1943 in Germany
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See also: | Other events of 1943 History of Germany • Timeline • Years |
Events in the year 1943 in Germany.
Incumbents
Events
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Jewish prisoners being deported from the Kraków Ghetto.
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This photograph, from the Stroop Report, shows captured fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
- 18 January – World War II: Soviet officials announce they have broken the Wehrmacht's siege of Leningrad.
- 18 January – The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins.
- 27 January – World War II: 50 bombers mount the first all American air raid against Germany (Wilhelmshaven is the target).
- 29 January – German police arrest alleged necrophiliac Bruno Ludke.
- 29 January – Dr Ernst Kaltenbrunner succeeds the late Reinhard Heydrich as head of the RSHA SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt controlling the Schutzstaffel Gestapo
- 2 February – World War II: In Russia, the Battle of Stalingrad comes to an end with the surrender of the German 6th Army.
- 3 February – World War II: The Four Chaplains of the U.S. Army are drowned, when their ship (Dorchester) is struck by a German torpedo.
- 14 February – World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass: German General Erwin Rommel and his Afrika Korps launch an offensive against Allied defenses in Tunisia.
- 16 February – World War II: The Soviet Union reconquers Kharkov, but is later driven out in the Third Battle of Kharkov
- 18 February – In a speech at the Berlin Sportpalast, German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels declare a "Total War" against the Allies.
- 18 February – The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.
- 22 February – Members of White Rose are executed in Nazi Germany.
- 28 February – Operation Gunnerside: 6 Norwegians led by Joachim Ronneberg successfully attack the heavy water plant Vemork.
- 1 March – Heinz Guderian becomes the Inspector-General of the Armoured Troops for Nazi Germany's Army.
- 13 March – Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
- 16 March – 19 March – World War II: 22 ships from Convoys HX 229/SC 122 and one U-boat are sunk in the largest North Atlantic U-boat wolfpack attack of the war.
- 22 March – World War II: The entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by the German Dirlewanger Brigade in retaliation for an attack of a German convoy by Soviet partisans.
- 26 March – Adolf Hitler writes to Benito Mussolini that Russia is so weakened by the defence of Stalingrad that it cannot possibly be a serious menace.
- 13 April – World War II: Radio Berlin announces the discovery by Wehrmacht of mass graves of Poles killed by Soviets in the Katyn massacre.
- 6 May – World War II: Six U-boats are sunk after sinking 12 ships from Convoy ONS 5, regarded as the turning point in the North Atlantic U-boat war.
- 13 May – World War II: German Afrika Korps and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allied forces.
- 15 May – The Comintern is dissolved in Moscow.
- 16 May – World War II: Operation Chastise by RAF 617 Sqdn is carried out on German dams.
- 16 May – Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends.
- 24 May – Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes the chief medical officer of Auschwitz.
- 5 July – World War II: Battle of Kursk – The largest tank battle in history begins.
- 12 July – World War II – Battle of Prokhorovka: The Wehrmacht and the Red Army fight to a draw.
- 24 July – World War II: Operation Gomorrah begins: British and Canadian aeroplanes bomb Hamburg by night, those of the Americans by day.
- 27 July – World War II: Operation Gomorrah – The continued British bombing of Hamburg, initiates a firestorm. The fire rages through the night into the morning of the 28th, causing the majority of Operation Gomorrah's deaths.
- 3 August – World War II: Operation Gomorrah closes, with an estimated 42,600 killed and 37,000 wounded; much of Hamburg is leveled.
- 23 August – The Battle of Kursk ends with a serious strategic defeat for the German forces.
- 24 August – World War II: – Heinrich Himmler is named Reichminister of the Interior in Germany.
- 29 August – World War II: Germany dissolves the Danish government after it refuses to deal with a wave of strikes and disturbances to the satisfaction of the German authorities (see Occupation of Denmark).
- 8 September – World War II: Frascati bombing raid September 8, 1943: The USAAF bombs the German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone.
- 12 September – World War II: German paratroopers rescue Benito Mussolini from imprisonment, in Operation Eiche.
- 13 October – World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
- 17 October – World War II: The last commerce raider, auxiliary cruiser Michel, was sunk off Japan by United States submarine Tarpon.[1]
- 22 October – World War II: The RAF delivers a highly destructive airstrike on the German industrial and population center of Kassel.
- 15 November – Porajmos: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies and "part-Gypsies" be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps."
- 18 November – World War II: The Royal Air Force opens its bombing campaign against Berlin, with 440 planes causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF loses 9 aircraft and 53 aviators.
- 23 November – The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed.
- 2 December – A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks an American ship with a mustard gas stockpile, causing numerous fatalities; the exact death toll is unresolved, as the bombing raid itself causes hundreds of deaths as well.
- 11 December – United States Army Air Corps raids a U-boat yard at Emden, losing 20 planes but shooting down 138 German fighters.
- 20 December – First flight of a true four-engined version of the troubled He 177A heavy bomber, as the Heinkel He 177 V102 prototype of the Heinkel He 177B series makes its maiden flight with four separate Daimler-Benz DB 603 engines at the Heinkel-Sud factory airfield in Schwechat.[2]
Births
- 24 January - Peter Struck, German politician (died 2012)
- 25 January -
- Dagmar Berghoff, German journalist and television presenter
- Roy Black, German actor and singer (died 1991)
- 22 February – Horst Köhler, German politician, former President of Germany
- 12 April
- Lothar Kobluhn, German footballplayer
- Michael Otto, German entrepreneur
- 26 June – Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 4 July – Konrad "Conny" Bauer, German trombonist
- 25 July – Erika Steinbach, German politician
- 29 July – Michael Holm, German singer
- 27 August – Wolfgang Nordwig, German pole vaulter
- 16 September – Oskar Lafontaine, German politician
- 30 September – Johann Deisenhofer, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 20 October – Madeleine Schickedanz, German entrepreneur
- 28 October – Cornelia Froboess, German actress
- 23 November – Günther Beckstein, German politician
- 8 December – Bodo Tümmler, German Olympic middle-distance runner
Deaths
- 15 January – George of Saxony, Crown prince of Saxony (born 1893)
- 14 February – David Hilbert, German mathematician (born 1862)
- 22 February – Hans Scholl, German White Rose resistance member (executed by Nazis) (born 1918)
- 22 February – Sophie Scholl, German White Rose resistance member (executed by Nazis) (born 1921)
- 26 February – Theodor Eicke, German Nazi official (born 1892)
- 13 April – Oskar Schlemmer, German painter, sculptor and choreographer (born 1888)
- 31 May – Helmut Kapp, German Gestapo official
- 13 July – Luz Long, German long jump athlete (born 1913)
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gollark: If someone makes some sort of construction called a `nut`, we could make `coconuts`.
References
- Muggenthaler, August Karl (1977). German Raiders of World War II. Prentice-Hall. p. 276. ISBN 0-13-354027-8.
- Griehl, Manfred; Dressel, Joachim (1998). Heinkel He 177 – 277 – 274. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing. pp. 166–67. ISBN 1-85310-364-0.
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