Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)

Belfast East is a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. The current MP is Gavin Robinson of the DUP.

Belfast East
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Boundary of Belfast East in Northern Ireland
Districts of Northern IrelandBelfast, Castlereagh
Population92,221 (2011 census)[1]
Electorate60,516 (March 2011)
Current constituency
Created1922
Member of ParliamentGavin Robinson (DUP)
Number of membersOne
Created fromBelfast Pottinger
Belfast Victoria
1885–1918
Number of membersOne
Type of constituencyBorough constituency
Replaced byBelfast Pottinger
Belfast Victoria
Created fromBelfast

Boundaries

1885–1918: In the Borough of Belfast, that part of Dock ward not in Belfast North and that part of Cromac ward in County Down, the townlands of Ballycloghan, Ballyhackamore, Ballymaghan, Ballymisert and Strandtown in the parish of Holywood, and the townlands of Ballyrushboy, Knock and Multyhogy in the parish of Knockbreda.

1922–1974: The County Borough of Belfast wards of Dock, Pottinger, and Victoria.

1974–1983: The County Borough of Belfast wards of Pottinger and Victoria, and the Rural District of Castlereagh electoral divisions of Ballyhackamore, Ballymaconaghy, Ballymiscaw, Castlereagh, Dundonald, and Gilnakirk.

1983–1997: The District of Belfast wards of Ballyhackamore, Ballymacarrett, Belmont, Bloomfield, Island, Orangefield, Shandon, Stormont, Sydenham, and The Mount, and the District of Castlereagh wards of Cregagh, Downshire, Lisnasharragh, and Wynchurch.

1997–2010: The District of Belfast wards of Ballyhackamore, Ballymacarrett, Belmont, Bloomfield, Cherryvalley, Island, Knock, Orangefield, Stormont, Sydenham, and The Mount, and the District of Castlereagh wards of Cregagh, Downshire, Gilnakirk, Hillfoot, Lisnasharragh, Lower Braniel, Tullycarnet, Upper Braniel, and Wynchurch.

2010–present: The District of Belfast wards of Ballyhackamore, Ballymacarrett, Belmont, Bloomfield, Cherryvalley, Island, Knock, Orangefield, Stormont, Sydenham, and The Mount, and the District of Castlereagh wards of Ballyhanwood, Carrowreagh, Cregagh, Downshire, Dundonald, Enler, Gilnakirk, Graham’s Bridge, Lisnasharragh, Lower Braniel, Tullycarnet, and Upper Braniel.

The seat was created in 1922 when, as part of the establishment of the devolved Stormont Parliament for Northern Ireland, the number of MPs in the Westminster Parliament was drastically cut. The seat is centred on the east section of Belfast and also contains part of the district of Castlereagh.

Prior to the 2010 general election the Northern Ireland Boundary Commission proposed expanding Belfast East further into Castlereagh, taking in areas currently contained in Strangford, however almost all of these areas were part of Belfast East until 1983. A small part of the constituency was proposed for transfer to Belfast South.

Following a public meeting and revised recommendations, the new boundaries of Belfast East were confirmed by the Commission and passed through Parliament through the use of the Northern Ireland Parliamentary Constituencies Order.[2]

History

Belfast East is an overwhelmingly unionist constituency with nationalist parties routinely failing to get more than 10% of the vote combined. The main interest has been the contest between unionist parties and the fortunes of the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland.

Dominated by the giant Samson and Goliath cranes of the Harland and Wolff shipyard, the constituency is socially mixed. There are large expanses of small Victorian terraced housing near Belfast City Centre and around the shipyard in Ballymacarrett. These areas have seen significant refurbishment, and in some places demolition and redevelopment, in recent years sparking a sharp rise in house prices. This is contrasted by a large amount of solidly lower-middle class housing and some exclusive residential districts such as the much mocked Cherryvalley. This social polarisation is to a large degree reflected by the political polarisation, at least within the broader unionist family, in the seat. The small Catholic population is split between the largely working class Short Strand enclave and minorities in the more middle-class parts of the seat.

