List of the Cenozoic life of Montana

This list of the Cenozoic life of Montana contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Montana and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

A
  • Living Abies, or fir trees
    Abies
    • †Abies alvordensis
    • †Abies concoloroides
    • †Abies laticarpa
  • Acer
    • †Acer bendirei
    • †Acer bolanderi
    • †Acer glabroides
    • †Acer minor
    • †Acer newberryi
    • †Acer oregonianum
    • †Acer scottiae
    • †Acer silberlingi
  • †Acheronodon
    • †Acheronodon garbani – type locality for species
  • Acipenser
  • †Acmeodon
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Acritohippus
    †Acritohippus
    • †Acritohippus isonesus
  • †Acritoparamys
    • †Acritoparamys atavus – type locality for species
  • †Actinodonta
  • †Adjidaumo
    • †Adjidaumo intermedius – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Adjidaumo minimus – type locality for species
  • †Adunator
    • †Adunator ladae
  • †Aelurodon
    • †Aelurodon ferox – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Aelurodon montanensis – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus, or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920).
    †Aepycamelus
    • †Aepycamelus stocki
  • †Agnotocastor
    • †Agnotocastor montanus
  • †Agriochoerus
    • †Agriochoerus maximus – type locality for species
    • †Agriochoerus minimus
  • †Agrostis
    • †Agrostis primaeva
  • †Ailanthus
    • †Ailanthus americana
  • Alangium
    • †Alangium thomae
  • †Alepidophora
    • †Alepidophora maxima – type locality for species
  • †Alismaphyllites
    • †Alismaphyllites grandifolius
  • Alnus
    • †Alnus jarbidgana
    • †Alnus protomaximowiczii
    • †Alnus relata
  • †Alphagaulus
    • †Alphagaulus pristinus
  • Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Amebelodon. Margret Flinsch (1932).
    †Amebelodon
    • †Amebelodon floridanus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Amelanchier
    • †Amelanchier couleeana
    • †Amelanchier covea
  • †Amentotaxus
    • †Amentotaxus campbelli
  • Amia
    • †Amia fragosa
    • †Amia uintaensis
  • †Ampelopsis
    • †Ampelopsis acerifolia
  • †Amphechinus
    • †Amphechinus horncloudi
  • Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene beardog Amphicyon
    †Amphicyon
    • †Amphicyon riggsi – type locality for species
  • †Amynodon
    • †Amynodon advenus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Amyzon
  • †Anacodon
    • †Anacodon ursidens – or unidentified comparable form
  • Anas
    • †Anas platyrhynchos – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ancenycteris
    • †Ancenycteris rasmusseni
  • †Anconodon
    • †Anconodon cochranensis
    • †Anconodon gidleyi – type locality for species
  • †Anemia
    • †Anemia elongata
  • Fossilized tooth of the Oligocene-Miocene shark Carcharocles angustidens
    †Angustidens
    • †Angustidens vireti – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Anisonchus
    • †Anisonchus oligistus
    • †Anisonchus sectorius
  • †Ansomys
    • †Ansomys hepburnensis – type locality for species
    • †Ansomys nexodens
  • †Antholithes
    • †Antholithes asterias – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes botryanthera – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes divaricanthera – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes explodens – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes glandulifera – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes onagracioides – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes tropaeoloides – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes tulipoidea – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes umbelloidea – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes urnanthera – type locality for species
    • †Antholithes zygomorpha – type locality for species
  • Antilocapra – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Antilocapra americana
  • †Aphelops
  • †Aphronorus
    • †Aphronorus fraudator – type locality for species
    • †Aphronorus orieli
  • †Apternodus
    • †Apternodus baladontus – type locality for species
    • †Apternodus mediaevus – type locality for species
  • †Araceaeites
  • †Araucaria
    • †Araucaria longifolia
  • Fossilized skull of the Oligocene bone-crushing dog Archaeocyon
    †Archaeocyon
    • †Archaeocyon leptodus
  • †Archaeohippus
  • †Archaeolagus
  • †Archisyrphus – type locality for genus
    • †Archisyrphus opacus – type locality for species
  • †Arctocyon
    • †Arctocyon ferox
  • Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale
    †Arctodus
    • †Arctodus simus
  • †Arctostaphylos
    • †Arctostaphylos cuneata
  • †Ardynomys
    • †Ardynomys occidentalis – type locality for species
  • †Arretotherium
    • †Arretotherium acridens – type locality for species
  • Arundo
    • †Arundo pseudogoepperti
  • Arvicola
    • †Arvicola richardsonii
  • †aspera
    • †aspera aspera
  • A living Astronium tree, which is related to cashews
    †Astronium
    • †Astronium truncatum
  • †Athyana
    • †Athyana haydenii
  • †Atoposemys
    • †Atoposemys entopteros
  • †Aulolithomys
    • †Aulolithomys bounites – type locality for species
  • †Averrhoites
    • †Averrhoites affinis
  • †Avunculus
    • †Avunculus didelphodonti – type locality for species
  • †Axestemys
    • †Axestemys montinsana
  • Living Azolla water ferns
    Azolla
    • †Azolla elegans – type locality for species
    • †Azolla fragilis – type locality for species
    • †Azolla velus

B
  • †Baioconodon
    • †Baioconodon denverensis – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Baioconodon engdahli – type locality for species
    • †Baioconodon nordicus – type locality for species
  • †Baiotomeus
    • †Baiotomeus douglassi
    • †Baiotomeus lamberti – type locality for species
  • †Bathygenys
    • †Bathygenys alpha – type locality for species
  • Shoot and flowers of a modern Berberis, or barberry
    †Berberis
    • †Berberis acanthoides
  • Berchemia
    • †Berchemia huanoides
  • †Beringiaphyllum
    • †Beringiaphyllum cupanioides
  • †Bessoecetor
    • †Bessoecetor septentrionalis
  • Betula
    • †Betula fairii
    • †Betula stevensoni
    • †Betula thor
    • †Betula vera
  • Bibio – or unidentified related form
  • Bison
    • †Bison bison
    • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, also known as the giant bison or long-horned bison
      †Bison latifrons – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Bisonalveus
    • †Bisonalveus browni
  • †Blastomeryx
    • †Blastomeryx gemmifer
  • †Bootherium
  • †Borealosuchus
    • †Borealosuchus sternbergii
  • †Brachychampsa
  • Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus
    †Brachycrus
    • †Brachycrus laticeps
  • †Brachyerix
    • †Brachyerix incertis
  • †Brachyrhynchocyon
    • †Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei
    • †Brachyrhynchocyon montanus – type locality for species
  • †Browniea
    • †Browniea serrata

