ficopsis
    • †Ficopsis penita
    • †Ficopsis texana
  • Ficus
    • †Ficus affinis
    • †Ficus jacksonensis
  • Finella
  • Flabellum
    • †Flabellum cuneiformis
  • Fusimitra
    • †Fusimitra perexilis
  • Fusinus
    • †Fusinus abruptus
    • †Fusinus equalis
    • †Fusinus irrasus
    • †Fusinus limulus
    • †Fusinus magnocostatus
  • †Fusoficula
    • †Fusoficula texana

G

H
  • †Haimesiastraea
    • †Haimesiastraea conferta
  • Halichoerus – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Halichoerus grypus
  • Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene manatee relative Halitherium
    †Halitherium
    • †Halitherium alleni – type locality for species
  • †Halonanus
    • †Halonanus declivis
  • Hanzawaia
    • †Hanzawaia concentrica
  • Hastula – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
    • †Hastula venusta
  • Haustator
    • †Haustator carinata
    • †Haustator rina
  • Fossilized lower jaw of the Miocene-Pleistocene llama relative Hemiauchenia
    †Hemiauchenia
    • †Hemiauchenia macrocephala
  • Hemimactra
    • †Hemimactra solidissima
  • Hemimetis
    • †Hemimetis magnoliana
  • Hemipristis
  • Here
    • †Here parawhitfieldi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Heterotorpedo
    • †Heterotorpedo fowleri
  • Hexaplex
    • †Hexaplex colei
  • Hiatella
  • Life restoration of the Pleistocene armadillo relative Holmesina with a human to scale
    †Holmesina
    • †Holmesina septentrionalis
  • †Hoplocetus
    • †Hoplocetus obesus – type locality for species
  • †Hornibrookina
    • †Hornibrookina arca
  • Horologica
    • †Horologica pupa
  • Hyotissa
    • †Hyotissa haitensis
  • †Hyposaurus

I

J
  • †Jacquhermania
    • †Jacquhermania duponti

K
  • Kalolophus
    • †Kalolophus antillarum
  • †Kapalmerella
    • †Kapalmerella arenicola
    • †Kapalmerella mortoni
  • †Keasius – tentative report
    • †Keasius parvus
  • A living Kinosternon, or mud turtle
    Kinosternon
  • †Kleidionella
    • †Kleidionella lobata
  • Kurtziella

L
  • †Labrodon
    • †Labrodon carolinensis
  • †Laevibuccinum
    • †Laevibuccinum prorsum
  • Laevicardium
  • Lamarckina
    • †Lamarckina atlantica
  • A modern Lamna mackerel shark
    Lamna
    • †Lamna obliqua
  • Latirus – tentative report
  • †Leiorhynus
    • †Leiorhynus prorutus
  • Leodia
  • Leptopecten
    • †Leptopecten leonensis
  • †Levifusus
    • †Levifusus mortonii
  • Lima
  • Living Limaria, or file shells
    Limaria
    • †Limaria carolinensis
  • Limatula
  • Limopsis
    • †Limopsis aviculoides – or unidentified related form
  • Linga
    • †Linga waccamawensis
  • †Linthia
    • †Linthia hanoverensis
    • †Linthia harmatuki
    • †Linthia wilmingtonensis
  • Illustration of the shell of a Liotia sea snail
    Liotia
    • †Liotia major – or unidentified related form
  • †Lirodiscus
    • †Lirodiscus santeensis
    • †Lirodiscus smithvillensis
  • †Lirofusus
    • †Lirofusus thoracicus
  • Lirophora
  • Lithophaga
    • †Lithophaga claibornensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Litorhadia
    • †Litorhadia compsa
  • Littoraria
  • Lucina
  • Lucinisca
    • †Lucinisca cribrarius
  • Lunularia
    • †Lunularia distans
  • Lynx
    • A living Lynx rufus, or bobcat
      †Lynx rufus
  • Lyria
  • †Lyrischapa

