Pre-Marx socialists

While Marxism had a significant impact on socialist thought, pre-Marxist thinkers (before Marx wrote on the subject) have advocated socialism in forms both similar and in stark contrast to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' conception of socialism, advocating some form of collective ownership over large-scale production, worker-management within the workplace, or in some cases a form of planned economy.

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Early socialist philosophers and political theorists:

  1. Gerrard Winstanley, who founded the Diggers movement in the United Kingdom
  2. Charles Fourier, French philosopher who propounded principles very similar to that of Marx
  3. Louis Blanqui, French socialist and writer
  4. Marcus Thrane, Norwegian socialist
  5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Genevan philosopher, writer and composer whose works influenced the French Revolution
  6. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French politician writer

Ricardian socialist economists:

  1. Thomas Hodgskin, English Ricardian socialist and free-market anarchist
  2. Charles Hall
  3. John Francis Bray
  4. John Gray
  5. William Thompson
  6. Percy Ravenstone
  7. James Mill
  8. John Stuart Mill, classical political economist who came to advocate worker-cooperative socialism

Utopian socialist thinkers:

  1. Claude Henri de Saint-Simon
  2. Wilhelm Weitling
  3. Robert Owen
  4. Charles Fourier
  5. Étienne Cabet

See also

References
  • Funk & Wagnalls Encyclopedia
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