Lucas di Grassi

Lucas Tucci di Grassi (born 11 August 1984) is a Brazilian racing driver who competes in the all-electric FIA Formula E Championship for Audi Sport ABT Schaffler. He became the FIA Formula E World Champion in 2016-2017, also achieved 3 overall podiums and best result ever for a Brazilian driver at Le Mans 24h, including a FIA WEC Vice World Championship in 2016, competed in FIA Formula 1 in 2010, Vice-Champion in FIA Formula 2 and World Champion of FIA Formula 3 at the Macau GP in 2005.

Lucas di Grassi
Di Grassi at the 2019 New York City ePrix
Nationality	Brazilian
Born	(1984-08-11) 11 August 1984 São Paulo, Brazil
Formula E career
Debut season	2014–15
Current team	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler
Car number	11
Starts	69
Championships	1 (2016-17)
Wins	10
Podiums	33
Poles	3
Fastest laps	7
Best finish	1st in 2016-17
Finished last season	6th
WEC career
Debut season	2012
Current team	Audi Sport Team Joest
Car number	1
Former teams	1 (Porsche)
Starts	29
Championships	0
Wins	2
Poles	1
Fastest laps	3
Best finish	2nd in 2016
Finished last season	2nd
Formula One World Championship career
Active years	2010
Teams	Virgin
Entries	19 (18 starts)
Championships	0
Wins	0
Podiums	0
Career points	0
Pole positions	0
Fastest laps	0
First entry	2010 Bahrain Grand Prix
Last entry	2010 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix

Born in São Paulo, di Grassi began racing karts at the age of ten, and achieved early success in the regional and later national kart series. He progressed to car racing in 2002 and was the runner up in the Formula Renault 2.0 Brazil and Formula 3 Sudamericana championships. Di Grassi took two consecutive victories in the 2004 British Formula Three Championship and progressed to the Euro Series the following year which saw him clinch a solitary race victory and was the winner of the non-championship Macau Grand Prix. After that, he spent the next three years in the GP2 Series where he won four races and finished the runner-up in 2007 to Timo Glock.

Di Grassi drove in Formula One with the Virgin Racing team in 2010 but was outperformed by his teammate Glock and was dropped for the following season. He was subsequently employed by Pirelli in mid-2011 as their official tyre tester and developed the company's next generation of tyres. Di Grassi continued this role into 2012. For the next four seasons, he drove for Audi Sport Team Joest in the FIA World Endurance Championship and took a best finish of second with two victories in 2016. Since 2014, di Grassi has raced in Formula E and has scored ten victories and won the 2016–17 Drivers' Championship.

Early and personal life

Di Grassi was born on 11 August 1984 in São Paulo, Brazil.[1] He is of Italian descent through his grandfather who came from Polignano a Mare.[2] Di Grassi's family did not have a background in motor racing but his uncle owned a go-kart shop and di Grassi visited him driving go-karts every weekend between the ages of seven and eight.[3] He was educated at the local Santa Cruz High School and later went on to graduate with a degree in Economics after his second year at the private business university Ibmec.[1] Di Grassi married the designer Bianca Diniz Caloi in a ceremony held in the São Paulo municipality of Itirapina on 1 December 2013.[4] He currently resides in Monaco.[5] On 3 July 2018, di Grassi became a father with the birth of his son Leonardo.[6]

He founded the fuel conservation non-governmental organisation Smarter Driving in 2007 and was appointed the United Nations Environment Programme's clean air ambassador in 2018.[7] Di Grassi partakes in triathlons to maintain his fitness and balance his racing career. He is also a member of the high IQ society Mensa. In addition to his native Portuguese, he is fluent in English, Italian, Spanish and has basic knowledge of French.[5]

Early career

Karting and early junior formulae

Upon the invitation of his father, Vito, the former vice-president of the Brazilian heavy vehicles manufacturer Engesa, di Grassi made his karting debut at the age of ten. He won a karting series in São Paulo in 1997, and continued to progress upwards through the South American karting series by winning several races in his native country. The peak of di Grassi's karting career came in 2000 when he placed fifth overall in the Formula A World Championship.[8] That year, he won the Pan American Kart Championship.[5] Di Grassi made his car racing debut in 2002, driving in the Formula Renault 2.0 Brazil, finishing the season with two victories, and placed seven points behind the series victor Sérgio Jimenez.[8] In 2003, he switched to the Formula 3 Sudamericana and joined the Avellone team. Di Grassi took one victory and stood on the podium eleven times, en route to second in the championship, behind the more experienced Danilo Dirani,[8] despite missing the season's final six races due to him injuring his neck in an accident he sustained in Curitiba.[9]

He elected to move to the United Kingdom in 2004 so he could take part in the British Formula Three Championship with Hitech Racing. Di Grassi won both races at the Thruxton meeting but the remainder of the season was difficult for him and could only muster eighth in the final standings in spite of good qualifying performances. He was invited to race in the season-ending Macau Grand Prix and came third.[9] Di Grassi graduated to the Formula 3 Euro Series in 2005 with Manor Motorsport[9] but started the season with a major accident at the Hockenheimring where he attempted to pass Giedo van der Garde but clipped the latter's rear-left wheel. He launched into the air and rolled several times before resting in the tyre barrier.[10] Di Grassi recovered to have a solid season and took a lights-to-flag victory at the Oschersleben and came third in the championship.[8] He took a third-place finish at the Masters of Formula 3,[11] and won the end-of-the season Macau Grand Prix from third on the grid by passing Robert Kubica shortly after a safety car restart in the closing stages of the event.[12]

GP2 Series and Formula One testing (2006–2009)

2006 brought di Grassi to the next stage of his career as he entered the GP2 Series support series with the unsuccessful Durango team and was partnered by the Spanish driver Sergio Hernández.[13] While his local rival Nelson Piquet Jr. battled Lewis Hamilton for the championship,[8] di Grassi struggled with a noncompetitive car and could only muster eight points throughout the course of the season.[9] With assistance from the Renault Formula One team, he signed a contract to race for ART Grand Prix in the 2007 season in December 2006 and was partnered for the first round by Michael Ammermüller.[14] He scored points consistently throughout the season, failing to score only once in the first thirteen races. Despite not winning a race in that time, it put di Grassi in contention for the championship along with iSport driver Timo Glock.[15]

Di Grassi driving for Campos Grand Prix at the Silverstone round of the 2008 GP2 Series.

