COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was confirmed to have spread to Indonesia on 2 March 2020, after a dance instructor and her mother tested positive for the virus. Both were infected from a Japanese national.[3][4]

COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Cases per million by province as of 18 August 2020
Confirmed cases by province as of 19 August 2020
Deaths by province as of 19 August 2020
Recoveries by province as of 18 August 2020
DiseaseCOVID-19
Virus strainSARS-CoV-2
LocationIndonesia
First outbreakWuhan, Hubei, China
Index caseKemang, Jakarta
Arrival date2 March 2020
(5 months, 2 weeks and 3 days)
Confirmed cases144,945[1][2]
Active cases39,942[1][2]
Suspected cases79,174[1][2]
Recovered98,657[1][2]
Deaths
6,346[1][2]
Fatality rate4.38%
Territories
484 regencies and cities in 34 provinces[1][2]
Government website
National:
covid19.go.id
covid19.bnpb.go.id
covid19.kemkes.go.id
Local:
see cases by province (table)
Suspected cases have not been confirmed as being due to this strain by laboratory tests, although some other strains may have been ruled out.

By 9 April, the pandemic had spread to all 34 provinces in the country and by 23 July, half of them had more than 1,000 cases. Jakarta, East Java, and Central Java are the worst-hit provinces. The largest increase of new cases in a single day occurred on 9 July, when 2,657 cases were announced. At most 2,366 recoveries and 139 fatalities were ever recorded within a span of 24 hours. On 13 July, the recoveries exceeded active cases for the first time.[5]

As of 19 August, Indonesia has reported 144,945 cases, the second highest in Southeast Asia, behind the Philippines. In terms of death numbers, Indonesia ranks third in Asia and 18th in the world.[6] Review of data, however, indicated that the number of deaths may be much higher than what has been reported as those who died with acute COVID-19 symptoms but had not been confirmed or tested were not counted in the official death figure.[7]

Indonesia has tested 1,096,294 people against its 269 million population so far, or around 4,066 tests per million, making it one of the lowest testing rates in the world.[8] The World Health Organization has urged the nation to perform more tests, especially on suspected patients.[9]

Instead of implementing a nationwide lockdown, the government had approved large-scale social restrictions (Indonesian: Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, abbreviated as PSBB) for some regencies and cities. Starting from late May, they began to apply New Normal, along with another green and yellow zone regions. This policy received much criticism and is considered as a 'disaster' due to the still increasing number of cases.[10]

Statistics

COVID-19 cases in Indonesia  ()
     Deaths        Recoveries        Active cases

Mar Mar Apr Apr May May Jun Jun Jul Jul Aug Aug Last 15 days Last 15 days

Date
# of cases
# of deaths
2020-03-02 2(n.a.)
2(=)
2020-03-06
4(+100%)
2020-03-07
4(=)
2020-03-08
6(+50%)
2020-03-09
19(+217%)
2020-03-10
27(+42%)
2020-03-11
34(+26%) 1(n.a.)
2020-03-12
34(=) 1(=)
2020-03-13
69(+103%) 4(+300%)
2020-03-14
96(+39%) 5(+25%)
2020-03-15
117(+22%) 5(=)
2020-03-16
134(+15%) 5(=)
2020-03-17
172(+28%) 7(+40%)
2020-03-18
227(+32%) 19(+171%)
2020-03-19
308(+36%) 25(+32%)
2020-03-20
369(+20%) 32(+28%)
2020-03-21
450(+22%) 38(+19%)
2020-03-22
514(+14%) 48(+26%)
2020-03-23
579(+13%) 49(+2.1%)
2020-03-24
685(+18%) 55(+12%)
2020-03-25
790(+15%) 58(+5.5%)
2020-03-26
893(+13%) 78(+34%)
2020-03-27
1,046(+17%) 87(+12%)
2020-03-28
1,155(+10%) 102(+17%)
2020-03-29
1,285(+11%) 114(+12%)
2020-03-30
1,414(+10%) 122(+7%)
2020-03-31
1,528(+8.1%) 136(+11%)
2020-04-01
1,677(+9.8%) 157(+15%)
2020-04-02
1,790(+6.7%) 170(+8.3%)
2020-04-03
1,986(+11%) 181(+6.5%)
2020-04-04
2,092(+5.3%) 191(+5.5%)
2020-04-05
2,273(+8.7%) 198(+3.7%)
2020-04-06
2,491(+9.6%) 209(+5.6%)
2020-04-07
2,738(+9.9%) 221(+5.7%)
2020-04-08
2,956(+8%) 240(+8.6%)
2020-04-09
3,293(+11%) 280(+17%)
2020-04-10
3,512(+6.7%) 306(+9.3%)
2020-04-11
3,842(+9.4%) 327(+6.9%)
2020-04-12
4,241(+10%) 373(+14%)
2020-04-13
4,557(+7.5%) 399(+7%)
2020-04-14
4,839(+6.2%) 459(+15%)
2020-04-15
5,136(+6.1%) 469(+2.2%)
2020-04-16
5,516(+7.4%) 496(+5.8%)
2020-04-17
5,923(+7.4%) 520(+4.8%)
2020-04-18
6,248(+5.5%) 535(+2.9%)
2020-04-19
6,575(+5.2%) 582(+8.8%)
2020-04-20
6,760(+2.8%) 590(+1.4%)
2020-04-21
7,135(+5.5%) 616(+4.4%)
2020-04-22
7,418(+4%) 635(+3.1%)
2020-04-23
7,775(+4.8%) 647(+1.9%)
2020-04-24
8,211(+5.6%) 689(+6.5%)
2020-04-25
8,607(+4.8%) 720(+4.5%)
2020-04-26
8,882(+3.2%) 743(+3.2%)
2020-04-27
9,096(+2.4%) 765(+3%)
2020-04-28
9,511(+4.6%) 773(+1%)
2020-04-29
9,771(+2.7%) 784(+1.4%)
2020-04-30
10,118(+3.6%) 792(+1%)
2020-05-01
10,551(+4.3%) 800(+1%)
2020-05-02
10,843(+2.8%) 831(+3.9%)
2020-05-03
11,192(+3.2%) 845(+1.7%)
2020-05-04
11,587(+3.5%) 864(+2.2%)
2020-05-05
12,071(+4.2%) 872(+0.93%)
2020-05-06
12,438(+3%) 895(+2.6%)
2020-05-07
12,776(+2.7%) 930(+3.9%)
2020-05-08
13,112(+2.6%) 943(+1.4%)
2020-05-09
13,645(+4.1%) 959(+1.7%)
2020-05-10
14,032(+2.8%) 973(+1.5%)
2020-05-11
14,265(+1.7%) 991(+1.8%)
2020-05-12
14,749(+3.4%) 1,007(+1.6%)
2020-05-13
15,438(+4.7%) 1,028(+2.1%)
2020-05-14
16,006(+3.7%) 1,043(+1.5%)
2020-05-15
16,496(+3.1%) 1,076(+3.2%)
2020-05-16
17,025(+3.2%) 1,089(+1.2%)
2020-05-17
17,514(+2.9%) 1,148(+5.4%)
2020-05-18
18,010(+2.8%) 1,191(+3.7%)
2020-05-19
18,496(+2.7%) 1,221(+2.5%)
2020-05-20
19,189(+3.7%) 1,242(+1.7%)
2020-05-21
20,162(+5.1%) 1,278(+2.9%)
2020-05-22
20,796(+3.1%) 1,326(+3.8%)
2020-05-23
21,745(+4.6%) 1,351(+1.9%)
2020-05-24
22,271(+2.4%) 1,372(+1.6%)
2020-05-25
22,750(+2.2%) 1,391(+1.4%)
2020-05-26
23,165(+1.8%) 1,418(+1.9%)
2020-05-27
23,851(+3%) 1,473(+3.9%)
2020-05-28
24,538(+2.9%) 1,496(+1.6%)
2020-05-29
25,216(+2.8%) 1,520(+1.6%)
2020-05-30
25,773(+2.2%) 1,573(+3.5%)
2020-05-31
26,473(+2.7%) 1,613(+2.5%)
2020-06-01
26,940(+1.8%) 1,641(+1.7%)
2020-06-02
27,549(+2.3%) 1,663(+1.3%)
2020-06-03
28,233(+2.5%) 1,698(+2.1%)
2020-06-04
28,818(+2.1%) 1,721(+1.4%)
2020-06-05
29,521(+2.4%) 1,770(+2.8%)
2020-06-06
30,514(+3.4%) 1,801(+1.8%)
2020-06-07
31,186(+2.2%) 1,851(+2.8%)
2020-06-08
32,033(+2.7%) 1,883(+1.7%)
2020-06-09
33,075(+3.3%) 1,923(+2.1%)
2020-06-10
34,316(+3.8%) 1,959(+1.9%)
2020-06-11
35,295(+2.9%) 2,000(+2.1%)
2020-06-12
36,406(+3.1%) 2,048(+2.4%)
2020-06-13
37,420(+2.8%) 2,091(+2.1%)
2020-06-14
38,277(+2.3%) 2,134(+2.1%)
2020-06-15
39,294(+2.7%) 2,198(+3%)
2020-06-16
40,400(+2.8%) 2,231(+1.5%)
2020-06-17
41,431(+2.6%) 2,276(+2%)
2020-06-18
42,762(+3.2%) 2,339(+2.8%)
2020-06-19
43,803(+2.4%) 2,373(+1.5%)
2020-06-20
45,029(+2.8%) 2,429(+2.4%)
2020-06-21
45,891(+1.9%) 2,465(+1.5%)
2020-06-22
46,845(+2.1%) 2,500(+1.4%)
2020-06-23
47,896(+2.2%) 2,535(+1.4%)
2020-06-24
49,009(+2.3%) 2,573(+1.5%)
2020-06-25
50,187(+2.4%) 2,620(+1.8%)
2020-06-26
51,427(+2.5%) 2,683(+2.4%)
2020-06-27
52,812(+2.7%) 2,720(+1.4%)
2020-06-28
54,010(+2.3%) 2,754(+1.2%)
2020-06-29
55,092(+2%) 2,805(+1.9%)
2020-06-30
56,385(+2.3%) 2,876(+2.5%)
2020-07-01
57,770(+2.5%) 2,934(+2%)
2020-07-02
59,394(+2.8%) 2,987(+1.8%)
2020-07-03
60,695(+2.2%) 3,036(+1.6%)
2020-07-04
62,142(+2.4%) 3,089(+1.7%)
2020-07-05
63,749(+2.6%) 3,171(+2.7%)
2020-07-06
64,958(+1.9%) 3,241(+2.2%)
2020-07-07
66,226(+2%) 3,309(+2.1%)
2020-07-08
68,079(+2.8%) 3,359(+1.5%)
2020-07-09
70,736(+3.9%) 3,417(+1.7%)
2020-07-10
72,347(+2.3%) 3,469(+1.5%)
2020-07-11
74,018(+2.3%) 3,535(+1.9%)
2020-07-12
75,699(+2.3%) 3,606(+2%)
2020-07-13
76,981(+1.7%) 3,656(+1.4%)
2020-07-14
78,572(+2.1%) 3,710(+1.5%)
2020-07-15
80,094(+1.9%) 3,797(+2.3%)
2020-07-16
81,668(+2%) 3,873(+2%)
2020-07-17
83,130(+1.8%) 3,957(+2.2%)
2020-07-18
84,882(+2.1%) 4,016(+1.5%)
2020-07-19
86,521(+1.9%) 4,143(+3.2%)
2020-07-20
88,214(+2%) 4,239(+2.3%)
2020-07-21
89,869(+1.9%) 4,320(+1.9%)
2020-07-22
91,751(+2.1%) 4,459(+3.2%)
2020-07-23
93,657(+2.1%) 4,576(+2.6%)
2020-07-24
95,418(+1.9%) 4,665(+1.9%)
2020-07-25
97,286(+2%) 4,714(+1.1%)
2020-07-26
98,778(+1.5%) 4,781(+1.4%)
2020-07-27
100,303(+1.5%) 4,838(+1.2%)
2020-07-28
102,051(+1.7%) 4,901(+1.3%)
2020-07-29
104,432(+2.3%) 4,975(+1.5%)
2020-07-30
106,336(+1.8%) 5,058(+1.7%)
2020-07-31
108,376(+1.9%) 5,131(+1.4%)
2020-08-01
109,936(+1.4%) 5,193(+1.2%)
2020-08-02
111,455(+1.4%) 5,236(+0.83%)
2020-08-03
113,134(+1.5%) 5,302(+1.3%)
2020-08-04
115,056(+1.7%) 5,388(+1.6%)
2020-08-05
116,871(+1.6%) 5,452(+1.2%)
2020-08-06
118,753(+1.6%) 5,521(+1.3%)
2020-08-07
121,226(+2.1%) 5,593(+1.3%)
2020-08-08
123,503(+1.9%) 5,658(+1.2%)
2020-08-09
125,396(+1.5%) 5,723(+1.1%)
2020-08-10
127,083(+1.3%) 5,765(+0.73%)
2020-08-11
128,776(+1.3%) 5,824(+1%)
2020-08-12
130,718(+1.5%) 5,903(+1.4%)
2020-08-13
132,816(+1.6%) 5,968(+1.1%)
2020-08-14
135,123(+1.7%) 6,021(+0.89%)
2020-08-15
137,468(+1.7%) 6,071(+0.83%)
2020-08-16
139,549(+1.5%) 6,150(+1.3%)
2020-08-17
141,370(+1.3%) 6,207(+0.93%)
2020-08-18
143,043(+1.2%) 6,277(+1.1%)
2020-08-19
144,945(+1.3%) 6,346(+1.1%)
Source: COVID-19 Disease Response Acceleration Task Force
Note: Based on confirmed cases reported as of 12 pm WIB (UTC+7) on the same day.