C
  • †Caesalpinites
    • †Caesalpinites acuminatus
    • †Caesalpinites coloradicus
  • †Calycites
    • †Calycites hexaphylla
  • Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene camel Camelops
    †Camelops
    • †Camelops minidokae
  • †Camponotites
  • †Canavalia
    • †Canavalia eocenica
  • Canis
    • †Canis latrans
    • †Canis lupus
  • †Canna
    • †Canna flaccidafolia
  • †Carcinodon
    • †Carcinodon aquilonius
  • †Cardiospermum
    • †Cardiospermum terminalis
  • Carpinus
    • †Carpinus fraterna
    • †Carpinus lanceolata
  • †Carpites
    • †Carpites amygdaloides – type locality for species
    • †Carpites carumcarvi – type locality for species
    • †Carpites eludens – type locality for species
    • †Carpites gracilens – type locality for species
    • †Carpites paniculatus – type locality for species
    • †Carpites polygonoides
    • †Carpites pruniformis – type locality for species
    • †Carpites racemosus – type locality for species
    • †Carpites verrucosus
  • †Carpodaptes
    • †Carpodaptes hazelae – type locality for species
    • †Carpodaptes jepseni – tentative report
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene primate relative Carpolestes
    †Carpolestes
    • †Carpolestes nigridens – type locality for species
  • Carya
    • †Carya antiquorum
    • †Carya libbeyi
  • †Cassia
    • †Cassia fayettensis
    • †Cassia hesperia
    • †Cassia reticuloides
  • Castanea
    • †Castanea dolichophylla
    • †Castanea intermedia
    • †Castanea miomollissima
    • †Castanea spokanensis
    • †Castanea spolanensis
  • Castor
    • †Castor californicus
    • A living Castor canadensis, or North American beaver
      †Castor canadensis
  • †Catalpa
    • †Catalpa rubyensis – type locality for species
  • †Catopsalis
    • †Catopsalis alexanderi
    • †Catopsalis waddleae
  • Ceanothus
    • †Ceanothus prespinosus
    • †Ceanothus variabilis
  • Cedrela
    • †Cedrela lancifolia
    • †Cedrela pteraformis
  • †Celastrus
    • †Celastrus typicus
  • Celtis
    • †Celtis aspera
    • †Celtis aspera (Newberry)
    • †Celtis chaneyi
    • †Celtis kansana
    • †Celtis mccoshii
    • †Celtis peracuminata
  • †Centetodon
    • †Centetodon kuenzii – type locality for species
    • †Centetodon magnus
  • Cercidiphyllum
    • †Cercidiphyllum arcticum
    • †Cercidiphyllum articum
    • †Cercidiphyllum crenatum
    • †Cercidiphyllum elongatum
    • †Cercidiphyllum genetrix
  • Flowers of a living Cercis or redbud tree
    Cercis
    • †Cercis parvifolia
    • †Cercis spokanensis
  • †Cercocarpus
    • †Cercocarpus antiquus
    • †Cercocarpus beaannae
    • †Cercocarpus myricaefolius
  • †Chadrolagus
    • †Chadrolagus emryi
  • †Chaetoptelea
    • †Chaetoptelea microphylla
  • †Chamaecyparis
    • †Chamaecyparis linguaefolia
  • †Chamops
    • †Chamops segnis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene choristoderan reptile Champsosaurus
    †Champsosaurus
  • †Chiromyoides
    • †Chiromyoides potior
  • †Chisternon
    • †Chisternon interpositum – type locality for species
  • †Chriacus
    • †Chriacus baldwini
    • †Chriacus calenancus
    • †Chriacus pelvidens
    • †Chriacus punitor
  • †Chthonophis – type locality for genus
    • †Chthonophis subterraneus – type locality for species
  • †Cimexomys
    • †Cimexomys minor – type locality for species
  • †Cimolestes
    • †Cimolestes incisus
  • A living Cinnamomum, or cinnamon tree
    Cinnamomum
    • †Cinnamomum sezannense
  • Cissus
    • †Cissus marginata
  • †Claenodon
    • †Claenodon montanensis
  • Clematis
    • †Clematis ellensburgensis
  • Cocculus
    • †Cocculus heteromorpha
  • †Colodon
    • †Colodon cingulatus
    • †Colodon kayi – type locality for species
    • †Colodon woodi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Colpoclaenus
    • †Colpoclaenus keeferi – tentative report
    • †Colpoclaenus procyonoides – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Colubrina
  • †Compsemys
  • †Coniferites
    • †Coniferites conicus – type locality for species
    • †Coniferites ovatus – type locality for species
    • †Coniferites strobiliformis – type locality for species
  • Illustration of fossilized vertebrae of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene snake Coniophis. Othniel Charles Marsh (1892).
    †Coniophis – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Coniophis precedens
  • †Contogenys
    • †Contogenys ekalakaensis – type locality for species
    • †Contogenys sloani
  • †Conzattia
    • †Conzattia coriacea
  • †Copedelphys
    • †Copedelphys stevensoni – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Copedelphys titanelix – type locality for species
  • †Copemys
    • †Copemys lindsayi – type locality for species
  • †Coriphagus
    • †Coriphagus montanus – type locality for species
  • Cornus
    • †Cornus cornella
    • †Cornus hyperborea
    • †Cornus ovalis
  • †Corylus
    • †Corylus insignis
  • †Coryphodon
    • †Coryphodon proterus – type locality for species
  • †Cosmocomoidea
    • †Cosmocomoidea greenwalti – type locality for species
    • †Cosmocomoidea kootenai – type locality for species
    • †Cosmocomoidea rasnitsyni – type locality for species
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn-relative Cosoryx
    †Cosoryx – tentative report
  • Crataegus
    • †Crataegus elwyni
    • †Crataegus pacifica
  • †Credneria
    • †Credneria daturaefolia
  • Crematogaster
    • †Crematogaster aurora – type locality for species
  • †Crustulus – type locality for genus
    • †Crustulus fontanus – type locality for species
  • †Cryptoryctes – type locality for genus
    • †Cryptoryctes kayi – type locality for species
  • Culiseta
    • †Culiseta kishenehn – type locality for species
    • †Culiseta lemniscata – type locality for species
  • †Cupidinimus
    • †Cupidinimus halli – type locality for species
  • †Cyclurus
    • †Cyclurus fragosus
  • †Cylindrodon – type locality for genus
    • †Cylindrodon fontis – type locality for species
  • †Cynodesmus
    • †Cynodesmus thooides – type locality for species
  • Cynomys
    • A living Cynomys ludovicianus, or black-tailed prairie dog
      †Cynomys ludovicianus