He scored his first win of the year in the fourteenth round of the season at Istanbul, and took the lead of the championship,[16] but Glock moved back ahead of him when he won the sprint race at the same track.[17] Heading into the final race of the season at Valencia, di Grassi was two points adrift of Glock and said that he was not worried over outside factors determining the title.[18] In changeable weather conditions, di Grassi started on wet tyres, but the rain let up, and he entered the pit lane after two laps for the slick tyres. He pushed too hard on the slippery surface and beached his car in the gravel trap.[19] Glock took the victory in the sprint race and earned one additional point for the fastest lap to clinch the title while di Grassi struggled throughout to finish outside of the top ten.[20]

Di Grassi had no intentions of remaining in GP2 for 2008 as due to his relationship with Renault he was developing the series's new Dallara GP2/08 chassis in addition to his Formula One test and reserve driver duties.[8][9] However, he resumed his GP2 career that year by securing a drive at Campos Racing from round four onwards, replacing the 2007 Formula Renault 3.5 Series runner-up Ben Hanley.[21] With three-second places and one fourth-place finish, di Grassi was the highest-scoring driver over the first two race meetings in which he took part. Two wins followed and he briefly looked set for a surprising championship challenge, before a final lap collision with Giorgio Pantano (who was disqualified for the incident) at Spa-Francorchamps effectively ended di Grassi's hopes.[8] He finished an eventual third, ten points behind Pantano despite six fewer races.[9]

Di Grassi sought to race in Formula One in 2009 with Renault and speculation arose in the motor sport press over him replacing fellow countryman Nelson Piquet Jr. after the latter's poor performance compared to his teammate Fernando Alonso.[22][23] Renault looked at running either di Grassi or fellow test driver Romain Grosjean for the season,[23] but eventually chose to keep Piquet and Alonso.[22] He along with the 2008 GP2 Series runner-up Bruno Senna were strongly considered by Ross Brawn to drive for Honda. The pair tested the Honda RA108 at the Circuit de Catalunya in mid-November which had di Grassi lap within half a second of Senna's pace.[24] After Honda withdrew from Formula One due to the global financial crisis, Brawn elected for experience over youth by retaining Rubens Barrichello.[25]

With no other options available, di Grassi chose to remain in GP2 for another season and signed to drive for Racing Engineering, partnering Dani Clos. He was released from his Renault testing duties after the world governing body of motorsport, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), prohibited Formula One teams from undertaking in-season testing.[26] However, di Grassi was retained as Renault's reserve driver and was prepared as a potential replacement from Grosjean in the Singapore Grand Prix after Grosjean became ill with food poisoning.[27] He opened the season with two four-place finishes at the duo of Monaco races before clinching his sole victory of the campaign in the Istanbul sprint race from reverse grid pole position. Over the coming rounds, it was noticeable that di Grassi would not be able to clinch the title but came second in the Silverstone feature race. He followed this up with six further podiums throughout the remainder of the season.[8] As in the previous year, di Grassi was third in the drivers' standings.[9]

Formula One (2010)

Di Grassi driving for Virgin Racing at the Malaysian Grand Prix where he secured his best finish in Formula One.

Di Grassi was announced as one of two drivers of the brand new Virgin Racing team on 15 December 2009 and would be partnered by his former GP2 Series rival Timo Glock in a deal predicted by BBC Radio Sheffield.[28] An important factor in his decision was the chance to work with John Booth, the Virgin team principal.[28] It was reported by The Daily Telegraph that di Grassi had also provided Virgin with £5 million worth of sponsorship.[29] Writing in The Guardian's 2010 Formula One supplement, Alan Henry and Rob Bagchi predicted that Glock would outperform di Grassi throughout the season.[30] He retired from the opening two rounds of the season (Bahrain and Australia) due to hydraulic problems.[31][32] However his fortunes improved at Sepang where he took his first (and best finish) of the season with a 14th in spite of having to do the second half of the race in fuel conservation mode due to pick-up and fuel capacity problems.[33]

Di Grassi struggled at the Chinese Grand Prix which had him start from the pit lane. He circulated behind HRT driver Karun Chandhok until he retired with clutch failure after completing nine laps.[34] Further issues arose in Spain as di Grassi battled with car setup and was the last driver to finish the race,[34] and retired early in Monaco due to his right-rear wheel becoming loose at his pit stop.[35] At the Turkish Grand Prix, problems striking multiple Cosworth-engine cars elevated di Grassi to 19th although he had to manage his engine to finish it. Hydraulics issues further afflicted him in Canada but still managed to finish the race and only needed one pit stop to reach the conclusion of the European Grand Prix two weeks later before a further hydraulics issue ended his participation in the British Grand Prix after nine laps.[34]

Di Grassi competing at the Belgian Grand Prix where he battled with Heikki Kovalainen in the final ten laps.