  Total confirmed cases      Active cases      Total deaths      Total recoveries






At first, the government only published the numbers of actual people being tested. Since 15 April, the government changed the method of its counting, now also publishing the actual numbers of tested specimens, which is used on this chart. On 11 June, the government published the numbers of actual people being tested the next morning due to delay in reporting from several labs. Tested specimens reported on Mondays and day after public holidays are normally lower as most testing labs are closed on the day before.


Background

On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan, Hubei, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[11][12]

The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003,[13][14] but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[15][13]

Timeline

Number of cases (blue) and number of deaths (red) on a logarithmic scale.

From January until February 2020, Indonesia reported zero cases of COVID-19, despite being surrounded by infected countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, and Australia. Flights from countries with high infection rate, including South Korea and Thailand, also continued to operate. Health experts and researchers at Harvard University in the United States expressed their concerns, saying that Indonesia is ill-prepared for an outbreak and there could be undetected COVID-19 cases.[16]

On 2 March 2020, Indonesian president Joko Widodo announced the first cases in the country: a dance instructor and her mother in Depok, West Java.[17] Both of them had held a dance class at a restaurant in Kemang, South Jakarta on 14 February, which was attended by more than a dozen people. One of whom was a Japanese, who was later tested positive for the COVID-19 in Malaysia.[18] As Malaysia reported the case, the government of Indonesia began to trace anyone who have had close contact with the Japanese and the infected Indonesians.[19][20]

The cluster was initially identified as the "Jakarta cluster"[21] or the "dance class cluster",[22][23] owing to the location of the infection. Since then, confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia began to increase slowly. By 8 March, a total of 6 people who had attended the dance class were infected by the COVID-19, including one case of repatriated Indonesian from the Diamond Princess.[24] Several COVID-19 cases in West Java and Jakarta were found to have a link with the cluster.[25]

The positive cases first confirmed in March are not the first Indonesians to have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In January, an Indonesian maid in Singapore contracted the virus from her employer.[26]

The first confirmed death of COVID-19 in the country occurred on 11 March when a 53-year-old British citizen in Bali died.[27] However, a Telkom employee who died on 3 March was found positive on 14 March.[28][29]

An 11-year-old girl who died in Pamekasan, Madura Island, East Java on 20 March had been confirmed as the youngest COVID-19 fatality in the country.[30] On 11 April, an 11-month-old infant died at Bahteramas Regional General Hospital, Kendari while still under Patient Under Supervision (PDP) status.[31]

A newborn baby who died in Manado, North Sulawesi on 19 May was declared as the youngest COVID-19 patient in Indonesia.[32] On 30 May, a centenarian from Surabaya had recovered, making her the oldest person to recover from COVID-19 in the country.[33]

Classifications

Cases

Since 14 July 2020, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia classifies people involved with COVID-19 into four levels:[34]

  • A suspect is a person showing symptoms of respiratory infections, and has stayed within 14 days in any country or any region in Indonesia with local transmission and/or has established contact within 14 days with a confirmed or probable case and/or requires treatment at the hospital and has no possible diagnosis of other diseases.
  • A probable case is a person, alive or deceased, who shows or showed obvious signs of COVID-19 symptoms and awaiting results of his or her swab test.
  • A confirmed case is a person whose sample produced positive results based on swab or molecular rapid test. A confirmed case may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Due to lower accuracy and higher chance of false positives, a positive rapid or antibody test is not counted into the official number of cases.
  • A close contact is a person who established contact with a probable or confirmed case between 2 days before and 14 days after symptoms show up, or the date of testing for asymptomatic cases. He or she must be quarantined for 14 days. Reclassification into suspect may be done should he or she show symptoms.

Other classifications include:

  • A recovered case is recorded after a confirmed case is discharged from isolation. For an asymptomatic case, it is 10 days after a sample testing; for a symptomatic case, it is after a swab test or 10 days after onset of symptoms, and at least 3 days after no fever or respiratory difficulties.
  • Deaths are a combination of both the number of deceased probable and confirmed cases.

Location

According to the Ministry of Domestic Affairs, a regency or municipality may be classified into three levels depending on the severity of COVID-19 cases within the region, according to these parameters:[35]

  • The number of positive cases within 14 days
  • The number of suspected cases within 14 days
  • The number of deaths buried according to COVID-19 protocol within 14 days
  • Threat of disease contagions to healthcare workers

Each has a score of 15 points for increasing trends, 20 for stationary trends, and 25 for decreasing trends.