The seat was consistently held by the Ulster Unionist Party until the 1974 general election when the sitting MP, Stanley McMaster, defended it as a Pro-Assembly Unionist against a united anti-Sunningdale Agreement coalition which nominated William Craig of the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party. Craig won the seat and held it for five years, moving to the UUP in February 1978.

In the 1979 general election the constituency witnessed a very close three-way fight between Peter Robinson of the Democratic Unionist Party, William Craig for the UUP and Oliver Napier for the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland. Less than 1000 votes separated the three candidates. Robinson beat Craig by the narrow margin of 64 votes. Also of note was that over 90% of votes went to parties that had not contested the seat at the previous election – in part due to realignments of the parties.

Robinson continued to hold the seat but the Alliance Party continued to poll well, and in 1987 John Alderdice polled 32.1% – the highest ever for Alliance in a Westminster election before 2010. However, their vote declined until 2010 and in 2005 they finished a distant third.

In the 2001 general election, Alliance proposed a pro-Good Friday Agreement pact with the Ulster Unionist Party in the hopes of getting UUP support in Belfast East. The UUP did not agree and so both parties stood. Robinson was re-elected with 42.5%, with the UUP, Alliance and Progressive Unionist Party carving up the pro-Agreement pro-union vote between them, but it is doubtful that an unopposed Alliance candidate could have consolidated all of that vote to beat Robinson.

In 2009 and 2010, Robinson became mired in a number of political scandals. In the 2010 general election, however, the Alliance Party candidate and sitting Lord Mayor of Belfast Naomi Long defeated Robinson, in a shock result, more than tripling the Alliance vote and giving the Alliance their first ever seat in Westminster. Predictably, this was also the seat in which the Alliance gained the highest vote share, at 37.2%, more than double their best efforts elsewhere.

Of all eighteen constituencies in Northern Ireland, East Belfast has the highest percentage of Methodists.

Members of Parliament

The Member of Parliament after the 2010 general election was Naomi Long, who defeated Peter Robinson, MP for Belfast East since the 1979 general election. Naomi Long subsequently lost her seat to Gavin Robinson in the 2015 general election.

ElectionMemberParty
1885 Edward de Cobain Conservative
1892 by-election Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Conservative
1910 Robert McMordie Irish Unionist
1914 by-election Robert Sharman-Crawford Irish Unionist
1918 constituency abolished
1922 constituency recreated
Herbert Dixon UUP
1940 by-election Henry Harland UUP
1945 Thomas Loftus Cole UUP
1950 Alan McKibbin UUP
1959 by-election Stanley McMaster UUP
Feb 1974 William Craig Vanguard
1978 UUP
1979 Peter Robinson DUP
2010 Naomi Long Alliance
2015 Gavin Robinson DUP

Elections
Belfast East election results

Elections in the 2010s
General election 2019: Belfast East[3]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Gavin Robinson 20,874 49.2 −6.6
Alliance Naomi Long 19,055 44.9 +8.9
UUP Carl McClean 2,516 5.9 +2.6
Majority 1,819 4.3 −15.5
Turnout 42,445 64.1 −3.4
Registered electors 66,217
DUP hold Swing −7.4
General election 2017: Belfast East[4][5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Gavin Robinson 23,917 55.8 +6.5
Alliance Naomi Long 15,443 36.0 −6.8
UUP Hazel Legge 1,408 3.3 New
Sinn Féin Mairéad O'Donnell 894 2.1 0.0
Green (NI) Georgina Milne 561 1.3 −1.4
NI Conservatives Sheila Bodel 446 1.0 −1.8
SDLP Séamas de Faoite 167 0.4 +0.1
Independent Bobby Beck 54 0.1 New
Majority 8,474 19.8 +13.3
Turnout 42,890 67.5 +4.7
Registered electors 63,495
DUP hold Swing +6.6
General election 2015: Belfast East[6][7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Gavin Robinson[8] 19,575 49.3 +16.5
Alliance Naomi Long 16,978 42.8 +5.6
NI Conservatives Neil Wilson[9] 1,121 2.8 −18.4
Green (NI) Ross Brown 1,058 2.7 New
Sinn Féin Niall Ó Donnghaile 823 2.1 −0.3
SDLP Mary Muldoon 127 0.3 −0.8
Majority 2,597 6.5 N/A
Turnout 39,682 62.8 +4.4
Registered electors 63,157
DUP gain from Alliance Swing +5.4
General election 2010: Belfast East[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Alliance Naomi Long 12,839 37.2 +25.0
DUP Peter Robinson 11,306 32.8 −16.3
UCU-NF Trevor Ringland 7,305 21.2 −8.9
TUV David Vance 1,856 5.4 New
Sinn Féin Niall Ó Donnghaile 817 2.4 −0.9
SDLP Mary Muldoon 365 1.1 −1.6
Majority 1,533 4.4 N/A
Turnout 34,488 58.4 +0.4
Registered electors 59,007
Alliance gain from DUP Swing −22.9