A further retirement followed at the Hockenheimring from a damaged rear suspension from hitting a kerb too hard,[36] and had further difficulty at the Hungaroring when he was put a lap down due to a loose wheel but still managed to finish. In variable weather conditions at the Belgian Grand Prix, he battled Lotus's Heikki Kovalainen in the closing ten laps which ended in the latter's favour by two seconds before another suspension issue ended his Italian Grand Prix with three laps left.[34] Di Grassi had impressed the Virgin Racing engineers with his feedback but Booth had not been satisfied with his pace against Glock and scouted an alternative driver that ended with Booth coming into contact with the Belgian racer Jérôme d'Ambrosio.[8] Di Grassi was the last classified driver in the Singapore Grand Prix,[34] and did not start the Japanese Grand Prix as he crashed on the way to the grid.[37]

At the inaugural Korean Grand Prix, di Grassi lost control of his car while trying to overtake Hispania driver Sakon Yamamoto and crashed into the barriers on the 26th lap.[38] He struggled with further problems with his suspension at his home race in Brazil, and despite his team's mechanics rectifying the issue at his mid-race pit stop, he was not classified in the final results.[34] At the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, di Grassi chose to make a pit stop for new tyres during a safety car period and managed them until the end of the race.[39] He ended the season 24th in the Drivers' Championship and scored no points.[9] On 19 December, di Grassi won the Desafio Internacional das Estrelas, a karting event organised by Felipe Massa.[40] Two days later, he was left without a drive, after Virgin announced d'Ambrosio to partner Glock in 2011.[41]

Pirelli test driver and sports car racing (2011–present)

2011–2014

The Renault R30 (pictured in its 2010 configuration) which di Grassi tested in 2012 to develop Pirelli's next generation of tyres in Formula One.

In 2011, di Grassi re-organised his management and sought a Pirelli tyre testing role.[42] This was attained on 6 July and he developed Pirelli's Formula One tyres for the 2011 season, and drove the company's Toyota TF109 test car in five test sessions in order to develop the next generation of tyres, as well as attending several race weekends where he collected information about tyre performance and attended technical briefings.[43] In late 2011, he was among two drivers vying for a seat with Peugeot and tested for the team at the Circuit Paul Ricard and the Ciudad del Motor de Aragón in October.[44] Di Grassi was close to signing a contract with Peugeot but the manufacturer withdrew from sports car racing in January 2012 because of financial difficulties.[45] He remained with Pirelli for the 2012 season alongside the former Toro Rosso driver Jaime Alguersuari to help develop tyres for the 2013 season and beyond using a Renault R30 chassis.[46] The chassis was upgraded to the 2012 requirements for Alguersuari and di Grassi to run the car across four development tests during the course of the season at the Circuito de Jerez, Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Autodromo Nazionale Monza and the Circuit de Catalunya to help Pirelli improve its selection of tyres.[46]

Di Grassi made his endurance racing debut at the 2012 24 Hours of Nürburgring, driving the No. 69 Dörr Motorsport McLaren MP4-12C GT3, and was joined by Rudi Adams, Chris Goodwin and Jochen Übler. The quartet retired after eleven laps from multiple problems.[47] He made his first appearance in the World Endurance Championship (WEC) at the 6 Hours of São Paulo, competing for Audi Sport Team Joest in place of Rinaldo Capello who retired after the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Di Grassi drove the No. 2 Audi R18 e-tron quattro alongside Tom Kristensen and Allan McNish,[48] finishing third overall.[49] Afterwards, he entered the International V8 Supercars Championship for the Armor All Gold Coast 600 round, partnering Michael Patrizi at Tekno Autosports in a Holden VE Commodore, finishing eleventh in the first race, but missed the second after Patrizi heavily damaged the car in qualifying.[50] In November, di Grassi returned to Macau to compete in the GT Cup, driving the AF Corse Ferrari 458 GT3, taking second after battling Edoardo Mortara for the win.[51]

The No. 3 Audi R18 e-tron quattro that di Grassi shared with Oliver Jarvis and Marc Gené at the 2013 24 Hours of Le Mans.

Based on his performance in São Paulo, Audi offered di Grassi a contract in late 2012 which he accepted. He replaced Marco Bonanomi whom Audi released.[52] Audi announced in January 2013 that di Grassi was selected to race for the team in the opening round of the 2013 American Le Mans Series, the 12 Hours of Sebring.[53] He again teamed up with Kristensen and McNish,[53] finishing second overall after exchanging the lead several times with the sister Audi.[54] Shortly after the 6 Hours of Silverstone, Audi announced that di Grassi would be racing an experimental car at the 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps and the 24 Hours of Le Mans alongside Oliver Jarvis and Marc Gené.[55] The trio took third place in an Audi clean sweep of the podium.[56] At Le Mans, despite a puncture in the race's opening hours, he, Jarvis and Gené took a second consecutive third place finish as Kristensen, McNish and Loïc Duval's No. 2 Audi secured the overall victory.[57] Di Grassi, Jarvis and Gené finished ninth in the World Endurance Drivers' Championship.[58] In late August, di Grassi drove the Audi RS5 DTM at a test session, held at the Red Bull Ring.[59]