The three levels will be assigned to a specific region:

  • Red Zone if the total score reaches below 80 points. Large-scale social restrictions may be enforced.
  • Yellow Zone if the total score reaches 80 to 95 points.
  • Green Zone if the total score reaches 100 points (all 4 parameters show a decreasing trend).

Cases

Cases by province

Jakarta became the first province that confirmed COVID-19 cases, while Gorontalo was the last to do so. On 6 July, Jambi became the last province to report a death, 53 days after the penultimate province East Nusa Tenggara did. West Java set a record for most cases in a single day by a province with 962 cases, beating the previous record held by East Java with 552 cases; this was later overtaken by Jakarta with 686 cases.

Although four out of five most affected provinces are located on Java, the epicenter of the pandemic can be found across the archipelago since all regions, except the Moluccas, have at least one province in the top ten worst-hit provinces. East Nusa Tenggara and Bangka Belitung Islands have the least number of cumulative and active cases respectively.

Chart

Active cases by province as of 19 August 2020

  Jakarta (22.31%)
  East Java (11.86%)
  West Java (9.44%)
  Central Java (8.92%)
  North Sumatra (7.02%)
  South Sulawesi (6.86%)
  South Kalimantan (5.79%)
  Papua (3.48%)
  South Sumatra (2.68%)
  North Sulawesi (2.59%)
  Other provinces (19.05%)

Confirmed cases by province as of 19 August 2020

  Jakarta (21.40%)
  East Java (19.93%)
  Central Java (8.23%)
  South Sulawesi (7.74%)
  West Java (6.06%)
  South Kalimantan (5.08%)
  North Sumatra (4.07%)
  Bali (2.91%)
  South Sumatra (2.73%)
  Papua (2.38%)
  Other provinces (19.47%)

Recoveries by province as of 19 August 2020

  East Java (22.38%)
  Jakarta (21.36%)
  South Sulawesi (8.24%)
  Central Java (7.65%)
  West Java (4.84%)
  South Kalimantan (4.79%)
  Bali (3.75%)
  North Sumatra (2.87%)
  South Sumatra (2.72%)
  North Sulawesi (2.18%)
  Other provinces (19.22%)

Deaths by province as of 19 August 2020

  East Java (32.68%)
  Jakarta (16.26%)
  Central Java (12.75%)
  South Sulawesi (5.47%)
  South Kalimantan (5.14%)
  North Sumatra (4.08%)
  West Java (3.81%)
  South Sumatra (3.36%)
  North Sulawesi (2.33%)
  West Nusa Tenggara (2.13%)
  Other provinces (11.99%)

Table

COVID-19 cases in Indonesia[lower-alpha 1]
ProvinceIndex case(s) Confirmed Recovered Deaths Active[lower-alpha 2] Cases per
million
population[lower-alpha 3]
Recovery
rate
Fatality
rate
Official website
DateLocation
Aceh 26 March Banda Aceh 1,069 191 28 850 198 17.87% 2.62% covid19.acehprov.go.id
Bali 10 March Denpasar 4,158 3,648 51 459 942 87.73% 1.23% infocorona.baliprov.go.id
Bangka Belitung Islands 30 March Belitung 216 198 2 16 147 91.67% 0.93% covid19.babelprov.go.id
Banten 8 March Serang 2,364 1,624 101 639 183 68.7% 4.27% infocorona.bantenprov.go.id
Bengkulu 31 March Bengkulu 280 158 24 98 140 56.43% 8.57% covid19.bengkuluprov.go.id
Central Java 9 March Surakarta 11,793 7,422 801 3,570 339 62.94% 6.79% corona.jatengprov.go.id
Central Kalimantan 20 March Palangka Raya 2,258 1,710 102 446 841 75.73% 4.52% corona.kalteng.go.id
Central Sulawesi 26 March Palu 228 197 7 24 74 86.4% 3.07% dinkes.sultengprov.go.id/category/covid-19
East Java 17 March Surabaya 28,551 21,632 2,055 4,864 715 75.77% 7.2% infocovid19.jatimprov.go.id
East Kalimantan 18 March Samarinda 2,578 1,644 94 840 703 63.77% 3.65% covid19.kaltimprov.go.id
East Nusa Tenggara 9 April[lower-alpha 4] Kupang 165 138 1 26 30 83.64% 0.61% covid19.nttprov.go.id
Gorontalo Bone Bolango 1,821 1,362 47 412 1,535 74.79% 2.58% covid-19.gorontaloprov.go.id
Jakarta[lower-alpha 5] 2 March Kemang 30,465 20,505 1,014 8,946 2,880 67.31% 3.33% corona.jakarta.go.id
Jambi 23 March Jambi 245 122 4 119 68 49.8% 1.63% corona.jambiprov.go.id
Lampung 18 March Bandar Lampung 343 278 14 51 40 81.05% 4.08% covid19.lampungprov.go.id
Maluku 22 March Ambon 1,530 974 30 526 856 63.66% 1.96% corona.malukuprov.go.id
North Kalimantan 28 March Tanjung Selor
and Tarakan
329 294 2 33 464 89.36% 0.61% humas.kaltaraprov.go.id
North Maluku 23 March Ternate 1,746 1,035 59 652 1,394 59.28% 3.38% corona.malutprov.go.id
North Sulawesi 14 March Manado 3,315 2,117 148 1,050 1,319 63.86% 4.46% corona.sulutprov.go.id
North Sumatra 18 March Medan 5,820 2,740 256 2,824 393 47.08% 4.4% covid19.sumutprov.go.id
Papua 22 March Merauke 3,432 2,021 36 1,375 1,011 58.89% 1.05% covid19.papua.go.id
Riau 18 March Pekanbaru 1,039 640 16 383 149 61.6% 1.54% corona.riau.go.id
Riau Islands 17 March Tanjung Pinang 664 382 27 255 288 57.53% 4.07% corona.kepriprov.go.id
South Kalimantan 22 March Banjarmasin 7,281 4,590 325 2,366 1,706 63.04% 4.46% corona.kalselprov.go.id
South Sulawesi 19 March Makassar 11,187 8,063 346 2,778 1,259 72.07% 3.09% covid19.sulselprov.go.id
South Sumatra 24 March Palembang 3,919 2,641 207 1,071 456 67.39% 5.28% corona.sumselprov.go.id
Southeast Sulawesi 19 March Kendari 1,217 849 18 350 450 69.76% 1.48% dinkes.sultraprov.go.id
Special Region of Yogyakarta 13 March Yogyakarta 1,059 695 29 335 270 65.63% 2.74% corona.jogjaprov.go.id
West Java 2 March Depok 8,685 4,729 238 3,718 175 54.45% 2.74% pikobar.jabarprov.go.id
West Kalimantan 10 March Pontianak 452 409 4 39 89 90.49% 0.88% covid19.kalbarprov.go.id
West Nusa Tenggara 24 March Mataram 2,481 1,678 134 669 475 67.63% 5.4% corona.ntbprov.go.id
West Papua 27 March Sorong 620 485 7 128 629 78.23% 1.13% dinkes.papuabaratprov.go.id
West Sulawesi 29 March Mamuju 320 217 7 96 232 67.81% 2.19% dinkes.sulbarprov.go.id
West Sumatra 26 March Bukittinggi 1,413 918 43 452 255 64.97% 3.04% corona.sumbarprov.go.id
Total 144,945 98,657 6,346 39,942 538 68.07% 4.38% covid19.go.id

Data as of 19 August 2020[1][2]

  1. This data is from the official website of central government and the number of cases are based on treatment location. Local governments may provide different data based on the location of original infection or patients' registered residence and may be released at different times.
  2. Active cases include hospitalized and self-isolation cases. The numbers are simply calculated by subtracting the deaths and recoveries from the total confirmed cases.
  3. The population data is from Statistics Indonesia's projection in 2020.
  4. Both reported their first case on 9 April: East Nusa Tenggara in the afternoon and Gorontalo at night (although the central government announced it on 10 April). Therefore, Gorontalo was the last province to report a case chronologically.
  5. Including repatriated cases.

Graphs

  Java      Other regions   


  Sumatra      Lesser Sunda Islands      Kalimantan      Sulawesi      Moluccas      Western New Guinea   


  Sumatra      Java      Lesser Sunda Islands      Kalimantan      Sulawesi      Moluccas      Western New Guinea   

Detailed case

The detail of each cases were informed by the government only in March as the number of cases are increasing drastically.