Elections in the 2000s
General election 2005: Belfast East[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 15,152 49.1 +6.6
UUP Reg Empey 9,275 30.1 +6.9
Alliance Naomi Long 3,746 12.2 −3.6
Sinn Féin Deborah Devenny 1,029 3.3 −0.1
SDLP Mary Muldoon 844 2.7 +0.3
NI Conservatives Alan Greer 434 1.4 −0.8
Workers' Party Joe Bell 179 0.6 +0.3
Rainbow Dream Ticket Lynda Gilby 172 0.6 +0.4
Majority 5,877 19.1 −0.2
Turnout 30,831 58.0 −5.0
Registered electors 52,899
DUP hold Swing −0.1
General election 2001: Belfast East[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 15,667 42.5 −0.1
UUP Tim Lemon 8,550 23.2 −2.1
Alliance David Alderdice 5,832 15.8 −8.0
PUP David Ervine 3,669 10.0 New
Sinn Féin Joe O'Donnell 1,237 3.4 +1.3
SDLP Ciara Farren 880 2.4 +0.8
NI Conservatives Terry Dick 800 2.2 −0.2
Workers' Party Joe Bell 123 0.3 -0.3
Rainbow Dream Ticket Rainbow George Weiss 71 0.2 New
Majority 7,117 19.3 +2.0
Turnout 36,829 63.0 -0.2
Registered electors 58,455
DUP hold Swing +1.0

Elections in the 1990s
General election 1997: Belfast East[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 16,640 42.6 −11.9
UUP Reg Empey 9,886 25.3 N/A
Alliance Jim Hendron 9,288 23.8 −3.5
NI Conservatives Sarah Dines 928 2.4 −7.6
Sinn Féin Dominic Carr 810 2.1 +0.4
SDLP Patricia Lewsley 629 1.6 N/A
Former Captain NI Football Team Derek Dougan 541 1.4 New
Workers' Party Joe Bell 237 0.6 N/A
Natural Law David Collins 70 0.2 N/A
Majority 6,754 17.3 −9.9
Turnout 39,029 63.2 −4.5
Registered electors 61,837
DUP hold Swing

1997 Changes are compared to the 1992 notional results shown below.[14]

Notional 1992 UK General Election Result : Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP N/A 22,635 54.5 N/A
Alliance N/A 11,337 27.3 N/A
NI Conservatives N/A 4,170 10.0 N/A
Others N/A 2,723 6.6 N/A
Sinn Féin N/A 686 1.7 N/A
Majority 11,298 27.2 N/A
General election 1992: Belfast East[15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 18,437 51.5 −10.4
Alliance John Alderdice 10,650 29.8 −2.3
NI Conservatives David Greene 3,314 9.3 New
Independent Unionist Dorothy Dunlop 2,256 6.3 New
Sinn Féin Joe O'Donnell 679 1.9 −0.1
Workers' Party Joe Bell 327 0.9 −3.1
Natural Law Guy Redden 128 0.4 New
Majority 7,787 21.7 −8.1
Turnout 35,791 67.7 +7.5
Registered electors 52,869
DUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1980s
General election 1987: Belfast East[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 20,372 61.9 +16.6
Alliance John Alderdice 10,574 32.1 +8.0
Workers' Party Frances Cullen 1,314 4.0 +2.9
Sinn Féin Joe O'Donnell 649 2.0 +0.2
Majority 9,798 29.8 +9.3
Turnout 32,909 60.2 −9.8
Registered electors 54,628
DUP hold Swing
By-election 1986: Belfast East[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 27,607 81.0 +35.7
Alliance Oliver Napier 5,917 17.4 −6.7
Workers' Party Frances Cullen 578 1.7 +0.6
Majority 21,690 63.6 +43.1
Turnout 34,102 61.7 −8.3
Registered electors 55,256
DUP hold Swing

Note: The by-election was caused by the decision of all Unionist MPs to resign their seats and seek re-election on a platform of opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement.

