1984 United States presidential election in Mississippi
The 1984 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 6, 1984. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. Mississippi voters chose seven electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States.
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 County Results
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Mississippi was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota. Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas, and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York, the first major female candidate for the vice presidency.
Partisan background
The presidential election of 1984 was a very partisan election for Mississippi, with over 99% of the electorate voting only either Democratic or Republican.[1] The vast majority of counties in Mississippi voted in majority for Reagan, a particularly strong turn out, even in this typically conservative-leaning state. A notable exception is the counties bordering the Mississippi River itself, which tended to vote Democratic during this time. In fact, in Jefferson County, possessing the largest African-American share of any United States county's population, Mondale received 77.94% of the vote, a proportion exceeded only by the District of Columbia, Macon in Alabama, and Native American Shannon County in South Dakota.[2]
Mississippi weighed in for this election as 3% more Republican than the national average. As of the 2016 presidential election, this is the last election in which the following counties voted for a Republican presidential candidate: Clay, Issaquena, Jefferson Davis, Sunflower, and Tallahatchie.[3]
Democratic platform
Walter Mondale accepted the Democratic nomination for presidency after pulling narrowly ahead of Senator Gary Hart of Colorado and Rev. Jesse Jackson of Illinois - his main contenders during what would be a very contentious[4] Democratic primary. During the campaign, Mondale was vocal about reduction of government spending, and, in particular, was vocal against heightened military spending on the nuclear arms race against the Soviet Union,[5] which was reaching its peak on both sides in the early 1980s.
Taking a (what was becoming the traditional liberal) stance on the social issues of the day, Mondale advocated for gun control, the right to choose regarding abortion, and strongly opposed the repeal of laws regarding institutionalized prayer in public schools. He also criticized Reagan for his economic marginalization of the poor, stating that Reagan's reelection campaign was "a happy talk campaign," not focused on the real issues at hand.[6]
A very significant political move during this election: the Democratic Party nominated Representative Geraldine Ferraro to run with Mondale as Vice-President. Ferraro is the first female candidate to receive such a nomination in United States history. She said in an interview at the 1984 Democratic National Convention that this action "opened a door which will never be closed again,"[7] speaking to the role of women in politics.
Republican platform
| Elections in Mississippi | ||||||
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By 1984, Reagan was very popular with voters across the nation as the President who saw them out of the economic stagflation of the early and middle 1970's, and into a period of (relative) economic stability.[8]
The economic success seen under Reagan was politically accomplished (principally) in two ways. The first was initiation of deep tax cuts for the wealthy,[9] and the second was a wide-spectrum of tax cuts for crude oil production and refinement, namely, with the 1980 Windfall profits tax cuts.[10] These policies were augmented with a call for heightened military spending,[11] the cutting of social welfare programs for the poor,[12] and the increasing of taxes on those making less than $50,000 per year.[9] Collectively called "Reaganomics", these economic policies were established through several pieces of legislation passed between 1980 and 1987.
These new tax policies also arguably curbed several existing tax loopholes, preferences, and exceptions, but Reaganomics is typically remembered for its trickle down effect of taxing poor Americans more than rich ones. Reaganomics has (along with legislation passed under presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton) been criticized by many analysts as "setting the stage" for economic troubles in the United State after 2007, such as the Great Recession.[13]
Virtually unopposed during the Republican primaries, Reagan ran on a campaign of furthering his economic policies. Reagan vowed to continue his "war on drugs," passing sweeping legislation after the 1984 election in support of mandatory minimum sentences for drug possession.[14] Furthermore, taking a (what was becoming the traditional conservative) stance on the social issues of the day, Reagan strongly opposed legislation regarding comprehension of gay marriage, abortion, and (to a lesser extent) environmentalism,[15] regarding the final as simply being bad for business.
Republican victory
Reagan won the election in Mississippi with a resounding 24 point sweep-out landslide. Mississippi continued its trend of voting for the same presidential candidate as its sister Dixie State Alabama this election cycle – a trend which has remained unbroken since 1872.