M
  • Macoma
  • Macrocallista
  • Mactra
  • Mactrotoma
    • †Mactrotoma fragilis
  • Malaclemys
    • †Malaclemys terrapin
  • †Mammut
    • Restoration of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon
      †Mammut americanum
  • †Mammuthus
    • †Mammuthus columbi – or unidentified comparable form
  • Manta
    • †Manta fragilis
  • Maretia
    • †Maretia subrostrata
  • Marginella
    • †Marginella semen
  • Martesia
    • †Martesia cuneiformis
  • †Marvacrassatella
  • †Mathilda
    • †Mathilda retisculpta
  • †Mauricia
    • †Mauricia houstonia
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx
    †Megalonyx
    • †Megalonyx jeffersonii
  • Meiocardia
    • †Meiocardia carolinae
  • Melampus
  • Melanella
  • Mellita
    • †Mellita carolinana
    • †Mellita quinquesperforata
  • Menippe – tentative report
  • Mercenaria
    • †Mercenaria campechiensis
    • †Mercenaria corrugata
    • †Mercenaria mercenaria
  • †Mercimonia – tentative report
    • †Mercimonia mercenaroidea
  • Merisca
    • †Merisca aequistriata
  • Mesalia
    • †Mesalia allentonensis
    • †Mesalia claibornensis
    • †Mesalia gomin
    • †Mesalia obruta
  • Mesodesma
    • †Mesodesma concentrica
  • Metalia
    • †Metalia raveneliana
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene manatee relative Metaxytherium
    †Metaxytherium
    • †Metaxytherium albifontanum
  • Metis – tentative report
    • †Metis eutawensis
  • Microdrillia
    • †Microdrillia citrona
  • †Micromysticetus – type locality for genus
    • †Micromysticetus rothauseni – type locality for species
  • †Mingotherium
    • †Mingotherium holtae – type locality for species
  • Restoration of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Miracinonyx, or American cheetah
    †Miracinonyx
    • †Miracinonyx inexpectatus
  • Mitrella
    • †Mitrella bastropensis
    • †Mitrella bucciniformis
    • †Mitrella casteri
    • †Mitrella lunulata
  • Mnestia
    • †Mnestia dekayi
  • A living Mobula
    Mobula
    • †Mobula loupianensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Modiolus
    • †Modiolus cawcawensis
    • †Modiolus gigas
  • Moerella
  • Mulinia
  • Murex
    • †Murex engonata
  • Murexiella
    • †Murexiella glypta
    • †Murexiella macgintyi
    • †Murexiella petiti – type locality for species
    • †Murexiella shilohensis
  • †Murotriton
    • †Murotriton mcglameriae
  • †Mya
    • †Mya arenaria
  • Myliobatis
    • †Myliobatis gigas
    • †Myliobatis magister
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus
    †Mylohyus
    • †Mylohyus fossilis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Mysella
    • †Mysella velaini
  • Mytilus
    • †Mytilus conradinus