General election 1983: Belfast East[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 17,631 45.3 +13.9
UUP Jeremy Burchill 9,642 24.8 −6.4
Alliance Oliver Napier 9,373 24.1 −5.5
Sinn Féin Denis Donaldson 682 1.8 New
Labour and Trade Union Muriel Tang 584 1.5 New
SDLP Peter Prendiville 519 1.3 New
Workers' Party Frances Cullen 421 1.1 New
New Agenda Herbert Boyd 59 0.2 New
Majority 7,989 20.5 +20.3
Turnout 38,911 70.0 +2.4
Registered electors 55,539
DUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s
General election 1979: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
DUP Peter Robinson 15,994 31.4 New
UUP William Craig 15,930 31.2 New
Alliance Oliver Napier 15,066 29.6 New
Unionist Party NI Norman Agnew 2,017 4.0 -23.0
NI Labour George Chambers 1,982 3.9 −10.0
Majority 64 0.2 N/A
Turnout 50,989 67.6 +0.5
Registered electors 75,481
DUP gain from Vanguard Swing
General election October 1974: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Vanguard William Craig 31,594 59.1 +10.7
Unionist Party NI Peter McLachlan 14,417 27.0 New
NI Labour David Bleakley 7,415 13.9 −0.2
Majority 17,177 32.2 +18.7
Turnout 53,426 67.1 −4.8
Registered electors 79,591
Vanguard hold Swing
General election February 1974: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Vanguard William Craig 27,817 48.4 New
Pro-Assembly Unionist Stanley McMaster 20,077 34.9 New
NI Labour David Bleakley 8,122 14.1 -26.4
SDLP Desmond Gillespie 1,502 2.6 New
Majority 7,740 13.5 N/A
Turnout 57,518 71.9 -3.7
Registered electors 80,032
Vanguard gain from UUP Swing
General election 1970: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Stanley McMaster 26,778 59.5 +4.8
NI Labour David Bleakley 18,259 40.5 −4.8
Majority 8,519 18.9 +9.6
Turnout 45,037 75.6 +7.4
Registered electors 59,524
UUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s
General election 1966: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Stanley McMaster 21,283 54.7 −4.1
NI Labour Robert McBirney 17,650 45.3 +8.4
Majority 3,633 9.3 −12.6
Turnout 38,933 68.2 −4.3
Registered electors 57,077
UUP hold Swing
General election 1964: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Stanley McMaster 24,804 58.8 −1.3
NI Labour Samuel Watt 15,555 36.9 −0.3
Independent Republican David McConnell 1,827 4.3 New
Majority 9,249 21.9 0.0
Turnout 42,186 72.5 −18.2
Registered electors 58,196
UUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s
General election 1959: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Stanley McMaster 26,510 60.1 -2.4
NI Labour James Gardner 16,412 37.2 +7.0
Sinn Féin Barney Boswell 1,204 2.7 -4.6
Majority 9,249 21.9 -10.3
Turnout 44,126 90.7 +20.3
Registered electors 48,663
UUP hold Swing
1959 Belfast East by-election[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Stanley McMaster 19,524 57.8 -4.7
NI Labour James Gardner 14,264 42.2 +10.0
Majority 5,260 15.6 -16.6
Turnout 33,788 57.9 -12.5
Registered electors 58,388
UUP hold Swing
General election 1955: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Alan McKibbin 26,938 62.5 +0.8
NI Labour Tom Boyd 13,041 30.2 -8.1
Sinn Féin Liam Mulcahy 3,156 7.3 New
Majority 13,897 32.2 +8.7
Turnout 43,135 70.4 -4.1
Registered electors 61,258
UUP hold Swing
General election 1951: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Alan McKibbin 28,881 61.7 -1.6
NI Labour Tom Boyd 17,910 38.3 +1.6
Majority 10,971 23.5 -3.1
Turnout 46,791 74.5 -2.1
Registered electors 62,798
UUP hold Swing
General election 1950: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Alan McKibbin 29,844 63.3 +6.9
NI Labour Tom Boyd 17,338 36.7 -6.9
Majority 12,506 26.6 +13.8
Turnout 47,182 76.6 +13.4
Registered electors 61,561
UUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s
General election 1945: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Thomas Loftus Cole 21,443 56.4 N/A
NI Labour Tom Boyd 17,338 43.6 New
Majority 4,869 12.8 N/A
Turnout 38,017 63.2 N/A
Registered electors 60,175
UUP hold Swing N/A
1940 Belfast East by-election[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Henry Harland Unopposed
Registered electors
UUP hold

