Beşiktaş J.K.

Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (English: Beşiktaş Gymnastics Club), also known simply as Beşiktaş (Turkish pronunciation: [beˈʃiktaʃ]), is a Turkish sports club founded in 1903, and based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey. The club's football team is one of the most successful teams in Turkey, having never been relegated to a lower division. The team last won the Turkish Süper Lig championship during the 2016–17 season. The home ground of Beşiktaş is Vodafone Park, a 41,903 capacity all-seater stadium located next to Dolmabahçe Palace.

"BJK" redirects here. For other uses, see BJK (disambiguation).

Beşiktaş JK
Full nameBeşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü[1]
Nickname(s)Kara Kartallar (Black Eagles)[2][3]
Siyah Beyazlılar (Black and Whites)
Short nameBJK
Founded3 March 1903 (1903-03-03)[4]
as Beşiktaş Bereket Jimnastik Kulübü[5]
GroundVodafone Park, Beşiktaş, Istanbul
Capacity41,903
PresidentAhmet Nur Çebi[6][7]
Head coachSergen Yalçın
LeagueSüper Lig
2019–20Süper Lig, 3rd
WebsiteClub website

The club also competes in other branches including basketball, volleyball, handball, athletics, boxing, wrestling, chess, bridge, gymnastics, rowing, table tennis, parasports, esports, and beach football.[8]

History
Active departments of
Beşiktaş J.K.
Athletics Basketball
(Men's)
(Women's)		 Boxing
Bridge Chess e-Sports
Football
(Men's)
(Women's)		 Gymnastics Handball
(Men's)
Rowing Table tennis Volleyball
(Men's)
(Women's)
Wheelchair basketball Wrestling
Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı, one of the founding members and first president of Beşiktaş JK
Members of Beşiktaş JK in 1903

Bereket Gymnastics Club was founded on 3 March 1903 under special permission from the authorities.[9] Their sporting activities gained more freedom with the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy in 1908. After the political events of 31 March 1909, Fuat Balkan and Mazhar Kazancı, who were in Edirne, came to Istanbul with the Movement Army. After the restoration of political order, Fuat Balkan, a proven fencing coach, and Mazhar Kazancı, a good wrestler and weight lifter, found the youths involved in gymnastics in Serencebey and persuaded them to train together. Refik and Şerafettin Beys, friends of Fuat Bey, were also good fencers. Fuat Balkan made the first floor of his home in Ihlamur the Club's headquarters, and the title of Bereket Gymnastics Club was changed to Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club. Thus, a stronger sports club, where gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, fencing and athletics were emphasized, was formed. Founding member Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı was elected the first president of the club.[10]

In the meantime, Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club became the first registered Turkish sports club on 13 January 1910 with the encouragement of Beyoğlu Governor Muhittin Bey. The interest among the youths of the neighborhood in the sports club grew and the number of members involved in sports quickly grew to 150. The headquarters of the club was moved from Ihlamur to Building 49 in Akaretler. When this building became too small, Building 84, also in Akaretler, became their headquarters. The yard behind this building was turned into a sports pitch.

Some of the young patriots from the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul formed two football clubs called "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret" under the leadership of Şeref Bey. The Valideçeşme and Basiret football clubs joined under the roof of Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club in 1911. In a very short time, football became the foremost branch in the club.

For years, the original colours of Beşiktaş were believed to be Red and White; and then temporarily changed into Black and White as a sign of mourning for the dead in the Balkan Wars, which included some players of the club. Although most written sources endorse this claim, a detailed study carried out for Beşiktaş's 100th anniversary documentary had shown that red was never used in club's first colors; and Beşiktaş's colours were always Black and White.[11]

Initial years of football
1923–24 Istanbul League champions
Beşiktaş players before the match against Galatasaray, 19 March 1939.

With football becoming the main sport of the Ottoman Empire around 1910, Beşiktaş members slowly started to give more attention to football. In August 1911, Ahmed Şerafettin started the football team. With the outbreak of World War I following the Balkan Wars, sporting activities at the club effectively came to a halt as many athletes left to serve on the front lines.[12] While the end of the war allowed surviving athletes to return, the team faced a difficult period during the Occupation of Istanbul, but was able to recover with the hard work of Şeref Bey.[13] Beşiktaş did not enter the Istanbul Friday and Sunday leagues, and did not have any championships until 1918, when they won the Istanbul Turkish 1st Sports League. In 1921, that particular league's final season, they won it again. In 1924, Beşiktaş entered the Istanbul Football League along with Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe and other Istanbul teams. Beşiktaş became the league's first champion in 1924, but was not able to have more success in the league. Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe were the two dominant teams through the middle of the 1930s.