Case Date Age Sex Nationality Treatment facility Source of infection Detection location Status Note Source
1 2 March 2020 31 Female  Indonesia Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta Person-to-person spread from a Japanese national Depok Tested negative for COVID-19 on 13 March.[36] Young woman living in Depok, West Java. Came into contact with a Japanese national (who later tested positive in Malaysia) in late-February. Confirmed household transmission or person-to person spread. [37]
2 64 Tested negative for COVID-19 on 16 March.[38] Mother of case #1
3 6 March 2020 33 Undisclosed Jakarta Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March.[39] Close contact with case #1. Confirmed person-to person spread. [40][41]
4 31 Close contact with case #1. Confirmed person-to person spread.
5 8 March 2020 55 Male [42]
6 39 Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta Unknown method on Diamond Princess ship Sebaru Island, Jakarta Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March,[43] discharged for self-quarantine.[44] Previously worked at Diamond Princess
7 9 March 2020 59 Female Undisclosed Unknown method on foreign country Undisclosed Have travel history to other country [45][46]
8 56 Male Person-to-person spread The spouse of patient #7
9 55 Female Unknown method on foreign country Have travel history to other country
10 29 Male Undisclosed Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[47] Person-to-person spread Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March.[39] Foreigner, close contact with case #1.
11 54 Female Foreigner, close contact with case #1.
12 31 Male  Indonesia Undisclosed Close contact with case #1
13 16 Female Close contact with case #3
14 50 Male Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta Unknown method on foreign country Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March,[43] discharged for self-quarantine.[44] Have travel history to other country
15 43 Female Undisclosed Have travel history to other country
16 17 Person-to-person spread Close contact with patient #15
17 56 Male Unknown method on foreign country Have travel history to other country
18 55
19 49 Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta Tested negative for COVID-19 on 12 March,[48] discharged for self-quarantine.[44] Have travel history to other country[49]
20 10 March 2020 70 Female  Indonesia Undisclosed Unknown method spread at Jakarta metropolitan area[47] Undisclosed Close contact with case #1[49] [50][51]
21 47 Close contact with case #1[49]
22 36 Unknown method on foreign country
23 73 Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[47]
24 46 Male Undisclosed
25 53 Female  United Kingdom[52] Sanglah Central General Hospital, Denpasar[52] Bali Died on 11 March 2020 at 02:45 local time due to complication.[53] First person to die after contracting COVID-19 within Indonesian territory.
26 46 Male Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Foreigner
27 33  Indonesia Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[47] First possible community transmission[54] Close contact with case #20.[47]
28 11 March 2020 37 Male Undisclosed Undisclosed Unknown method on foreign country Undisclosed [55]
29 51
30 84
31 48 Female
32 45 Male
33 29
34 42
35 13 March 2020 57 Female  Indonesia Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[56] Undisclosed South Tangerang, Banten[57] Died on 13 March 2020. [58][59]
36 37 Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta Jakarta Died on 13 March 2020. First Indonesian medical worker to die[60][61]
37 43 Male Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed
38 80 Female
39 54 Male
40 46 Female
41 40 Male
42 66
43 34
44 57
45 29 Female
46 30 Male
47 61
48 35
49 3 dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital, Yogyakarta Undisclosed Yogyakarta Tested negative for COVID-19 on 20 March, discharged for self-quarantine[62]
50 59 dr. Muwardi Regional General Hospital, Solo Undisclosed Solo, Central Java Died on 12 March 2020; later tested positive for COVID-19 on 13 March 2020.[63] First Indonesian citizen to die after contracting COVID-19 within Indonesian territory.
51 60 Male Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed
52 59 Female
53 24 Close contact with case #22.[49]
54 2 Male
55 26 Female
56 58 Male
57 27 Female
58 51 Male
59 63
60 25 Female
61 58
62 51 Male
63 34
64 49 Female
65 48 Male
66 73
67 25 Female
68 38
69 80
70–75 14 March 2020 Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed [64][65]
76 63 Male  Indonesia Gatot Soebroto Army Central Hospital, Jakarta Jakarta Tested negative for COVID-19 on 15 April.[66] Budi Karya Sumadi, Indonesian Minister of Transportation.
77–96 Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed Undisclosed
97–117 15 March 2020 19 in Jakarta and 2 in Central Java [67]
118–134 16 March 2020 14 in Jakarta, 1 in Banten, 1 in Central Java, 1 in West Java [68]
135–172 17 March 2020 1 in Central Java, 6 in East Java, 1 in Riau Islands, 30 Unknown [69][70][71]
173–227 18 March 2020 30 in Jakarta, 12 in West Java, 4 in Banten, 2 in Central Java, 1 in North Sumatra, 1 in Lampung, 1 in Riau, 1 in East Kalimantan, 1 in Yogyakarta, 2 Unknown [72]
228–309 19 March 2020 50 in Jakarta, 18 in Banten, 4 in West Java, 3 in Central Java, 3 in South East Sulawesi, 2 in Yogyakarta, 2 in South Sulawesi (#285 & #286),[73] 2 in East Kalimantan, 2 in Riau Islands, 1 in East Java, 1 in North Sumatra, 1 in Riau [74]
310–369 20 March 2020 15 in West Java, 10 in Banten, 7 in East Kalimantan, 6 in East Java, 5 in Jakarta, 3 in Bali, 2 in Central Kalimantan, 2 in Riau Islands, 13 Unknown [75]
370–450 21 March 2020 44 in Jakarta, 14 in West Java, 11 in East Java, 4 in Banten, 2 in Central Java, 1 in Yogyakarta, 5 Unknown [76]
451–514 22 March 2020 39 in Jakarta, 15 in East Java, 4 in Banten, 4 in West Java, 2 in Papua, 1 in Central Java, 1 in Maluku [77]
515–579 23 March 2020 46 in Jakarta, 9 in Banten, 3 in Bali, 2 in East Kalimantan, 1 in Jambi, 1 in North Maluku, 1 in Riau Islands, 2 Unknown [78]
580–686 24 March 2020 71 in Jakarta, 10 in East Java, 9 in Banten, 5 in North Sumatra, 4 in Central Java, 2 in South Sulawesi, 1 in West Java, 1 in Papua, 1 in Yogyakarta, 1 in West Nusa Tenggara, 1 in South Sumatra, 1 in Central Kalimantan, 1 in West Kalimantan, 1 in South Kalimantan [79]
687–790 25 March 2020 39 in Jakarta, 19 in Central Java, 13 in West Java, 11 in Yogyakarta, 9 in South Sulawesi, 3 in Bali, 2 in Banten, 1 in Riau, 1 in West Nusa Tenggara, 7 Unknown [80]
791–893 26 March 2020 53 in Jakarta, 14 in South Sulawesi, 8 in East Java, 5 in West Java, 4 in Papua, 3 in West Sumatra, 2 in Central Java, 2 in Central Kalimantan, 2 in Lampung, 1 in Aceh, 1 in Central Sulawesi, 1 in Riau, 7 Unknown [81]
894–1,046 27 March 2020 83 in Jakarta, 20 in West Java, 17 in Banten, 7 in East Java, 6 in Yogyakarta, 3 in Aceh, 2 in Central Java, 2 in West Sumatra, 2 in South Sulawesi, 2 in West Papua, 1 in Lampung, 7 Unknown [82]
1,047–1,155 28 March 2020 38 in Jakarta, 21 in West Java, 12 in Central Java, 11 in East Java, 10 in Banten, 6 in East Kalimantan, 4 in South Sulawesi, 2 in North Kalimantan, 1 in Central Kalimantan, 1 in Central Sulawesi, 1 in South Sumatra, 2 Unknown [83]
1,156–1,285 29 March 2020 48 in Jakarta, 30 in West Java, 15 in South Sulawesi, 13 in East Java, 8 in Central Java, 5 in West Kalimantan, 3 in Banten, 2 in Papua, 1 in Bali, 1 in Riau, 1 in West Sulawesi, 3 Unknown [84]
1,286–1,414 30 March 2020 25 in West Java, 24 in Jakarta, 22 in Banten, 17 in Central Java, 9 in Bali, 5 in North Sumatra, 4 in Lampung, 4 in South Kalimantan, 4 in South Sulawesi, 3 in West Sumatra, 1 in Bangka Belitung, 1 in East Java, 1 in Jambi, 1 in West Kalimantan, 1 in Riau, 1 in Riau Islands, 1 in Yogyakarta, 5 Unknown [85]
1,415–1,528 31 March 2020 41 in Jakarta, 16 in West Java, 14 in Banten, 13 in Central Java, 6 in North Sumatra, 5 in Yogyakarta, 3 in East Kalimantan, 3 in South Sumatra, 2 in Central Kalimantan, 2 in South Kalimantan, 2 in East Java, 2 in East Nusa Tenggara, 1 in Bangka Belitung, 1 in Bengkulu, 1 Unknown [86]

Suspected cases

Several travellers who had visited or transited through Bali later tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 shortly after their return to China,[87] Japan,[88] New Zealand,[89] and Singapore.[90]

An additional 50 to 70 people were put under surveillance after coming into contact with the first two confirmed COVID-19 patients. This number includes those who had visited Mitra Keluarga Hospital in Depok, the hospital the two confirmed patients were previously admitted to before being transferred to North Jakarta.[91][92]

A 37-year-old man who died in a hospital in Semarang suspected of having COVID-19 reportedly tested negative, and was instead afflicted by swine flu, probably picked up from recent travels to Spain.[93]