Elections in the 1930s
General election 1935: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors 59,101
UUP hold
General election 1931: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Herbert Dixon 28,431 75.1 0.0
NI Labour John Campbell 9,410 24.9 New
Majority 19,021 50.3 +0.1
Turnout 37,841 66.2 +0.5
Registered electors 57,166
UUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1920s
General election 1929: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Herbert Dixon 27,855 75.1 N/A
Ulster Liberal Denis Ireland 9,230 24.9 New
Majority 18,625 50.2 N/A
Turnout 37,085 65.7 N/A
Registered electors 56,426
UUP hold Swing N/A
General election 1924: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors
UUP hold
General election 1923: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors
UUP hold
General election 1922: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
UUP Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors
UUP win (new seat)

Elections in the 1910s
1914 Belfast East by-election[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Robert Sharman-Crawford Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
General election Dec 1910: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Robert McMordie Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
General election Jan 1910: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold

Elections in the 1900s
General election 1906: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
General election 1900: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold

Elections in the 1890s
General election 1895: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
General election 1892: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
1892 Belfast East by-election[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff 4,746 64.6 -15.7
Independent Unionist William Thomas Charley 2,607 35.4 New
Majority 2,139 29.2 -31.6
Turnout 7,353 64.8 -7.8
Registered electors 11,339
Irish Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1880s
General election 1886: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Irish Unionist Edward de Cobain 5,055 80.3 +35.9
Irish Parliamentary Robert McCalmont 1,239 19.7 New
Majority 3,816 60.6 N/A
Turnout 6,294 72.6 -6.2
Registered electors 8,666
Irish Unionist gain from Ind. Conservative Swing
General election 1885: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Ind. Conservative Edward de Cobain 3,033 44.4 N/A
Irish Conservative James Corry 2,929 42.9 N/A
Liberal Robert Wallace Murray 870 12.7 N/A
Majority 104 1.5 N/A
Turnout 6,832 78.8 N/A
Registered electors 8,666
Ind. Conservative win (new seat)
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See also
  • List of Parliamentary constituencies in Northern Ireland

References
  1. "Usual Resident Population". Northern Ireland Neighbourhood Information Service. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  2. "Legislation.gov.uk". www.legislation.gov.uk.
  3. "Belfast East Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
  4. "Election of a Member of Parliament for the BELFAST EAST Constituency - Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll". Electoral Office of Northern Ireland. 11 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
  5. "UK Parliamentary Election Result 2017 - Belfast East". Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  6. "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  7. "The Electoral Office of Northern Ireland - EONI". www.eoni.org.uk.
  8. "DUP on course to win East Belfast seat back in 2015 Westminster election" – via www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk.
  9. "Tories select Wilson to contest East Belfast seat". NI Conservatives.
  10. "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  11. "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  12. "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  13. "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  14. "BBC - Error 404 : Not Found". bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 December 2004. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  15. "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  16. "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  17. Results of Byelections in the 1983-87 Parliament in the United Kingdom Election Results website maintained by David Boothroyd
  18. "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  19. "1959 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  20. Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969]. British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 564. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
  21. Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  22. Walker, B.M., ed. (1978). Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801-1922. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN 0901714127.

Further reading
  • F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918 – 1949
  • F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1950 – 1970
  • The Constitutional Year Book For 1912, Conservative Central Office
  • The Constitutional Year Book For 1894, Conservative Central Office
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