Maroon

Maroon ( /məˈruːn/ mə-ROON,[2]) is a dark brownish red or dark reddish purple color that takes its name from the French word marron, or chestnut.[3]. "Maron" is also the French translation for "brown"

For other uses, see Maroon (disambiguation).
Maroon
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#800000
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(128, 0, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v)(0°, 100%, 50%)
SourceHTML/CSS[1]
ISCC–NBS descriptorDeep reddish brown
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

More sources in 2020 describe maroon as dark brownish red than as dark reddish purple. Lexico online dictionary defines it as brownish-red.[4] The Cambridge English Dictionary defines it as a dark reddish-purple color although on the same page under its "American Dictionary" section, which details differences between a word's usage in the United States compared to the U.K., it is defined it as dark brown-red suggesting a slight difference in perception in the U.K. versus in North America. [5] Dictionary.com, which chiefly uses American spellings for words, defines it as dark-brownish red.[6] The Merriam-Webster online dictionary simply defines it as dark red.[7] The website "Color Psychology Meaning" defines maroon as "a variant of red, a dark red brown color" but in describing what a person's favourite color means about a person it lists maroon and burgundy together,[8] although it defines burgundy as a more red purplish color in which higher levels of blue have been added to get more of a purplish tone.[9] The Oxford English Dictionary describes it as "a brownish crimson (strong red) or claret (a deep shade of red) color."[10]

The word "maroon" derives from the French marron, meaning chestnut.

In the sRGB color model for additive color representation, the web color called maroon is created by turning down the brightness of pure red to about one half, and is the complement of the web color called teal.[1]

Etymology

Maroon is derived from French marron ("chestnut"),[11] itself from the Italian marrone that means both chestnut and brown (but the color maroon in Italian is granata and in French is grenat), from the medieval Greek maraon.[12]

The first recorded use of maroon as a color name in English was in 1789.[13]

In culture
Business
  • Maroon is the signature color of the Japanese private rail company, Hankyu Railway, decided by a vote of women customers in 1923.[14] In the 1990s, Hankyu planned an alternative color as it was developing new vehicles. That plan was called off following opposition by local residents.
Government
  • Maroon was named as the official color of the state of Queensland, Australia, in November 2003. While the declared shade of maroon in sRGB is R=115, G=24, B=44, Queenslanders display the spirit of the state by wearing all shades of maroon at sporting and cultural events.[15]
  • Maroon and gold are the official colors of the Minnesota State Patrol.
Politics
Military
  • The distinctive maroon beret has been worn by many airborne forces around the world since 1942.[16] It is sometimes referred to as the "red beret."
  • Historically maroon was the distinguishing color of the Caçadores (rifle) regiments of the Portuguese Army.
Music
Religion
School colors

Many universities, colleges, high schools and other educational institutions have maroon as one of their school colors. Popular combinations include maroon and white, maroon and grey, maroon and gold , and maroon and blue .

Sports

Sports teams often use maroon as one of their identifying colors, as a result many have received the nickname "Maroons".

  • The University of Chicago Maroons have used the nickname (and the corresponding color) since a vote came at a meeting of students and faculty on May 5, 1894.[33]
  • The University of the Philippines Fighting Maroons competes in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines and is based in their Diliman Campus. The moniker has been associated with their teams since the 1930s, except for a brief period in the 1960s when they were known as the Parrots.[34]
  • Maroons was the official nickname of the athletic teams representing Mississippi State College, now Mississippi State University from 1932 until 1961 when it was officially changed to the Bulldogs. Bulldogs had been used as an unofficial nickname as far back as 1905.[35]
  • Maroons is also the common nickname for the Queensland Rugby League team when it plays against the Blues (the New South Welshmen) in an annual competition of three games known as the State of Origin series in Australia.
  • West Indies cricket team wears all maroon clothing in limited-overs cricket whilst in Test cricket, they wear maroon cricket caps.
Flags

Commercial variations of maroon

Bright maroon
Bright Maroon
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#C32148
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(195, 34, 72)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k)(0, 83, 63, 24)
HSV       (h, s, v)(346°, 83%, 76%)
SourceCrayola
ISCC–NBS descriptorVivid red
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed in the adjacent table is the bright tone of maroon that was designated as maroon in Crayola crayons beginning in 1949.

It is a bright medium shade of maroon halfway between brown and rose.

The color halfway between brown and rose is crimson, so this color is also a tone of crimson.

Rich maroon (maroon (X11))
Rich maroon [ maroon (X11) ]
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#B03060
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(176, 48, 96)
HSV       (h, s, v)(338°, 73%, 69%)
SourceX11 color names#Color name clashes
ISCC–NBS descriptorStrong red
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Displayed in the adjacent table is the color rich maroon, i.e. maroon as defined in the X11 color names, which is much brighter and more toned toward rose than the HTML/CSS maroon shown above.