In West Sumatra, two people who returned from abroad died at Padang's Dr. M. Djamil Central General Hospital. On 13 March, a woman who was being treated as a suspect of COVID-19 after returning from Umrah died.[94] On 16 March, a 47-year-old man from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia landed at Minangkabau International Airport, showing symptoms of COVID-19.[95][96][97] He was subsequently hospitalized at Padang's hospital and died on the same day.[98]

Responses

Central government

Treatment Facilities List[99]

Indonesia banned all flights from and to Mainland China starting from 5 February. The government also stopped giving free visa and visa on arrival for Chinese nationals. Those who live or have stayed in Mainland China in the previous 14 days have been barred from entering or transiting through Indonesia. Indonesians are discouraged from travelling to China.[100]

Starting on 8 March, travel restrictions expanded to include Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do in South Korea, Lombardy, Veneto and Emilia-Romagna regions of Italy, and Tehran and Qom in Iran. Visitors with travel history within these countries but outside the aforementioned regions have to provide a valid health certificate during check in for all transportation into Indonesia.[101] Despite the restriction on travellers from South Korea, Indonesia is still allowing flights from the country.[102]

The Ministry of Health ordered the installation of thermal scanners for at least 135 airport gates and port docks,[103][104] and announced that provisioning over 100 hospitals with isolation rooms (to WHO-recommended standards) would begin.[105] Starting on 4 March, Jakarta MRT also began scanning the temperature of passengers entering the stations and denying access to those with symptoms of high fever.[106] Other public places such as mall and school also began to scan people at all their entrances.

After the first victim died, the Indonesian government admitted that they have difficulties in detect incoming imported cases on airports, doing contact tracing and also location history for each case.[107]

The Indonesian government plans to turn a site on Galang Island, previously used as a refugee camp for Vietnamese asylum seekers into a 1,000-bed medical facility specially equipped to handle the coronavirus outbreak and other infectious diseases.[108]

On 13 March, the government designated 132 treatment facilities across Indonesia.[99] On 18 March, 227 additional hospitals (109 military hospitals, 53 police Hospitals and 65 state-owned enterprises hospitals) are provisioned to cover more patients across the country.[109] The government also established the COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force.[110] Doni Monardo has been appointed to lead this team.[111] On the same day, Minister of Home Affairs Tito Karnavian urged all of Indonesian regional leaders to suspend all non-essential travel to foreign country.[112]

On 15 March, President Widodo has called on all Indonesians to practice what epidemiologists call social distancing to slow the spread of COVID-19 in the country.[113] Indonesian tax authorities announced that they will move back the tax reporting deadline to 30 April 2020.[114]

On 16 March, the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises instructed its employees ages 50 and above to work from home.[115] President Joko Widodo also clarified that the decision to implement lockdown on cities or regencies are only to be made after consultation with the central government.[116]

As schools were closing in some regions, Minister of Education Nadiem Makarim announced readiness of the Ministry of Education to assist schools in online learning by providing free teaching platforms.[117] Minister of Finance Sri Mulyani also announced a shifting of infrastructure budget of 1 trillion IDR into healthcare and pandemic prevention.[118]

Former Asian Games athletes village turned into COVID-19 hospital

On 17 March, COVID-19 health protocols have been released to public.[119][120] Ministry of Foreign Affairs also expanded the travel restriction to temporary abolish visa free entry to Indonesia for one month and deny transit or arrival for visitors who have been in Iran, Italy, Vatican City, Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland, and United Kingdom within the past 14 days.[121]

On 18 March, the government launched covid19.go.id site, an official source of accurate information on controlling the spread of coronavirus in Indonesia.[122][123] On the same day, The Ministry of Finance also announced that Kemayoran Athletes Village, a former athlete's housing for the 2018 Asian Games will be converted to house COVID-19 patients who show only mild symptoms after consultation from doctors.[124][125][126] The conversion was officially completed on 23 March.[127]

On 19 March, Bank of Indonesia decided to slash the bank rate to 4.5%, in addition to 6 other fiscal policies, in the attempt to shore up the economy amidst the COVID-19 crisis.[128] On the same day, the chief of the Indonesian National Police Idham Azis published a notice for all policeman to enforce social distancing by dispersing assemblies at public places.[129]

On 27 March, the government is mulling over a plan to ban this year's Idul Fitri mudik (exodus) to prevent city dwellers from spreading the coronavirus to towns and villages across the archipelago.[130]

On 30 March, President Widodo refuses to impose lockdown on Jakarta. Bus routes connecting Jakarta and other cities and provinces will remain open following the cancellation of a plan to temporarily suspend operations of Greater Jakarta-based intercity and interprovincial (AKAP) buses.[131][132]

On 31 March, Indonesia announces Rp 405 trillion COVID-19 budget, anticipates a 5% deficit in a historic move. The government will allocate Rp 75 trillion for healthcare spending, Rp 110 trillion for social protection, and Rp 70.1 trillion for tax incentives and credit for enterprises. The biggest chunk, Rp 150 trillion, will be set aside for economic recovery programs including credit restructuring and financing for small and medium businesses.[133]

On 13 April, President Joko Widodo declared COVID-19 as a national disaster after it infected 4,557 individuals and caused 399 deaths in Indonesia. Prof. Mahfud MD as Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs (Indonesia) said its national disaster cannot be based for force majeure.[134]

On 21 April, President Joko Widodo announced his decision to ban the Idul Fitri mudik (exodus) starting from 24 April to curb the spread of COVID-19 ahead of Ramadan.[135] To help with this effort, travel by intercity bus travel is banned until 31 May, commercial and charter flights until 1 June, sea transportation until 8 June, and long-distance passenger trains until 15 June.[136][137]

In late April, President Widodo asked the United States for medical equipments, including ventilators via phone call to President Donald Trump. To which President Trump, on April 24, responded he will provide and also reiterated the intent to strengthen economic cooperation between the two.[138][139]

Stimulus policy

To reduce the impact of COVID-19 pandemic to the national economy, the government releases an IDR 10.3 trillion stimulus policy to the tourism sector, in the form of ticket price discounts and restaurant tax deductions. The IDR 10.3 trillion budget is given to provide discounted ticket prices for 10 tourist destinations, such as Batam, Denpasar, Yogyakarta, Labuan Bajo, Lombok, Malang, Manado, Lake Toba (Silangit Airport), Tanjung Pandan, and Tanjungpinang, which applies from March to May 2020. Ticket prices for low-cost airlines are discounted by 50%, medium-service by 48%, and full-service by 45%.[140] Specifically for this ticket price discount, the stimulus fund comes from the IDR 444.39 billion-state budget (APBN) for a discounted value of 30% and 25% of passengers per flight.[141] Additionally, there are additional ticket discounts paid by Angkasa Pura I and Angkasa Pura II in the amount of Rp100 billion and PT Pertamina (Persero) in the amount of Rp260 billion through avtur price discounts, so the total ticket price stimulus is IDR 960 billion so that the ticket price can be discounted by 50%.[142]

The stimulus in the form of restaurant taxes borne by the central government was also provided with a value of Rp3.3 trillion. Thus, there is no restaurant tax in the ten tourist destinations above, but as compensation, the local government will get a grant from the central government.[141]

Regional government

Area of emergency

  • Jakarta: 20 March – 19 April[143][144]
  • Depok: 18 March – 29 May[143]
  • Yogyakarta: 20 March – 29 May[143]
  • Bogor: 15 March – 29 May[143]
  • East Java: 14 March – 29 May[143]
  • Banten: 15 March – 29 May[143]
  • East Kalimantan: 18 March – 29 May[143]
  • West Kalimantan: 10 March – 29 May[143]
  • West Java: 19 March – 29 May[143]
  • Papua: 17 March – 17 April[145]
  • Aceh: 20 March – 29 May[146]
  • North Sumatra: 31 March – 29 May[147]
  • South Kalimantan: 22 March – 29 May[148]

Large-scale social restrictions

Example of do's and don'ts during the PSBB period issued by Indonesia's General Elections Commission in South Tangerang.

Specific regions can apply for a request for large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) to the Ministry of Health alongside proof of endemic and mitigation steps.[149] Should it be approved, a date will be set by the local government and will run for at least two weeks.