N
  • †Nanosiren – tentative report
  • A living Nassarius, or nassa mud snail
    Nassarius
    • †Nassarius acutus
    • †Nassarius floridana
    • †Nassarius quadrulatus
    • †Nassarius vibex
  • Natica
    • †Natica pusila
  • Naticarius
    • †Naticarius semilunata
  • †Nayadina
  • Nebrius
  • Nemocardium
  • †Neochoerus
  • Neofiber
    • †Neofiber alleni
    • †Neofiber diluvianus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Neomonachus
    • Illustration of the recently extinct Neomonachus tropicalis, or Caribbean monk seal
      †Neomonachus tropicalis
  • †Neuconorbina
    • †Neuconorbina terquemi
  • Neverita
    • †Neverita duplicatus
  • Nodipecten
    • †Nodipecten collierensis
  • Noetia
    • †Noetia incile
    • †Noetia limula
    • †Noetia trigintinaria
  • Nonion
  • Nonionella
    • †Nonionella atlantica
  • Notidanus
    • †Notidanus primigenius
  • Interior of a fossilized shell of the Early Ordovician-modern marine bivalve Nucula
    Nucula
    • †Nucula magnifica
    • †Nucula mauricensis
    • †Nucula ovalis
    • †Nucula ovula
    • †Nucula proxima
    • †Nucula ripae
    • †Nucula sphenopsis
  • Nuculana
    • †Nuculana acuta
    • †Nuculana calcarensis
    • †Nuculana carolinensis
    • †Nuculana flexuosa – or unidentified related form
    • †Nuculana kittensis
    • †Nuculana magnopsis
    • †Nuculana subtrigona
    • †Nuculana trochila
    • †Nuculana trumani
    • †Nuculana vanuxemi

O
  • Oculina
    • †Oculina wagneriana
  • Odobenus
    • A living Odobenus rosmarus, or walrus
      †Odobenus rosmarus
  • Odocoileus
    • †Odocoileus virginianus
  • †Odontapsis
  • Odostomia
  • Oliva
    • †Oliva canaliculata
    • †Oliva carolinae
    • †Oliva carolinensis
    • †Oliva sayana
  • Olivella
  • †Ontocetus
    • †Ontocetus emmonsi
  • Fossil of the Permian-modern crustacean burrow ichnogenus Ophiomorpha
    †Ophiomorpha
  • Orthoyoldia
    • †Orthoyoldia claibornensis
    • †Orthoyoldia psammotaea
  • †Osteopygis
    • †Osteopygis emarginatus
  • Ostrea
    • †Ostrea arrosis
    • †Ostrea carolinensis
    • †Ostrea compressirostrea
    • †Ostrea disparilis
    • †Ostrea locklini
    • †Ostrea ludoviciana
    • †Ostrea normalis
  • †Otodus
    • †Otodus angustidens
    • Diagram illustrating the largest (grey) and most conservative (red) size estimates of the Miocene-Pliocene shark Carcharocles megalodon (sometimes Carcharodon or Otodus megalodon) with a whale shark (violet), great white shark (green), and anachronistic human (black) to scale
      †Otodus megalodon
  • †Oxyrhina
    • †Oxyrhina praecursor
    • †Oxyrhina retroflexa