To start 2014, he raced the No. 21 RCM Motorsport Chevrolet Sonic alongside Thiago Camilo for the opening round of the Stock Car Brasil season at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace; the duo retired on the first lap due to a clutch failure.[60][61] Di Grassi was retained by Audi for 2014 and was promoted to a full-time racing seat. He was selected to replace the retired McNish in the No. 1 Audi and shared it with Kristensen and Duval.[62] Di Grassi started the season by retiring due to chassis damage arising from a crash at the 6 Hours of Silverstone,[63] but recovered to finish second overall at Spa-Francorchamps.[64] Although the No. 1 Audi's fuel injectors and turbocharger were replaced, di Grassi, Kristensen and Duval took second at Le Mans three laps adrift of André Lotterer, Benoît Tréluyer and Marcel Fässler's winning car.[65] After another second position at the Circuit of the Americas, he clinched a hat-trick of fifth-places before ending with a podium at the season-closing 6 Hours of São Paulo.[66] The trio's results ranked them ninth in the drivers' standings with 117 points.[9]

2015–present

As in the previous year, di Grassi took part in the season-opening round of the Stock Car Brasil in the No. 21 RCM Motorsport Chevrolet Sonic that he shared with Thiago Camilo but this time at the Autódromo Internacional Ayrton Senna and the two finished fifth.[67] He remained with Audi for the upcoming season and was paired with Oliver Jarvis and Loïc Duval in the No. 8 car.[68] He began the year with a fifth-place at Silverstone followed by a seventh at Spa-Francorchamps.[66] Le Mans was different for the trio as Duval crashed heavily in the third hour and this ended their chances of winning the race but were able to settle for fourth overall.[69] The trio took fourth at the inaugural 6 Hours of Nürburgring,[70] and followed this up by securing their first (and only) podium of the season at the 6 Hours of Circuit of the Americas in third position despite serving a one-minute stop-and-go penalty for a pit lane infringement.[71] After that, he took two back-to-back fourth-place finishes in Fuji and Shanghai and rounded out the season with a fifth at Bahrain.[66] Di Grassi's results for the season placed him fourth in the Drivers' Championship and accumulated 99 points.[9]

The Audi R18 (pictured at the 2016 Paris Motor Show) that di Grassi, Duval and Oliver Jarvis drove in the 2016 World Endurance Championship.

For the third consecutive year, he shared the No. 21 RCM Motorsport Chevrolet Sonic with Thiago Camilo in the season-opening Stock Car Brasil round which in 2016 was held at the Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba; the duo came fourteenth.[72] Di Grassi's WEC campaign started badly when his car's hybrid system failed at the season-opening 6 Hours of Silverstone,[73] but recovered to take advantage of problems striking the LMP1 field to secure his first outright victory in the series at Spa-Francorchamps.[74] Variable weather conditions were dealt with at Le Mans but the trio spent thirty-nine minutes in the pit lane to replace brakes and settled for third overall after the No. 5 Toyota TS050 Hybrid was not classified for failing to complete the final lap.[75] On Audi's orders, di Grassi took part in the Norisring round of the Audi Sport TT Cup as a guest driver,[76] finishing second in the first race and won the second.[77]

The trio matched Porsche for pace at the 6 Hours of Nürburgring and ended the duel in second,[78] but a wheel bearing failure in Mexico City put the car out of contention.[79] At the 6 Hours of Circuit of the Americas two weeks later the trio led before electrical failure cost them fifty seconds but the switch to di Grassi had him push hard for second overall.[80] Another strong performance came at Fuji where the car led for the majority of the race until the No. 6 Toyota of Kamui Kobayashi took over first place and held onto it despite the trio's advances.[81] Di Grassi took the lead at Shanghai but a refuelling rig issue lost him time, meaning he could only manage fifth.[82] He, Jarvis and Duval dominated the 6 Hours of Bahrain to win Audi's final World Endurance Championship race,[83] and their efforts throughout the season earned them second in the drivers' standings with 147.5 points.[9]

Di Grassi was offered a contract to race for Toyota at the 2017 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps and the 24 Hours of Le Mans but he was not granted clearance by Audi to race in LMP1.[84] He was later slated to co-drive the No. 51 AF Corse Ferrari 488 GTE at Le Mans but was ruled out due to an ankle injury he sustained in a football match.[85] In October 2017, di Grassi was announced as one of sixteen drivers selected to participate in the Audi Sport TT Cup series-ending Race of Legends at the Hockenheimring.[86] He finished in second after battling with Frank Stippler for the victory in the race's final laps.[87] The following month, di Grassi returned to Macau for the first time in five years to compete in the FIA GT World Cup in an Audi R8 LMS fielded by HCB-Rutronik Racing.[88] He was involved in a multi-car pile up in the first lap of the qualifying race, but was cleared by doctors for the following day's main race.[89] Di Grassi retired following an accident on the sixth lap.[90] He joined Mazda Team Joest in its No. 77 Mazda DPi for the 2018 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship season-ending Petit Le Mans alongside Oliver Jarvis and Tristan Nunez in October 2018.[91]

Formula E (2012–present)

Di Grassi (rightmost, holding the steering wheel) and Formula E CEO Alejandro Agag (sixth person from left) unveiling the Spark-Renault SRT 01E.

Formula E promoter Alejandro Agag sought di Grassi's technological expertise as a driver to develop the series' electric race car.[92] He was initially dubious as he was not convinced that electric car racing would be exciting but reconsidered after hearing its socially-oriented goal to develop attractive environmentally friendly vehicles.[93] A year later, di Grassi was announced as the official test driver for Formula E.[94] He first tested the prototype Formula E car, called Formulec, at Circuit de L'Eure near Paris in August 2012,[95] and was heavily involved in the development of the vehicle.[92] Di Grassi later terminated his contract as test driver to race in the series.[96] On 13 February 2014, di Grassi was announced to be competing in the inaugural Formula E season with Audi Sport ABT alongside his campaign in the World Endurance Championship. His teammate is the former GP2 driver Daniel Abt.[97]

2014–15

Di Grassi at the 2015 Berlin ePrix where he was disqualified for running a non-standardised front wing.

