Hollywood, Florida

Hollywood is a city in Broward County, Florida, between Fort Lauderdale and Miami.[7] The average temperature is between 68 and 83 °F (20 and 28 °C). As of July 1, 2019, Hollywood had a population of 154,817.[4] Founded in 1925, the city grew rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s, and is now the twelfth-largest city in Florida.[8] Hollywood is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census.

Hollywood, Florida
City of Hollywood
Hollywood, Florida water tower
Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Diamond of the Gold Coast
Hollywood, Florida
Location of Hollywood in the state of Florida
Hollywood, Florida
Hollywood, Florida (the United States)
Coordinates: 26°1′17″N 80°10′30″W
CountryUnited States
StateFlorida
CountyBroward
FoundedFebruary 18, 1921
IncorporatedNovember 28, 1925
Government
  TypeCommission-manager
  MayorJosh Levy (R)[1]
  Vice MayorKevin D. Biederman
  CommissionersCaryl Shuham, Peter D. Hernandez, Traci L. Callari, Richard S. Blattner, and Linda Sherwood
  City ManagerWazir Ishmael
  City ClerkPatricia Cerny
Area
  Total30.80 sq mi (79.76 km2)
  Land27.27 sq mi (70.63 km2)
  Water3.52 sq mi (9.13 km2)  11.23%
Elevation9 ft (3 m)
Population
 (2010)
  Total140,768
  Estimate 
(2019)[4]
154,817
  Density5,676.98/sq mi (2,191.91/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
  Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP codes
33004, 33009, 33019-33021, 33023, 33024, 33312, 33314, 33316
Area code(s)954, 754
FIPS code12-32000[5]
GNIS feature ID0284176[6]
Websitewww.HollywoodFL.org

History

Joseph Young arrived in South Florida in 1920 to create his own “Dream City in Florida.” His vision included the beaches of the Atlantic Ocean stretching westward with man made lakes, infrastructure, roads and the Intracoastal waterway. He wanted to include large parks, schools, churches, and golf courses; these were all industries and activities which were very important to Young's life. After Young spent millions of dollars on the construction of the city, he was elected as the first mayor in 1925. This new town quickly became home to northerners known as snowbirds. These snowbirds flee the north during the winter and then escape the south during the summer to avoid the harsh climates. By 1960, Hollywood contained more than 2,400 hotel units along with the construction of 12,170 single family homes.[9] Young bought up thousands of acres of land around 1920, and named his new town "Hollywood by the Sea" to distinguish it from his other real estate venture, "Hollywood in the Hills", in New York.

Hollywood beach in August 2014

The Florida guide, published by the Federal Writers' Project, describes the early development of Hollywood, an early example of a planned community that proliferated in Florida during the real estate boom of the 1920s:

During the early days of development here, 1,500 trucks and tractors were engaged in clearing land and grading streets; two yacht basins, designed by General George Washington Goethals, chief engineer in the construction of the Panama Canal, were dredged and connected with the Intracostal Waterway. A Large power plant was installed, and when the city lights went on for the first time, ships at sea reported that Miami was on fire, and their radio alarms and the red glow in the sky brought people to the rescue from miles around. [10]

Federal Writers'Project, "Part III: The Florida Loop", Florida: A Guide to the Southernmost State (1947)

Prospective purchasers of land were enticed by free hotel accommodation and entertainment, and "were driven about the city-to-be on trails blazed through palmetto thickets; so desolate and forlorn were some stretches that many women became hysterical, it is said, and a few fainted.[10] Young had a vision of having lakes, golf courses, a luxury beach hotel (Hollywood Beach Hotel, now Hollywood Beach Resort), country clubs, and a main street, Hollywood Boulevard.[11] After the 1926 Miami hurricane, Hollywood was severely damaged; local newspapers reported that Hollywood was second only to Miami in losses from the storm.[9] Following Young's death in 1934, the city encountered other destructive hurricanes and the stock market crashed with personal financial misfortunes.[11]

Following the damage inflicted by Hurricane Irma in 2017, an initiative called Rebuild Florida was created by the Florida Department of Economic Opportunity (DEO) to provide aid to citizens affected by the natural disaster. The initial focus of Rebuild Florida was its Housing Repair Program, which offered assistance in rebuilding families' homes that were impacted by Hurricane Irma. The program priorities low-income vulnerable residents, such as the disabled, the elderly and those families with children under five.