D
  • †Dalbergia
  • †Daphoenictis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Davidia
    • †Davidia antiqua
  • †Davispia – type locality for genus
    • †Davispia bearcreekensis – type locality for species
  • †Derrisemys – type locality for genus
    • †Derrisemys sterea – type locality for species
  • †Desmatochoerus
    • †Desmatochoerus hatcheri – type locality for species
  • †Desmatolagus – tentative report
  • †Deuterogonodon
    • †Deuterogonodon montanus – type locality for species
  • †Diceratherium
    • †Diceratherium annectens
    • †Diceratherium armatum
    • †Diceratherium radtkei – type locality for species
  • †Didymictis
  • †Dillerlemur
    • †Dillerlemur pagei – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene false saber-toothed cat Dinictis. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
    †Dinictis
  • †Dinohippus
  • †Dioctria – tentative report
    • †Dioctria jamesi – type locality for species
  • †Diospyros
    • †Diospyros oregoniana
  • †Diphysa
    • †Diphysa presuberosa
  • †Diplodipelta – type locality for genus
    • †Diplodipelta reniptera
  • Fossilized samara of the Eocene-modern Dipteronia tree
    Dipteronia
    • †Dipteronia insignis
  • †Dissacus
  • †Dixella
    • †Dixella curvistyla – type locality for species
    • †Dixella eomarginata – type locality for species
    • †Dixella intacta – type locality for species
    • †Dixella spinilobata – type locality for species
  • Dolichoderus
    • †Dolichoderus dlusskyi – type locality for species
  • †Domnina
    • †Domnina gradata – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Domnina thompsoni – type locality for species
  • †Domninoides
  • †Dorraletes
    • †Dorraletes diminutivus
  • †Douglassciurus
    • †Douglassciurus jeffersoni – type locality for species
  • †Downsimus
  • Fossilized horns, jaws, and limb bones of the Miocene deer relative Dromomeryx
    †Dromomeryx
    • †Dromomeryx borealis
  • †Dryinoides – type locality for genus
    • †Dryinoides oxyrhachis – type locality for species
  • Dryopteris
    • †Dryopteris lakesi
    • †Dryopteris serrata

E
  • Fossilized skull of the Paleocene-Eocene mammal Ectocion
    †Ectocion
    • †Ectocion cedrus
    • †Ectocion collinus
  • †Ectoganus
    • †Ectoganus lobdelli
  • †Ectypodus
    • †Ectypodus aphronorus – type locality for species
    • †Ectypodus laytoni – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Ectypodus lovei
    • †Ectypodus powelli – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Ectypodus szalayi – type locality for species
  • †Ellipsodon
    • †Ellipsodon lemuroides
  • Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene anthracothere mammal Elomeryx
    †Elomeryx – tentative report
  • †Elphidotarsius
    • †Elphidotarsius florencae – type locality for species
    • †Elphidotarsius russelli
  • †Elpidophorus
    • †Elpidophorus elegans
    • †Elpidophorus minor – type locality for species
  • †Entoptychus
    • †Entoptychus montanensis
  • †Eoanaphes – type locality for genus
    • †Eoanaphes stethynioides – type locality for species
  • †Eoanomala – type locality for genus
    • †Eoanomala melas – type locality for species
  • †Eoconodon
    • †Eoconodon hutchisoni
    • †Eoconodon nidhoggi
  • †Eoeustochus – type locality for genus
    • †Eoeustochus borchersi – type locality for species
    • †Eoeustochus kishenehn – type locality for species
  • †Eoformica
    • †Eoformica brevipetiola – type locality for species
    • †Eoformica latimedia – type locality for species
    • †Eoformica pinguis
  • †Eogyropsylla
    • †Eogyropsylla paveloctogenarius – type locality for species
  • †Eolestes
    • †Eolestes ramosus – type locality for species
    • †Eolestes syntheticus
  • †Eotitanops
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene bone-crushing dog Epicyon
    †Epicyon
    • †Epicyon haydeni
  • †Epihippus
    • †Epihippus gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Epoicotherium
    • †Epoicotherium unicum
  • †Equisetum
    • †Equisetum aquatile – type locality for species
    • †Equisetum arcticum
    • †Equisetum octangulatum
  • Equus
  • Erucius – tentative report
    • †Erucius lewisi – type locality for species
  • †Eucastor
    • †Eucastor tortus
  • †Eucommia
  • †Eudaemonema
    • †Eudaemonema cuspidata – type locality for species
  • †Euhapsis – tentative report
  • †Eumys
    • †Eumys brachyodus
    • †Eumys elegans
    • †Eumys parvidens – or unidentified comparable form
  • Foliage and fruit of a modern Euonymus
    †Euonymus
    • †Euonymus pacificus
  • †Euoplocyon
    • †Euoplocyon brachygnathus
  • †Euroxenomys
    • †Euroxenomys inconnexus – type locality for species
  • †Eutypomys
    • †Eutypomys inexpectatus – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Eutypomys montanensis – type locality for species
    • †Eutypomys parvus
  • Exbucklandia
    • †Exbucklandia oregonensis
  • Exechia – or unidentified related form
  • †Exostinus
    • †Exostinus lancensis

F
  • †Fagopsis
    • †Fagopsis longifolia
  • Ficus
    • †Ficus affinis
    • †Ficus artocarpoides
    • †Ficus planicostata
    • †Ficus subtruncata
  • Fidiobia
  • A living Fokienia cypress tree
    Fokienia
    • †Fokienia catenulata
  • Formica
    • †Formica annosa – type locality for species
  • †Fraxinus
    • †Fraxinus brevialata
    • †Fraxinus eocenica
    • †Fraxinus flexifolia
    • †Fraxinus rupinarum

G
  • †Galbreathia
    • †Galbreathia bettae
  • †Gelastops
    • †Gelastops parcus – type locality for species
  • Geochelone
    • †Geochelone primaeva – type locality for species
  • Gerrhonotus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Gingerichia – type locality for genus
    • †Gingerichia geoteretes – type locality for species
  • Ginkgo
  • Gleichenia
    • †Gleichenia hesperia
  • Glyptostrobus
    • †Glyptostrobus nordenskioldi
    • †Glyptostrobus oregonensis
  • †Goniacodon
    • †Goniacodon levisanus
  • †Gregorymys
    • †Gregorymys douglassi – type locality for species
  • †Gripholagomys – tentative report