Beşiktaş won their second Istanbul League championship in 1934, as well as their first Turkish Football Championship in the same year. In 1937, the Turkish National League was formed. In the Istanbul League season prior to the National League's inaugural season, Beşiktaş finished in fourth place, which earned them a berth in the National League. Beşiktaş finished third place in the National League, behind Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray. In 1938, Beşiktaş finished in third place in the Istanbul League and second place in the National League, behind Güneş. Beşiktaş won a record five consecutive Istanbul League championships between 1939 and 1943. In the National League, Beşiktaş finished fourth in 1939, fifth in 1940, first in 1941 and third in 1943 (in 1942 the league was not held). The club won the Istanbul League in 1945 and 1946, as well as the national league in 1944 and 1947.

After 1959

In 1959, the Turkish First League was formed, the nation's first professional football league. In the inaugural year, Beşiktaş came in third place, while in 1960 it won the league title. In 1960, the club also participated in the European Cup, becoming the first Turkish team ever to participate in the tournament. In subsequent years, Beşiktaş finished third in both 1961 and 1962, as well as second in 1963, 1964 and 1965. In 1966 and 1967, meanwhile, the club won back-to-back championship titles, and in the latter year, they also won their first Turkish Super Cup. In 1968, Beşiktaş finished second.

Silent 1970s

After 1967, Beşiktaş's performance declined slightly, finishing in 8th, 12th, 5th, 4th many times, while Trabzonspor, Fenerbahçe and, occasionally Galatasaray continued their success. Beşiktaş only finished in second place once in the decade, in 1975.

1980s Revival

Beşiktaş put an end to their poor performances in 1982 with a surprise Turkish championship, earning another in 1986. They finished the league as runners-up four times in the second half of the decade. Hooliganism was a major problem that had started in Europe and had also spread throughout Turkey. Beşiktaş fan hooliganism had been an issue with many fights inside and outside the stadium, although this has become less of an issue in more recent years.

Gordon Milne era: 1987–1993
Interior of Vodafone Park
The new Vodafone Park Stadium from the air
Main article: Metin-Ali-Feyyaz

Beşiktaş had their most successful run in the Süper Lig with three consecutive championships under the management of Gordon Milne in the early 1990s. Three players of the squad – Metin Tekin, Ali Gültiken and Feyyaz Uçar – were notable for significant contributions to the team during this period. These players had been called Metin-Ali-Feyyaz ("MAF") and they formed the front of the team's line-up. The supporters composed various chants for the trio devoted to their delighting style on the pitch, their goals, and above all for their friendship and modesty. The trio is regarded by supporters as the best ever attacking line of the club.

The only three-in-a-row title term in club history occurred in the 1989–90, 1990–91 and 1991–92 seasons. Most notably, Beşiktaş became the first and only undefeated champions in Süper Lig history.[14][15]

Under Milne, the team adopted the 4–4–2 system. By playing down the lines, crossing and winning balls in the air, the team were in fine form and scored many goals. On 15 October 1989, Beşiktaş broke the Süper Lig record for the biggest winning margin in a game with a 10–0 victory over Southern Turkey team Adana Demirspor.[16] This match was designated as one of the 16 biggest matches in club history.[17]

Nicknames

There is a legend surrounding the nicknaming of the team as "The Black Eagles". Beşiktaş, the title holder of the previous two seasons, started the 1940–41 season with a young and renewed team. As the weeks went by, the team had built up a sizeable lead at the top of the league table. With five weeks remaining in the season, the opponent was Süleymaniye. Beşiktaş had started the game in Şeref Stadium on Sunday 19 January 1941, with the following players: Faruk, Yavuz, İbrahim, Rıfat, Halil, Hüseyin, Şakir, Hakkı, Şükrü, Şeref, Eşref. The team went ahead in the first half. Midway through the second half of the game, Beşiktaş attacked continuously, despite being in front. And then, according to legend, a voice was heard from the stands towards which Beşiktaş was attacking. The voice said, "Come on, Black Eagles! Attack, Black Eagles!" The story goes that the owner of the voice from the stands was a fisherman called Mehmet Galin. Beşiktaş finished the game with a 6–0 win. The Beşiktaş players, who had very successfully defeated their opponents that season, were being described as "Black Eagles", and the football they played was being compared to "Attacking like Black Eagles". The comparison resonated with the team and the fans, and so it was adopted by the Beşiktaş community as their team's nickname.[18]

Stadium
The old BJK İnönü Stadium entrance, displaying the club emblem and stars for Turkish Super League championships.
Main article: Vodafone Park

Beşiktaş play their home games at Vodafone Park. Completed in 2016, it was built on the site of Beşiktaş's former home, BJK İnönü Stadium.

Honours
Photo of the 2002–03 Süper Lig trophy, won by Beşiktaş during the club's centenary year (1903–2003)

Domestic

National Championships

National Cups
Photo of the 2006–07 Turkish Cup, won by Beşiktaş.