Timeline

Timeline of Hollywood, Florida

Geography

Hollywood is located at 26°1′17″N 80°10′30″W (26.021467, -80.174910).[28]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 30.8 square miles (80 km2), of which 27.34 square miles (71 km2) is land and 3.46 square miles (9 km2) is covered by water (11.23%).[29]

Hollywood is in southeastern Broward County, and includes about 5 to 6 miles (8.0 to 9.7 km) of Atlantic Ocean beach, interrupted briefly by a portion deeded to Dania Beach. It is bounded by these municipalities:

To the north:

To the northwest:

To the west:

To the southwest:

To the south:

Hollywood has a tropical rainforest climate, with hot, humid summers and warm, dry winters.

Climate data for Hollywood, Florida
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 88
(31)
94
(34)
92
(33)
94
(34)
98
(37)
97
(36)
99
(37)
98
(37)
98
(37)
98
(37)
91
(33)
88
(31)
99
(37)
Average high °F (°C) 76
(24)
77
(25)
79
(26)
82
(28)
86
(30)
88
(31)
90
(32)
90
(32)
89
(32)
86
(30)
81
(27)
77
(25)
83
(28)
Average low °F (°C) 59
(15)
60
(16)
63
(17)
66
(19)
71
(22)
74
(23)
75
(24)
76
(24)
75
(24)
72
(22)
67
(19)
62
(17)
68
(20)
Record low °F (°C) 28
(−2)
31
(−1)
32
(0)
40
(4)
54
(12)
60
(16)
64
(18)
66
(19)
61
(16)
47
(8)
35
(2)
30
(−1)
28
(−2)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.94
(75)
2.70
(69)
2.80
(71)
3.91
(99)
6.33
(161)
10.01
(254)
6.70
(170)
6.88
(175)
8.26
(210)
6.44
(164)
4.57
(116)
2.65
(67)
64.19
(1,630)
Source: [30]
Hollywood Beach in March 2008.

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.
19302,689
19406,239132.0%
195014,351130.0%
196035,237145.5%
1970106,873203.3%
1980121,32313.5%
1990121,6970.3%
2000139,35714.5%
2010140,7681.0%
Est. 2019154,817[4]10.0%
[31][32][33]
Hollywood Demographics
2010 CensusHollywoodBroward CountyFlorida
Total population140,7681,748,06618,801,310
Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010+1.0%+7.7%+17.6%
Population density5,143.8/sq mi1,444.9/sq mi350.6/sq mi
White72.7%63.1%75.0%
(Non-Hispanic White)47.5%43.5%57.9%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)32.6%25.1%22.5%
Black or African-American16.7%26.7%16.0%
Asian2.4%3.2%2.4%
Native American or Native Alaskan0.4%0.3%0.4%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian0.1%0.1%0.1%
Two or more races (Multiracial)3.2%2.9%2.5%
Some Other Race4.5%3.7%3.6%

As of 2000, there were 59,673 households out of which 24.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.2% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.00.

Sun rising over the Atlantic Ocean in Hollywood
Hollywood's paved beach Boardwalk

The city's age demographic shows a mixed population with 21.3% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 90.9 men.

The median income for a household in the city was $40,714, and the median income for a family was $55,849. Males had a median income of $33,102 versus $21,237 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,097. About 9.9% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.1% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over.

As of 2000, speakers of English as a first language accounted for 66.94% of residents, Spanish accounted for 21.62%, French made up 2.06%, French Creole consisted of 1.32%, Italian comprised 1.12%, Romanian was at 0.91%, Hebrew at 0.88%, Portuguese 0.84%, and German as a mother tongue was 0.72% of the population.[34]

As of 2000, Hollywood had the seventy-fifth highest percentage of Cuban residents in the U.S., at 4.23% of the city's population,[35] and the sixty-fifth highest percentage of Colombian residents in the US, at 2.26% of the city's population (tied with both the town and village of Mount Kisco, New York.)[36] It also had the fifty-seventh highest percentage of Peruvian residents in the US, at 1.05% of the city's population (tied with Locust Valley, New York),[37] and the twentieth highest percentage of Romanian residents in the US, at 1.1% of the its population (tied with several other areas in the US).[38]

Attractions

Hollywood has about 60 parks, seven golf courses, and sandy beaches.

Hollywood Beach has a broadwalk which extends about 2.5 miles along the Atlantic Ocean.[7] Parking is available on side streets or in parking garages for a fee, and public trolleys run through the day. restaurants and hotels line the broadwalk along with a theatre, children's playground, and other attractions including bicycle rental shops, ice cream parlors, souvenir shops, and a farmer's market. The broadwalk is used for walking and jogging, and there is a bike lane for bicyclists and rollerbladers.