P
  • †Pachecoa
    • †Pachecoa cainei
    • †Pachecoa decisa
    • †Pachecoa ellipsis
    • †Pachecoa ledoides
    • †Pachecoa pulchra
  • †Pachyarmatherium
    • †Pachyarmatherium leiseyi
  • †Palaeochenoides – tentative report
    • †Palaeochenoides mioceanus
  • †Palaeohypotodus
    • †Palaeohypotodus rutoti
  • †Palaeolama
    • †Palaeolama mirifica
  • Restoration of the Cretaceous-Eocene sea snake Palaeophis
    †Palaeophis
  • Pandora
    • †Pandora trilineata
  • Panopea
    • †Panopea reflexa
  • Panthera
    • †Panthera leo
    • †Panthera onca
  • Paracyathus
    • †Paracyathus vaughani
  • Paradentalium
    • †Paradentalium disparile – or unidentified related form
  • †Paramya
    • †Paramya subovata
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon
    †Paramylodon
    • †Paramylodon harlani – or unidentified comparable form
  • Parasmittina
    • †Parasmittina trispinosa
  • Parvanachis
  • Parvilucina
    • †Parvilucina costata
    • †Parvilucina crenella
    • †Parvilucina crenulata
    • †Parvilucina multilineatus
    • †Parvilucina multistriata
    • †Parvilucina piluliformis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Pecchiola
    • †Pecchiola dalliana
  • Pecten
    • †Pecten acanikos
    • †Pecten elixatus
    • †Pecten hemicyclicus
  • †Pectinucula
    • †Pectinucula ripae
  • Life restoration of the Oligocene-Pleistocene false-toothed bird Pelagornis
    †Pelagornis
  • Penion
    • †Penion bellus
  • †Peratotoma
    • †Peratotoma insignifica
  • †Periarchus
    • †Periarchus lyelli
  • Periploma
    • †Periploma collardi
    • †Periploma inequale
  • Petaloconchus
    • †Petaloconchus graniferus
    • †Petaloconchus sculpturatus
  • Petricola
    • †Petricola lata
    • †Petricola pholadiformis
  • Phacoides
    • †Phacoides alveatus
    • †Phacoides contractus
  • Phalium
  • A living Phoca earless seal
    Phoca
    • †Phoca debilis – type locality for species
    • †Phoca modesta – type locality for species
  • Pholadomya
    • †Pholadomya harrisi
  • Pholas
    • †Pholas campechiensis
    • †Pholas turgidus
  • Phos
    • †Phos sagenum
    • †Phos sagenus
    • †Phos sloani
  • Phyllonotus
  • Physa
    • †Physa meigsii – or unidentified related form
  • A living Physeter macrocephalus, or sperm whale
    Physeter
    • †Physeter antiquus – type locality for species
  • †Physogaleus
  • Pinna
  • Pitar
    • †Pitar chioneformis
    • †Pitar morrhuanus
    • †Pitar ovatus
    • †Pitar poulsoni
    • †Pitar trigoniata
  • Placopecten
  • Placunanomia
    • †Placunanomia burnsi
    • †Placunanomia plicata
  • †Plagiarca
    • †Plagiarca rhomboidell
    • †Plagiarca rhomboidella
  • †Planicardium
    • †Planicardium acutilaqueatum
  • Illustration in multiple views of a shell of a Planorbis freshwater ram's horn snail
    Planorbis
  • Planorbulina
    • †Planorbulina mediterraneansis
  • Planulina
    • †Planulina exorna
    • †Planulina faveolata
  • Platytrochus
    • †Platytrochus stokesi
  • Pleuromeris
  • Pleurotomaria
  • †Plicatoria
    • †Plicatoria parva – type locality for species
    • †Plicatoria wilmingtonensis
  • Plicatula
  • †Plinthicus
    • †Plinthicus stenodon
  • Polinices
    • †Polinices eminulus
  • Polymesoda
  • Poroeponides
    • †Poroeponides lateralis
  • †Prinsius
    • †Prinsius bisulcus
  • A taxidermied Prionodon, or Asiatic linsang
    †Prionodon
    • †Prionodon carolinensis – type locality for species
    • †Prionodon egertoni
  • †Priscosiren
    • †Priscosiren atlantica
  • Pristis
  • †Probolarina
    • †Probolarina holmesi
    • †Probolarina holmesii
    • †Probolarina salpinx
    • †Probolarina transversa – type locality for species
  • †Procharodon
  • †Procolpochelys
    • †Procolpochelys charlestonensis – type locality for species
  • Procyon
    • A living Procyon lotor, or raccoon
      †Procyon lotor
  • †Propinnotheroides – type locality for genus
    • †Propinnotheroides orangeburgensis – type locality for species
  • †Protoscutella
    • †Protoscutella conradi
    • †Protoscutella mississippiensis
    • †Protoscutella plana
  • †Protosiren
  • Prunum
  • Psammechinus
    • †Psammechinus philanthropus
  • Hypothetical restoration of the Oligocene-Pliocene sea turtle Psephophorus
    †Psephophorus
  • Pseudochama
    • †Pseudochama corticosa
  • Pseudoliva
    • †Pseudoliva vetusta
  • Pseudorca
    • †Pseudorca crassidens
  • Pteria
  • Pteromeris
  • †Pteropsella
    • †Pteropsella lapidosa
  • Puellina
    • †Puellina radiata
  • A living Puma
    †Puma
    • †Puma concolor
  • Puncturella
  • Pusula
  • Pycnodonte
    • †Pycnodonte trigonalis
    • †Pycnodonte vicksburgensis
  • Pyramidella
    • †Pyramidella chavani
    • †Pyramidella crenuata
    • †Pyramidella propeacicula
    • †Pyramidella suturalis
  • Pyrgo
  • Pyrulina
    • †Pyrulina albatrossi

