Donax fossor

Donax fossor is a species of small saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc species in the family Donacidae. This species is native to the eastern coast of the US, as far north as New York State; in the past it was sometimes incorrectly considered to be a northern, less colorful form of Donax variabilis.

Donax fossor
Donax fossor upper right 3 intact individuals, paired valves, 1 interior, largest pair lower right (white) 21.2 mm in length
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Cardiida
Family: Donacidae
Genus: Donax
Species:
D. fossor
Binomial name
Donax fossor
Say, 1822[1]

Description

This small clam was reported in the literature to attain a maximum length of 18 mm.[2] The shell can be almost white in color, or yellow, orange, greyish, or purplish. The darker shells may be rayed with purple on the inside, but these rays are usually only rather faintly visible on the outside.

Distribution

Donax fossor lives from the coast of New York State south through New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina, to East Florida.[3]

Biology

In New Jersey, on exposed beaches, this small bivalve often has the hydroid Lovenella gracilis growing on the posterior tip of the shell. There is some evidence that this protects the clam against predation attempts by the moonsnail Neverita duplicata.[4]

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References
  1. Rosenberg, G. (2014). Donax fossor. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=420903 on 2014-09-21
  2. Rosenberg, G. 2009. Malacolog 4.1.1: A Database of Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca. [WWW database (version 4.1.1)] URL http://www.malacolog.org/
  3. Rosenberg, G. 2009. Malacolog 4.1.1: A Database of Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca. [WWW database (version 4.1.1)] URL http://www.malacolog.org/
  4. The association between the coquina clam Donax fossor Say and its epibiotic hydroid Lovenella gracilis Clarke, by Michale Russell and J. R. Dougherty, 2005, Journal of Shellfish Research, 24, pp 35 onwards Accessed 2014-9-21
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