Guided tours along the Intercostal Waterway are common in Hollywood Florida. The Intercostal is parallel to the Atlantic Ocean and provides both tourists and locals with the exploration of nature and observation of surroundings.

Young Circle is another area surrounded by shops, restaurants, and bars. A Food Truck Takeover occurs every Monday, during which dozens of local food trucks park and offer a variety of cuisines including Cuban, Venezuelan, Mediterranean, Mexican, Jamaican, and Peruvian foods in addition to barbecue, burgers, gourmet grilled cheese, and dessert trucks.[39]{{|date=April 2019}}

Economy

Prior to their dissolutions, Commodore Cruise Line and its subsidiary Crown Cruise Line had their headquarters in Hollywood.[40]

Aerospace and electronics parts manufacturer HEICO has its headquarters in Hollywood.[41]

Since 1991, the Invicta Watch Group, a manufacturer of timepieces and writing instruments, has had its headquarters in Hollywood where it also operates its customer service call center.

Top employers

According to the City's 2011 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[42] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Memorial Healthcare System 10,000
2 The Continental Group 3,900
3 City of Hollywood 1,208
4 Diplomat Resort & Spa Hollywood 900
5 Memorial Regional Hospital South 500
6 Brandsmart USA 400
7 HEICO 250
8 Great HealthWorks 220
9 Sheridan Technical College and Technical High School 200
10 Hollywood Woodwork 120

Education

Hollywood is made up of 32 public and charter schools with 13 private schools. The public schools are operated by the Broward County Public Schools.[7]

Public high schools

Public charter schools

Public middle schools

  • Apollo Middle School[45]
  • Attucks Middle School
  • Driftwood Middle School
  • McNicol Middle School
  • Olsen Middle School
  • Beachside Montessori Village[46]

Public elementary schools

  • Mary M. Bethune Elementary School
  • Beachside Montessori Village
  • Boulevard Heights Elementary School
  • Colbert Elementary School
  • Driftwood Elementary School
  • Hollywood Central Elementary School
  • Hollywood Hills Elementary School
  • Hollywood Park Elementary School
  • Oakridge Elementary School
  • Orange Brook Elementary School
  • Sheridan Hills Elementary School
  • Sheridan Park Elementary School
  • Stirling Elementary School
  • West Hollywood Elementary School

Private schools

  • Annunciation School
  • Aukela Christian Military Academy
  • Beacon Hill School
  • Brauser Maimonides Academy
  • Calvary Kids School
  • Chaminade-Madonna College Preparatory School
  • Covenant Teaching Fellowship School
  • Ebony Village School
  • First Presbyterian Pre-School[47]
  • Hollywood Christian School
  • Little Flower School
  • Love Outreach Christian Academy
  • Nativity Elementary School
  • New Mirawood Elementary School
  • Parkway Christian School
  • Patty Cake Academy
  • Pembroke Park Montessori School
  • Phyls Academy
  • Point of Grace Christian Academy
  • Rainbow Montessori School
  • Sheridan Hills Christian School
  • St. Bernadette Catholic School
  • St. Mark's Lutheran School
  • Toddler Technology Academy

Government

City Hall, Hollywood, Florida, 2010

Mayor

List of mayors of Hollywood, Florida
  • Joseph Wesley Young, circa 1925[48]
  • ?
  • Arthur W. Kellner, circa 1935[48]
  • ?
  • Lester Boggs, 1943-1947, 1949-1953[49]
  • Alfred G. Ryll, 1954-1955[50]
  • William G. Zinzil Sr., 1955-1957, 1959-1967[49]
  • E. L. McMorrough, circa 1959[51]
  • David Keating
  • Mara Giulianti, circa 2002[49]
  • Peter Bober, circa 2016
  • Josh Levy, 2016–present[27]

Police department

The city is protected by the Hollywood Police Department.