Q
  • †Quadrans
    • †Quadrans lintea
  • Shell of a Quinqueloculina foraminiferan
    Quinqueloculina
    • †Quinqueloculina compta
    • †Quinqueloculina funafutiensis
    • †Quinqueloculina lamarckiana
    • †Quinqueloculina lamarkiana
    • †Quinqueloculina sabulosa
    • †Quinqueloculina seminulum
  • †Quinquerugatus
    • †Quinquerugatus holthuisi

R
  • Radiolucina
    • †Radiolucina amianta
    • †Radiolucina aminata
    • †Radiolucina tuomeyi
  • Raeta
    • †Raeta plicatella
  • Raja
    • †Raja mccollumi – type locality for species
  • Rangia
  • Rangifer
    • A living Rangifer tarandus, or reindeer
      †Rangifer tarandus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Ranina
  • Raphitoma
    • †Raphitoma carla
    • †Raphitoma carolia
    • †Raphitoma stantoni
    • †Raphitoma tabulatum
  • †Recurvaster
  • Retusa
  • Reussella
    • †Reussella spinulosa – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Rhabdopitaria
    • †Rhabdopitaria discoidalis
  • A living Rhincodon, or whale shark
    Rhincodon
    • †Rhincodon typus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Rhinobatos
    • †Rhinobatos bruxelliensis
    • †Rhinobatos lentiginosus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Rhinoptera
    • †Rhinoptera bonasus – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Rhinoptera dubia
    • †Rhinoptera studeri – or unidentified comparable form
  • Rhizoprionodon
    • †Rhizoprionodon teraenovae – or unidentified comparable form
  • A living Rhynchobatus, or wedgefish
    Rhynchobatus
    • †Rhynchobatus pristinus
  • Rhyncholampas
  • Robulus
    • †Robulus americanus
  • Rosalina
    • †Rosalina columbiensis
  • Rostellaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
    • †Rostellaria bullata
    • †Rostellaria conus
    • †Rostellaria filiformis
    • †Rostellaria minor
    • †Rostellaria rudis

