Henderson, Texas

Henderson is a city and the county seat of Rusk County,[5] northeast Texas, United States. The population was 13,712 at the 2010 census. Henderson is named for James Pinckney Henderson, the first governor of Texas.

Not to be confused with Henderson County, Texas.
Henderson, Texas
City
Location of Henderson, Texas
Coordinates: 32°9′14″N 94°48′10″W
CountryUnited States
StateTexas
CountyRusk
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager
 • City CouncilMayor J.W. "Buzz" Fullen
Tommy Goode
Michael Searcy
Henry Pace
Melissa Morton
Steve Higginbotham
 • City ManagerJay Abercrombie
Area
 • Total12.04 sq mi (31.19 km2)
 • Land11.95 sq mi (30.95 km2)
 • Water0.09 sq mi (0.23 km2)
Elevation
512 ft (156 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total13,712
 • Estimate 
(2019)[2]
13,154
 • Density1,100.66/sq mi (424.97/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
75652-75654
Area code(s)903/430
FIPS code48-33212[3]
GNIS feature ID1337593[4]
Websitehendersontx.us

The city has functioned as a major crossroads in Northeast Texas over the last two centuries. Several major highways pass through the business district of the town, including U.S. Route 259, Texas State Highway 64, U.S. Route 79, Texas State Highway 43, Texas State Highway 42 and Texas State Highway 64.

Annual events in the city of Henderson include the Heritage Syrup Festival in November, celebrating the east Texas tradition of syrup making, and the East Texas Sacred Harp Convention in August featuring shape note music.

The city has a vibrant downtown historic district, with many buildings dating to before the American Civil War. The city has 19 historical markers, including homes dating from the 1880s, churches, and colleges. Downtown Henderson is one of the most dramatic and charming downtowns in the East Texas area. Colorful, canvas awnings highlight the ornate buildings which house Henderson's downtown merchants and offer shade to downtown shoppers visiting the various antiques stores, clothing stores, and restaurants lining the Main Streets.

History
Henderson welcome sign on U.S. Highway 79
Another look at downtown Henderson
Henderson City Hall
Henderson Municipal Court
Central Fire Station in Henderson
Former Bank of America Building in Henderson
Picture of Calvary Baptist Church Henderson TX
First Baptist Church of Henderson
South Main Street Church of Christ in Henderson

The city of Henderson was established by European Americans before the State of Texas was founded. It was developed on land donated by W.B. Ochiltree and James Smith; it became the county seat of Rusk County when an act of legislature created Rusk County on January 16, 1843. The First Methodist and First Baptist churches were established in 1842 and 1845, respectively. The first courthouse, made of wood, was completed in 1849. After the Civil War, the International and Great Northern Railroad crossed through Rusk County but bypassed Henderson. In 1874, the Henderson and Overton Branch Railroad Company built a stretch of railroad connecting Henderson to the tracks running through Overton. This stretch of railroad was later sold to the Missouri Pacific Railroad (now Union Pacific) and remains in use to this day.

In 1878, a small fire destroyed the courthouse, and a brick courthouse was built in its place. This encouraged the construction of several other brick buildings, including the Howard Dickinson House, now a historical site.

In 1930, C. M. "Dad" Joiner brought in the Daisy Bradford #3 Discovery Well six miles northwest of Henderson. The discovery of oil in October 1930 created a booming economy in the area, with the population of Henderson increasing from 2,000 to over 10,000 in a few months. The oil fields in and surrounding Henderson, part of the hugely producing five-county East Texas Oil Field, continue to provide a large part of the wealth of the town, county and region.

During World War II, airmen cadets from the Royal Air Force, flying from their training base at Terrell, Texas, routinely flew to Henderson on training flights. The community served as a stand-in for the British for Dunkirk, France which is the same distance from London, England as Henderson is from Terrell.[6]

1860 Henderson fire

On August 5, 1860, a fire broke out and burned most of the booming town of Henderson. Forty-three buildings, including two hotels, were destroyed in the fire, for a loss of $220,000.