Results
| 1984 United States presidential election in Mississippi | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
| Republican | Ronald Reagan | 581,477 | 61.85% | 7 | |
| Democratic | Walter Mondale | 352,192 | 37.46% | 0 | |
| Libertarian | David Bergland | 2,336 | 0.25% | 0 | |
| Workers World | Larry Holmes | 1,169 | 0.12% | 0 | |
| Socialist Workers Party | Melvin Mason | 1,032 | 0.11% | 0 | |
| Independent | Lyndon LaRouche | 1,001 | 0.11% | 0 | |
| America First | Bob Richards | 629 | 0.07% | 0 | |
| New Alliance Party | Dennis Serrette | 356 | 0.04% | 0 | |
| Totals | 940,192 | 100.0% | 7 | ||
Results by county
| Ronald Wilson Reagan Republican |
Walter Frederick Mondale Democratic |
Various candidates Other parties |
Margin | Total votes cast | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| County | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # |
| Adams | 9,440 | 54.32% | 7,849 | 45.17% | 89 | 0.51% | 1,591 | 9.16% | 17,378 |
| Alcorn | 7,203 | 58.66% | 4,862 | 39.60% | 214 | 1.74% | 2,341 | 19.07% | 12,279 |
| Amite | 3,463 | 57.24% | 2,569 | 42.46% | 18 | 0.30% | 894 | 14.78% | 6,050 |
| Attala | 4,870 | 59.28% | 3,327 | 40.50% | 18 | 0.22% | 1,543 | 18.78% | 8,215 |
| Benton | 1,737 | 50.12% | 1,715 | 49.48% | 14 | 0.40% | 22 | 0.63% | 3,466 |
| Bolivar | 6,939 | 43.85% | 8,769 | 55.42% | 116 | 0.73% | -1,830 | -11.56% | 15,824 |
| Calhoun | 3,579 | 67.06% | 1,749 | 32.77% | 9 | 0.17% | 1,830 | 34.29% | 5,337 |
| Carroll | 2,823 | 65.70% | 1,462 | 34.02% | 12 | 0.28% | 1,361 | 31.67% | 4,297 |
| Chickasaw | 3,605 | 60.52% | 2,329 | 39.10% | 23 | 0.39% | 1,276 | 21.42% | 5,957 |
| Choctaw | 2,491 | 68.00% | 1,166 | 31.83% | 6 | 0.16% | 1,325 | 36.17% | 3,663 |
| Claiborne | 1,294 | 28.86% | 3,179 | 70.90% | 11 | 0.25% | -1,885 | -42.04% | 4,484 |
| Clarke | 4,551 | 66.61% | 2,262 | 33.11% | 19 | 0.28% | 2,289 | 33.50% | 6,832 |
| Clay | 4,112 | 50.23% | 4,046 | 49.42% | 29 | 0.35% | 66 | 0.81% | 8,187 |
| Coahoma | 5,759 | 44.96% | 6,839 | 53.39% | 212 | 1.65% | -1,080 | -8.43% | 12,810 |
| Copiah | 5,806 | 55.74% | 4,591 | 44.08% | 19 | 0.18% | 1,215 | 11.66% | 10,416 |
| Covington | 4,165 | 64.95% | 2,219 | 34.60% | 29 | 0.45% | 1,946 | 30.34% | 6,413 |
| DeSoto | 12,576 | 73.88% | 4,369 | 25.67% | 77 | 0.45% | 8,207 | 48.21% | 17,022 |
| Forrest | 15,719 | 69.63% | 6,786 | 30.06% | 71 | 0.31% | 8,933 | 39.57% | 22,576 |
| Franklin | 2,564 | 62.86% | 1,494 | 36.63% | 21 | 0.51% | 1,070 | 26.23% | 4,079 |
| George | 4,346 | 72.10% | 1,655 | 27.46% | 27 | 0.45% | 2,691 | 44.64% | 6,028 |
| Greene | 2,744 | 67.55% | 1,297 | 31.93% | 21 | 0.52% | 1,447 | 35.62% | 4,062 |
| Grenada | 5,181 | 60.80% | 3,325 | 39.02% | 15 | 0.18% | 1,856 | 21.78% | 8,521 |
| Hancock | 7,662 | 74.07% | 2,630 | 25.43% | 52 | 0.50% | 5,032 | 48.65% | 10,344 |
| Harrison | 33,995 | 72.83% | 12,495 | 26.77% | 187 | 0.40% | 21,500 | 46.06% | 46,677 |
| Hinds | 56,953 | 56.69% | 42,373 | 42.18% | 1,142 | 1.14% | 14,580 | 14.51% | 100,468 |
| Holmes | 3,102 | 35.44% | 5,641 | 64.45% | 10 | 0.11% | -2,539 | -29.01% | 8,753 |
| Humphreys | 2,309 | 46.99% | 2,596 | 52.83% | 9 | 0.18% | -287 | -5.84% | 4,914 |
| Issaquena | 512 | 49.52% | 501 | 48.45% | 21 | 2.03% | 11 | 1.06% | 1,034 |