UEFA achievements

Others

Recent seasons
Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. seasons
SeasonDiv.Pos.Pl.WDLGSGAPCupEuropeManager
2010–11 SL53415910533654 Winners UELRound of 32 Bernd Schuster/Tayfur Havutçu
2011–12 SL434+615+19+210+350+539+954+5 Round of 16 UELRound of 16 Carlos Carvalhal/Tayfur Havutçu
2012–13 SL 3 3416108634958 Round of 16 — Samet Aybaba
2013–14 SL 3 3417116533362 Round of 32 UELPlay-off Slaven Bilić
2014–15 SL 3 342167553269 Round of 16 UCL
UEL		Play-off
Round of 16
2015–16 SL 1 342545753579 Quarter-finals UELGroup Stage Şenol Güneş
2016–17 SL 1 342383733077 Round of 16 UCL
UEL		Group Stage
Quarter-finals
2017–18 SL 4 342185693071 Semi-finals UCL Round of 16
2018–19 SL 3 341987724665 — UELGroup Stage
2019–20 SL 3 3419510594062 Round of 16 UELGroup Stage Abdullah Avcı/Sergen Yalçın

Last updated: 1 August 2020 (2020-08-01)
Div.=Division; Pos.=Position; Pl=Match played; W=Won; D=Drawn; L=Lost; GS=Goals scored; GA=Goals against; P=Points
SL=Süper Lig; UCL=UEFA Champions League; UC=UEFA Cup; UEL=UEFA Europa League; Cup=Turkish Cup
Background colours: Gold=winners; Silver=runners-up; Bronze=third

European record
Main article: Beşiktaş J.K. in European football

Statistics
As of March 8, 2020[19]
CompetitionPlayedWonDrewLostGFGAGDWin%
European Cup / Champions League 82 27 19 36 85 131 −46 032.93
Cup Winners' Cup 20 4 4 12 21 38 −17 020.00
UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League 120 53 23 44 188 154 +34 044.17
Total 222 84 46 92 294 323 −29 037.84

Legend: GF = Goals For. GA = Goals Against. GD = Goal Difference.

UEFA club coefficient ranking
As of 26 July 2020[20]
RankTeamPoints
41 AC Milan33.000 (+14.666 National Association Contribution)
42 PSV Eindhoven40.000
43 Beşiktaş JK38.000
44 KRC Genk 37.500
45 Inter Milan30.000

Players

Current squad
As of 15 August 2020.[21]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
3 DF  CHI Enzo Roco
5 DF  BRA Douglas
8 FW  TUR Umut Nayir
9 FW  TUR Güven Yalçın
10 MF  TUR Oğuzhan Özyakup (Vice-captain)
11 MF  USA Tyler Boyd
12 DF  TUR Erdoğan Kaya
13 MF  CAN Atiba Hutchinson (Captain)
19 MF  FRA Georges-Kévin Nkoudou
20 MF  TUR Necip Uysal
21 DF  COD Fabrice N'Sakala
No. Pos. Nation Player
22 MF  SRB Adem Ljajić
24 DF  CRO Domagoj Vida (Vice-captain)
26 MF  TUR Dorukhan Toköz
27 MF  NED Jeremain Lens
30 GK  TUR Ersin Destanoğlu
33 DF  TUR Rıdvan Yılmaz
34 DF  TUR Kerem Kalafat
37 MF  TUR Mertcan Açıkgöz
41 MF  TUR Kartal Yılmaz
97 GK  TUR Utku Yuvakuran
— MF  TUR Muhayer Oktay

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player

Other players under contract

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
— DF  TUR Alpay Çelebi
— DF  FRA Nicolas Isimat-Mirin
No. Pos. Nation Player
— FW  CAN Cyle Larin
— FW  BIH Ajdin Hasić

Coaching staff

As of 26 July 2020:[22][23]

PositionStaff
Head Coach Sergen Yalçın
Assistant Coach Murat Şahin
Assistant Coach Çağdaş Atan
Assistant Coach Ozan Köprülü
Goalkeeper Coach Levent Açıl
Fitness Coach Stefano Morrone
Analyst Murat Kaymaz
Scout Gürsoy Yalçın
Scout Serdar Topraktepe

Managerial history

There have been managers from various European countries at the helm of the club. The longest serving manager of Beşiktaş is Şeref Bey, managing the club for 14 years. The most successful manager is Gordon Milne, winning the league three times in a row along with other trophies as well.[24]