Under the current restrictions, all public transportation options must operate with reduced hours and capacity. Non-essential businesses and stores are required to be closed. Restaurants and food stalls are open for takeaway and delivery only; markets and essential business can may open with social distancing. Depending on the area, private transportation requires a limitation of passengers and a mask obligation will also be in effect.[150][151][152][153]

List of PSBB areas
No Region Province Approval Date Duration Region-specific restrictions
1 Jakarta DKI Jakarta 10 April 2020 10 April–22 May[154] A maximum of two people of the same household may ride on a motorcycle. Motorcycle taxi for passengers prohibited. Assembly of maximum 5 people. Public transportation run from 06:00 to 18:00.
2 Bogor City West Java 11 April 2020 15 April–12 May[155][156] Only one person may ride on a motorcycle. Motorcycle taxi for passengers prohibited. Assembly of maximum 5 people. Public transportation run from 06:00 to 18:00. Commuter line travel allowed only with letter of assignment from companies operating essential services.[157]
3 Bogor Regency
4 Depok
5 Bekasi City
6 Bekasi Regency
7 South Tangerang Banten 12 April 2020 18 April–17 May[158][159]
8 Tangerang City
9 Tangerang Regency
10 Pekanbaru Riau 17 April–14 May[160][161] Curfew from 20:00 to 05:00.
11 Makassar South Sulawesi 16 April 2020 24 April–21 May[162][163]
12 Bandung City West Java 17 April 2020 22 April–5 May[164] Motorcycle taxi for passengers prohibited.
13 Bandung Regency
14 West Bandung Regency
15 Cimahi
16 Sumedang Regency
17 All regions in the province West Sumatra
18 Tegal Central Java 23 April–22 May[165][166]
19 Banjarmasin South Kalimantan 19 April 2020[167] 24 April-21 May[168][169]
20 Tarakan North Kalimantan 26 April-30 May[170][171] No passenger transportation for all ships docking at Tarakan. Curfew from 20:00-06:00.
21 Surabaya East Java 21 April 2020[172] 28 April–25 May [173][174]
22 Sidoarjo
23 Gresik
24 All regions in the province West Java 1 May 2020[175] 6 May–19 May[176]
25 Palangka Raya Central Kalimantan 11 May–25 May[177]
Rejected application for PSBB
No Region Province Date of Rejection
1 Palangkaraya[178] Central Kalimantan 12 April 2020
2 Rote Ndao Regency[179] East Nusa Tenggara
3 Mimika Regency[179] Papua
4 Fakfak[179] West Papua
5 Sorong[179]
6 Fakfak Regency[180] 16 April 2020
7 Bolaang Mongondow Regency[180] North Sulawesi

Aceh

On 12 March, acting Aceh governor Nova Iriansyah advised Acehnese to stay away from vices and activities that are incompatible with religious and Islamic sharia values.[181]

On 15 March, due to the rapid rise of the number of coronavirus infections in the country, the province of Aceh decided to close schools until further notice.[182]

On 16 March, the city of Sabang started to implement travel restrictions to forbid foreign visitors from traveling to their city.[183]

On 20 March, Nova Iriansyah declared a "province-scale" state of emergency in Aceh for 71 days, lasting until 29 May.[146]

Banten

On 15 March, Governor of Banten Wahidin Halim declares "extraordinary event" and decides to close all schools for 2 weeks.[184]

Central Java

On 13 March, the city of Solo in Central Java decided to close all primary schools (SD) and junior high school's (SMP) for next 2 weeks, after three positive cases are found in the city.[185] The mayor of Solo F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo has also declared that the area is under "extraordinary event".[186] On the same day, the Regency of Sragen decided to close all schools from kindergarten to junior high school throughout the regency for at least a week, while closure of senior high school in the regency would be decided by the provincial government.[187]

On 14 March, Central Java governor Ganjar Pranowo decided to close all kindergarten to junior high schools in the province. High schools would remain open during the examination season.[188] The city of Salatiga followed the same decision on 15 March. The city government would also provide a total of Rp. 3 billion for medical support.[189]

On 25 March, the governor announced that schools under control of the provincial government will postpone their opening until 13 April.[190]

On 26 March, the city of Solo,[191] Semarang,[192] Salatiga,[193] and Sukoharjo Regency[192] announced that kindergarten, primary, and junior high school's opening will be postponed until 13 April.

On 27 March, despite statements from President Jokowi that lockdowns are the authority of the central government, mayor of Tegal Dedy Yon Supriyono announced that Tegal would be on lockdown. He ordered that 49 road access to the city to be barricaded with movable concrete barriers, and visitors from outside will be thoroughly checked and have to undergo a 14-day quarantine period.[194] On the other hand, the Governor of Central Java Ganjar Pranowo insisted that the blockade will only happen at some part of the city of Tegal, not on the whole city.[195]

DKI Jakarta

Location of reported COVID-19 cases in Jakarta as of 2 April 2020 [196]

On 2 March, in response to the confirmed cases, DKI Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan halted the issuance of permits for large gatherings.[197] These including concerts by Foals, Babymetal, Head in the Clouds, and Dream Theater.[198][199]

On 13 March, after 69 positive COVID-19 cases, several tourist destinations in Jakarta including Ancol Dreamland, multiple government-managed museums, Ragunan Zoo and Monas were closed for 2 weeks.[200][201][202] The Islamic organization Muhammadiyah formed a "command centre" allocating 20 hospitals in the country to handle the outbreak, with the centre being led by emergency medicine specialist Corona Rintawan.[203]

On 14 March, Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan decided to suspend all school activities and examinations for two weeks in response to prevent further spread of the virus in the capital city of Jakarta.[204]

On 15 March, Jakarta provincial government prepared 500 to 1,000 beds for patient under investigation (PUI) that will be placed on designated COVID-19 treatment facilities.[205]

On 16 March, MRT Jakarta, LRT and Transjakarta started to reduce number of trips, corridors and timetables (06.00 – 18.00), however, this policy was retracted due to long queue in many bus stops and train stations in morning.[206][207][208] Odd-even policy will be halted during outbreak.[209]

On 20 March, Anies Baswedan declared a state of emergency in Jakarta for the next 14 days, lasting until 2 April.[210]

On 28 March, Jakarta provincial government extends the state of emergency until 19 April.[144]

On 2 April, Anies Baswedan Allocates Rp3tn to Fight Coronavirus Outbreak, and the budget will be used to fund the city's fight against the virus up until May this year, by gradually allocating Rp1.3 trillion and an additional Rp2 trillion[211]

Jakarta's application for curfew was approved by the Ministry of Health on 7 April and is set to take effect from Friday, 10 April for at least two weeks.[212]

On 21 April, Jakarta Govt Prepares 136 Schools as Isolation Area for COVID-19 and the policy is currently still a proposal waiting for approval from the Education Office.[213]

East Java

Location of confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases in East Java (4 May 2020).

On 15 March, the city of Malang announced that they will close all schools for two weeks. The closure will begin on 16 March.[214]

On the same day, the Governor of East Java Khofifah Indar Parawansa ordered the closure of all schools throughout the province. Educational institutions were advised to cancel any kind of student exchange until an indefinite time. However national examination in the province would not be postponed.[215]

On 16 March, the mayor of Malang Sutiaji decided to close all access to the city (lockdown), starting on 18 March. As of 16 March, there is no positive COVID-19 in Malang or the province of East Java.[216] He would later clarify that the lockdown only applies to the government of Malang, not the general populace.[217]

On 20 March, Khofifah declared a state of emergency for East Java.[218]

North Sumatra

On 31 March, the provincial government of North Sumatra declared a state of emergency until 29 May 2020.[219]

Papua

On 24 March, the provincial government of Papua decided to close any in and out access to Papua except for logistics and medical workers starting from 26 March for 14 days.[220] Indonesian Minister of Home Affairs Tito Karnavian disagreed with the decision, saying that the central government's advice to the regional governments is not to close transportation, but to ban mass gatherings.[221]

South Sumatra

On 30 March, Jakabaring Athletes Village, a former athlete's housing for the 2018 Asian Games in Palembang, was appointed by the Governor of South Sumatera Herman Deru to be the house of PUM's treatment (ODP Center). He named it as "COVID-19 Healthy House" (Rumah Sehat COVID-19).[222]

West Java

On 14 March, the city of Depok and Bogor decided to close all schools from kindergarten to senior high school until 28 March 2020.[223][224] This decision was also followed by the city of Bandung, in which the city opted to close schools for the next two weeks and advised schools to hold online teachings.[225]

On 15 March, West Java COVID-19 distribution map has been released to public.[226] The Regency of Bogor implement "semi-lockdown" on tourist area Puncak for foreign visitors, to prevent them from entering the area.[227] Jalak Harupat, Pakansari and Patriot Chandrabragha stadiums are being prepared for COVID-19 Mass Rapid Test.[228]

Applications for large-scale social distancing for Depok city, Bogor city & regency, and Bekasi city & regency, all of which belong to the Jakarta metropolitan area, were approved on 11 April and will be in effect on 15 April for at least two weeks.[229]

West Kalimantan

On 15 March, the governor decided to impose quarantine for all students from kindergarten to senior high school level in the province until a date which is yet to be decided. During the quarantine period, students must stay at their homes for studying. An exception is given for final year senior/vocational high school students on their respective national final examinations date.[230]

Others

Universities

In response of the outbreak, multiple universities opted to cancel classes and instead would teach students online.

