Timeline of Dresden

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Dresden, Saxony, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 18th century

Dresden, 16th century

• 1206 CE – first documentation of Dresden.
• 1215 – Nikolaikirche founded.
• 1272 – Franziskanerkloster founded.
• 1309 – City seal incorporates coat of arms of Dresden.
• 1350 – first documentation of Altendresden (today Innere Neustadt) at the northern side of the Elbe.
• 1351 – Sophienkirche built.
• 1388 – Kreuzkirche consecrated.
• 1400 – Busmannkapelle built.
• 1409 – Armory established.
• 1434 – Striezelmarkt occurring.
• 1524 - Printing press in operation.[1]
• 1530 – City expands.
• 1548 – Orchestra founded.
• 1563 – Dresdner Zeughaus built.[2]
• 1589 – Johanneum built.[2]
• 1666 – Premiere of Schütz's St Matthew Passion.[3]
• 1667 – Opera house opens.[3]
• 1678 - "Elector of Saxony's Players" dramatic troupe^(de) headquartered in Dresden (approximate date).[4]
• 1695 – Parade of Frederick Augustus I.[5][6]
• 1697 – Population: 40,000 (approximate).[7]
• 1700 – Von Tschirnhaus glassworks set up.[8]

18th century

Dresden by Bernardo Bellotto, 1748

• 1704 - Palais Flemming-Sulkowski built.
• 1708 – Porcelain developed by Johann Friedrich Böttger.[8]
• 1710 – Meissen porcelain manufactory begins operating near city.[9]
• 1717 – Japanisches Palais built.[2]
• 1718 – Royal Palace rebuilt.[2]
• 1719 – Wedding reception of Polish Prince Frederick Augustus and Maria Josepha of Austria.
• 1720 – Catholic Cemetery opens by decree of King Augustus II the Strong.[10]
• 1722
  • Zwinger built.[2][9]
  • Picture Gallery founded.[2]
• 1723
  • Grünes Gewölbe founded.
  • Pillnitz Castle built.
• 1724 – Royal Cabinet of Mathematical and Physical Instruments established.
• 1729 – Wackerbarth-Palais built.
• 1736 – Equestrian sculpture of Polish King August the Strong unveiled.
• 1743 – Frauenkirche built.[7]
• 1745 - City "taken by the Russians."[11]
• 1748 – Collegium Medico Chirurgicum established.
• 1755 – Population: 63,000 (approximate).[7]
• 1756 – Katholische Hofkirche built.[7]
• 1759 - September: "Dresden liberated from Prussians."[12]
• 1760 – July: Siege of Dresden.[12][13]
• 1763 – Death and burial of King Augustus III of Poland.
• 1764 – Dresden Art Academy founded.
• 1776 – Landhaus built.
• 1784 – Observatory established.
• 1788 – Saxon Library opens.

19th century

The Semperoper opera house opened in its current form in 1878

• 1807 – Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw promulgated.
• 1809 – Austrians in power.[13]
• 1813 – 26–27 August: Battle of Dresden.[11][14]
• 1814 – Großer Garten opens to the public.
• 1818 – Ernst Arnold gallery established.[15]
• 1823 – Jordan & Timaeus chocolate manufactury established.[8]
• 1828 – Saxon Technical School founded.
• 1833 – Isis Society (natural history) founded.[16]
• 1838 - Dresden Coinage Convention held in city.[17]
• 1839 – Leipzig–Dresden railway begins operating.
• 1843 - Jam factory begins operating.[18]
• 1845 – Flood.
• 1841 – Opera house built.
• 1845 - 19 October: Premiere of Wagner's opera Tannhäuser.[19]
• 1849 – May Uprising in Dresden.[14]
• 1852
  • Marien Brucke (bridge) constructed.[20]
  • Population: 100,000.
• 1854 – Semper Gallery[2] and Schloss Albrechtsberg built.
• 1855 – September: Royal Gallery opens.[21]
• 1856 – Dresden Conservatory established.[19]
• 1858 - Population: 128,152.[22]
• 1861 – Dresden Zoo opens.[23]
• 1866 – Prussians in power.[13]
• 1870 – Gewerbehausorchester founded.[24]
• 1871 – Military facility built in Albertstadt.
• 1874 - Dresden English Football Club confirmed
• 1875 – Dresden Museum of Ethnology founded.
• 1876 – Fürstenzug created.
• 1878 – Opera house rebuilt.
• 1889
  • Albertinum built.[2]
  • Dresden Botanical Garden created.
• 1891 – Dresden City Museum founded.
• 1893 – Blue Wonder bridge constructed.
• 1895 – Dresden Funicular Railway begins operating.
• 1897 – Dresden Central Station built.
• 1898
  • Ernemann-Werke camera factory in operation.
  • Dresdner SC football club formed.

