Pyramidella

Pyramidella is a genus of minute to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.[1]

Pyramidella
Two views of a shell of Pyramidella acus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Subcohort: Panpulmonata
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Family: Pyramidellidae
Genus: Pyramidella
Lamarck, 1799
Type species
Trochus dolabratus
Linnaeus, C., 1758
Synonyms[1]
  • Obeliscus Anonymus , 1797 = Obeliscus Gray, 1847
  • Plotia Röding, 1798 (Invalid: placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Names by ICZN Opinion 386.)
  • Urambella Laseron, 1959

Pyramidella is the type genus of the family Pyramidellidae.[2]

Nomenclature

The generic name Pyramidella Lamarck, 1799, has been validated under the Plenary Powers of the ICZN , Opinion 386 (1955). The name Obeliscus Anonymus, 1797 [= Obeliscus Gray, 1847] has also been used for this genus, whereas the name Pyramidella was used for the genus now known as Otopleura Fischer, 1885.[1]

General description

The shell has an elongate-conic shape, slightly striated. The many whorls of the teleoconch are usually inflated and regularly increasing. They are longitudinally ribbed or smooth. The semioval aperture is entire, widened at its base and rounded in front. .The columella has one to three folds. The sharp outer lip is entire, inferiorly sub-perforated and often plicate within with three transverse folds. The shell is usually larger than in Turbonilla. The thin operculum is horny, ovate, elongated,with very fine elements and oblique folds and folds oblique. The shell lacks an epidermis.[3][4][5]

The shells are generally quite small, of an elegant form, elongated, marked with more or less deep spots. The general color of the body of these mollusca, is of a dull white. The operculum only, and the edge of the mantle are yellowish.[5]

The animal has a head surmounted by broad, rather long tentacles, formed like a pointed horn, and open on the side. The mouth is situated in a flattened, wide, dilated, and quite deeply two-lobed muzzle, separated from the foot by a groove. The respiratory cavity open throughout the whole length of the mantle, bearing on its right margin a long and narrow branchia. The heart has a direction from right to left. The rectum and uterus are attached to each other along the branchiae, and terminate in an ear-shaped gutter, produced by the margin of the mantle. The mucous follicles line the upper wall of the cavity. The foot is round, without a marginal furrow, passing down before in form of an ear-shaped shield, and bearing posteriorly a membranous operculum, with laminas destitute of a spire, which possesses one or two notches to slip upon the folds of the columella.[5]

Species

Species within the genus Pyramidella include:[1]