In September 2014, di Grassi won the first race of the season in Beijing, the first driver to win an all-electric motor race.[98] He recorded two more consecutive podiums in Putrajaya with a second place finish, and in Punta del Este with third place to give him the lead in the championship.[99][100] However, di Grassi had bad luck with a suspension failure in Buenos Aires, causing him to retire from the lead, and technical issues caused him to finish ninth in Miami, to lose the championship lead.[101] He bounced back by finishing in third position at Long Beach,[101] and second place in Monaco to give himself a four-point lead with four rounds to go.[102] Di Grassi's championship took a blow when he was disqualified from victory due to illegal modifications to his front wing endplates in Berlin;[103] with second place in Moscow to Nelson Piquet Jr., di Grassi entered the season-ending double-header in London seventeen points in arrears.[104] He finished fourth and sixth in the two races in London, one place ahead of Piquet each time. As a result, the driver finished eleven points behind Piquet and lost second to Sébastien Buemi, who won the first race.[105] Di Grassi, however, managed the most podium finishes of any driver with six.[9]

2015–16

Di Grassi celebrating his victory in the 2016 Paris ePrix

For the second consecutive season, he achieved three podium finishes in the opening three races. Di Grassi started the season with second place in Beijing and then followed this up with victory in Putrajaya and took the championship lead.[106] He followed up his win with second place in Punta del Este behind Buemi,[107] and third place in Buenos Aires also behind Buemi, meaning he was four points behind after four races.[108]

Di Grassi's title hopes took a brief blow after being disqualified from the win at the Mexico City after his car was found to be below the minimum weight limit.[109] He bounced back with a victory at Long Beach, while points leader Buemi had a mistake-filled race, where he collided into the back of Robin Frijns, had to switch cars early and ultimately finished sixteenth and took two points for fastest lap.[110] Now with a one-point advantage in the championship, he then followed this up with another victory in Paris whereas Buemi finished in third to give him an eleven-point lead heading into Berlin.[111] The scenario was reversed in Berlin, as Buemi took victory and di Grassi finishing third after teammate Abt refused team orders to let him through in the final laps.[112]

Di Grassi extended his championship lead to three after the first London ePrix race, finishing fourth to Buemi's fifth,[113] but Buemi stated his rival was "willing to crash" after their battle during the race.[114] Buemi eradicated that advantage with pole position for the season's final race, while di Grassi qualified third behind Buemi's team-mate Nico Prost. On the opening lap, di Grassi and Prost went side-by-side through the opening bends and under braking for turn three, di Grassi made slight contact with Prost and ran into the back of Buemi. Both cars sustained damage in the collision; Buemi's rear wing was dislodged, while di Grassi's front wing was removed as well as damage to the front-right suspension. With the drivers down the order, and two points available for the race's fastest lap, di Grassi and Buemi used their second cars to commence a battle to set the fastest lap time while not getting held up by other drivers. Di Grassi initially set the best time, before Buemi improved upon that, and ultimately took the championship title by five tenths on track, and two points in the championship.[115][116]

2016–17

Di Grassi competing in the 2017 New York City ePrix

During the off season, di Grassi became the first person to drive an electric car on the Arctic polar ice cap in an area of Northern Greenland and produced a video clip that promotes awareness of global warming.[117] He opened the first three races of the 2016-17 season with a second place at the inaugural Hong Kong ePrix and followed this up with a fifth position in Marrakesh and clinched another podium in the Buenos Aires round with a third place finish.[118] After being involved in a first lap accident which necessitated a change of rear wing at the Mexico City race, di Grassi then made the switch into his second car which meant he would have to conserve electrical energy towards the race's end. However, circumstances including a safety car meant he held onto the lead to clinch his first victory of the season and was now five points in arrears of Buemi.[119] A month later in Monaco, he launched an attack on Buemi for the win in the closing stages of the ePrix but was unable to get ahead and took second place.[120]

Di Grassi, however, struggled in the Paris ePrix as he made contact with the Andretti car of António Félix da Costa and later crashed out.[121] His performance at the first double header of the season at Berlin reduced Buemi's championship lead from a season-high forty-three points to thirty-two.[122] Di Grassi then accumulated a further twenty-two points at the July New York City ePrix to be ten points behind Buemi (who missed the race due to a World Endurance Championship commitment at the Nürburgring) heading into the season-closing double header in Montreal two weeks later.[123] He clinched the pole position for the first ePrix which he won and came seventh in the second. In addition, di Grassi took advantage of Buemi performing poorly in both races to win his first Drivers' Championship.[124] He was named CEO of Roborace on 13 September having served as an adviser since 2016.[125] Di Grassi was one of six drivers shortlisted for the 2017 Autosport International Racing Driver Award.[126] On 6 December, di Grassi was voted the Brazilian Driver of the Year by readers of Grande Prêmio.[127]

2017–18

Di Grassi continued with Audi Sport ABT for the 2017–18 Formula E season. He had a poor start to his campaign, scoring no points in the first four races due to multiple problems relating to his car's powertrain, but took his first top-ten finish of the season at the Mexico City round, coming ninth.[128] Thereafter, he took seven consecutive podium finishes which included successive victories in the Zürich ePrix and the first New York City race. Di Grassi finished second in the Drivers' Championship with 144 points and his and teammate Abt's form throughout the season helped Audi win their first Teams' Championship from Techeetah.[129] After the season, he said to Autosport that he believed his standard of driving had improved from the previous season and called his comeback " a miracle", "The difficult part was not to get that mental spiral that you doubt yourself or anything during these first four or five races. I think I drove better this year than I drove last year because I didn't do any mistakes".[130]

2018–19

Di Grassi won the 2019 Mexico City ePrix by overtaking Pascal Wehrlein a few meters before the chequered flag. He also won in Berlin later that year and would end the season 3rd overall in the standings.