20th century

1900-1945

Dresden approximately in 1900

• 1901
  • Dresden-Neustadt station opens.
  • Schwebebahn Dresden begins operating.
• 1903
  • German City Exhibit held.[25]
  • Simmel delivers The Metropolis and Mental Life lecture.[26]
• 1904 – Ministry building constructed.
• 1905 - 9 December: Premiere of Strauss' opera Salome.
• 1910
  • Städtische Zentralbibliothek, Dresden (city library) formed.[27]
  • Augustus Bridge constructed.
• 1911
  • Dresden Museums Association formed.
  • Premiere of Strauss' opera Der Rosenkavalier.[28]
• 1912 – Ihagee camera company and German Hygiene Museum founded.
• 1914 – Saxon army museum established.
• 1919
  • Stadion am Ostragehege des Dresdner SC opens.
  • Population: 529,326.[29]
• 1923 – Glücksgas Stadium built.
• 1933 – Population: 649,252.
• 1935 – Dresden-Klotzsche Airport opens.
• 1939 – Population: 625,174.[13]
• 1940 – Hans Nieland becomes mayor.
• 1945
  • 13–14 February: Aerial bombing by Allied forces.[30]
  • 22–27 April: Battle of Dresden
  • 8 May: Russians take city.[13]

1946-1990s

• 1946
  • Sächsische Zeitung begins publication.
  • Population: 450,000.
• 1950
  • SG Deutsche Volkspolizei Dresden football club founded.
  • Botanical Garden restored.
  • Hellerau and Pillnitz incorporated into city.
• 1956 – Dresden Transport Museum opens.
• 1959 – Galerie Neue Meister formed.
• 1961 – Dresden University of Technology formed.
• 1972 – Filmtheater Prager Strasse opens.[31]
• 1973 – Dresden S-Bahn established.
• 1983
  • Staatsschauspiel Dresden formed.
  • Population: 522,532.
• 1986 - Pinova apple created.[32]
• 1989
  • protests stop the planned high-purity silicon factory[33]
  • trains with East German embassy refugees from Prague pass Dresden main station with demonstrations and clashes with the police[34]
  • Monday demonstrations
• 1990 - Dresdner Neueste Nachrichten begins publication.
• 1991
  • Bunte Republik Neustadt festival begins.
  • Fußballverein Dresden-Nord formed.
• 1992
  • Soviet forces withdrawn.
  • Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf established.
• 1996 – Dresdner Sinfoniker founded.
• 2000 - Stadtarchiv Dresden (city archives) relocated to Elisabeth-Boer-Strasse.[35]

21st century

Rebuilt of the Frauenkirche in 2004

Dresden in 2010

The Bundeswehr Military History Museum

• 2002
  • Elbe Flood.[36]
  • Volkswagen's Transparent Factory opens.
• 2004
  • Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory established.
  • Dresden Elbe Valley designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• 2005
  • Dresden Frauenkirche rebuilt.
  • Dresden City Art Gallery opens.
  • Neo-Nazi demonstration.
• 2006 – 800th anniversary of founding of Dresden.
• 2007
  • Freiberger Arena opens.
  • Waldschlösschen Bridge construction begins.
• 2008 – Helma Orosz becomes mayor.[37]
• 2009 - Dresden Elbe Valley's UNESCO World Heritage Site status is revoked.
• 2010 – Anti-fascist demonstration.
• 2011
  • Bundeswehr Military History Museum opens.
  • Population: 523,058.[38]
• 2013 - Elbe flood
• 2014 - PEGIDA begin protesting^(de) against Islamism in the city, drawing crowds estimated up to 17,000 in peak[39][40]
• 2015 - Dirk Hilbert becomes mayor.

See also

• History of Dresden
• Economy of Dresden
• List of mayors of Dresden

Other cities in the state of Saxony:

• Timeline of Chemnitz
• Timeline of Leipzig

References

1. Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
2. Kunstsammlungen 1897.
3. Stephen Rose (2005). "Chronology". In Tim Carter and John Butt (ed.). Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79273-8.
4. William Grange (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of German Theater. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6489-4.
5. "Procession through the streets of Dresden held by Friedrich August I (Dresden: 1695)". Treasures in Full: Renaissance Festival Books. British Library. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
6. Tony Sharp (2001). Pleasure and Ambition: The Life, Loves and Wars of Augustus the Strong. I.B.Tauris. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-86064-619-5.
7. Brewster 1830.
8. City of Dresden. "History of the City". Retrieved 26 July 2012.
9. "Central Europe (including Germany), 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
10. http://www.dresdner-stadtteile.de/Zentrum/Friedrichstadt/Strassen_Friedrichstadt/Friedrichstrasse/Innerer_Katholischer_Friedhof/innerer_katholischer_friedhof.html
11. Overall 1870.
12. Franz A.J. Szabo (2013). "Chronology of Major Events". The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756-1763. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-88697-6.
13. Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OCLC 3832886, OL 5812502M
14. Ernest F. Henderson (1937). "Chronological Table: 1658-1914". A Short History of Germany. New York: Macmillan. hdl:2027/uc1.b3851058 – via HathiTrust.
15. W. Pembroke Fetridge (1874), "Dresden", Harper's Hand-Book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
16. Phillips 2003.
17. Glyn Davies; Roy Davies (2002). "Comparative Chronology of Money" – via University of Exeter.
18. Ursula Heinzelmann (2008). "Timeline". Food Culture in Germany. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-34495-4.
19. Claude Egerton Lowe (1896). "Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music". Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. London: Weekes & Co. pp. 87–110.
20. "New Railway and Traffic Bridge at Dresden, Saxony". Gleason's Pictorial. Boston. 14 August 1852.
21. A. J. Dupays (September 1857). "Royal Gallery of Dresden". The Crayon. NY. 4. JSTOR 25527622.
22. Georg Friedrich Kolb (1862). "Deutschland: Sachsen". Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde (in German). Leipzig: A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung.
23. Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoological Gardens of Germany (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
24. Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
25. Andrew Lees; Lynn Hollen Lees (2007). Cities and the Making of Modern Europe, 1750–1914. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-83936-5.
26. Jan Lin; Christopher Mele, eds. (2013). Urban Sociology Reader (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-24414-8.
27. Über uns: Chronik (in German), Städtische Bibliotheken Dresden, retrieved 30 September 2015
28. "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved 30 March 2015
29. "Germany: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
30. Tami Davis Biddle (2005). "Sifting Dresden's Ashes". Wilson Quarterly. 29 (2): 60–80. JSTOR 40260966.
31. "Movie Theaters in Dresden, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
32. Rowan Jacobsen (2014). Apples of Uncommon Character. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-63286-035-4.
33. https://oiger.de/2011/09/25/dresden-1989-siliziumwerk-wird-zur-kraftprobe-zwischen-burger-und-staat/3778
34. de:Flüchtlingszüge aus Prag
35. Stadtarchiv Dresden: Schätze aus acht Jahrhunderten (PDF) (in German), Landeshauptstadt Dresden, 2010
36. "Germany Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
37. "German mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
38. "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.
39. Dearden, Lizzie (23 December 2014). "Germany anti-Islam protests: 17,000 march on Dresden against 'Islamification of the West'". The Independent.
40. Thousands Rally at German Protest Against Refugees, Islam, Associated Press, 12 October 2015

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• John Russell (1828), "Dresden", A Tour in Germany, and Some of the Southern Provinces of the Austrian Empire, in 1820, 1821, 1822, Edinburgh: Constable, OCLC 614379840
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Dresden". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• Mariana Starke (1839), "Dresden", Travels in Europe (9th ed.), Paris: A. and W. Galignani
• William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Dresden, Saxony". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
• "Dresden", Northern Germany (5th ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1873, OCLC 5947482
• Guide to Dresden, its Buildings, Institutions and Environs, Dresden: Herman Burdach, 1880, OCLC 2838150, OL 24467281M
• Guide to the Royal Collections of Dresden, Translated by C.S. Fox, Dresden: Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, 1897, OL 7082856MCS1 maint: others (link)
• Mary Endell (1908), Dresden: History, Stage, Gallery, Dresden: J. Seifert, OCLC 373304, OL 6638502M
• "Dresden", Northern Germany as Far as the Bavarian and Austrian Frontiers (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
• G. E. Collier (1910), Collier's New Practical Guide to Dresden, Dresden: A. Tittmann, OL 13523819M
• Dresden. Grieben's Guide Books. Berlin. 1910.
• Nathaniel Newnham Davis (1911), "Dresden", The Gourmet's Guide to Europe (3rd ed.), London: Grant Richards
• Denise Phillips (2003). "Friends of Nature: Urban Sociability and Regional Natural History in Dresden, 1800–1850". Osiris. 18: 43–59. doi:10.1086/649376. JSTOR 3655284.
• Susanne Vees-Gulani (2008). "The politics of new beginnings: the continued exclusion of the Nazi past in Dresden's cityscape". In Gavriel David Rosenfeld; Paul B. Jaskot (eds.). Beyond Berlin: Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past. USA: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11611-9 – via HathiTrust. (fulltext)

in German

• "Dresden". Topographia Germaniae (in German). Topographia Superioris Saxoniae, Thüringiae, Misniae et Lusatiae. Frankfurt. p. 43+. circa 1650/1690
• "Dresden". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1908. pp. 428–439.
• P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Dresden". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
• Wolfgang Adam; Siegrid Westphal, eds. (2012). "Dresden". Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 417+. ISBN 978-3-11-029555-9.

External links

• Links to fulltext city directories for Dresden via Wikisource
• Europeana. Items related to Dresden, various dates.