S
  • †Santeelampas
    • †Santeelampas oviformis
  • †Santeevoluta
    • †Santeevoluta wilmingtonensis
  • Sassia
    • †Sassia septemdentata
  • †Saurocetus – type locality for genus
    • †Saurocetus gibbesii – type locality for species
  • Sayella
  • Scalina
    • †Scalina trapaquara
  • Scapharca
    • †Scapharca brasiliana
    • †Scapharca staminata
  • Scaphella
  • Schizoporella
  • Scobinella
    • †Scobinella ferrosilica
    • †Scobinella nassiformis
  • Sconsia
    • †Sconsia hodgii
  • Group of living Scyliorhinus catsharks
    Scyliorhinus – tentative report
  • Seila
  • Semele
    • †Semele australina
    • †Semele bellastriata
    • †Semele carinata
    • †Semele linosa
    • †Semele pacifica
    • †Semele proficua
    • †Semele purpurascens
    • †Semele purpurescens
    • †Semele subovata
  • †Septastrea
    • †Septastrea crassa
    • †Septastrea marylandica
  • Serpulorbis
    • †Serpulorbis granifer
    • †Serpulorbis squamulosus
  • Sigatica
  • A living Sigmodon, or cotton rat
    Sigmodon
    • †Sigmodon bakeri
  • Sinum
    • †Sinum arctatum
    • †Sinum beatricae
    • †Sinum bilix
    • †Sinum chesapeakensis
    • †Sinum chipolanum – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Sinum declive
    • †Sinum inconstans
    • †Sinum perspectivum
  • Siphocypraea
    • †Siphocypraea carolinensis
  • Siphonina
    • †Siphonina pulchra
  • †Sismondia
    • †Sismondia plana
  • Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
    †Smilodon
    • †Smilodon fatalis
  • Solariella
    • †Solariella gemma
    • †Solariella tricostata
  • Solariorbis
    • †Solariorbis depressus
  • Solemya
    • †Solemya alabamensis
  • Solen
    • †Solen ensis
    • †Solen viridis
  • Solena
  • Solenosteira
  • †Spatangus
    • †Spatangus glenni
  • Sphyrna
    • †Sphyrna americana – type locality for species
    • †Sphyrna media – or unidentified comparable form
    • Smooth hammerhead
      †Sphyrna zygaena
  • Spirillina
    • †Spirillina decorata
  • Spisula
    • †Spisula decisa
    • †Spisula praetenuis
  • Spondylus
    • †Spondylus lamellacea
  • Sportella
    • †Sportella constricta
    • †Sportella protexta
  • Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene shark-toothed dolphin Squalodon
    †Squalodon
    • †Squalodon crassus – type locality for species
    • †Squalodon pelagius – type locality for species
    • †Squalodon tiedemani – type locality for species
  • Squatina
    • †Squatina angeloides – or unidentified comparable form
  • Stewartia
    • †Stewartia anodonta
  • Sthenorytis
    • †Sthenorytis subexpansum
  • Strigilla
    • †Strigilla mirabilis
  • Strioterebrum
    • †Strioterebrum concava
    • †Strioterebrum dislocata
    • †Strioterebrum dislocatum
  • Strombus
  • Subcancilla
    • †Subcancilla dalli – or unidentified related form
  • †Sulcocypraea
    • †Sulcocypraea kennedyi
    • †Sulcocypraea vaughani
  • Sveltella
    • †Sveltella parva
  • Sveltia
    • †Sveltia alveata
  • †Syllomus
  • A living Sylvilagus, or cottontail rabbit
    Sylvilagus