2019-20

Di Grassi scored his first podium of 2019-20 in Diriyah.

Driver profile and views

Di Grassi talks with fans at an Audi eTron event during the FIA Formula E 2019 New York E-Prix

Di Grassi is regarded by some as one of the world's most "technically gifted" racing drivers due to his development of the Dallara GP2/08 Formulec and Spark-Renault SRT 01E chassis.[131] He is known as a controlled individual who has a shrewd understanding on dealing with the press.[102] William Briety of The Checkered Flag wrote that di Grassi is "unquestionably a new breed of racing driver" as he is supposedly more at ease over the future of motor racing than his contemporaries,[131] and believes that automated racing has the potential to relieve Formula One from any obligation it has to have any sort of relevance to the road cars of today and thus make the driver the focus of attention.[132] The Independent journalist Samuel Lovett described di Grassi as "a vibrant, forceful personality" who brings "colour and intrigue to a world dominated by Kubrick-esque machines, big data and space-age technology."[133]

He has criticised the introduction of the Halo cockpit protection device in Formula One and track limits. Di Grassi favours altering track layouts after noticing how this has led to a lack of overtaking opportunities in some categories of motor racing.[134] Discussing these issues have led to several racing pundits to suggest that di Grassi should consider becoming more actively involved in the future of motor racing's and has spoken of his desire to run for the presidency of the FIA in the future.[134]

Racing record

Career summary

Season	Series	Team	Races	Wins	Poles	F/Laps	Podiums	Points	Position
2002	Formula Renault 2.0 Brazil	G Force Motorsport	10	2	1	0	6	137	2nd
2003	Formula 3 Sudamericana	Avallone Motorsport	12	1	3	0	11	164	2nd
	Formula 3 Euro Series	Prema Powerteam	4	0	0	0	0	5	21st
2004	British Formula 3 Championship	Hitech Racing	24	2	3	0	6	130	8th
	Bahrain Super Prix		1	0	0	0	0	N/A	19th
	Macau Grand Prix		1	0	0	0	1	N/A	3rd
	Masters of Formula 3		1	0	0	0	0	N/A	5th
	FIA European Formula Three Cup		1	0	0	0	0	N/A	6th
2005	Formula 3 Euro Series	Manor Motorsport	19	1	2	1	6	68	3rd
	Macau Grand Prix		1	1	0	0	1	N/A	1st
	Masters of Formula 3		1	0	0	0	1	N/A	3rd
	Formula One	Mild Seven Renault F1 Team	Test driver
2006	GP2 Series	Durango	20	0	0	0	0	8	17th
2007	GP2 Series	ART Grand Prix	21	1	0	0	7	77	2nd
	Formula One	ING Renault F1 Team	Test driver
2008	GP2 Series	Barwa International Campos Team	14	3	0	2	6	63	3rd
	Formula One	ING Renault F1 Team	Test driver
		Honda Racing F1 Team
2009	GP2 Series	Racing Engineering	20	1	1	2	8	63	3rd
	Formula One	ING Renault F1 Team	Test driver
2010	Formula One	Virgin Racing	19	0	0	0	0	0	24th
2011	Formula One	Pirelli	Test driver
2012	FIA World Endurance Championship	Audi Sport Team Joest	1	0	0	1	1	15	22nd
	City of Dreams Macau GT Cup	AF Corse	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	17th
	24 Hours of Nürburgring	Dörr Motorsport	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	NC
	International V8 Supercars Championship	Tekno Autosports	2	0	0	0	0	0	NC†
2013	FIA World Endurance Championship	Audi Sport Team Joest	2	0	0	0	2	45	9th
	24 Hours of Le Mans		1	0	0	0	1	N/A	3rd
	American Le Mans Series		1	0	0	0	1	0	NC†
2014	FIA World Endurance Championship	Audi Sport Team Joest	8	0	0	0	4	117	4th
	24 Hours of Le Mans		1	0	0	0	1	N/A	2nd
	Stock Car Brasil	Ipiranga-RCM	1	0	0	0	0	0	NC†
2014–15	Formula E	Audi Sport ABT	11	1	0	1	6	133	3rd
2015	FIA World Endurance Championship	Audi Sport Team Joest	8	0	0	0	1	99	4th
	24 Hours of Le Mans		1	0	0	0	0	N/A	4th
	Stock Car Brasil	Ipiranga-RCM	1	0	0	0	0	0	NC†
2015–16	Formula E	ABT Schaeffler Audi Sport	10	3	0	0	7	153	2nd
2016	FIA World Endurance Championship	Audi Sport Team Joest	9	2	3	1	6	147.5	2nd
	24 Hours of Le Mans		1	0	0	0	1	N/A	3rd
	Audi Sport TT Cup	Audi Sport	2	1	0	2	2	0	NC†
	Stock Car Brasil	Ipiranga-RCM	1	0	0	1	0	0	NC†
2016–17	Formula E	ABT Schaeffler Audi Sport	12	2	3	0	7	181	1st
2017	FIA GT World Cup	HCB-Rutronik-Racing	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	DNF
2017–18	Formula E	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler	12	2	0	3	7	144	2nd
2018	Stock Car Brasil	HERO Motorsport	16	3	0	1	3	127	12th
	WeatherTech SportsCar Championship	Mazda Team Joest	1	0	0	0	1	32	46th
2018–19	Formula E	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler	13	2	0	2	3	108	3rd
2019	Stock Car Brasil	Eurofarma RC	1	0	1	0	0	0	34th
2019-20	Formula E	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler	11	0	0	1	2	77	6th
Source:[135]

^† As di Grassi was a guest driver, he was ineligible for championship points.
^* Season still in progress.