On 16 March, at least 17 universities across Indonesia confirmed that conventional face-to-face lectures would be cancelled and would be replaced by online classes. Graduations and gatherings were cancelled and students and lecturers who had gone abroad from countries with confirmed coronavirus cases with any reasons should self-isolate at home. As of 14 March, numerous universities have closed their classes, such as Universitas Indonesia (UI),[231] Universitas Gajah Mada (UGM), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Universitas Gunadharma, Universitas Multimedia Nusantara (UMN), Sekolah Tinggi Akuntansi Negara (STAN), Kalbis Institut, Binus University, Universitas Atmajaya, London School Public Relations (LSPR), Universitas Yarsi, Universitas Pelita Harapan (UPH), Telkom University, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta (UAJY),[232] Universitas Hasanuddin (UNHAS),[233] Universitas Tarumanegara (UNTAR), Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB),[234] and Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia (UAI).[235][236]University of Brawijaya, a university in Malang, creates a disinfection chamber as an effort to contain the coronavirus.[237]

Corporations

Mandatory temperature checks warning in healthcare centres. (March 2020)

On 14 March, Tokopedia and Gojek have begun trial for work at home operations.[238][239]

On 15 March, Unilever Indonesia announced work-from-home policy for their office site, this policy will be started on 16 March until further notice.[240]

On 16 March, Telkomsel, Bank Mandiri, Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre and Bank Indonesia announced work-from-home and split-team policy, these policies will be started on 17 March until further notice.[241][242][243]

On 28 March, Indonesia Air Asia (QZ) suspend all domestic and international flights to overcome spread of pandemic. All domestic flights suspended between 1 April and 21 April 2020 while international flights between 1 April and 17 May 2020.[244] AirAsia to resume operations in Indonesia on 7 May.[245]

Mayapada Group founder, Dato Sri Tahir donated Rp. 52b in form of Personal protective equipment, medical drugs, disinfectant, operational vehicles and also accommodation.[246]

On 31 March, Grab donated US$10 Mio to reduce COVID-19 impact in Indonesia.[247]

Societal organizations

On 16 March, Indonesian Council of Ulama (MUI) and Muhammadiyah urge to substitute Friday prayer with Zuhr prayer and not to attend any religious activities within heavily virus-plagued areas.[248][249]

On 31 March, Muhammadiyah advises Muslims to not perform tarawih in Ramadan and Idul Fitri prayers.[250]

Travel restrictions

Indonesia has denied transit and entry for all foreign visitors since 2 April.[251][252]

Indonesians who returned from China, South Korea, Italy, Iran, United Kingdom, Vatican City, France, Spain, Germany, and Switzerland were subject to additional health screening and a 14-day stay-at-home notice or quarantine depending on appearing symptoms.[253]

Garuda Indonesia, Citilink, Lion Air, Batik Air, and Sriwijaya Air cancelled several flights and grounded their aircraft. Meanwhile Indonesia AirAsia cancelled all flights. International airlines have either temporarily suspended services or continue operating with reduced frequency. Other airlines such as China Airlines and Etihad Airways choose to continue their services as usual.[254][255]

From 24 April until 8 June, the government suspends all passenger to travel outside areas with at least one confirmed case, regions that had imposed large-scale social restrictions (PSBB), and those that had been declared COVID-19 red zones. The ban applies to all types of public and private transportation by air, sea, land, and railway, except for vehicles carrying leaders of state institutions, police and military vehicles, ambulances, fire trucks, hearses and vehicles transporting logistical supplies, staple goods and medicines.[137]

Criticism

Failure to detect the virus

Health experts are concerned that the country is failing to identify the transmission of the virus.[256] Marc Lipsitch, professor of epidemiology at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, "analysed air traffic out of the Chinese city at the centre of the outbreak in China and suggested in a report ... that Indonesia might have missed cases" of coronavirus disease 2019.[257][258][259] Western diplomats[260][261][262] as well as local[256][263] and international[264][265][266] news outlets postulated that the lack of cases within Indonesia result from inadequate testing and under reporting, as opposed to sheer luck and divine intervention.[267][268]

On 22 March, a research suggested that the official number of infections may only reflect 2% of the real COVID-19 infections in Indonesia.[269][270] According to The Jakarta Post on 5 April 2020, the central government has only conducted a daily average of 240 PCR tests since 2 March.[271]

Budget for foreign social media influencers

The government faced backlash after instead pledging to set aside IDR 72 billion ($5m) to pay for social media influencers to attract tourists to Indonesia.[272]

Lack of transparency

Indonesian president Joko Widodo is also criticized by Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry,[273] human rights groups,[274] and also by political party such as Golkar and PKS[275][276] for lack of transparency regarding the information of the COVID-19. Widodo have insisted not to share the travel history details of the patients that tested positive with coronavirus in an attempt to reduce panic and uneasiness in the general public.[277] The public had asked the government to release official national map of COVID-19 confirmed cases' location, as unofficial independent maps may provide incorrect data.[278]

Tests and treatment

Reports have surfaced about patients in Greater Jakarta having to wait for a long time to get tests or treatment for possible cases of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as referral hospitals face the increasing strain.[279]

Lockdown policies

Joko Widodo has come under increased pressure to impose a partial lockdown on virus-plagued areas, with scientists saying the country is racing against time to curb the spread of COVID-19 before Eid al-Fitr and that a community quarantine could be the only solution to do exactly that.[280] On 16 March, Jokowi said lockdown policies are the authority of the central government, and warned the local government to not impose lockdown without the consent of the central authority.[281]

On 27 March, dozens of Indonesian medical professors have called for "local lockdowns", saying that the government's policy of physical distancing is not "effective". The government is drafting a regulation (PP) to stipulate the procedures and requirements for imposing regional quarantines.[282][283]

Censorship

Some critics of the government have been arrested for allegedly spreading false information about the coronavirus pandemic.[284]

Additional death rates excluded from official counts

According to a report from Reuters, as of 28 April 2020, there were around 2,200 patients who had died with coronavirus symptoms, but not included into the official death toll of 693. This suggests that Indonesia has a higher death rate than the official counts.[285] An analysis by Financial Times showed that there were 1,400 more deaths in Jakarta compared to the historical average number of deaths in March and April. This excess deaths figure is 15 times the official figure of 90 COVID-19 deaths in this same period.[286]

Evasion of travel restrictions

"Ramadan exodus" contributed to the spread of the virus in Indonesia,[287] despite government regulations on social distancing and despite a lockdown slated to run until June.[288]

Also, despite the travel restrictions which suspends all passengers to travel outside areas with at least one confirmed case, many Indonesians disregarded it and have attempted to evade the travel restrictions in order to return to hometown during Eid al-Fitr season. This has caused scientists to raise concern that this evasion will lead to the diseases which can spread easily from Jakarta and nearby satellite cities, where it is the epicenter of the pandemic, to other regions of Indonesia with weak medical facilities which are unable to handle large numbers of outbreak.[289]

There are also few attempts on evading the travel restrictions which had been discovered by the police department, such as one of the cargo trucks was stopped only to found out the intermodal container is hiding a car with passengers inside to be transported from Java to Sumatra, and additional four cargo trucks were also detained when the driver attempting to bring 20 passengers from Jakarta inside the containers which were covered with tarpaulin.[289]

Lack of safety in tobacco industries

Despite the temporary closure of the HM Sampoerna due to two workers died from coronavirus, with additional 63 workers were test positive, Pandu Riono, the epidemiologist from University of Indonesia reported that other cigarette factories in East and West Java continue to operate without practicing social distancing and workers never wear face mask. This sparks concern that the cigarette factories could create new cluster for the coronavirus outbreak considering that this industry usually has large workforce.[289]

Impact

Jakartans rush to panic-buy supplies, including toilet rolls, food, masks, and hand sanitizers.

Socioeconomic

Surgical face masks in Indonesia have soared in price by over six times the original retail value from around IDR 30,000 to IDR 185,000 (some sources said it exceeds IDR 300,000) per box in some outlets after the announcement of two citizens test positive for the new coronavirus.[290] Panic buying had been reported since mid-February before the first cases were confirmed.[291] President of Indonesia Joko Widodo has warned against hoarding of face masks and hand sanitizers[292] and Indonesian National Police has started to crack down on suspected hoarders.[293]

Census

Indonesia is preparing to extend the online time for self-enumeration, and cancel all field data collection. They will rely on administrative data and have requested additional UNFPA technical support for using administrative data for census.[294]

Economic

Following the worldwide trend of stock price drops, the IDX Composite weakened even before the first confirmation of the disease in Indonesia.[295] In response to expected economic slowdown in Indonesia due to loss of Chinese economic activity, Bank Indonesia cut its interest rates by 25 basis points to 4.75% on 20 February.[296]

On 12 March, as WHO declares pandemic, IDX Composite tumbled 4.2 percent to 4,937 when Thursday's session was opened, a level unseen in almost four years.[297]

On 13 March, equity trading halted for first time since 2008 over pandemic.[298]

On 17 March, Rupiah weakens to IDR 15,000 per dollar, touching a level unseen since October 2018.[299][300]

JKSE Composite Index 14 days after case#1 (2 March 2020)

On 19 March, IDX Composite halted because of the sharp downturn of more than 5 percent. This is the fourth trading halt that IDX Composite experienced during the coronavirus crisis. Indonesia Financial Service Authority or OJK have mandated a suspension of trading if IDX Composite fell down more than 15 percent.[301]

Numbers of shopping malls started to voluntarily close due to declining foot traffic; only pharmacies, groceries and ATM still operate with limited hours.[302]

Indonesian Finance Minister predicted that Indonesian economic growth Q2 can drop to 0.3 percent or even minus 2.6 percent, but in Q3 can recover to 1.5 to 2.8 percent.[303]

Indonesia's economic growth in the first quarter of 2020 stood at 2.97 percent, but it is the weakest economic growth recorded since 2001.[304]

Sports, tourism, and leisure

A quiet beach in Padang due to government calls of implementing social distancing.

