56 (number)

56 (fifty-six) is the natural number following 55 and preceding 57.

← 55 56 57 →
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Cardinal	fifty-six
Ordinal	56th (fifty-sixth)
Factorization	2^3 × 7
Divisors	1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 28, 56
Greek numeral	ΝϚ´
Roman numeral	LVI
Binary	1110002
Ternary	20023
Quaternary	3204
Quinary	2115
Senary	1326
Octal	708
Duodecimal	4812
Hexadecimal	3816
Vigesimal	2G20
Base 36	1K36

Mathematics

Regular 56-gon, associated by the Pythagoreans with Typhon

56 is:

• The sum of the first six triangular numbers (making it a tetrahedral number).[1]
• The number of ways to choose 3 out of 8 objects or 5 out of 8 objects, if order does not matter.
• The sum of six consecutive primes (3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 13 + 17)
• a tetranacci number[2] and a pronic number.[3]
• The sum of the sums of the divisors of the first 8 positive integers.[4]
• A semiperfect number, since 56 is twice a perfect number.
• A partition number - the number of distinct ways 11 can be represented as the sum of natural numbers.
• An Erdős–Woods number, since it is possible to find sequences of 56 consecutive integers such that each inner member shares a factor with either the first or the last member.[5]
• The only known number n such that φ(n − 1)σ(n − 1) = φ(n)σ(n) = φ(n + 1)σ(n + 1), where φ(m) is Euler's totient function and σ(n) is the sum of the divisor function, see OEIS: A244439.

The maximum determinant in an 8 by 8 matrix of zeroes and ones is 56.

Plutarch[6] states that the Pythagoreans associated a polygon of 56 sides with Typhon and that they associated certain polygons of smaller numbers of sides with other figures in Greek mythology. While it is impossible to construct a perfect regular 56-sided polygon using a compass and straightedge, a close approximation has recently been discovered which it is claimed[7] might have been used at Stonehenge, and it is constructible if the use of an angle trisector is allowed since 56 = 2³ × 7.[8]

Science, technology, and biology

• The atomic number of barium.
• In humans, olfactory receptors are categorized in 56 families.
• The code for international direct dial phone calls to Chile.
• The maximum speed of analog data transmission over a POTS in the 20th century was 56 kbit/s.
• The number of bits in a key used in the Data Encryption Standard.

Astronomy

• Messier object M56, a magnitude 9.5 globular cluster in the constellation Lyra
• The New General Catalogue object NGC 56, an unverified object in the constellation Pisces, which does not appear to be a real object

Music

• "56 Minutes", a 2007 David Woodard composition for piano, violin, cello and electronics[9][10]
• Flatfoot 56, a Christian punk rock band
• "Along For The Ride ('56 T-bird)" sung by Danny O'Keefe
  • This song was covered by John Denver
• "Five Feet of Lovin '56" sung by Gene Vincent
• Elvis '56, an Elvis Presley CD
• The name of a Plexi song
• Xperimento56, a Spanish Funk/Rock band
• "56 Nights", a mixtape by Future

Television and film

• The car number of Ray Peyton, Jr. (Breckin Meyer) in Herbie: Fully Loaded
• "Nasser 56" documentary
• Roberto, a character in Futurama, gets angered when Bender chooses the number "56-ish" when negotiating to spare his friends

Sports

• Joe DiMaggio's 56-game hitting streak, which DiMaggio accomplished in 1941 with the New York Yankees. This remains a record today.
• Hack Wilson hit 56 home runs in 1930, a National League record until 1998
• 56 people died in a fire at Valley Parade on May 11 in the Bradford City stadium fire.
• The number of the laps of the Chinese Grand Prix, Malaysian Grand Prix, and United States Grand Prix since 2012, the first season in which the US race was held at the Circuit of the Americas.

Organizations

• The symbol of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.
• Famous Brazilian politician, Enéas Carneiro has an odd way of repeating the number of his party, "Fifty-Six" (cinquenta e seis, in Portuguese), making it a widely repeated jargon in his country.
• 56 Stuff, an international art community and a record label.
• Department 56 designer of collectibles, giftware and seasonal decorations such as miniature village houses.

People

• Shirley Temple, as a child, wore 56 curls in her hair. Curls were set by her mother, who thus made sure of the exact number.
• Isoroku Yamamoto, named "Isoroku" because his father's age was 56 at his birth, and "Isoroku" is an old Japanese term meaning 56.

Geography

• The name of the town Fifty-Six, Arkansas.
• The number of counties in the state of Montana.
• In the Los Angeles postal district, Zone 56 (now the ZIP Code area 90056) is one of few that is not within the Los Angeles City Limits (90020 and 90044 are others).
• 56 is the number of the French department Morbihan.
• There are 56 Longhurst codes.
• +56 is the code for international direct-dial phone calls to Chile.

Archaeology

• The number of Aubrey Holes (thought to have located wooden posts) in the first stage of Stonehenge.[11]

Cosmogony

• According to Aristotle, 56 is the number of layers of the Universe - Earth plus 55 crystalline spheres above it.[12]

History

• The number of men who signed the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776.
• The number of men of Netophah at the census of men of Israel upon return from exile (Ezra 2:22).

Occultism

• There should be 56 cards in the Minor Arcana of a Tarot deck.

References

1. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A000292 (Tetrahedral numbers)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
2. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A000078 (Tetranacci numbers)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
3. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A002378 (Oblong (or promic, pronic, or heteromecic) numbers)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
4. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A024916 (sum_{k=1..n} sigma(k) where sigma(n) = sum of divisors of n)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation.
5. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A059756 (Erdős-Woods numbers)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
6. Plutarch, Moralia V: 30
7. Pegs and Ropes: Geometry at Stonehenge
8. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2015-02-19.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
9. Currie, N., "Takemitsu and shakuhachi" Archived 2012-04-10 at the Wayback Machine, Click Opera, Apr. 29, 2007.
10. Augustin Maurs bio Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, OVGuide.
11. Alexander, Caroline. "If the Stones Could Speak: Searching for the Meaning of Stonehenge". National Geographic Magazine. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
12. Heaven by Lisa Miller, (2010), ISBN 978-0-06-055475-0 - page 13.