Lakas–CMD

Lakas–CMD (Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats) is a center-right political party in the Philippines, influenced by Christian democracy and Islamic democracy. The current party originated in 2009 with the merger of the original Lakas–CMD party with the Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI); it was known as Lakas Kampi CMD until 2012. The party produced one president, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who was president when the two parties merged in 2009.

This article is about the party founded in 2009. For the original party founded in 1991, see Lakas–CMD (1991).

Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats

Lakas–Demokratang Kristiyano at Muslim
AbbreviationLakas–CMD
PresidentMartin Romualdez
ChairpersonBong Revilla Jr.
Secretary-GeneralProspero Pichay Jr.
FounderFidel Ramos
Raul Manglapus
Founded1991 (1991) (historical)
June 18, 2008 (2008-06-18) (modern)
Merger ofLakas–CMD and KAMPI
Headquarters3/F, Universal Re Building, 106 Paseo de Roxas, Legazpi Village, Makati, 1229 Metro Manila
IdeologyChristian democracy
Islamic democracy
Green politics
Liberal conservatism
Filipino nationalism
Federalism[1][2]
Parliamentarism
Political positionCentre to centre-right[3]
National affiliationCoalition for Change
International affiliationCentrist Democrat International
Colors                    Sky blue, gold, green, orange
Seats in the Senate
1 / 24
Seats in the House of Representatives
17 / 304
Provincial governorships
2 / 81
Provincial board members
18 / 1,023
City and municipal mayorships
67 / 1,634
City and municipal councilors
514 / 16,812
  • Politics of Philippines
  • Political parties
  • Elections

With Arroyo unable to run for a new term due to term limits, the party lost the 2010 presidential election with Gilberto Teodoro as its presidential nominee. The party retained its two senators, both incumbents, in the Senate election and became a part of the Liberal Party-led majority coalition; in the House of Representatives election, it won 47% of the seats contested in the district election, but most of its members were split into three groups, with many defecting to the Liberal Party, some formed the National Unity Party, and the remaining members were split into the majority and minority blocs, with its members heading the minority. On May 11, 2012, the party decided to revert to its original name and drop Arroyo's KAMPI from the coalition.[4] Lakas–CMD is currently one of the parties in opposition. In 2013, Sen. Bong Revilla became chairman of Lakas. He was supposed to be the standard bearer of the party in the 2016 presidential election prior to his detention at the PNP custodial center at Camp Crame due to his alleged involvement in the pork barrel scam.[5][6]

Ideology

Lakas–CMD has always focused on economic growth and development, stronger ties with the United States, creation of jobs, and strong cooperation between the executive and legislative branches of government. It is known for its advocacy of a shift from the present presidential system to a parliamentary form of government through constitutional amendments and through establishing peace talks with Muslim separatists and communist rebels. The party democracy is distinct in its ecumenical inclusion of Muslim leaders in its political alliance.[3]

History
See also: Lakas–CMD (1991) and Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino

Arroyo administration

On January 16, 2008, Lakas spokesman and legal counsel Raul Lambino stated that Lakas–CMD officially released the list of senatorial bets for 2010—spokesman in 2010. Except for Parañaque Representative Eduardo Zialcita, they were not yet identified. But Lambino named incumbent Senators Ramon Revilla, Jr. and Lito Lapid, former senator Ralph Recto and former Congressman Prospero Pichay as among those considered.[7]

Former Speaker of the House Jose de Venecia, Jr. (Pangasinan −4th District) resigned his post as president of Lakas–CMD on March 10, 2008; he rejected the proposition of former president Fidel Ramos to give him the title Chairman-emeritus. The current Speaker of the House Prospero Nograles (Davao −1st District) was sworn it as the new president of Lakas–CMD party and former Speaker of the house Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. as vice president for Metro Manila affairs on the same day.

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on June 18, 2008, confirmed the historical merger of the Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats (Lakas–CMD) and the Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI) parties. Both parties adopted the "equity of the incumbent" principle, as the merger would account for almost 200 national and 8,000 local officials, amid Mrs. Arroyo's prediction of 2010 elections victory. Prospero Nograles, Lakas President and Kampi Chair Ronaldo Puno signed the covenant at the Davao City regional caucus.[8][9] Former President and Lakas–CMD Chairman Emeritus Fidel V. Ramos announced on February 6, 2008 that Lakas–CMD would be the surviving entity after its merger with KAMPI.[10]

On August 9, 2009, Former House Speaker Jose de Venecia, Jr. and Former President Fidel V. Ramos led fifty members from the Lakas Kampi CMD in objecting to its merger with Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI) on May 28, 2009. The faction made de Venecia its President with Ramos as the Chairman Emeritus of the new party, Ramos refused the offer of Chairman Emeritus of Lakas-Kampi after being named in interim party organization. De Venecia has filed a resolution at the Commission on Elections to declare null and void the merger.[11] However, the Supreme Court ultimately upheld the legality of the merger,[12] citing the failure of de Venecia "to sufficiently show that any grave abuse of discretion was committed by the Commission on Elections in rendering the challenged resolution."[13]

Aquino III administration

Since Benigno Aquino III was sworn in as President of the Philippines on June 30, 2010, the majority of the former legislative member of Lakas-Kampi were sworn as a members of the reborn Liberal Party. In 2011, the legislators led by Pablo P. Garcia established the neutral National Unity Party, which has many similarities with the Nationalist People's Coalition. In 2013, the party suffered its largest decline, due to the arrest of the party's matriarch, Gloria Arroyo; however the remaining party largely supports the United Nationalist Alliance, with candidates from among its former members such as Migz Zubiri, Richard Gordon and Mitos Magsaysay.