| Itawamba | 4,587 | 62.96% | 2,674 | 36.71% | 24 | 0.33% | 1,913 | 26.26% | 7,285 |
| Jackson | 29,585 | 76.79% | 8,821 | 22.89% | 123 | 0.32% | 20,764 | 53.89% | 38,529 |
| Jasper | 3,727 | 54.00% | 3,104 | 44.97% | 71 | 1.03% | 623 | 9.03% | 6,902 |
| Jefferson | 856 | 21.88% | 3,049 | 77.94% | 7 | 0.18% | -2,193 | -56.06% | 3,912 |
| Jefferson Davis | 2,884 | 51.81% | 2,644 | 47.50% | 38 | 0.68% | 240 | 4.31% | 5,566 |
| Jones | 17,586 | 70.47% | 7,298 | 29.25% | 70 | 0.28% | 10,288 | 41.23% | 24,954 |
| Kemper | 2,354 | 52.83% | 2,089 | 46.88% | 13 | 0.29% | 265 | 5.95% | 4,456 |
| Lafayette | 6,006 | 62.05% | 3,646 | 37.67% | 28 | 0.29% | 2,360 | 24.38% | 9,680 |
| Lamar | 7,929 | 79.85% | 1,964 | 19.78% | 37 | 0.37% | 5,965 | 60.07% | 9,930 |
| Lauderdale | 18,807 | 69.00% | 7,534 | 27.64% | 916 | 3.36% | 11,273 | 41.36% | 27,257 |
| Lawrence | 3,970 | 63.49% | 2,274 | 36.37% | 9 | 0.14% | 1,696 | 27.12% | 6,253 |
| Leake | 4,663 | 62.04% | 2,845 | 37.85% | 8 | 0.11% | 1,818 | 24.19% | 7,516 |
| Lee | 13,312 | 67.47% | 6,208 | 31.46% | 210 | 1.06% | 7,104 | 36.01% | 19,730 |
| Leflore | 7,550 | 49.63% | 7,443 | 48.93% | 219 | 1.44% | 107 | 0.70% | 15,212 |
| Lincoln | 8,898 | 66.50% | 4,458 | 33.32% | 25 | 0.19% | 4,440 | 33.18% | 13,381 |
| Lowndes | 12,049 | 66.29% | 6,078 | 33.44% | 50 | 0.28% | 5,971 | 32.85% | 18,177 |
| Madison | 9,298 | 53.24% | 8,002 | 45.82% | 163 | 0.93% | 1,296 | 7.42% | 17,463 |
| Marion | 7,355 | 66.11% | 3,757 | 33.77% | 13 | 0.12% | 3,598 | 32.34% | 11,125 |
| Marshall | 4,389 | 42.70% | 5,845 | 56.87% | 44 | 0.43% | -1,456 | -14.17% | 10,278 |
| Monroe | 7,387 | 62.28% | 4,437 | 37.41% | 36 | 0.30% | 2,950 | 24.87% | 11,860 |
| Montgomery | 3,093 | 62.07% | 1,881 | 37.75% | 9 | 0.18% | 1,212 | 24.32% | 4,983 |
| Neshoba | 6,715 | 71.71% | 2,630 | 28.09% | 19 | 0.20% | 4,085 | 43.62% | 9,364 |
| Newton | 5,911 | 73.23% | 2,127 | 26.35% | 34 | 0.42% | 3,784 | 46.88% | 8,072 |
| Noxubee | 2,123 | 41.23% | 2,928 | 56.87% | 98 | 1.90% | -805 | -15.63% | 5,149 |
| Oktibbeha | 7,574 | 59.65% | 5,097 | 40.14% | 26 | 0.20% | 2,477 | 19.51% | 12,697 |
| Panola | 5,850 | 51.43% | 5,465 | 48.04% | 60 | 0.53% | 385 | 3.38% | 11,375 |
| Pearl River | 9,978 | 76.10% | 3,085 | 23.53% | 49 | 0.37% | 6,893 | 52.57% | 13,112 |
| Perry | 3,098 | 65.30% | 1,415 | 29.83% | 231 | 4.87% | 1,683 | 35.48% | 4,744 |
| Pike | 8,254 | 57.28% | 6,137 | 42.59% | 20 | 0.14% | 2,117 | 14.69% | 14,411 |
| Pontotoc | 5,182 | 67.80% | 2,434 | 31.85% | 27 | 0.35% | 2,748 | 35.95% | 7,643 |
| Prentiss | 4,821 | 62.35% | 2,897 | 37.47% | 14 | 0.18% | 1,924 | 24.88% | 7,732 |
| Quitman | 2,198 | 48.33% | 2,343 | 51.52% | 7 | 0.15% | -145 | -3.19% | 4,548 |
| Rankin | 22,393 | 79.10% | 5,874 | 20.75% | 41 | 0.14% | 16,519 | 58.35% | 28,308 |
| Scott | 5,763 | 63.66% | 3,274 | 36.16% | 16 | 0.18% | 2,489 | 27.49% | 9,053 |
| Sharkey | 1,487 | 43.76% | 1,723 | 50.71% | 188 | 5.53% | -236 | -6.95% | 3,398 |
| Simpson | 5,983 | 67.04% | 2,894 | 32.43% | 47 | 0.53% | 3,089 | 34.61% | 8,924 |
| Smith | 5,116 | 76.24% | 1,573 | 23.44% | 21 | 0.31% | 3,543 | 52.80% | 6,710 |
| Stone | 2,980 | 71.07% | 1,185 | 28.26% | 28 | 0.67% | 1,795 | 42.81% | 4,193 |
| Sunflower | 5,178 | 51.21% | 4,913 | 48.59% | 20 | 0.20% | 265 | 2.62% | 10,111 |
