Carnotaurinae

Carnotaurinae is a subfamily of the theropod dinosaur family Abelisauridae. It includes the dinosaurs Aucasaurus (from Argentina), Carnotaurus (from Argentina), and Rajasaurus (from India). The group was first proposed by American paleontologist Paul Sereno in 1998, defined as a clade containing all abelisaurids more closely related to Carnotaurus than to Abelisaurus.[1]

Carnotaurines Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, 98–66 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Mounted cast of a Carnotaurus sastrei skeleton, Chlupáč Museum, Prague
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Family:	†Abelisauridae
Subfamily:	†Carnotaurinae Sereno, 1998
Type species
†Carnotaurus sastrei Bonaparte, 1985
Subgroups
See text.

Classification

Size comparison of various genera within Carnotaurini

• Subfamily Carnotaurinae[2]
  • Brachyrostra
    • Ekrixinatosaurus (Argentina)[3]
    • Ilokelesia (Argentina)[3]
    • Skorpiovenator (Argentina)[3]
    • Thanos (Brazil)[4]
    • Tribe Carnotaurini
      • Aucasaurus (Argentina)
      • Viavenator (Argentina)
      • Abelisaurus (Argentina)
      • Carnotaurus (Argentina)
      • Pycnonemosaurus (Brazil)
      • Quilmesaurus (Argentina)[5]

Phylogeny

In 2008, Canale et al. published a phylogenetic analysis focusing on the South American carnotaurines. In their results, they found that all South American forms (including Ilokelesia) grouped together as a sub-clade of Carnotaurinae, which they named Brachyrostra, meaning "short snouts." They defined the clade Brachyrostra as "all the abelisaurids more closely related to Carnotaurus sastrei than to Majungasaurus crenatissimus."[3]

Carnotaurinae	Majungasaurus   Brachyrostra  Carnotaurini    Carnotaurus     Aucasaurus         Ilokelesia       Skorpiovenator     Ekrixinatosaurus

An analysis conducted by Tortosa et al. in 2013 moved several carnotaurine taxa into the newly named Majungasaurinae, and moved many abelisaurids into Carnotaurini.

Abelisauridae

Kryptops     Rugops     Genusaurus     MCF-PVPH-237 abelisaurid     Xenotarsosaurus     Tarascosaurus     La Boucharde abelisaurid     Majungasaurinae   Pourcieux abelisaurid     Arcovenator     Majungasaurus     Indosaurus     Rahiolisaurus     Rajasaurus     Brachyrostra   Ilokelesia       Ekrixinatosaurus       Skorpiovenator     Carnotaurini   Abelisaurus     Aucasaurus     Pycnonemosaurus     Quilmesaurus     Carnotaurus

See also

• Timeline of ceratosaur research

References

1. Sereno, Paul C. (10 November 1998). "A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 210 (1): 41–83. doi:10.1127/njgpa/210/1998/41.
2. Delcourt, Rafael (27 June 2018). "Ceratosaur palaeobiology: new insights on evolution and ecology of the southern rulers". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 9730. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.9730D. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28154-x. PMC 6021374. PMID 29950661.
3. Canale, Juan I.; Scanferla, Carlos A.; Agnolin, Federico L.; Novas, Fernando E. (5 December 2008). "New carnivorous dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of NW Patagonia and the evolution of abelisaurid theropods". Naturwissenschaften. 96 (3): 409–414. Bibcode:2009NW.....96..409C. doi:10.1007/s00114-008-0487-4. hdl:11336/52024. PMID 19057888.
4. Delcourt, Rafael; Iori, Fabiano Vidoi (16 November 2018). "A new Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from São José do Rio Preto Formation, Upper Cretaceous of Brazil and comments on the Bauru Group fauna". Historical Biology: 1–8. doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1546700.
5. Tortosa, Thierry; Buffetaut, Eric; Vialle, Nicolas; Dutour, Yves; Turini, Eric; Cheylan, Gilles (January 2014). "A new abelisaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of southern France: Palaeobiogeographical implications". Annales de Paléontologie. 100 (1): 63–86. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2013.10.003.

Further reading

• Sampson, S. D. (15 May 1998). "Predatory Dinosaur Remains from Madagascar: Implications for the Cretaceous Biogeography of Gondwana" (PDF). Science. 280 (5366): 1048–1051. Bibcode:1998Sci...280.1048S. doi:10.1126/science.280.5366.1048. PMID 9582112.
• Lamanna, Matthew C.; Martínez, Rubén D.; Smith, Joshua B. (14 March 2002). "A definitive abelisaurid theropod dinosaur from the early Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22 (1): 58–69. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0058:ADATDF]2.0.CO;2.