Taxa inquirenda
  • Pyramidella curtissima Locard, 1897
  • Pyramidella obeliscus W. H. Turton, 1932
  • Pyramidella suavissima Preston, 1905
  • Pyramidella sykesi Preston, 1905 (original combination)
  • Pyramidella tarpeia Bartsch, 1915
Subgenera and species brought into synonymy
synonyms
  • Pyramidella (Agatha) A. Adams, 1860: synonym of Agatha A. Adams, 1860
  • Pyramidella (Longchaeus) Mörch, 1875: synonym of Longchaeus Mörch, 1875
  • Pyramidella (Syrnola) A. Adams, 1860: synonym of Syrnola A. Adams, 1860
  • Pyramidella (Tiberia) Dall & Bartsch, 1906: synonym of Tiberia Jeffreys, 1884
  • Pyramidella (Voluspa) Dall & Bartsch, 1904: synonym of Longchaeus Mörch, 1875
  • Pyramidella acus (Gmelin, 1791) - needle pyram:[16] synonym of Longchaeus acus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Pyramidella aganea Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Syrnola aganea (Bartsch, 1915)
  • Pyramidella alfredensis Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Orinella alfredensis (Bartsch, 1915)
  • Pyramidella aprustica Crema, 1903: synonym of Euparthenia bulinea (Lowe, 1841)
  • Pyramidella arenosa Conrad, 1843: synonym of Longchaeus suturalis (H. C. Lea, 1843)
  • Pyramidella auricoma Dall, 1889: synonym of Longchaeus auricoma (Dall, 1889)
  • Pyramidella auriscati (Chemnitz, 1795):[17] synonym of Otopleura auriscati (Holten, 1802)
  • Pyramidella balteata (A. Adams, 1855): synonym of Tiberia balteata (A. Adams, 1855)
  • Pyramidella canaliculata Sowerby, 1874: synonym of Pyramidella insularum Pilsbry, 1922
  • † Pyramidella cancellata Nyst, 1836: synonym of † Sandbergeria cancellata (Nyst, 1836) †
  • Pyramidella candida Mørch, 1875: synonym of Longchaeus candidus (Mörch, 1875)
  • Pyramidella capensis (Thiele, 1925): synonym of Odostomia capensis Thiele, 1925
  • Pyramidella ceylanica Preston, 1905: synonym of Kleinella ceylanica (Preston, 1905)
  • Pyramidella cincta Reeve, 1842: synonym of Milda cincta (Reeve, 1842)
  • Pyramidella crenulata (Holmes, 1859): synonym of Longchaeus suturalis (H. C. Lea, 1843)
  • Pyramidella denticulata Sowerby II, 1865: synonym of Colsyrnola ornata (Gould, 1861)
  • † Pyramidella diademata Maury, 1917 : synonym of Longchaeus suturalis (H. C. Lea, 1843)
  • Pyramidella folinii Dall, 1889:[18] synonym of Longchaeus folinii (Dall, 1889)
  • Pyramidella fulva Sowerby II, 1865: synonym of Colsyrnola brunnea (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Pyramidella fusca (C. B. Adams, 1839): synonym of Sayella fusca (C. B. Adams, 1839)
  • Pyramidella garrettii Tryon, 1886: synonym of Milda garretti (Tryon, 1886)
  • Pyramidella hera Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Syrnola hera (Bartsch, 1915)
  • Pyramidella humilis Preston, 1905: synonym of Quirella humilis (Preston, 1905)
  • Pyramidella insularum Pilsbry, 1922: synonym of Longchaeus insularum (Pilsbry, 1922)
  • † Pyramidella jamaicensis Dall, 1896: synonym of † Longchaeus jamaicensis (Dall, 1896)
  • † Pyramidella kelirensis (K. Martin, 1916): synonym of † Longchaeus menadensis (Schepman, 1907)
  • Pyramidella lischkei Dall & Bartsch, 1906: synonym of Styloptygma taeniatum (A. Adams, 1863)
  • Pyramidella lissa (A. E. Verrill, 1884): synonym of Eulimella lissa A. E. Verrill, 1884
  • Pyramidella magnifica Adams & Reeve, 1850: synonym of Otopleura auriscati (Holten, 1802)
  • Pyramidella mazatlantica Dall & Bartsch, 1909: synonym of Pyramidella mazatlanica Dall & Bartsch, 1909
  • Pyramidella mediterranea Monterosato, 1880: synonym of Tiberia minuscula (Monterosato, 1880)
  • Pyramidella minuscula Monterosato, 1880: synonym of Tiberia minuscula (Monterosato, 1880)
  • Pyramidella mitralis A. Adams, 1853:[19] synonym of Otopleura mitralis (A. Adams, 1855)
  • Pyramidella modica Sowerby II, 1865: synonym of Syrnola modica (Sowerby II, 1865)
  • Pyramidella nitida (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Otopleura nitida (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Pyramidella nitidula (A Adams, 1860): synonym of Tiberia nitidula (A. Adams, 1860)
  • Pyramidella nivea (Mørch, 1875): synonym of Triptychus niveus (Mørch, 1875)
  • Pyramidella octaviana Di Geronimo, 1973: synonym of Tiberia minuscula (Monterosato, 1880)
  • † Pyramidella olssoni Maury, 1917: synonym of † Longchaeus olssoni (Maury, 1917)
  • Pyramidella ornata (Gould, 1861): synonym of Colsyrnola ornata (Gould, 1861)
  • Pyramidella plicata Lamarck, 1816: synonym of Otopleura auriscati (Holten, H.S., 1802)
  • Pyramidella pratii Bernardi, 1858:[20] synonym of Longchaeus turritus (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Pyramidella producta (C. B. Adams, 1840): synonym of Syrnola producta (C. B. Adams, 1840)
  • Pyramidella propinqua A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Otopleura mitralis (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Pyramidella pulchella (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Orinella pulchella (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Pyramidella punctata Schubert & Wagner, 1829: synonym of Longchaeus acus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Pyramidella punctata Férussac, 1821: synonym of Longchaeus acus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Pyramidella pupaeformis Souverbie, 1865: synonym of Pyrgulina pupaeformis (Souverbie, 1865)
  • Pyramidella resticula (Dall, 1889): synonym of Bacteridium resticulum (Dall, 1889)