H
  • †Habrosaurus
    • †Habrosaurus dilatus
  • †Hamamelites
    • †Hamamelites inaequalis
  • †Haplaletes
    • †Haplaletes andakupensis
    • †Haplaletes disceptatrix – type locality for species
  • †Haplomylus
    • †Haplomylus palustris – type locality for species
  • †Helaletes
    • †Helaletes nanus
  • †Heliscomys
    • †Heliscomys gregoryi
    • †Heliscomys mcgrewi – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Heliscomys ostranderi
  • Helius
    • †Helius constenius – type locality for species
  • Fossilized skull of the Oligocene lizard Helodermoides
    †Helodermoides – type locality for genus
    • †Helodermoides tuberculatus – type locality for species
  • †Hendryomeryx
    • †Hendryomeryx defordi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Herpetotherium
    • †Herpetotherium fugax
    • †Herpetotherium knighti – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Herpetotherium valens
  • †Hesperhys
    • †Hesperhys vagrans
  • Hesperinus – or unidentified related form
  • Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene dog Hesperocyon. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
    †Hesperocyon
    • †Hesperocyon gregarius
  • †Heteraletes
    • †Heteraletes leotanus
  • †Hiodon
    • †Hiodon consteniorum – type locality for species
  • Holmskioldia
    • †Holmskioldia speiri
  • †Holopogon
    • †Holopogon archilestes – type locality for species
  • Homo
  • Restoration of Pliocene-Pleistocene Homotherium, or scimitar cat
    †Homotherium
    • †Homotherium serum
  • †Huerfanodon – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Hutchemys – type locality for genus
    • †Hutchemys rememdium – type locality for species
  • †Hyaenodon
    • †Hyaenodon crucians
  • Hydrangea
    • †Hydrangea knowltoni
  • †Hydromystria
    • †Hydromystria expansa
  • †Hyopsodus
    • †Hyopsodus sholemi
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Miocene even-toed ungulate Hypertragulus
    †Hypertragulus
    • †Hypertragulus calcaratus
  • †Hypisodus
    • †Hypisodus minimus
  • †Hypohippus
    • †Hypohippus osborni – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Hypolagus
    • †Hypolagus vetus
  • †Hypsiops
    • †Hypsiops breviceps – type locality for species
  • †Hyrachyus
    • †Hyrachyus douglassi – type locality for species
  • †Hyracodon
    • †Hyracodon medius
    • †Hyracodon priscidens

I
  • †Ictidopappus
    • †Ictidopappus mustelinus – type locality for species
  • †Ignacius
    • †Ignacius frugivorus
  • †Ilex[1]
    • †Ilex acuminata – later renamed Ilex mormonica[1]
    • †Ilex mormonica – type locality for species. Formerly known as Ilex acuminata.[1]
  • †Intyrictis
    • †Intyrictis vanvaleni
  • †Ischyrhiza – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Ischyrhiza avonicola
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Oligocene rodent Ischyromys
    †Ischyromys
    • †Ischyromys douglassi – type locality for species
    • †Ischyromys typus
    • †Ischyromys veterior – type locality for species
  • Isoetes
    • †Isoetes trullata – type locality for species
  • †Isoetites
    • †Isoetites horridus
  • Isonychia
    • †Isonychia alderensis – type locality for species

J
  • †Jepsenella – type locality for genus
    • †Jepsenella praepropera – type locality for species
  • †Judithemys
    • †Judithemys backmani
  • †Juglandicarya
  • †Juglandiphyllites
    • †Juglandiphyllites glabra
  • Juglans
    • A living Juglans regia also known as the Persian or English walnut
      †Juglans regia – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Juglans taurina
  • Juniperus
    • †Juniperus nevadensis

K
  • †Kerria
    • †Kerria antiqua
  • †Kimbetohia
    • †Kimbetohia mziae
  • A living Koelreuteria tree
    Koelreuteria
    • †Koelreuteria arnoldi
    • †Koelreuteria bipinnatoides
  • †Ktunaxia – type locality for genus
    • †Ktunaxia jucunda – type locality for species
  • †Kukusepasutanka
    • †Kukusepasutanka schultzi

L
  • †Labidolemur – type locality for genus
    • †Labidolemur kayi – type locality for species
  • Lasius
    • †Lasius glom – type locality for species
  • †Lastrea
    • †Lastrea goldiana
  • †Latiblattella
    • †Latiblattella avita – type locality for species
  • †Laurophyllum
    • †Laurophyllum perseanum
  • Living Laurus, or laurel trees
    Laurus
    • †Laurus socialis
  • †Leguminosites
  • †Leidymys
  • †Leipsanolestes
    • †Leipsanolestes siegfriedti
  • Lemmiscus
    • †Lemmiscus curtatus
  • Lepisosteus
    • †Lepisosteus occidentalis
  • †Leptacodon
    • †Leptacodon munusculum – type locality for species
    • †Leptacodon packi – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Leptacodon proserpinae
    • †Leptacodon tener
  • †Leptarctus – type locality for genus
    • †Leptarctus primus – type locality for species
  • †Leptauchenia
    • †Leptauchenia decora
    • †Leptauchenia major
  • †Leptictis
  • †Leptochoerus
  • †Leptocyon
    • †Leptocyon douglassi – type locality for species
  • †Leptodontomys
  • Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene even-toed ungulate Leptomeryx
    †Leptomeryx
    • †Leptomeryx esulcatus
    • †Leptomeryx evansi
    • †Leptomeryx mammifer
    • †Leptomeryx speciosus
    • †Leptomeryx yoderi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Leptonysson – type locality for genus
    • †Leptonysson basiliscus – type locality for species
  • †Leptoreodon
    • †Leptoreodon marshi
  • †Leucaena
    • †Leucaena californica
  • †Lignimus
  • †Limnenetes
    • †Limnenetes platyceps – type locality for species
  • †Limnoecus
  • Lindera
    • †Lindera obtusata
  • †Lisserpeton
    • †Lisserpeton bairdi
  • †Litaletes
    • †Litaletes disjunctus – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene bird Lithornis
    †Lithornis
    • †Lithornis celetius – type locality for species
  • †Litocherus
    • †Litocherus lacunatus
    • †Litocherus notissimus – type locality for species
  • †Litomylus
    • †Litomylus dissentaneus – type locality for species
    • †Litomylus ishami – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Litomylus orthronepius
  • †Loxolophus
    • †Loxolophus pentacus
    • †Loxolophus schizophrenus
  • †Lutetialestes – type locality for genus
    • †Lutetialestes uniformis – type locality for species
  • Lynx
    • A living Lynx rufus, or bobcat
      †Lynx rufus