T
  • Tagelus
    • †Tagelus plebeius
  • A living Tapirus, or tapir
    Tapirus
  • Tectonatica
  • Teinostoma
  • Tellidora
    • †Tellidora cristata
  • Tellina
    • †Tellina declivis
    • †Tellina leana
    • †Tellina subequalis
    • †Tellina tallicheti
  • Tenagodus
    • †Tenagodus vitis
    • †Tenagodus vitus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Shell of a Terebra augur sea snail
    Terebra
    • †Terebra houstonia
    • †Terebra protexta
    • †Terebra tantula – or unidentified related form
    • †Terebra texagyra
  • †Terebraspira
    • †Terebraspira elegans
    • †Terebraspira sparrowi
  • Terebratulina
    • †Terebratulina lachryma
    • †Terebratulina wilsoni – type locality for species
  • †Terebrifusus
    • †Terebrifusus amoenus
  • †Teredina
    • †Teredina fistula
  • Teredo
    • †Teredo calamus
  • Terrapene
    • †Terrapene carolina
  • Textularia
    • †Textularia jurassica
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene gavial relative Thecachampsa
    †Thecachampsa
    • †Thecachampsa carolinensis – type locality for species
  • †Thoracosaurus
  • Thracia
    • †Thracia dalli
    • †Thracia magna
  • Timoclea
    • †Timoclea grus
  • Torcula
    • †Torcula variabilis
  • †Toweius
    • †Toweius pertusus
  • Trachycardium
  • Transennella
    • †Transennella carolinensis
    • †Transennella stimpsoni
  • A living Tremarctos, or spectacled bear
    Tremarctos
  • Triakis – tentative report
  • Trichechus
  • †Triforis
  • †Trigonarca
    • †Trigonarca corbuloides
  • Trigonostoma
    • †Trigonostoma aurorae
    • †Trigonostoma babylonicum
    • †Trigonostoma panones
    • †Trigonostoma pulcherrimum
  • †Trinacria
    • †Trinacria cuneus
  • A living Triplofusus papillosus, or Florida horse conch
    Triplofusus
    • †Triplofusus giganteus
  • Trivia
  • Trochammina
  • Trochita
    • †Trochita aperta
  • Trochus
    • †Trochus philantropus
  • †Tuba
    • †Tuba antiquata
  • Tucetona
    • †Tucetona arata
    • †Tucetona lamyi – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Tucetona pectinata
  • †Tupelocetus – type locality for genus[2]
    • †Tupelocetus palmeri – type locality for species[3]
  • Turbo – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
    • †Turbo biliratus
  • Turbonilla
  • Turricula
    • †Turricula polita
  • Shell in multiple views of a Turris sea snail
    Turris
    • †Turris desnoyersii
    • †Turris lerchi
    • †Turris lesueuri
    • †Turris lonsdalei
    • †Turris moorei
    • †Turris nodocarinata
    • †Turris nupera
    • †Turris prosseri
    • †Turris texanopsis
  • Fossilized shells of the Late Jurassic-modern tower snail Turritella
    Turritella
    • †Turritella alcida
    • †Turritella alticostata
    • †Turritella burdeni
    • †Turritella dutexata
    • †Turritella etiwanensis
    • †Turritella ghigna
    • †Turritella holmesi
    • †Turritella mcbeanensis
    • †Turritella mingoensis
    • †Turritella nasuta
    • †Turritella perexilis
    • †Turritella subanulata
    • †Turritella vaughani
  • Tursiops
    • A living Tursiops truncatus, or common bottlenose dolphin
      †Tursiops truncatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Tusciziphius
    • †Tusciziphius atlanticus
  • †Tympanonesiotes – type locality for genus
    • †Tympanonesiotes wetmorei – type locality for species
  • Typhis
    • †Typhis floridanus

U
  • †Unifascia
    • †Unifascia carolinensis
  • Urocyon
    • A living Urocyon cinereoargenteus, or gray fox
      †Urocyon cinereoargenteus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Urosalpinx

V
  • Valvulineria
  • Venericardia
    • †Venericardia bilineata
    • †Venericardia carolinensis
    • †Venericardia claiboplata
    • †Venericardia claviger
    • †Venericardia eutawcolens
    • †Venericardia klimacodes
    • †Venericardia mingoensis
    • †Venericardia planicosta
    • †Venericardia rotunda
    • †Venericardia subquadrata
    • †Venericardia subrotunda
    • †Venericardia vigintinaria
  • †Verericardia
  • Vermicularia
  • Verticordia
    • †Verticordia emmonsi
  • Vexillum
  • Leaves and fruit of a living Vitis, or grapevine
    Vitis
  • Voluta
    • †Voluta mutabilis
  • †Voluticella
    • †Voluticella levensis
  • Volutifusus
    • †Volutifusus mutabilis

X

Y

Z
  • †Zanthopsis – tentative report
  • †Zygodiscus
    • †Zygodiscus herlyni
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References
  1. David J. Cicimurri; James L. Knight (2019). "Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA". PaleoBios. 36: ucmp_paleobios_43964.
  2. Matthew L. Gibson; John Mnieckowski; Jonathan H. Geisler (2019). "Tupelocetus palmeri, a new species of protocetid whale (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene of South Carolina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (6): e1555165. doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1555165.
  3. Matthew L. Gibson; John Mnieckowski; Jonathan H. Geisler (2019). "Tupelocetus palmeri, a new species of protocetid whale (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene of South Carolina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (6): e1555165. doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1555165.
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