Complete Formula 3 Euro Series results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Entrant	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	DC	Points
2003	Prema Powerteam	Dallara F303/022	Spiess-Opel	HOC 1	HOC 2	ADR 1 14	ADR 2 18	PAU 1 9	PAU 2 4	NOR 1	NOR 2	LMS 1	LMS 2	NÜR 1	NÜR 2	A1R 1	A1R 2	ZAN 1	ZAN 2	HOC 3	HOC 4	MAG 1	MAG 2	21st	5
2005	Manor Motorsport	Dallara F305/025	Mercedes	HOC 1 Ret	HOC 2 DNS	PAU 1 5	PAU 2 7	SPA 1 DSQ	SPA 2 3	MON 1 7	MON 2 5	OSC 1 1	OSC 2 2	NOR 1 5	NOR 2 6	NÜR 1 2	NÜR 2 Ret	ZAN 1 Ret	ZAN 2 Ret	LAU 1 8	LAU 2 3	HOC 3 2	HOC 4 Ret	3rd	68
Source:[135]

Complete GP2 Series results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Entrant	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	DC	Points
2006	Durango	VAL FEA 17	VAL SPR 16	IMO FEA Ret	IMO SPR Ret	NÜR FEA 18	NÜR SPR 13	CAT FEA 12	CAT SPR 9	MON FEA 11	SIL FEA Ret	SIL SPR EX	MAG FEA 7	MAG SPR 6	HOC FEA Ret	HOC SPR Ret	HUN FEA 13	HUN SPR Ret	IST FEA 5	IST SPR 9	MNZ FEA 10	MNZ SPR 14	17th	8
2007	ART Grand Prix	BHR FEA 5	BHR SPR Ret	CAT FEA 3	CAT SPR 3	MON FEA 5	MAG FEA 2	MAG SPR 4	SIL FEA 4	SIL SPR 4	NÜR FEA 2	NÜR SPR 6	HUN FEA 4	HUN SPR 4	IST FEA 1	IST SPR 11	MNZ FEA 13	MNZ SPR 4	SPA FEA 3	SPA SPR 3	VAL FEA Ret	VAL SPR 13	2nd	77
2008	Barwa International Campos Team	CAT FEA	CAT SPR	IST FEA	IST SPR	MON FEA	MON SPR	MAG FEA 2	MAG SPR 4	SIL FEA 2	SIL SPR 2	HOC FEA 5	HOC SPR Ret	HUN FEA 1	HUN SPR 10	VAL FEA 4	VAL SPR 1	SPA FEA 20	SPA SPR 5	MNZ FEA 1	MNZ SPR 11		3rd	63
2009	Racing Engineering	CAT FEA Ret	CAT SPR 10	MON FEA 4	MON SPR 4	IST FEA 8	IST SPR 1	SIL FEA 2	SIL SPR 19	NÜR FEA 7	NÜR SPR Ret	HUN FEA 2	HUN SPR 3	VAL FEA 19	VAL SPR Ret	SPA FEA 3	SPA SPR Ret	MNZ FEA 3	MNZ SPR 2	ALG FEA 3	ALG SPR 15		3rd	63
Source:[135]

Complete Formula One results

(key)

Year	Entrant	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	WDC	Points
2010	Virgin Racing	Virgin VR-01	Cosworth CA2010 2.4 V8	BHR Ret	AUS Ret	MAL 14	CHN Ret	ESP 19	MON Ret	TUR 19	CAN 19	EUR 17	GBR Ret	GER Ret	HUN 18	BEL 17	ITA 20†	SIN 15	JPN DNS	KOR Ret	BRA NC	ABU 18	24th	0
Source:[136]

^† Driver did not finish the Grand Prix, but was classified as they had completed over 90% of the race distance.

Touring car racing

V8 Supercar results

Year	Team	Car	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	Final Pos	Points
2012	Tekno Autosports	Holden VE Commodore	ADE R1	ADE R2	SYM R3	SYM R4	HAM R5	HAM R6	BAR R7	BAR R8	BAR R9	PHI R10	PHI R11	HID R12	HID R13	TOW R14	TOW R15	QLD R16	QLD R17	SMP R18	SMP R19	SAN Q	SAN R20	BAT R21	SUR R22 11	SUR R23 DNS	YMC R24	YMC R25	YMC R26	WIN R27	WIN R28	SYD R29	SYD R30	NC	0 †
Source:[137]