M
  • †Machaerosaurus
    • †Machaerosaurus torrejonensis
  • Close-up view of a Magnolia flower
    Magnolia
    • †Magnolia borealis
    • †Magnolia magnifolia
  • Mahonia
    • †Mahonia hakeaeformis
    • †Mahonia limirivuli
    • †Mahonia lobodonta
    • †Mahonia obliqua
    • †Mahonia retculata
    • †Mahonia reticulata
    • †Mahonia simplex
    • †Mahonia subdenticulata
  • †Mammut
    • †Mammut americanum
  • †Mammuthus
    • †Mammuthus columbi
    • Life restorations of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoth (left)
      †Mammuthus primigenius
  • Marchantia
    • †Marchantia lignitica
    • †Marchantia pealei
  • Marmota
    • †Marmota flaviventria
  • †Marquettia
    • †Marquettia metzeli – type locality for species
  • Martes
    • †Martes kinseyi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Mcconichthys – type locality for genus
    • †Mcconichthys longipinnis – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of battling males of the Eocene brontothere mammal Megacerops
    †Megacerops
    • †Megacerops kuwagatarhinus – type locality for species
  • †Megahippus
  • †Megalagus
    • †Megalagus brachyodon – type locality for species
    • †Megalagus dawsoni – type locality for species
    • †Megalagus turgidus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Megalonyx
    • †Megalonyx jeffersonii
  • †Megantereon
  • †Megatylopus
    • †Megatylopus gigas
  • †Melastomites
    • †Melastomites montanensis
  • †Meniscomys
  • †Menodus
  • †Merriamoceros
  • †Merychippus
    • †Merychippus sejunctus
  • †Merychyus
    • †Merychyus arenarum – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Merychyus smithi
  • †Merycochoerus
    • †Merycochoerus chelydra
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn Merycodus
    †Merycodus
    • †Merycodus necatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Merycoides
    • †Merycoides longiceps
  • †Merycoidodon
    • †Merycoidodon culbertsoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Mesodma
    • †Mesodma ambigua – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Mesodma formosa
    • †Mesodma garfieldensis – type locality for species
    • †Mesodma pygmaea – type locality for species
    • †Mesodma thompsoni
  • †Mesogaulus
    • †Mesogaulus ballensis – type locality for species
    • †Mesogaulus douglassi
  • †Mesohippus
    • †Mesohippus bairdi
    • †Mesohippus westoni – type locality for species
  • Fossilized skull of the Miocene oreodont mammal Mesoreodon
    †Mesoreodon
    • †Mesoreodon chelonyx
    • †Mesoreodon minor – type locality for species
  • †Mesoscalops
    • †Mesoscalops montanensis – type locality for species
  • †Metadjidaumo
  • Metasequoia
  • †Metopium
    • †Metopium metopioides
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene mammal Miacis
    †Miacis – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
  • †Microcosmodon
    • †Microcosmodon harleyi – type locality for species
  • †Micropternodus
    • †Micropternodus borealis – type locality for species
  • Microtus
    • †Microtus pennsylvanicus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Mimatuta
    • †Mimatuta minuial
    • †Mimatuta morgoth – type locality for species
  • †Mimetodon
    • †Mimetodon silberlingi – type locality for species
  • †Mimosites
    • †Mimosites acaciafolius
  • †Mimotricentes
    • †Mimotricentes fremontensis
    • †Mimotricentes tedfordi – tentative report
  • †Minerisporites
    • †Minerisporites glossoferus (Dijkstra) n. comb.
  • †Miniochoerus – tentative report
  • Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene three-toed horse Miohippus
    †Miohippus – type locality for genus
    • †Miohippus anceps – tentative report
    • †Miohippus annectens – tentative report
    • †Miohippus equiceps – tentative report
    • †Miohippus gemmarosae – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Miohippus grandis
    • †Miohippus obliquidens
    • †Miohippus taxus – type locality for species
  • †Mionictis – tentative report
  • †Miopsyche – tentative report
    • †Miopsyche rubiensis – type locality for species
  • †Mnium
    • †Mnium montanense
  • †Mojavemys
  • †Monosaulax
    • †Monosaulax pansus – tentative report
  • †Montanatylopus
    • †Montanatylopus matthewi – type locality for species
  • †Mookomys
    • †Mookomys formicarum – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Mookomys thrinax – type locality for species
  • Morus
  • †Muscites
    • †Muscites gracilens
  • Mustela
    • †Mustela frenata
  • †Mustelavus
    • †Mustelavus priscus
  • Myrica
    • †Myrica lignitum
    • †Myrica mormonensis
    • †Myrica serrulata
  • †Myrmecoboides
    • †Myrmecoboides montanensis – type locality for species
  • †Myrtophyllum
    • †Myrtophyllum torreyi
  • †Mystipterus
  • †Mytonolagus
    • †Mytonolagus petersoni – or unidentified comparable form

N
  • †Namatomys
    • †Namatomys lloydi – type locality for species
  • †Nannodectes
    • †Nannodectes gidleyi – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Nannodectes intermedius
    • †Nannodectes simpsoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Nanodelphys
    • †Nanodelphys hunti
  • †Nanotragulus
  • †Navajovius
  • †Nelumbago
    • †Nelumbago montanum
  • †Nelumbo
  • Life restoration of a herd of Neohipparion. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
    †Neohipparion
  • †Neoplagiaulax
    • †Neoplagiaulax donaldorum – type locality for species
    • †Neoplagiaulax grangeri – type locality for species
    • †Neoplagiaulax hunteri – type locality for species
    • †Neoplagiaulax kremnus
    • †Neoplagiaulax mckennai
    • †Neoplagiaulax nelsoni – type locality for species
  • †Niglarodon
    • †Niglarodon blacki – type locality for species
    • †Niglarodon koerneri – type locality for species
    • †Niglarodon loneyi – type locality for species
    • †Niglarodon progressus
  • †Nordenskioldia
    • †Nordenskioldia borealis
  • A living Nuphar water lily
    †Nuphar
    • †Nuphar advenoides
  • †Nyctitherium
  • †Nymphaeites
    • †Nymphaeites nevadensis
  • †Nyssa
    • †Nyssa alata
    • †Nyssa borealis
    • †Nyssa crenata

O
  • †Ocajila
    • †Ocajila makpiyahe – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Odaxosaurus
    • †Odaxosaurus piger
  • A living Odocoileus deer
    Odocoileus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ogmophis
    • †Ogmophis arenarum – type locality for species
  • Olar
    • †Olar buccinator
  • †Oligodontosaurus
    • †Oligodontosaurus wyomingensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Oligoryctes
    • †Oligoryctes altitalonidus
    • †Oligoryctes cameronensis
  • †Oligoscalops
  • †Oligotheriomys
    • †Oligotheriomys senrudi
  • A living Ondatra, or muskrat
    Ondatra
    • †Ondatra xibethicus
    • †Ondatra zibethicus
  • †Onoclea
    • †Onoclea hesperia
  • †Onychodectes
    • †Onychodectes tisonensis
  • †Opisthotriton
    • †Opisthotriton gidleyi – type locality for species
    • †Opisthotriton kayi
  • Oreohelix
  • †Oreolagus
    • †Oreolagus nevadensis
  • †Oreonetes
    • †Oreonetes anceps
    • †Oreonetes douglassi
  • †Osmanthus
    • †Osmanthus praemissa
  • Living Osmunda ferns
    †Osmunda
  • Ostrya
    • †Ostrya oregoniana
  • †Otarocyon
    • †Otarocyon macdonaldi
  • †Oxyacodon
    • †Oxyacodon apiculatus
    • †Oxyacodon ferronensis
    • †Oxyacodon marshater
  • †Oxyclaenus
    • †Oxyclaenus pugnax
  • Life restoration of a pair of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Oxydactylus. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
    †Oxydactylus
    • †Oxydactylus lacota – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Oxyprimus
    • †Oxyprimus erikseni – type locality for species