| Tallahatchie | 2,901 | 51.38% | 2,725 | 48.26% | 20 | 0.35% | 176 | 3.12% | 5,646 |
| Tate | 4,677 | 61.89% | 2,846 | 37.66% | 34 | 0.45% | 1,831 | 24.23% | 7,557 |
| Tippah | 4,706 | 64.46% | 2,566 | 35.15% | 29 | 0.40% | 2,140 | 29.31% | 7,301 |
| Tishomingo | 3,527 | 54.87% | 2,879 | 44.79% | 22 | 0.34% | 648 | 10.08% | 6,428 |
| Tunica | 1,109 | 39.55% | 1,621 | 57.81% | 74 | 2.64% | -512 | -18.26% | 2,804 |
| Union | 5,837 | 67.74% | 2,766 | 32.10% | 14 | 0.16% | 3,071 | 35.64% | 8,617 |
| Walthall | 3,305 | 59.65% | 2,219 | 40.05% | 17 | 0.31% | 1,086 | 19.60% | 5,541 |
| Warren | 12,959 | 60.99% | 8,054 | 37.90% | 235 | 1.11% | 4,905 | 23.08% | 21,248 |
| Washington | 12,454 | 53.19% | 10,617 | 45.34% | 343 | 1.46% | 1,837 | 7.85% | 23,414 |
| Wayne | 5,000 | 63.81% | 2,818 | 35.96% | 18 | 0.23% | 2,182 | 27.85% | 7,836 |
| Webster | 3,390 | 70.71% | 1,397 | 29.14% | 7 | 0.15% | 1,993 | 41.57% | 4,794 |
| Wilkinson | 1,722 | 39.28% | 2,627 | 59.92% | 35 | 0.80% | -905 | -20.64% | 4,384 |
| Winston | 5,192 | 59.36% | 3,543 | 40.51% | 11 | 0.13% | 1,649 | 18.85% | 8,746 |
| Yalobusha | 2,934 | 55.52% | 2,337 | 44.22% | 14 | 0.26% | 597 | 11.30% | 5,285 |
| Yazoo | 6,275 | 54.99% | 5,037 | 44.14% | 100 | 0.88% | 1,238 | 10.85% | 11,412 |
| Totals | 582,377 | 61.88% | 352,192 | 37.42% | 6,523 | 0.69% | 230,185 | 24.46% | 941,092 |
References
- "1984 Presidential General Election Results – Mississippi". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved 2013-11-11.
- Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections; 1984 Presidential Election Statistics
- Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
- Kurt Andersen, "A Wild Ride to the End", Time, May 28, 1984
- Trying to Win the Peace, by Even Thomas, Time, July 2, 1984
- Mondale's Acceptance Speech, 1984, AllPolitics
- Martin, Douglas (2011-03-27). "Geraldine A. Ferraro, First Woman on Major Party Ticket, Dies at 75". The New York Times. pp. A1. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
- Raines, Howell (November 7, 1984). "Reagan Wins By a Landslide, Sweeping at Least 48 States; G.O.P. Gains Strength in House". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
- "U.S. Federal Individual Income Tax Rates History, 1913–2011 (Nominal and Inflation-Adjusted Brackets)". Tax Foundation. September 9, 2011. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
- Joseph J. Thorndike (Nov 10, 2005). "Historical Perspective: The Windfall Profit Tax". Retrieved November 11, 2013.
- Historical tables, Budget of the United States Government Archived 2012-04-17 at the Wayback Machine, 2013, table 6.1.
- Niskanen, William A. (1992). "Reaganomics". In David R. Henderson (ed.). Concise Encyclopedia of Economics (1st ed.). Library of Economics and Liberty. OCLC 317650570, 50016270, 163149563
- Jerry Lanson (2008-11-06). "A historic victory. A changed nation. Now, can Obama deliver?". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
- Alexander, Michelle (2010). The New Jim Crow. New York: The New Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-1595581037.
- Prendergast, William B. (1999). The Catholic vote in American politics. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press. pp. 186, 191–193. ISBN 0-87840-724-3.