† Not Eligible for points

Stock Car Brasil results

Year	Team	Car	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	Rank	Points
2014	Ipiranga-RCM	Chevrolet Sonic	INT 1 Ret	SCZ 1	SCZ 2	BRA 1	BRA 2	GOI 1	GOI 2	GOI 1	CAS 1	CAS 2	CUR 1	CUR 2	VEL 1	VEL 2	SCZ 1	SCZ 2	TAR 1	TAR 2	SAL 1	SAL 2	CUR 1	NC†	0†
2015	Ipiranga-RCM	Chevrolet Sonic	GOI 1 5	RBP 1	RBP 2	VEL 1	VEL 2	CUR 1	CUR 2	SCZ 1	SCZ 2	CUR 1	CUR 2	GOI 1	CAS 1	CAS 2	BRA 1	BRA 2	CUR 1	CUR 2	TAR 1	TAR 2	INT 1	NC†	0†
2016	Ipiranga-RCM	Chevrolet Sonic	CUR 1 14	VEL 1	VEL 2	GOI 1	GOI 2	SCZ 1	SCZ 2	TAR 1	TAR 2	CAS 1	CAS 2	INT 1	LON 1	LON 2	CUR 1	CUR 2	GOI 1	GOI 2	CDC 1	CDC 2	INT 1	NC†	0†
2018	HERO Motorsport	Chevrolet Cruze	INT 1 Ret	CUR 1 6	CUR 2 1	VEL 1 Ret	VEL 2 DNS	LON 1 7	LON 2 1	SCZ 1	SCZ 2	GOI 1 21	MOU 1 Ret	MOU 2 Ret	CAS 1 1	CAS 2 Ret	VCA 1 5	VCA 2 Ret	TAR 1	TAR 2	GOI 1 Ret	GOI 2 4	INT 1 24	12th	127
2019	Eurofarma RC	Chevrolet Cruze	VEL 1	VCA 1	VCA 2	GOI 1	GOI 2	LON 1	LON 2	SCZ 1	SCZ 2	MOU 1	MOU 2	INT 1 DSQ	VEL 1	VEL 2	CAS 1	CAS 2	VCA 1	VCA 2	GOI 1	GOI 2	INT 1	34th	0
Source:[135]

^† Ineligible for championship points.

Complete FIA World Endurance Championship results

Year	Entrant	Class	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	Rank	Points
2012	Audi Sport Team Joest	LMP1	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	Audi TDI 3.7L Turbo V6 (Hybrid Diesel)	SEB	SPA	LMS	SIL	SÃO 3	BHR	FUJ	SHA		22nd	15
2013	Audi Sport Team Joest	LMP1	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	Audi TDI 3.7L Turbo V6 (Hybrid Diesel)	SIL	SPA 3	LMS 3	SÃO	COA	FUJ	SHA	BHR		9th	45
2014	Audi Sport Team Joest	LMP1	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	Audi TDI 4.0 L Turbo V6 (Hybrid Diesel)	SIL Ret	SPA 2	LMS 2	COA 2	FUJ 5	SHA 5	BHR 5	SÃO 3		4th	117
2015	Audi Sport Team Joest	LMP1	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	Audi TDI 4.0 L Turbo V6 (Hybrid Diesel)	SIL 5	SPA 7	LMS 4	NÜR 4	COA 3	FUJ 4	SHA 4	BHR 6		4th	99
2016	Audi Sport Team Joest	LMP1	Audi R18	Audi TDI 4.0 L Turbo Diesel V6 (Hybrid)	SIL Ret	SPA 1	LMS 3	NÜR 2	MEX 15	COA 2	FUJ 2	SHA 5	BHR 1	2nd	147.5
Source:[66]

24 Hours of Le Mans results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Laps	Pos.	Class Pos.
2013	Audi Sport Team Joest	Marc Gené Oliver Jarvis	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	LMP1	347	3rd	3rd
2014	Audi Sport Team Joest	Tom Kristensen Marc Gené	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	LMP1-H	376	2nd	2nd
2015	Audi Sport Team Joest	Loïc Duval Oliver Jarvis	Audi R18 e-tron quattro	LMP1	392	4th	4th
2016	Audi Sport Team Joest	Loïc Duval Oliver Jarvis	Audi R18	LMP1	372	3rd	3rd
Source:[66]

Complete Formula E results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Team	Chassis	Powertrain	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	Pos	Points
2014–15	Audi Sport ABT	Spark SRT01-e	SRT01-e	BEI 1	PUT 2	PDE 3	BUE Ret	MIA 9	LBH 3	MCO 2	BER DSQ	MSC 2	LON 4	LON 6			3rd	133
2015–16	ABT Schaeffler Audi Sport	Spark SRT01-e	ABT Schaeffler FE01	BEI 2	PUT 1	PDE 2	BUE 3	MEX DSQ	LBH 1	PAR 1	BER 3	LON 4	LON Ret				2nd	153
2016–17	ABT Schaeffler Audi Sport	Spark SRT01-e	ABT Schaeffler FE02	HKG 2	MRK 5	BUE 3	MEX 1	MCO 2	PAR Ret	BER 2	BER 3	NYC 4	NYC 5	MTL 1	MTL 7		1st	181
2017–18	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler	Spark SRT01-e	Audi e-tron FE04	HKG 17	HKG 14	MRK Ret	SCL Ret	MEX 9	PDE 2	RME 2	PAR 2	BER 2	ZUR 1	NYC 1	NYC 2		2nd	144
2018–19	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler	Spark SRT05e	Audi e-tron FE05	ADR 9	MRK 7	SCL 12	MEX 1	HKG 2	SYX 15†	RME 7	PAR 4	MCO Ret	BER 1	BRN 9	NYC 5	NYC 18†	3rd	108
2019–20	Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler	Spark SRT05e	Audi e-tron FE06	DIR 13	DIR 2	SCL 7	MEX 6	MRK 7	BER 8	BER 3	BER 8	BER 6	BER 21	BER 6			6th	77
Source:[135]

^† Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.

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External links

• Official website
• Lucas di Grassi career summary at DriverDB.com

Sporting positions
Preceded by Alexandre Prémat	Macau Grand Prix Winner 2005	Succeeded by Mike Conway
Preceded by Michael Schumacher	Desafio Internacional das Estrelas Winner 2010	Succeeded by Jaime Alguersuari
Preceded by Sébastien Buemi	Formula E Champion 2016-17	Succeeded by Jean-Éric Vergne