National Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

"Himna Kraljevine Jugoslavije"
English: "Anthem of Kingdom of Yugoslavia"
	Former national anthem of Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Lyrics	Jovan Đorđević, Antun Mihanović, and Simon Jenko, [lower-alpha 1] 1918[lower-alpha 2]
Music	Davorin Jenko and Josif Runjanin, [lower-alpha 3] 1918[lower-alpha 4]
Adopted	1919
Relinquished	1941
Succeeded by	"Hey, Slavs"
Audio sample
	"National anthem of Kingdom of Yugoslavia" (instrumental) file; help;

The "National anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia" (Serbo-Croatian: Himna Kraljevine Jugoslavije / Химна Краљевине Југославије, lit. 'Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia') was created in December 1918 from the national anthems of the Kingdom's three historical constituent lands: Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (Croatia), Kingdom of Serbia (Serbia) and Duchy of Carniola (Slovenia).

At the time, the Yugoslav authorities considered the three dominant South Slavic ethnic groups – Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes – as three interchangeable names for one ethnic group (Serbo-Croatian and Slovene: narod "nation" or "people"), while the Pan-Slavic politicians and parts of academia held them as three subgroups of one South Slavic nation (Serbo-Croatian: Jugoslaveni, Slovene: Jugoslovani; "Yugoslavs", lit. "South Slavs"). Accordingly, the official language was thus called Serbo-Croato-Slovene.[lower-alpha 5]

History

Although a law on the national anthem did not exist, the anthems of all three South Slavic nations were unified into a single anthem of the Kingdom. It started with a few measures from the Serbian anthem "Bože pravde", continued with a few lines from the Croatian anthem "Lijepa naša domovino", which were in turn followed by a few lines from the traditional Slovenian anthem "Naprej zastava slave". The anthem finished with some lines from the Serbian anthem again.

It was officially used between 1919 and 1941; there was no official document that declared it invalid or void. The Constitution of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was not in effect after the April capitulation.

Lyrics

Official

Bože pravde, Ti što spase
Od propasti do sad nas,
Čuj i od sad naše glase,
I od sad nam budi spas!

Lijepa naša domovino,
Oj junačka zemljo mila,
Stare slave djedovino,
Da bi vazda sretna bila!

Naprej zastava slave,
Na boj junaška kri!
Za blagor očetnjave
Naj puška govori!

Naprej zastava slave,
Na boj junaška kri!
Za blagor očetnjave
Naj puška govori!

Bože spasi, Bože hrani
Našeg Kralja i naš rod!
Kralja Petra, Bože hrani,
Moli ti se sav naš rod.<ref name="Citanka">Textbook for the 3rd class of primary schools in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, editor: S. Čajkovac PhD, 1934.</ref>

The third line of the last verse was changed to "Kralja Aleksandra, Bože hrani," during the reign of Alexander I of Yugoslavia.

English translation

God of justice, You who saves us
from damnation till this day;
Hear our voices from this day,
And from now be our salvation.

Our beautiful homeland,
Dear country glorious and fearless,
Our fathers' old glory,
May you be blessed forever!

Forward, the flags of glory,
To the fight blood of heroes.
For well being of the Fatherland,
Let the rifles speak.

Forward, the flags of glory,
To the fight blood of heroes.
For well being of the Fatherland,
Let the rifles speak.

God save, God feed,
Our King and our people!
God save King Peter,
Praying to You is all our kind!

The third line of the last verse was changed to "King Aleksandar, God protect" during the reign of Alexander I of Yugoslavia.

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Notes

Đorđević wrote "Bože pravde", Mihanović wrote "Lijepa naša domovino", and Jenko wrote "Naprej zastava slave".
Arranged in 1918, lyrics' dates vary.
Jenko composed "Bože pravde" and "Naprej zastava slave"; Runjanin composed "Lijepa naša domovino".
Arranged in 1918, compositions' dates vary.
In practice however, Slovene was given no leeway as the language was a standardized form of much more widely used Shtokavian dialect of Serbo-Croatian, written in both Gaj's Latin and Serbian Cyrillic. The dialects of the languages, however, form a coherent Western South Slavic dialect continuum, where Kajkavian dialect merges into Slovene dialects. The anthem itself was partially in Slovene.

References

External links

Media related to National anthems of Yugoslavia at Wikimedia Commons

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[1] Đorđević wrote "Bože pravde", Mihanović wrote "Lijepa naša domovino", and Jenko wrote "Naprej zastava slave".

[2] Arranged in 1918, lyrics' dates vary.

[3] Jenko composed "Bože pravde" and "Naprej zastava slave"; Runjanin composed "Lijepa naša domovino".

[4] Arranged in 1918, compositions' dates vary.

[5] In practice however, Slovene was given no leeway as the language was a standardized form of much more widely used Shtokavian dialect of Serbo-Croatian, written in both Gaj's Latin and Serbian Cyrillic. The dialects of the languages, however, form a coherent Western South Slavic dialect continuum, where Kajkavian dialect merges into Slovene dialects. The anthem itself was partially in Slovene.