According to the Depot Museum, a man named John Crow recalled the fire as follows:

I was about eight years old when Henderson burned. I went to town with my father the day after the fire. It burned every house as well as I recollect, except the Flanagan Brick Building. I remember I was barefooted and careful not to burn my feet. My father said at the time they thought a fellow named Green Herndon, a union man, had hired a negro woman to burn Henderson. Herndon was a northerner and was a pronounced opponent of secession. On the negro woman's testimony, a mob gathered, threw a loop around his neck, tied it to a saddle horse which went around the public square dragging Herndon to death. Then they hung the body to a tree and shot it full of holes ... War was in preparation and people were in fits of anger. When the war broke out, the men got all the files they could find and went to the blacksmith shops and made knives and swords. There was much laughter and I remember they said, "We'll whip those damn Yankees with axes and butcher knives. Everyone was anxious to go."[7]

John Crow was John Stephen Crow, born in Henderson, TX on 5 Mar 1852 and died there on 19 Oct 1952. He is buried at Maple Grove Cemetery. His father, Moses Melton Crow, was part of a large group of family, friends and neighbors who left the area of Henry and Clayton Co, GA and were early settlers in Rusk Co. The surnames of these early settlers include Burks, Cates, Crow, Mitchell and others.

First Christian Church of Henderson, Texas.

2015 Henderson Tornado
Main article: 2015 Texas–Oklahoma flood and tornado outbreak

On Memorial Day, May 25, 2015, an EF-2 rated tornado struck Henderson. That day, multiple tornadoes had struck other areas in Texas, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. The tornado took a path that uprooted trees, damaged buildings, and caused minor damage to areas such as downtown. No severe damage was recorded.[8]

Geography

Henderson is located at 32°9′14″N 94°48′10″W (32.153938, −94.802732).[9]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.0 square miles (31 km2), of which, 11.9 square miles (31 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) of it (0.92%) is water.

Transportation

Airports

The Rusk County Airport is a county-owned, public-use airport located 3 miles west of downtown Henderson.[10]

Major highways

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1870918—
18801,65680.4%
18901,536−7.2%
19202,273—
19302,93229.0%
19406,437119.5%
19506,8336.2%
19609,66641.5%
197010,1875.4%
198011,47312.6%
199011,139−2.9%
200011,2731.2%
201013,71221.6%
Est. 201913,154[2]−4.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]

As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 11,273 people, 4,350 households, and 2,971 families residing in the city. The population density was 947.6 people per square mile (365.8/km2). There were 4,831 housing units at an average density of 406.1 per square mile (156.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 68.98% White, 22.34% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 6.80% from other races, and 1.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.80% of the population.

There were 4,350 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,766, and the median income for a family was $38,095. Males had a median income of $31,285 versus $19,473 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,491.

Government

Local government

The structure of the management and coordination of city services is:[12]

Department Director
Mayor J.W. "Buzz" Fullen
City Council Melissa Morton, Steve Higginbotham, Henry Pace, Tommy Goode, Michael Searcy
City Manager Jay Abercrombie
Municipal Court Judge Rickey Turner
City Attorney Joe Shumate
City Secretary Cheryl Jimerson
Police Chief Chad Taylor
Fire Chief Rusty Chote
Public Service Operations Director Davis Brown
Public Utilities Director Randy Boyd
Finance Director Karen Vaughn
Tourism/Main St. Director Suzanne Cross
Community Development Director Billy Hughes

State government

Henderson is represented in the Texas Senate by Republican Bryan Hughes, District 1, and in the Texas House of Representatives by Republican Travis Clardy, District 11.

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice contracts for the operation of East Texas Multi-Use Facility in Henderson, housing over 2000 male and female state inmates in treatment programs.[13]

Federal government

At the Federal level, the two U.S. Senators from Texas are Republicans John Cornyn and Ted Cruz; Henderson is part of Texas' US Congressional 1st District, which is currently represented by Republican Louie Gohmert.