P
  • †Paciculus
  • †Pagonomus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Palaechthon – type locality for genus
    • †Palaechthon alticuspis – type locality for species
    • †Palaechthon woodi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Palaeictops
  • †Palaeocarpinus
  • †Palaeogale
    • †Palaeogale sectoria
  • †Palaeohypnum
    • †Palaeohypnum beckeri
  • †Palaeolabrus
    • †Palaeolabrus montanensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Restoration of the Oligocene rabbit relative Palaeolagus
    †Palaeolagus
    • †Palaeolagus burkei
    • †Palaeolagus haydeni
    • †Palaeolagus hypsodus
    • †Palaeolagus intermedius
    • †Palaeolagus temnodon – type locality for species
  • †Palaeophytocrene
  • †Palaeoryctes
  • †Palaeosinopa
    • †Palaeosinopa didelphoides – or unidentified comparable form
  • Restorative model and fossilized skull of the Eocene brontothere mammal Palaeosyops
    †Palaeosyops
    • †Palaeosyops fontinalis
  • †Palaeoxantusia
    • †Palaeoxantusia fera
  • †Palatobaena
    • †Palatobaena bairdi
  • †Palenochtha – type locality for genus
    • †Palenochtha minor – type locality for species
  • †Paleonelumbo
    • †Paleonelumbo macroloba
  • †Paleonuphar
    • †Paleonuphar hesperium
  • †Paleopsephurus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Paleotomus
    • †Paleotomus senior – type locality for species
  • Flowers and foliage of a living Paliurus
    Paliurus
    • †Paliurus dumosus
    • †Paliurus florissanti
  • †Pandemonium
    • †Pandemonium dis – type locality for species
  • †Pantolambda
    • †Pantolambda intermedius – type locality for species
  • †Pantomimus – type locality for genus
    • †Pantomimus leari – type locality for species
  • †Paracosoryx
  • †Paradjidaumo
    • †Paradjidaumo spokanensis – type locality for species
    • †Paradjidaumo trilophus
  • †Paramerychyus
    • †Paramerychyus harrisonensis
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon
    †Paramylodon
    • †Paramylodon harlani
  • †Paramys
    • †Paramys relictus
  • †Paranymphaea
    • †Paranymphaea crassifolia
  • †Parapliosaccomys
    • †Parapliosaccomys annae – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Pararyctes
    • †Pararyctes pattersoni
  • †Paratomarctus
    • †Paratomarctus temerarius
  • †Parectypodus
    • †Parectypodus sinclairi – type locality for species
    • †Parectypodus sylviae
  • †Pareumys – tentative report
  • †Parictis
    • †Parictis montanus
  • †Paromomys
    • †Paromomys depressidens – type locality for species
    • †Paromomys maturus – type locality for species
  • †Parthenocissus
    • †Parthenocissus ursina
  • †Parvericius
    • †Parvericius montanus
  • †Paulownia
    • †Paulownia columbiana
    • †Paulownia thomsoni
  • Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene lizard Peltosaurus
    †Peltosaurus
  • †Pelycomys
  • †Penetrigonias
    • †Penetrigonias dakotensis
  • †Penosphyllum
    • †Penosphyllum cordatum
  • Penthetria
    • †Penthetria abacula – type locality for species
    • †Penthetria alderensis – type locality for species
    • †Penthetria rubiensis – type locality for species
  • †Peraceras
    • †Peraceras profectum
    • †Peraceras superciliosum
  • †Peradectes
    • †Peradectes elegans – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Peradectes minor – type locality for species
    • †Peradectes protinnominatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Peridiomys
    • †Peridiomys halis – type locality for species
  • †Periptychus
  • †Perognathoides
    • †Perognathoides eurekensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Perognathus
    • †Perognathus ancenensis – type locality for species
  • Peromyscus
  • Persea
    • †Persea brossiana
  • †Petauristodon
  • †Phasmatopelecinus – type locality for genus
    • †Phasmatopelecinus leonae – type locality for species
  • †Phenacodaptes – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Phenacodaptes sabulosus
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene ungulate Phenacodus. Charles R. Knight (1898).
    †Phenacodus
    • †Phenacodus bisonensis
    • †Phenacodus intermedius
    • †Phenacodus magnus
  • Phragmites
    • †Phragmites alaskana
  • †Phthiria
    • †Phthiria fossa – type locality for species
  • †Phyllites
    • †Phyllites demoresi
    • †Phyllites disturbans
  • Picea
    • †Picea lahontensis
    • †Picea magna
    • †Picea sonomensis
  • †Piceoerpeton
    • †Piceoerpeton willwoodense
  • †Picrodus
    • †Picrodus canpacius
    • †Picrodus silberlingi – type locality for species
  • A living Pinus, or pine tree
    Pinus
    • †Pinus florissanti
    • †Pinus wheeleri
  • †Pipestoneia – type locality for genus
    • †Pipestoneia douglassi – type locality for species
  • †Pipestoneomys
    • †Pipestoneomys bisulcatus
  • †Pithecolobium
    • †Pithecolobium eocenicum
  • †Planatus
    • †Planatus nobilis
    • †Planatus raynoldsi
  • †Planetetherium
    • †Planetetherium mirabile – type locality for species
  • †Plastomenoides – type locality for genus
    • †Plastomenoides lamberti – type locality for species
    • †Plastomenoides tetanetron – type locality for species
  • †Plastomenus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Platanus
    • †Platanus dissecta
    • †Platanus nobilis
    • †Platanus raynoldsi
    • †Platanus raynoldsii
    • †Platanus stenoloba
  • Plecia
    • †Plecia inflata – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene primate Plesiadapis
    †Plesiadapis
    • †Plesiadapis anceps – type locality for species
    • †Plesiadapis churchilli – type locality for species
    • †Plesiadapis praecursor – type locality for species
    • †Plesiadapis rex – type locality for species
  • †Plesiolestes
    • †Plesiolestes problematicus
  • †Pleurolicus
  • †Plioceros
    • †Plioceros blicki – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Pliohippus
  • †Plionictis
    • †Plionictis ogygia
  • †Plithocyon
    • †Plithocyon ursinus
  • †Poacites
  • †Poebrotherium
    • †Poebrotherium eximium – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Poebrotherium wilsoni
  • Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene false faber-toothed cat Pogonodon
    †Pogonodon
  • †Ponerites
    • †Ponerites kishenehne – type locality for species
  • Populus
    • †Populus adamantea
    • †Populus balsamoides
    • †Populus cedrusensis
    • †Populus cinnamomoides
    • †Populus eotremuloides
    • †Populus lindgreni
    • †Populus nebrascensis
    • †Populus payettensis
    • †Populus washoensis
  • †Potamanthellus
    • †Potamanthellus rubiensis – type locality for species
  • †Potentilla
    • †Potentilla horkelioides
    • †Potentilla salmonensis
  • †Pradjidaumo
    • †Pradjidaumo trilophus
  • †Preissites
    • †Preissites wardi
    • †Preissites wardii
  • †Procerberus
    • †Procerberus formicarum – type locality for species
    • †Procerberus grandis – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Procerberus plutonis
  • †Prochetodon
    • †Prochetodon foxi – type locality for species
  • †Prodesmodon
    • †Prodesmodon copei
  • †Prodiacodon
    • †Prodiacodon concordiarcensis – type locality for species
    • †Prodiacodon crustulum – type locality for species
    • †Prodiacodon furor – type locality for species
  • Fossil of the Eocene ant Proiridomyrmex
    †Proiridomyrmex
    • †Proiridomyrmex rotundatus – type locality for species
  • †Prokalotermes
    • †Prokalotermes alderensis – type locality for species
  • †Promerycochoerus
    • †Promerycochoerus superbus
  • †Promioclaenus
    • †Promioclaenus acolytus
  • †Pronodens
    • †Pronodens silberlingi – type locality for species
  • †Pronothodectes
    • †Pronothodectes matthewi – type locality for species
  • †Propalaeosinopa
    • †Propalaeosinopa albertensis
  • †Proscalops
    • †Proscalops intermedius – type locality for species
  • †Prosciurus
    • †Prosciurus parvus – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Prosciurus vetustus – type locality for species
  • †Prosphyracephala
    • †Prosphyracephala rubiensis – type locality for species
  • Fossil of the Oligocene ant Protazteca
    †Protazteca
    • †Protazteca eocenica – type locality for species
  • †Protentomodon
    • †Protentomodon ursirivalis – type locality for species
  • †Prothryptacodon
    • †Prothryptacodon furens – type locality for species
  • †Protictis
    • †Protictis haydenianus
    • †Protictis microlestes
  • †Protochriacus
    • †Protochriacus simplex
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Protohippus
    †Protohippus
  • †Protolabis
    • †Protolabis gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Protoreodon
    • †Protoreodon pearcei
    • †Protoreodon pumilus
  • †Protungulatum
    • †Protungulatum donnae
    • †Protungulatum gorgun – type locality for species
    • †Protungulatum sloani – type locality for species
  • †Provaranosaurus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Proxestops
    • †Proxestops silberlingi
    • †Proxestops silberlingii – type locality for species
  • Prunus
    • †Prunus careyhurstia
    • †Prunus corrugis
    • †Prunus lyoniifolia – type locality for species
    • †Prunus morangensis
    • †Prunus perita
    • †Prunus scottii
    • †Prunus wilcoxiana
  • Replica of a fossilized cranium of the Miocene horse Pseudhipparion
    †Pseudhipparion
  • †Pseudocylindrodon
    • †Pseudocylindrodon medius – type locality for species
    • †Pseudocylindrodon neglectus – type locality for species
  • †Pseudolarix
    • †Pseudolarix americana
  • †Pseudomesoreodon – type locality for genus
    • †Pseudomesoreodon rooneyi – type locality for species
  • Pseudomyrmex
    • †Pseudomyrmex saxulum – type locality for species
  • †Pseudotettigonia
    • †Pseudotettigonia leona – type locality for species
  • †Pseudotheridomys
  • †Pseudotrimylus
  • †Pseudotsuga
    • †Pseudotsuga longifolia
    • †Pseudotsuga sonomensis
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene taeniodont mammal Psittacotherium
    †Psittacotherium
    • †Psittacotherium multifragum
  • Ptelea
    • †Ptelea miocenica
  • †Ptenidium
    • †Ptenidium kishenehnicum – type locality for species
  • Pteris
  • Pterocarya
    • †Pterocarya hispida
  • †Ptilodus
    • †Ptilodus kummae
    • †Ptilodus montanus – type locality for species
    • †Ptilodus tsosiensis
  • Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene primate relative Purgatorius
    †Purgatorius
    • †Purgatorius janisae – type locality for species
    • †Purgatorius titusi – type locality for species
    • †Purgatorius unio – type locality for species
  • †Pyracantha
    • †Pyracantha spatulata – type locality for species

