Woodwardia

Woodwardia is a genus of ferns in the family Blechnaceae, in the suborder Aspleniineae (eupolypods II) of the order Polypodiales.[2][3] Species are known as chain ferns. The genus is native to warm temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are large ferns, with fronds growing to 50–300 cm long depending on the species.

Woodwardia
Temporal range: 15.6–0 Ma Middle Miocene to present[1]
Woodwardia radicans
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Blechnaceae
Subfamily: Woodwardiodeae
Genus: Woodwardia
Sm.
Species

See text.

Synonyms
  • Anchistea C.Presl
  • Chieniopteris Ching
  • Lorinseria C.Presl

Taxonomy

Woodwardia was first described by James Edward Smith in 1793.[4] It was named after Thomas Jenkinson Woodward.[5] When broadly circumscribed, the genus contains about 15 species (plus some hybrids). In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the genera Anchistea and Lorinseria (each with one species) are kept separate.[2]

Species

As of August 2019, Plants of the World Online accepts the following species,[6] excluding those placed in other genera in the PPG I system.[2]

  • Woodwardia auriculata Blume
  • Woodwardia fimbriata Sm.
  • Woodwardia harlandii Hook.
  • Woodwardia intermedia Christ
  • Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Sm.
  • Woodwardia kempii Copel.
  • Woodwardia magnifica Ching & P.S.Chiu
  • Woodwardia martinezii Maxon ex Weath.
  • Woodwardia orientalis (Sw.) Sw.
  • Woodwardia prolifera Hook. & Arn.
  • Woodwardia radicans (L.) Sm.
  • Woodwardia spinulosa M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai

Species placed elsewhere in PPG I are:[2]

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References
  1. Pigg, Kathleen B. & Rothwell, Gar W. (2001). "Anatomically preserved Woodwardia virginica (Blechnaceae) and a new Filicalean fern from the Middle Miocene Yakima Canyon Flora of central Washington, USA" American Journal of Botany 88(5):777-787.
  2. PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi:10.1111/jse.12229.
  3. Maarten J. M. Christenhusz; Xian-Chun Zhang & Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54.
  4. "Woodwardia Sm". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2019-08-09.
  5. McConnell, Anita. "Woodward, Thomas Jenkinson". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26073. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  6. "Woodwardia Sm.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2019-08-09.
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