Duterte administration
Main article: Coalition for Change (Philippines)

In the 2016 Presidential Elections, Lakas supports the candidacy of Rodrigo "Rody/Digong" Duterte and Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos, Jr. for President and Vice President respectively, which Duterte won and Marcos lost to Liberal Party candidate Ma. Leonora "Leni" Robredo. In July 2017, Revilla was sworn into Duterte's party PDP-Laban, and in October, Macapagal Arroyo and her allies, also joins PDP-Laban.

In September 2018 House Minority Leader and Quezon Rep. Danilo Suarez announced that Lakas–CMD is rebuilding and "will soon regain the political dominance it lost after Arroyo stepped down as president in 2010."[14]

In the 2019 election, Lakas made a comeback in the Senate, with the election of Bong Revilla. The party also won a dozen seats in the House of Representatives, and hundreds won in local races.

Current party officials
  • Chairman Emeritus: Former President Fidel V. Ramos
  • National President: Majority Floor Leader Ferdinand Martin Romualdez
  • Chairman: Senator Bong Revilla Jr.
  • Co-Chairmen:
    • Danilo Suarez, Governor of Quezon
  • Executive Vice President:Governor Arthur Defensor Sr., Iloilo
  • Secretary-General: Representative Prospero Pichay Jr., 1st district of Surigao del Sur
  • SVP for Internal Affairs: Representative Bernardo Vergara, Lone District of Baguio City
  • SVP for External Affairs: Representative Arthur Yap, 3rd District of Bohol
  • SVP for Finance: Representative Aurelio Gonzales, Jr., 3rd District of Pampanga

List of Party Chairmen
  • Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2008–2009)
  • Gilberto Teodoro (2009–2010)
  • Amelita Villarosa (2010)
  • Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2010–2011)
  • Edcel Lagman (2011–2012)
  • Bong Revilla, Jr. (2012–Present)

Candidates for the Philippine general election, 2010

Senatorial Slate (6)

Candidates for the Philippine general election, 2016

Senatorial Slate

Candidates for the Philippine general election, 2019

Senatorial Slate

Current members, 18th Congress

House of Representatives
Main article: 18th Congress of the Philippines

District Representatives

Partylist Allieds

Electoral performance

President
Election Candidate Number of votes Share of votes Outcome of election
2010 Gilberto Teodoro 4,095,839 11.33% Lost
2016 N/A N/A N/A supports Grace Poe and Rodrigo Duterte

Vice president
Election Candidate Number of votes Share of votes Outcome of election
2010 Edu Manzano 807,728 2.30% Lost
2016 N/A N/A N/A supporting Chiz Escudero, Bongbong Marcos and Antonio Trillanes

Senate

This chart shows the electoral performance of the Lakas Kampi CMD in Senate elections since 2010.

Election Number of votes Share of votes Seats won Seats after Outcome of election
2010 38,123,091 13.84%
2 / 12
3 / 24
 Split; PMP-led coalition, lost
2013 Did not participate N/A
0 / 12
2 / 24
 Liberal Party-led coalition
2016 13,056,845 4.08%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost
2019 22,240,710 6.15%
1 / 12
1 / 24
 NPC-led coalition

House of Representatives

This chart shows the electoral performance of the Lakas Kampi CMD in House of Representatives elections since 2010.

Election Number of votes Share of votes Seats Outcome of election
2010 13,242,191 38.62%
107 / 287
 Split; Liberal Party-led coalition, lost
2013 1,472,464 5.34%
14 / 292
 Split; Liberal Party-led coalition, lost
2016 573,843 1.54%
4 / 297
 PDP-Laban-led coalition
2019 1,928,716 4.80%
11 / 304
 Nacionalista-led coalition
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References
  1. "Romualdez reaffirms support for Duterte's federalism agenda". Philippine Daily Inquirer. June 5, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2020.
  2. Manalastas, Jester P. (June 5, 2019). "Federalism push renewed". Retrieved January 16, 2020.
  3. "Southeast Asia In The New International Era". 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
  4. "Lakas drops GMA's Kampi from coalition". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on May 14, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
  5. Boncocan, Karen (January 31, 2013). "Bong Revilla a strong contender in 2016 – Lakas-CMD". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
  6. "Bong Revilla off to surrender to anti-graft court". Rappler. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
  7. Inquirer.net, Lakas lists down 30 senatorial bets for 2010—spokesman Archived September 10, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  8. "Manila Standard Today – Latest News in the Philippines". Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  9. "Lakas-CMD, Kampi merge". GMA News Online. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  10. "Ramos: De Venecia to remain president in Lakas-Kampi merger". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  11. "Lakas-Kampi-CMD merger in peril". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on April 27, 2015. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  12. "Manila Standard Today – Latest News in the Philippines". Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  13. "Taxi hinoldap". The Philippine Star. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  14. "Lakas-CMD party rebuilding; GMA return being anticipated". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved September 29, 2018.
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