Crime and Terrorism

On May 2, 2016, the Miami Herald reported about "a man from Hollywood," James Muhammad (legal name James Medina), who planned to bomb a synagogue in Aventura, and who was recorded stating "Aventura, watch your back. ISIS is in the house."[52][53]

Notable people

Neighborhoods

These are the neighborhoods and communities that are officially recognized by the City of Hollywood.[61][62]

  • 441 Corridor
  • Alandco
  • Arapahoe Farms
  • Beverly Hills
  • Beverly Park
  • Boulevard Heights
  • Camino Sheridan
  • Carriage/Carriage Hills
  • Central Business District
  • Condo Presidents
  • Downtown Hollywood
  • Driftwood/Driftwood Acres
  • East Lake
  • Emerald Hills
  • Emerald Oaks
  • Emerald Point
  • Estates of Fort Lauderdale
  • Highland Gardens
  • Hillcrest
  • Hollywood Beach
  • Hollywood Gardens
  • Hollywood Hills
  • Hollywood Lakes
  • Hollywood North Beach
  • Hollywood South Central Beach
  • L'Etoile at Emerald Point
  • Lake Eden
  • Lakes of Emerald Hills
  • Lawnacres
  • Liberia
  • Mapleridge
  • Martin Luther King Jr. Community
  • North Central
  • Oak Point
  • Oakridge
  • Oakwood Hills
  • Park East
  • Park Side
  • Playland/Playland Village
  • Playland Estates
  • Quadomain
  • Royal Poinciana
  • Sheridan Oaks
  • Stirling Commercial
  • The Homes at East Lake
  • The Townhouses of Emerald Hills
  • The Wood of Emerald Hills
  • T.Y. (Topeekeegee Yugnee) Park
  • Washington Park
  • West Hollywood

Sister cities

Hollywood has eight sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:

Transportation

Hollywood is served by Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, the 22nd busiest airport in the United States.[63] Broward County Transit operates several bus routes that pass through the city of Hollywood, such as the 1 on US 1 (Federal Highway).[64] It is also served by Tri-Rail stations at Sheridan Street and Hollywood.

The television game show Hollywood Squares taped a week of shows at the historic Diplomat Hotel in 1987 and featured aerial footage shot over Hollywood, Florida.[65]

Episode 15 of Season 6 of the HBO crime drama The Sopranos featured scenes shot in the vicinity of the Hollywood Beach Marriott along Carolina Street. [66]

The Art and Culture Center of Hollywood is the exterior of the police substation in the now cancelled TV show The Glades.

The comedy series Big Time in Hollywood, FL is set in Hollywood, Florida.

Historic structures

Pictured are some of the remaining historic structures of Hollywood:[67][68]

gollark: Wikipedia says:> The National Institutes of Health says there is no known way of preventing myopia, and the use of glasses or contact lenses does not affect its progression.
gollark: How are they hassle-free? You have to carry them around and not randomly break them and stuff.
gollark: Hmm, hopefully laser eye surgery will decline in cost over the next few decædes!
gollark: ħ
gollark: Pro-glaßes propaganda!

