CYP4A22

CYP4A22 (cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily A, polypeptide 22) also known as fatty acid omega-hydroxylase is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CYP4A22 gene.[5]

CYP4A22
Identifiers
Aliases	CYP4A22, cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily A member 22
External IDs	OMIM: 615341 MGI: 3611747 HomoloGene: 134044 GeneCards: CYP4A22
EC number	1.14.14.80
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p33 Start 47,137,435 bp[1] End 47,149,735 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] Band 4|4 D1 Start 115,411,624 bp[2] End 115,439,034 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • iron ion binding • oxidoreductase activity • heme binding • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen • metal ion binding • monooxygenase activity • arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylase activity • laurate hydroxylase activity • 16-hydroxypalmitate dehydrogenase activity Cellular component • organelle membrane • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • endoplasmic reticulum • membrane • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle • extracellular • integral component of membrane Biological process • oxidation-reduction process • lipid hydroxylation • omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	284541	13118
Ensembl	ENSG00000162365	ENSMUSG00000078597
UniProt	Q5TCH4	A2A974
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001010969 NM_001308102	NM_172306
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001010969 NP_001295031 NP_001295031.1	NP_758510
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 47.14 – 47.15 Mb	Chr 4: 115.41 – 115.44 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This gene is part of a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 1p33.[6]

CYP4A22 was once considered, along with CYP4A11, CYP4F2, and CYP4F3, as active in metabolizing arachidonic acid to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) by an omega oxidation reaction with the predominant 20-HETE-synthesizing enzymes in humans being CYP4F2 followed by CYP4A11; 20-HETE regulates blood flow, vascularization, blood pressure, and kidney tubule absorption of ions in rodents and possibly humans.[7] However, human CYP4A22 is expressed at very low levels in few tissues and may not be a functional enzyme in regard to the metabolism of arachidnoic acid to 20-HETE.[8][9]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162365 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000078597 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Hiratsuka M, Nozawa H, Katsumoto Y, Moteki T, Sasaki T, Konno Y, Mizugaki M (Jul 2006). "Genetic polymorphisms and haplotype structures of the CYP4A22 gene in a Japanese population". Mutation Research. 599 (1–2): 98–104. doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.02.008. PMID 16806293.
6. "Entrez Gene: CYP4A22".
7. Hoopes SL, Garcia V, Edin ML, Schwartzman ML, Zeldin DC (Jul 2015). "Vascular actions of 20-HETE". Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators. 120: 9–16. doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.03.002. PMC 4575602. PMID 25813407.
8. Gainer JV, Bellamine A, Dawson EP, Womble KE, Grant SW, Wang Y, Cupples LA, Guo CY, Demissie S, O'Donnell CJ, Brown NJ, Waterman MR, Capdevila JH (Jan 2005). "Functional variant of CYP4A11 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthase is associated with essential hypertension". Circulation. 111 (1): 63–9. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000151309.82473.59. PMID 15611369.
9. Edson KZ, Rettie AE (2013). "CYP4 enzymes as potential drug targets: focus on enzyme multiplicity, inducers and inhibitors, and therapeutic modulation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) synthase and fatty acid ω-hydroxylase activities". Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. 13 (12): 1429–40. doi:10.2174/15680266113139990110. PMC 4245146. PMID 23688133.

External links

• Human CYP4A22 genome location and CYP4A22 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Bellamine A, Wang Y, Waterman MR, Gainer JV, Dawson EP, Brown NJ, Capdevila JH (Jan 2003). "Characterization of the CYP4A11 gene, a second CYP4A gene in humans". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 409 (1): 221–7. doi:10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00545-3. PMID 12464262.
• Gainer JV, Bellamine A, Dawson EP, Womble KE, Grant SW, Wang Y, Cupples LA, Guo CY, Demissie S, O'Donnell CJ, Brown NJ, Waterman MR, Capdevila JH (Jan 2005). "Functional variant of CYP4A11 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthase is associated with essential hypertension". Circulation. 111 (1): 63–9. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000151309.82473.59. PMID 15611369.
• Nelson DR, Zeldin DC, Hoffman SM, Maltais LJ, Wain HM, Nebert DW (Jan 2004). "Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendations for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants". Pharmacogenetics. 14 (1): 1–18. doi:10.1097/00008571-200401000-00001. PMID 15128046.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.