Presidential History
Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. presidents
  • 1903–08 Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı
  • 1908–11 Şükrü Paşa
  • 1911–18 Fuat Paşa
  • 1918–23 Fuat Balkan
  • 1923–24 Salih Bey
  • 1924–26 Ahmet Fetgeri Aşeni
  • 1926–28 Fuat Balkan
  • 1928–30 Ahmet Fetgeri Aşeni
  • 1930–32 Emin Şükrü Kunt
  • 1932–35 Abdülkadir Karamürsel
  • 1935–38 Fuat Balkan
  • 1938–39 Abdülkadir Karamürsel
  • 1939–41 Yusuf Ziya Erdem
  • 1941–42 Abdülkadir Karamürsel
  • 1942–50 A. Ziya Kozanoğlu
  • 1950       Ekrem Amaç
  • 1950–52 Salih Keçeci
  • 1952–55 A. Ziya Kozanoğlu
  • 1955–56 Tahir Söğütlü
  • 1956–57 Danyal Akbel
  • 1957       Ferhat Nasır
  • 1957–58 Nuri Togay
  • 1958       Enver Kaya
  • 1958–60 Nuri Togay
  • 1960–63 Hakkı Yeten
  • 1963–64 Selahattin Akel
  • 1964–66 Hakkı Yeten
  • 1966–67 Hasan Salman
  • 1967–68 Hakkı Yeten
  • 1968–69 Talat Asal
  • 1969–70 Rüştü Erkuş
  • 1970       Nuri Togay
  • 1970–71 Agasi Şen
  • 1971–72 Himmet Ünlü
  • 1972–73 Şekip Okçuoğlu
  • 1973–77 Mehmet Üstünkaya
  • 1977–79 Gazi Akınal
  • 1979       Hüseyin Cevahir
  • 1979–80 Gazi Akınal
  • 1980–81 Rıza Kumruoğlu
  • 1981–84 Mehmet Üstünkaya
  • 1984–00 Süleyman Seba
  • 2000–04 Serdar Bilgili
  • 2004–12 Yıldırım Demirören
  • 2012–19 Fikret Orman
  • 2019–      Ahmet Nur Çebi

Sponsorships
YearsMain shirt sponsorKit manufacturer
1988ToshibaAdidas
1988–1998Beko
1998–2001Reebok
2001–2004Puma
2004–2005Turkcell
2005–2009Cola TurkaUmbro
2009–2011Adidas
2011–2014Toyota
2014–2020Vodafone
2020-Beko
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gollark: We're having arbitrary humans assisted by trained GPT-3 instances write it so it should be out soon.
gollark: Or they avoided the magical control because something something dragon, I don't know, this is going into the sequels mostly.
gollark: They were given access to the power of lace and cereal bars due to the will of the mysterious other antagonist, for some unfathomable end.

References
  1. "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü Derneği Tüzüğü" (PDF) (in Turkish). p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  2. "Kara Kartallar Efsanesi". Beşiltaş JK. 22 October 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  3. "Turkey – Club Nicknames". RSSSF. 10 July 2005. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  4. "4 Mart Zaman Tüneli Haberleri – Sabah". www.sabah.com.tr.
  5. "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü". www.bjk.com.tr.
  6. Selçuk Genç. "Beşiktaşımızın 34. Başkanı Ahmet Nur Çebi" (in Turkish). Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  7. "Info Bank » Club Details". Turkish Football Federation. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  8. "Branches, Football". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 30 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Basketball". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 1 December 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Volleyball". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Handball". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Athletics". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Boxing". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Wrestling". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Chess". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Cards Bridge". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Gymnastics". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Rowing". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Table Tennis". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Disabled Sports". Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Beşiktaş Beach Football Team is Established". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
  9. zaman, Yazar : bizim. "Bizimzaman: 4 Martta Neler Oldu? Tarihte 4 Martta Yaşananlar Neler? Tarihte 4 Mart".
  10. "Beşiktaş J.K. Official Web Site". www.bjk.com.tr. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  11. "Beşiktaş J.K. Official Web Site". www.bjk.com.tr.
  12. "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü". www.bjk.com.tr. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  13. "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü". www.bjk.com.tr. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  14. "1991–92 League Ranking". Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  15. "1991–92 League Ranking". Turkish Football Association. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  16. "Beşiktaş – Adana Demirspor : 10–0". Beşiktaş club website. 1 November 2005. Archived from the original on 24 January 2008. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  17. "Basarilarimiz" [Our Achievements]. Beşiktaş club website. Archived from the original on 24 January 2008. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  18. "Beşiktaş Karakartal Ambleminin Hikayesi". Delinetciler Portal.
  19. UEFA club competition record – UEFA.com
  20. UEFA.com. "Member associations – UEFA Coefficients – Club coefficients". UEFA.
  21. "A TAKIM". Beşiktaş J.K. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
  22. "İşte Sergen Yalçın'ın ekibi" (in Turkish). Cumhuriyet. İhlas News Agency. 28 January 2020. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  23. "Sergen Yalçın'ın ekibi belli oldu!" (in Turkish). Hürriyet. 29 June 2020. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  24. Teknik Direktörlerimiz Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine Beşiktaş JK
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