Indonesian tourism has been severely affected. In March, overall tourist numbers has fallen by 64%, and Chinese tourists by 97%.[305] Bali, where tourism accounts for 60% of GRP, has saw its foreign tourist arrivals fallen by 93.2% in April.[306] Hotels are taking on a meager occupancy rate, with some hotels experiencing 5% and even 0% occupancy rate due to overspecialization on Chinese visitors, increasing travel restrictions from source countries, and an overall fear of the virus.[307] There is, however, an increase in interest for domestic tourism,[308] and Chinese tourists already on the island have generally opted to extend their stay.[309] All beaches in Bali are temporarily closed for public.[310]

The 2020 edition of the National Sports Week (PON) in Papua, which was initially slated for October, will be postponed.[311] Jakarta ePrix race of the 2019–20 Formula E season will also be postponed due to coronavirus concerns.[312] The city's Capital Investment and One-Stop Service (PM-PTSP) announced it plans to postpone any public events with mass-gatherings from March to April following the news of increasing number of COVID-19 cases to 27.[313]

Numerous music events such has by Rich Brian, Hammersonic, Dream Theater, Babymetal, Slipknot, ONE OK ROCK, and electronic dance music festival "We Are Connected" has been suspended in the country because of the coronavirus concerns.[314][315][316][317][318]

Several local films, such as KKN di Desa Penari, Tersanjung The Movie, and Generasi 90-an: Melankolia, has been delayed, also because of the novel coronavirus pandemic.[319][320][321]

Indonesia International Motor Show 2020 will be postponed due to the coronavirus crisis.[322]

Indonesian Wikipedia gathering (along with other Indonesian languages edition, such as Javanese Wikipedia, Sundanese Wikipedia, Minangkabau Wikipedia, etc.) called "WikiNusantara" (similar to Wikimania but on national scale) scheduled at the end of March in Padang is cancelled.[323]

Notable people

Confirmed cases

Notable individuals confirmed positive for COVID-19
No Name Announcement date Status Status date Note
1 Budi Karya Sumadi 14 March 2020[324] Recovered[325] 15 April 2020 Minister of Transportation
2 Andrea Dian 18 March 2020[326] Recovered[327] 5 April 2020 Actress
3 Bima Arya Sugiarto 19 March 2020[328] Recovered[329] 11 April 2020 Mayor of Bogor
4 Detri Warmanto 20 March 2020[330] Recovered[331] 26 March 2020 Actor
5 Yana Mulyana 23 March 2020[332] Recovered[333] 27 March 2020 Vice Mayor of Bandung
6 Cellica Nurrachadiana 24 March 2020[334] Recovered[335] 13 April 2020 Regent of Karawang
7 Zulfikri 24 March 2020[336] Recovered[337] 28 April 2020 Director General of Railroad Affairs, Ministry of Transportation
8 Lely Pelitasari 24 March 2020[338] Recovered[339] 8 April 2020 Vice Chair of Ombudsman of Indonesia
9 Ninik Rahayu 24 March 2020[338] Recovered[339] 8 April 2020 Member of the Ombudsman of Indonesia
10 Idrus Andi Paturusi 25 March 2020[340][341] Recovered[342] 2 April 2020 Former rector of Hasanuddin University
11 Wander Luiz 27 March 2020[343] Recovered[344] 15 April 2020 Football player for Persib Bandung
12 Elisa Bunga Allo 29 March 2020[345] Recovered[346] 7 April 2020 Member of the Central Sulawesi Regional People's Representative Council
13 Tung Desem Waringin 30 March 2020[347] Recovered[348] 10 April 2020 Business motivator
14 Hera Nugrahayu 1 April 2020[349] Recovered[350] 24 May 2020 Regional Secretary of Palangka Raya
15 Andi Darussalam Tabusalla 7 April 2020[351] Recovered[352] 21 April 2020 Former Indonesia national football team manager
16 Reni Indayani 12 April 2020[353] Recovered[354] 11 May 2020 Wife of Vice Mayor of Prabumulih
17 Twindy Rarasati 15 April 2020[355] Recovered[356] 2 May 2020 Actress
18 Victor Datuan Batara 16 April 2020[357] Recovered[358] 29 April 2020 Vice Regent of Tana Toraja
19 Fairid Naparin 28 April 2020[359] Recovered[360] 20 May 2020 Mayor of Palangka Raya
20 Ali Ibrahim 28 May 2020[361] Recovered[362] 25 June 2020 Mayor of Tidore
21 Panji 2 June 2020[363] Recovered[364] 20 June 2020 Regent of Melawi
22 Tri Maharani 11 June 2020[365] Recovered[365] 18 June 2020 Toxinologist specializing in snake venoms and Head of Indonesian Toxinology Society
23 Hadi Mulyadi 15 July 2020[366] Recovered[367] 26 July 2020 Vice Governor of East Kalimantan
24 Sholehien Abuasir 15 July 2020[368] Recovered[369] 29 July 2020 Vice Regent of South Ogan Komering Ulu
25 Nasruddin Abdul Muttalib 20 July 2020[370] Recovered[371] 9 August 2020 Vice Regent of Barru
26 Junaedi 21 July 2020[372] Recovered[373] 4 August 2020 Regent of Pemalang
27 Ahmadi Riansyah 21 July 2020[374] Treated Vice Regent of West Kotawaringin
28 Achmad Purnomo 24 July 2020[375] Recovered[376] 27 July 2020 Vice Mayor of Surakarta
29 Ilyas Panji Alam 27 July 2020[377] Recovered[378] 6 August 2020 Regent of Ogan Ilir
30 Isdianto 29 July 2020[379] Recovered[380] 12 August 2020 Governor of Riau Islands
31 Akhyar Nasution 4 August 2020[381] Treated Acting Mayor of Medan
32 La Bakry 6 August 2020[382] Treated Regent of Buton
33 Dulmusrid 11 August 2020[383] Treated Regent of Aceh Singkil
34 Bambang Kurniawan 15 August 2020[384] Treated Former regent of Tanggamus

Deaths

Notable individuals who died from COVID-19
No Date of death Announcement date Place of death Name Status Notes
1 24 March 2020 24 March 2020 Unknown Amir Sambodo[385] COVID-19 (suspected) Minister of Industry special staff member
2 27 March 2020 27 March 2020 Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital, Bandung, West Java Gatot Tjahjono[386] COVID-19 (+) Member of the West Java Regional People's Representative Council
3 27 March 2020 27 March 2020 Kariadi Central General Hospital, Semarang, Central Java Imam Suroso[387] COVID-19 (+) Member of the People's Representative Council
4 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Central General Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi Aptripel Tumimomor[388] COVID-19 (+) Regent of North Morowali
5 6 April 2020 6 April 2020 Pertamina Central Hospital, South Jakarta, Jakarta Naek L. Tobing[389] COVID-19 (+) Sexologist, psychiatrist
6 25 March 2020 10 April 2020 Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital, Medan, North Sumatra Syamsul Bahri Batubara[390] COVID-19 (+) Member of North Sumatra Regional People's Representative Council
7 17 April 2020 17 April 2020 Pelni Hospital, West Jakarta, Jakarta Lukman Niode[391] COVID-19 (+) Swimmer at the 1984 Summer Olympics
8 28 April 2020 28 April 2020 Raja Ahmad Tabib Regional General Hospital, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands Syahrul[392] COVID-19 (+) Mayor of Tanjungpinang
9 11 May 2020 11 May 2020 Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta, Jakarta Stan Isakh[393] Patient Under Supervision Musician
10 31 May 2020 1 June 2020 dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Regional General Hospital, Ternate, North Maluku Sulamah[361] COVID-19 (+) Wife of Mayor of Tidore
11 12 July 2020 12 July 2020 dr. R. Soetrasno Regional General Hospital, Rembang, Jawa Tengah Majid Kamil Maimoen Zubair[394] COVID-19 (+) Speaker of the Rembang Regional People's Representative Council
12 17 July 2020 17 July 2020 Gatot Subroto Central Army Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta Tubagus Rismunandar[395] COVID-19 (+) Secretary-general of the Judicial Commission of Indonesia
13 1 August 2020 1 August 2020 Gatot Subroto Central Army Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta Imam Zusdi Ghozali[396] COVID-19 (+) Speaker of the Jepara Regional People's Representative Council
14 10 August 2020 10 August 2020 Ulin Regional General Hospital, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan Nadjmi Adhani[397] COVID-19 (+) Mayor of Banjarbaru
15 16 August 2020 16 August 2020 dr. H. Abdoel Moeloek Regional General Hospital, Bandar Lampung, Lampung Edward Antony[398] COVID-19 (+) Vice Regent of Way Kanan

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