See also

References

  1. "Josh Levy Is The New Mayor of Hollywood". 8 November 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  2. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
  3. "Hollywood, United States Page". Falling Rain Genomics. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
  4. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  5. "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  6. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  7. "Hollywood, FL - Official Website - About Hollywood". hollywoodfl.org. Retrieved 2016-04-22.
  8. "Hollywood History". City of Hollywood. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
  9. "Hollywood, FL - Official Website - History of Hollywood". hollywoodfl.org. Retrieved 2016-04-22.
  10. Florida Writers' Project (1947). Florida: A Guide to the Southernmost State. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 320.
  11. Oliver, Kitty (2012-09-18). Race & Change in Hollywood, Florida. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9781439627655.
  12. Hellmann 2006.
  13. "Broward County History: a Timeline" (PDF). Broward County Government. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  14. Florida Legislative Committee on Intergovernmental Relations (2001), Overview of Municipal Incorporations in Florida (PDF), LCIR Report, Tallahassee, archived from the original on 2017-04-28CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  15. "History of Hollywood". City of Hollywood. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  16. Mickelson 2013.
  17. "Movie Theaters in Hollywood, FL". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  18. "Hollywood Elks Lodge celebrates 50 years", Sun-Sentinel, Ft. Lauderdale, April 7, 2017
  19. "Seminole Timeline". Hollywood: Seminole Tribe of Florida. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  20. "Broward County Parks". Broward.org. Broward County Government. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  21. "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  22. "City of Hollywood, Florida". Archived from the original on November 5, 1996 via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
  23. Kevin Hyde; Tamie Hyde (eds.). "United States of America: Florida". Official City Sites. Utah. OCLC 40169021. Archived from the original on August 24, 2000.
  24. "Hollywood city, Florida". QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  25. Florida Legislative Office of Economic and Demographic Research; U.S. Census Bureau (2011), "City of Hollywood", 2010 Census Detailed City Profiles
  26. Civic Impulse, LLC. "Members of Congress". GovTrack. Washington DC. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  27. "Hollywood gears for change as new mayor takes reins", Sun-Sentinel, Fort Lauderdale, November 18, 2016
  28. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  29. "Florida by Place. Population, Housing, Area, and Density: 2000". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2020-02-10. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
  30. "Average Weather for Hollywood, FL - Temperature and Precipitation". Weather.com. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
  31. Hollywood History Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine, Hollywoodfl.org
  32. "U.S. Census, 1980-1990". Census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau.
  33. "Florida Smart - Hollywood". Floridasmart.com.
  34. "MLA Data Center results for Hollywood, Florida". Modern Language Association. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
  35. "Ancestry Map of Cuban Communities". Epodunk.com. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  36. "Ancestry Map of Colombian Communities". Epodunk.com. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  37. "Ancestry Map of Peruvian Communities". Epodunk.com. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  38. "Ancestry Map of Romanian Communities". Epodunk.com. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  39. https://www.manojdey.in/p/hollywood-movies-download.html
  40. "Commodore Holdings Ltd · 10-K · For 9/30/98 · EX-10.V." Securities and Exchange Commission. Retrieved on January 15, 2010.
  41. "Contact Us." HEICO. Retrieved on September 3, 2011. "Corporate Offices 3000 Taft Street Hollywood, FL 33021"
  42. 2011 City of Hollywood Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (PDF), City of Hollywood, retrieved 2012-11-17
  43. "Championship Academy of Distinction". championshipacademy.org.
  44. "BridgePrep Academy - Hollywood Hills Campus". Retrieved July 14, 2018.
  45. "Apollo Middle / Homepage". www.browardschools.com.
  46. "Beachside Montessori Village School Directions". www.browardschools1.com/Page/28884. Retrieved 2017-12-31.
  47. "Welcome to First Presbyterian Church of Hollywood". First Presbyterian Church of Hollywood.
  48. Joan Mickelson (2013). Joseph W. Young, Jr., and the City Beautiful: A Biography of the Founder of Hollywood, Florida. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-6880-5.
  49. C. Richard Roberts (2002). Hollywood. Images of America. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia. ISBN 978-0-7385-1482-6.
  50. Lawrence Kestenbaum (ed.). "Mayors of Hollywood, Florida". Political Graveyard. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
  51. "Edmond L. "Ed" McMorrough". Legacy.com. November 12, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  52. JAY, WEAVER (2 May 2016). "Plot to blow up Aventura synagogue ends with man's arrest". The Miami Herald. Retrieved 3 May 2016. A man from Hollywood is in federal custody [...] James Medina, also known as 'James Muhammad,' [...] Before his arrest, Medina made three videos with his cellphone: In the first, he was recorded saying, "Aventura, watch your back. ISIS is in the house."
  53. McMahon, Paula. "Hollywood man accused of plot to blow up Aventura synagogue". sun-sentinel.com.
  54. Gus Garcia-Roberts (June 25, 2009). "Jon Roberts: Cracked Cowboy (Threats, violence, and kilos of coke are just the start for this cocaine cowboy)". Miami New Times. Retrieved May 12, 2012.
  55. Gus Garcia-Roberts (November 23, 2011). "American Desperado: Co-Author Evan Wright On Coke Cowboy Jon Roberts' Memoir". Miami New Times. Retrieved May 12, 2012.
  56. "Information about Megan Timpf". Softball Canada. Archived from the original on 2012-02-16. Retrieved 2012-07-14.
  57. "John Walsh". Nndb.com. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  58. "Aladdin's Voice Shows His Face At Movie Opening In Hometown - Sun Sentinel". Articles.sun-sentinel.com. 1992-11-28. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  59. "Robert Wexler - U.S. Congress Votes Database - The Washington Post". Projects.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  60. "Lorenzo White Stats - ESPN". Espn.go.com. 1966-04-12. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  61. "Hollywood, Fla. Homeowners Association/Communities". hollywoodfl.org. Archived from the original on 2001-11-07. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  62. "Hollywood, Florida Neighborhood Map". hollywoodfl.org. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
  63. "Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL/KFLL), Florida, USA". Airport Technology.com. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
  64. "System Map" (PDF). Broward County Transit.
  65. "Hollywood Squares in Florida". Retrieved 2015-03-10.
  66. "Sopranos filming location - Hotel in Miami, FL".
  67. "National Register of Historical Places - FLORIDA (FL), Broward County". nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com.
  68. "History of Hollywood - Hollywood, FL - Official Website". www.hollywoodfl.org.

Bibliography

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