Q
  • A living Quercus, or oak tree
    Quercus
    • †Quercus convexa
    • †Quercus dayana
    • †Quercus dispersa – tentative report
    • †Quercus eoprinus
    • †Quercus hannibali
    • †Quercus prelobata
    • †Quercus prevariabilis
    • †Quercus pseudolyrata
    • †Quercus simulata
    • †Quercus sullyi
    • †Quercus winstanleyi

R
  • †Rana – or unidentified comparable form
  • Rangifer
    • A living Rangifer tarandus, or reindeer
      †Rangifer tarandus
  • †Rhamnites
    • †Rhamnites pseudostenophyllus
  • †Rhamnus
  • Rhus
    • †Rhus milleri
    • †Rhus miosuccedanea
    • †Rhus obscura
    • †Rhus praeovata
    • †Rhus stellariaefolia
  • †Robinia
    • †Robinia californica
    • †Robinia lesquereuxi
  • Rosa
    • †Rosa hilliae

S
  • Sabal
    • †Sabal grayana
    • †Sabal imperialis
    • †Sabal powelli
  • †Saccoloma
    • †Saccoloma gardneri
  • A living Salix, or willow
    Salix
    • †Salix aquilina
    • †Salix cockerelli
    • †Salix hesperia
    • †Salix knowltoni
    • †Salix laevigatoides
    • †Salix longiacuminata
    • †Salix schimperi
    • †Salix stipulata – type locality for species
    • †Salix succorensis
    • †Salix taxifolioides
    • †Salix truckeana
    • †Salix wildcatensis
    • †Salix wimmeriana
  • †Sambucus
    • †Sambucus newtoni
  • †Sapindus
    • †Sapindus coloradensis
  • Sassafras
  • †Scalopoides
  • †Scapherpeton
    • †Scapherpeton tectum
  • †Scaphohippus
    • †Scaphohippus intermontanus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Scenopagus
  • †Schizotheriodes
    • †Schizotheriodes parvus – type locality for species
  • †Scotiophryne – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Scottimus
    • †Scottimus longiquus – type locality for species
    • †Scottimus viduus
  • †Selaginella
    • †Selaginella collieri
    • †Selaginella monstrosa
  • †Senoprosopis
    • †Senoprosopis beckeri – type locality for species
  • Sequoia
  • †Sespemys – tentative report
  • †Simoedosaurus
  • †Simpson
    • †Simpson lists
  • †Simpsonictis
    • †Simpsonictis tenuis
  • †Smilax
    • †Smilax trinervis
  • †Solenopsites
    • †Solenopsites abdita – type locality for species
  • †Sophora
    • †Sophora spokanensis
  • †Sorbus
    • †Sorbus harneyensis
  • †Sparganium
    • †Sparganium antiquum
  • Spea
    • †Spea neuter
  • Spermophilus
    • †Spermophilus jerae – type locality for species
    • †Spermophilus primitivus
    • †Spermophilus richardsonii
  • †Spiraea
    • †Spiraea clavidens
    • †Spiraea decurrens
  • †Stelocyon
    • †Stelocyon arctylos – type locality for species
  • †Steneofiber
    • †Steneofiber gradatus – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Steneofiber hesperus
  • †Stenoechinus
    • †Stenoechinus tantalus – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Stenomylus
    †Stenomylus
    • †Stenomylus hitchcocki – or unidentified comparable form
  • Sterculia
    • †Sterculia wilcoxiana
  • †Stibarus
    • †Stibarus montanus – type locality for species
  • †Stilpnodon
    • †Stilpnodon simplicidens – type locality for species
  • †Stygimys
    • †Stygimys camptorhiza – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Stygimys gratus
    • †Stygimys jepseni – type locality for species
    • †Stygimys kuszmauli – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Miocene deer relative Subdromomeryx. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
    †Subdromomeryx
    • †Subdromomeryx antilopinus
  • †Subhyracodon
    • †Subhyracodon mitis
    • †Subhyracodon occidentalis
  • †Submerycochoerus
    • †Submerycochoerus bannackensis – type locality for species
  • Sylvicola – or unidentified related form
  • Sylvilagus
    • †Sylvilagus nuttallii
  • †Symplocarpus
    • †Symplocarpus prefoetidus