  • Pyramidella schanderi van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998:[21] synonym of Pyramidella inopinata (Schander, 1994)
  • Pyramidella semicanaliculata Maury, 1917 †: synonym of Longchaeus suturalis (H. C. Lea, 1843)
  • Pyramidella similis Thiele, 1925: synonym of Tiberia analoga van Aartsen & Corgan, 1996
  • Pyramidella smithi Verrill, 1881: synonym of Eulimella unifasciata (Forbes, 1844)
  • Pyramidella sulcata (A. Adams, 1854):[22] synonym of Pyramidella maculosa Lamarck, 1822
  • Pyramidella suturalis H. C. Lea, 1843: synonym of Longchaeus suturalis (H. C. Lea, 1843)
  • Pyramidella terebellum Muller:[23] synonym of Pyramidella dolabrata terebellum (Müller, 1774)
  • Pyramidella teres Adams:[24] synonym of Tropaeas teres (A. Adams, 1861)
  • Pyramidella tessellata (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Pyramidella sulcata (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Pyramidella maculosa Lamarck, 1822
  • Pyramidella umbilicata Thiele, 1925: synonym of Tiberia navella van Aartsen & Corgan, 1996
  • Pyramidella unifasciata (Forbes, 1844): synonym of Tibersyrnola unifasciata (Forbes, 1844)
  • Pyramidella variegata A. Adams:[25] synonym of Otopleura mitralis (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Pyramidella ventricosa (Forbes, 1844): synonym of Eulimella ventricosa (Forbes, 1844)
  • Pyramidella ventricosa Guérin, 1831: synonym of Milda ventricosa (Guérin, 1831)
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References
  1. WoRMS (2011). Pyramidella Lamarck, 1799. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=160041 on 4 February 2012
  2. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  3. Dall & Bartsch, A Monograph of West American Pyramidellid Mollusks, United States National Museum Bulletin 68, p. 8; 1909
  4. G.W. Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VIII p. 295
  5. Kiener (1840). General species and iconography of recent shells : comprising the Massena Museum, the collection of Lamarck, the collection of the Museum of Natural History, and the recent discoveries of travellers; Boston :W.D. Ticknor,1837
  6. Rosenberg, G. (2010). Pyramidella camara Bartsch, 1927. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=533354 on 2011-03-15
  7. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella corrugata. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208420 on 2011-03-15
  8. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella dolabrata (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208421 on 2011-03-15
  9. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella gracilis A. Adams. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208427 on 2011-03-15
  10. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella inopinata (Schander, 1994). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224462 on 2011-03-15
  11. Rosenberg, G. (2010). Pyramidella sanctaehelenae (E. A. Smith, 1890). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=533356 on 2011-03-15
  12. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella scitula Adams. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208428 on 2011-03-15
  13. Rosenberg, G. (2010). Pyramidella subdolabrata (Mörch, 1854). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=533357 on 2011-03-15
  14. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella subglabra Odhner, 1919. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208422 on 2011-03-15
  15. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella terebelloides Adams. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208423 on 2011-03-15
  16. Rosenberg, G. (2010). Pyramidella acus (Gmelin, 1791). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208425 on 2011-03-15
  17. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella auriscati (Chemnitz, 1795). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208418 on 2011-03-15
  18. Rosenberg, G. (2010). Pyramidella folinii Dall, 1889. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=533355 on 2011-03-15
  19. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella mitralis A. Adams, 1853. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208416 on 2011-03-15
  20. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella prati Bernardi, 1858. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208424 on 2011-03-15
  21. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella schanderi van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224464 on 2011-03-15
  22. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella sulcata (A. Adams, 1854). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208429 on 2011-03-15
  23. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella terebellum Muller. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208426 on 2011-03-15
  24. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella teres Adams. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208419 on 2011-03-15
  25. WoRMS (2010). Pyramidella variegata A. Adams. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=208417 on 2011-03-15
  • Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de Monet de 1799. Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification de coquilles, comprenent une réaction appropiée de charactères génériques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 63-91
  • Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
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