See the chart Color name clashes in the X11 color names article to see those colors that are different in HTML/CSS and X11.

Dark red
Dark Red
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#8B0000
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(139, 0, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k)(0, 100, 100, 45)
HSV       (h, s, v)(0°, 100%, 55%)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorStrong reddish brown
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed in the adjacent table is the web color dark red.

UP maroon
UP Maroon
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#7B1113
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(123, 17, 19)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k)(0, 86, 85, 52)
HSV       (h, s, v)(359°, 86.2%, 48.2%)
Sourcehttps://www.colorhexa.com/7b1113
ISCC–NBS descriptorDeep reddish brown
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

UP Maroon is the shade used by the University of the Philippines as its primary color.

gollark: https://www.cs.unm.edu/~dlchao/flake/doom/chi/chi.html
gollark: βee you.
gollark: Did we ever get a palaiologistical answer to the thing?
gollark: A+B or A. A has $1000 000 iff the oracle predicted you would only pick it. B has a fixed $10 000.
gollark: Depending on the model of time travel in use, you continuously generate alternate timelines, don't do the thing in the first place as the universe forbids it, or run into some ridiculously unlikely failure state of the apiochronoformic system in use.

See also
  • List of colors

References
  1. "CSS Color Module Level 3". w3.org.
  2. "maroon (Random House (US) & Collins (UK) dictionaries)". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
  3. Cambridge English Dictionary on-line; "maroon is red!!!"; Webster's New World Dictionary of American English, 3rd College Edition, (1988). "A dark brown". Random House College Dictionary (1975), "a dark brownish".
  4. https://www.lexico.com/definition/maroon
  5. Cambridge English Dictionary on-line
  6. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/maroon?s=t
  7. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/maroon
  8. https://colorpsychologymeaning.com/color-maroon-burgundy/
  9. https://colorpsychologymeaning.com/color-maroon-burgundy/
  10. Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition, 1973.
  11. "maroon". Princeton WordNet.
  12. Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th Edition (1973).
  13. Maerz and Paul. A Dictionary of Color. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930, Page 198; Color Sample of Maroon: Page 37, Plate 7, Color Sample L7
  14. Robertson, Jennifer Ellen (1998). Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan (ebook ed.). p. 153. ISBN 978-0-520-92012-5.
  15. "State Colour". Queensland Government.
  16. "The Parachute Regiment "Paras"". specialoperations.com. Archived from the original on 2011-11-28.
  17. Wong, Edward (February 18, 2009). "China Adds to Security Forces in Tibet Amid Calls for a Boycott" – via NYTimes.com.
  18. Communications, Texas A&M University-Marketing &. "Brand Colors | University Brand Guide | Texas A&M University". Texas A&M University Brand Guide.
  19. school-colors (21 June 2018). "School Colors". www.txstate.edu. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
  20. "Colors and Type". University Relations. January 27, 2017.
  21. "Minnesota Golden Gophers Colors". Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  22. "Minnesota". NCAA. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  23. The Blue Book of College Athletics. Rohrich Corporation. 1966. p. 253.
  24. "Autumn Events". Shimer College Record. 44 (4). October 1952. p. 2.
  25. (PDF) http://news.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/_uchicago.identity.guidelines.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  26. McMenamin, Dave (17 December 2012). "Kobe Bryant feeling fine in Philly". ESPN. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  27. "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  28. "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  29. "Colgate at a Glance | Colgate University". www.colgate.edu.
  30. "Our Colors". brand.missouristate.edu.
  31. "Virginia Tech colors". Virginia Tech – History and Traditions. 2019.
  32. "UP Visual Identity Guidebook 2017 now available online". University of the Philippines System. 2017.
  33. "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  34. "From Parrots to Maroons". philstar.com.
  35. "Maroon, Maroons, and the Phoenix". Athletics.UChicago.edu.
  36. According to the 1994 law, Latvijas valsts karogs ir sarkans ar baltu svītru. (Latvian national flag is red with a white stripe.) "Par Latvijas valsts karogu (The Latvian flag)" (in Latvian). The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia. 1994. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009. Sarkans is the word for "red" in Latvian, while "maroon" is petarde. Turkina, Eiženija & Zitare, K. (1977). Latvian-English Dictionary (second ed.). Waverly, Iowa: Latvju Gramata (Rota Press). OCLC 3085262.
  37. Latvijas valsts karogs ir karmīnsarkans ar baltu horizontālu svītru. (The Latvian national flag is carmine with white horizontal stripes.)"Latvijas valsts karoga likums (The Latvian flag law)" (in Latvian). The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia. 17 November 2009.
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