T
  • Restoration of the Paleocene multituberculate mammal Taeniolabis
    †Taeniolabis
    • †Taeniolabis lamberti – type locality for species
  • †Tapocyon
    • †Tapocyon robustus
  • †Tardontia
    • †Tardontia occidentale – or unidentified comparable form
  • Taricha
    • †Taricha miocenica – type locality for species
  • Taxodium
    • †Taxodium dubium
    • †Taxodium olriki
  • †Tectochara
    • †Tectochara grambastorum
  • Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras
    †Teleoceras
  • †Tenudomys – tentative report
  • †Tephrodytes – type locality for genus
    • †Tephrodytes brassicarvalis – type locality for species
  • †Ternstroemites
    • †Ternstroemites aureavallis
  • †Tetraclaenodon
    • †Tetraclaenodon puercensis
  • Thomomys
    • †Thomomys taloides
    • A living Thomomys talpoides, or northern pocket gopher
      †Thomomys talpoides
  • †Thrinax
    • †Thrinax dorfi
  • †Thryptacodon
    • †Thryptacodon australis – or unidentified comparable form
    • †Thryptacodon orthogonius – tentative report
    • †Thryptacodon pseudarctos – type locality for species
  • †Thuja
    • †Thuja dimorpha
    • †Thuja interrupta
  • †Thylacodon
    • †Thylacodon montanensis – type locality for species
    • †Thylacodon pusillus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ticholeptus
    • †Ticholeptus zygomaticus
  • Tilia
    • †Tilia aspera
    • †Tilia inaequalis
  • †Tinuviel
    • †Tinuviel eurydice
  • Tipula
    • †Tipula carolae – type locality for species
    • †Tipula rubiensis – type locality for species
  • Life restoration of the Paleocene pantodonts mammal Titanoides
    †Titanoides
    • †Titanoides gidleyi
  • †Trapa
    • †Trapa angulata
    • †Trapa paulula
  • †Tricentes
    • †Tricentes subtrigonus
  • †Trigenicus
    • †Trigenicus profectus
  • †Trigonias
    • †Trigonias osborni
  • †Trilaccogaulus
    • †Trilaccogaulus montanensis
  • †Triplopides
    • †Triplopides rieli – type locality for species
  • †Triplopus
    • †Triplopus rhinocerinus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Trochodendroides
    • †Trochodendroides flabella
  • †Trogolemur – tentative report
  • †Tropidia
    • †Tropidia tumulata – type locality for species
  • †Tullochelys
    • †Tullochelys montana
  • †Tylocephalonyx
  • Typha
    • †Typha lesquereuxi

U
  • †Ulmeriella
    • †Ulmeriella rubiensis – type locality for species
  • A living Ulmus, or elm
    Ulmus
    • †Ulmus montanensis
    • †Ulmus moorei
    • †Ulmus paucidentata
    • †Ulmus rhamnifolia
    • †Ulmus speciosa
  • †Unuchinia
    • †Unuchinia asaphes – type locality for species
  • †Ursolestes – type locality for genus
    • †Ursolestes perpetior – type locality for species
  • Ursus

V
  • A variety of modern Vaccinium species, clockwise from top right: cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, and huckleberries
    †Vaccinium
    • †Vaccinium sophoroides
  • †Valenopsalis
    • †Valenopsalis joyneri – type locality for species
  • †Vauquelinia
    • †Vauquelinia coloradensis
    • †Vauquelinia coloradica
  • †Viburnum
    • †Viburnum antiquorum
    • †Viburnum kraeuseli
  • †Viguiera
    • †Viguiera cronquisti
  • Leaves and fruit of a living Vitis, or grapevine
    Vitis
    • †Vitis lobata
    • †Vitis muscadinioides
    • †Vitis olriki
    • †Vitis washingtonensis
  • †Viverravus – tentative report

W
  • †Wilsoneumys
  • Living Woodwardia ferns
    †Woodwardia
    • †Woodwardia arctica
  • †Wortmania – or unidentified comparable form

X

Z
  • Leaf of a living Zelkova tree
    Zelkova
    • †Zelkova drymeja
    • †Zelkova hesperia
    • †Zelkova krymeja
    • †Zelkova nervosa
    • †Zelkova oregoniana
    • †Zelkova planeroides
    • †Zelkova ungeri
  • †Zeunerella – tentative report
    • †Zeunerella lewisi – type locality for species
  • †Zygodactylus[2]
    • †Zygodactylus ochlurus – type locality for species[3]
gollark: Induction is good.
gollark: You should prove it inductively.
gollark: But then you might run out of RAM.#
gollark: Well, that's the conventional wisdom.
gollark: Hard disks and SSDs have worse latency, you see.

References
  1. Alexander B. Doweld (2019). "New names for Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil. Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae". Phytotaxa. 388 (2): 179–191. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.5.
  2. Tobin L. Hieronymus; David A. Waugh; Julia A. Clarke (2019). "A new zygodactylid species indicates the persistence of stem passerines into the early Oligocene in North America". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 19 (1): Article 3. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1319-6. PMC 6321701. PMID 30611195.
  3. Tobin L. Hieronymus; David A. Waugh; Julia A. Clarke (2019). "A new zygodactylid species indicates the persistence of stem passerines into the early Oligocene in North America". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 19 (1): Article 3. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1319-6. PMC 6321701. PMID 30611195.


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