Education
VeraBank headquarters and branch at 201 W. Main Street in downtown Henderson, TX

Primary and secondary schools

Public schools

The Henderson Independent School District includes five campuses, Wylie Primary School, Wylie Elementary School, Northside Intermediate School, Henderson Middle School, and Henderson High School. The school mascot of Henderson is a lion, and the school colors are red and blue. School sports are an important part of Henderson, TX culture. A 3-A school, the Henderson Lions football team beat Chapel Hill, Texas to become state champions in 2010. Many students are a member of one or more athletic organizations, including Cheering Squad, Soccer, Basketball, Golf, Softball, Volleyball, Powerlifting, Baseball, Wrestling, Tennis, Track, and Majorette Squad.

A very small portion of the City of Henderson falls within the West Rusk ISD.[14]

Private schools

The City of Henderson is also served by Full Armor Christian Academy, a non-denominational private school.

Colleges
Texas Baptist Institute and Seminary at 1300 Longview Avenue in Henderson

Henderson is the home of the Texas Baptist Institute and Seminary, a Missionary Baptist institution.[15]

Media

There are currently 7 media outlets and one newspaper located in Henderson, as well as many more in the surrounding areas.

Newspaper
  • The Henderson Daily News

Radio

AM stations
Frequency Call letters Format Name
Stations Broadcast from Henderson
1470 KWRD News/Talk

FM stations
Frequency Call letters Format Name
Stations Broadcast from Henderson
100.7 KTYK Public Radio Red River Radio

Culture

Parks & Recreation

Henderson has 6 parks covering 118 acres. The parks are Fair Park, Lake Forest Park, Misner Park, Montgomery Park, Smith Park, and Yates Park.

Lake Forest Park covers 60 acres and is the largest park in Henderson. It features a 15-acre lake, 3 fishing piers, a disc golf course, beautiful gardens, lighted pavilions, playgrounds, the Henderson Civic Center, and a newly built plaza for concerts and other events.

Fair Park covers 40 acres and features 1.8 miles of walking trails, a skate park, a baseball field, tennis courts, playgrounds, a splash pad, and a pavilion.[16]

Libraries & Museums

The Depot Museum sits on 5 acres and features a museum, children's discovery center, plus several historic buildings and structures, including a railroad depot, a dry good store, a caboose, and a cotton gin.[17]

The Rusk County Library is located in a historic building at 106 East Main Street in downtown Henderson.[18]

Attractions

The Henderson Civic Theater is a community theater that puts on live stage performances. It is located in historic downtown Henderson in the old Opera House building.[19]

The Veteran's Memorial is located at the Rusk County Courthouse and honors veteran's from Rusk County.[20]

The Howard-Dickinson House is a Texas Historic Landmark that was built in 1855 and offers tours.

Notable people

The 1970 science-fiction film, Colossus: The Forbin Project, mentions Henderson as the site of the fictitious Henderson Air Force Base, the target of a retaliatory ICBM fired by Colossus' Soviet counterpart, the defense supercomputer "Guardian".

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Henderson has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[21]

gollark: It's a good indicator, though.
gollark: > how do they even make this useless junk for a dollar?! it's a modern marvelThe amazing power of automated assembly lines I guess?
gollark: It's not sarcastic as much as vaguely ironic, but yes.
gollark: Not particularly.
gollark: I mean "uncool" as in "actually really quite bad".

References
  1. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  2. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  3. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  4. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  5. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  6. AT6 Monument
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-07-01. Retrieved 2013-02-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=569765
  9. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  10. "Rusk County, Texas". www.co.rusk.tx.us. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  11. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  12. City of Henderson Proposed Budget 2010–2011 Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 2011-1-20
  13. "East Texas Treatment (XQ)". Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  14. http://tea-texas.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Solutions/s2.html?appid=8b1d6f13310a49f48aa7052fe13f505a
  15. "Texas Baptist Institute". Tbi.edu. Retrieved May 5, 2009.
  16. "Park Information | Henderson, TX - Official Website". www.hendersontx.us. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  17. "Depot Museum". www.depotmuseum.com. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  18. "Rusk County Library". Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  19. Theatre, Henderson Civic. "Henderson Civic Theatre - Theater, Performing Arts, Live Theater". Henderson Civic Theatre. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  20. "Veterans Memorial – Visit Henderson Texas". www.visithendersontx.com. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  21. Climate Summary for Henderson, Texas
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