List of wars involving Nigeria

This is a list of wars involving the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Other conflicts

• Mbaise Rebellion Battles against the British 1902–1917 – In 1900, the British created the Southern Nigeria Protectorate. The resistance to British colonisation from the people of modern mbaise and igbo's throughout Eastern Nigeria is well documented.
• Bende Onitsha Hinterland Expedition 1905–1906 – The Bende Onitsha Hinterland Expedition is also referred to as the Ahiara Expedition due to the impact it had on the area. There was a lot of hostility between the British and the people of Mbaise following the Aro Expedition.

Oyo Empire (1682–1833)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Battle of Dahomey (1728)	Oyo Empire	Dahomey	Victory
Battle of Tabkin Kwatto (1804)	Sultanate of Gobir	Sokoto Caliphate	Decisive Fulani victory
Fulani War (1804–1808)	Sokoto Caliphate	Hausa Kingdoms	Fulani victory Establishment of the Sokoto Caliphate
Battle of Oyo Ile	Oyo Empire	Nupe	Agreement The Oyo defeated the Nupe and reclaimed Oyo Ile

Battles (1901–1902)

• Battles in the Oguta/Owerri area (November 1901)
• Battles of Esu Itu (December 1901)
• Battles of Arochukwu (December 1901)
• Battle of Edimma (January 1902)
• Battle of Ikotobo (January 1902)
• Battle of Ikorodaka (February 1902)
• Battle of Bende (March 1902)

Colonial Nigeria/British Republic (1800–1960)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Ekumeku Movement (1883–1914)	Ekumeku Organization	British Empire	Stalemate Establishment of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate
Anglo-Aro War (1901–1902)	Aro Confederacy	United Kingdom	Defeat Defeat of the Aro People
First Battle of Garua (1914)	British Empire British Nigeria	Germany German Kamerun	Defeat
African theatre of World War I (1914–1918)	Entente Powers:  British Empire  United Kingdom  Australia  Bechuanaland  British East Africa Egypt  Gold Coast  India  New Zealand Nigeria  Northern Rhodesia  Nyasaland  Somaliland  South Africa  Southern Rhodesia Sudan Uganda  France  French West Africa  French Equatorial Africa Morocco  Belgium  Belgian Congo  Portugal  Angola  Mozambique  Italy (1915–1918) Tripolitania Cyrenaica  Eritrea Somalia  Liberia (1917–1918)	Central Powers:  German Empire Togoland Kamerun  German South West Africa  German East Africa  Ottoman Empire Co-belligerents:  Transvaal (1914–1915) Senussi Sultanate of Darfur (1914–1916) Dervish State Supported by:  Ethiopian Empire (1915–1916)	Allied victory
Kamerun Campaign (1914–1916)	Entente Powers:  British Empire Nigeria  India  France  French Equatorial Africa  Belgium  Belgian Congo	Central Powers:  Germany Kamerun	Allied victory
Battle of Gurin (1915)	British Empire British Nigeria	Germany German Kamerun	Victory
Second Battle of Garua (1915)	British Empire British Nigeria France French Equatorial Africa	German Empire German Kamerun	Allied Victory
Bussa Rebellion (1915)	Nigeria	British Empire	Stalemate
Adubi War (1918)	British Empire British Nigeria	Egba rebels	Victory
East African Campaign (World War II)[1] (1940–1943)	Allied Powers:  British Empire  United Kingdom  Australia  Gold Coast  India Kenya Nigeria  Nyasaland  Northern Rhodesia  Southern Rhodesia  Somaliland  South Africa Sudan  Belgium  Belgian Congo  Free Ethiopia  Free France French Equatorial Africa	Axis Powers:  Italy  Italian East Africa Supported by:  Germany	Victory Fall of Italian East Africa

First Nigerian Republic (1960–1979)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Congo Crisis (1960–1964)	Congo-Léopoldville ONUC  Ireland  Sweden  Norway  India  Nigeria  Ethiopia	Katanga  South Kasai  Belgium	Victory Katanga and South Kasai dissolved
1966 Nigerian coup d'état (1966)	Government of Nigeria	Rebel Army Officers	Government Victory Overthrow of Abubakar Balewa Assassination of 11 senior Politicians Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi seized power Instigation of Northern-led counter-coup Nigerian Civil War starts in 1967
1975 Nigerian coup d'état (1975)	Military government Supreme Military Council (SMC)	Armed Forces faction Supreme Military Council (SMC)	Coup succeeds. Yakubu Gowon is ousted and replaced with Murtala Mohammed.
1976 Nigerian coup d'état attempt (1976)	Military government Supreme Military Council (SMC)	Armed Forces faction	Coup fails. Murtala Mohammed is assassinated and succeeded by Olusegun Obasanjo.

Civil War (1967–1970)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970)	Nigeria  Egypt  United States  United Kingdom	Biafra  Portugal  France	Victory Reincorporation of Biafra into Nigeria
Operation UNICORD (1967)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Midwest Invasion of 1967 (1967)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Fall of Enugu (1967)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Second Invasion of Onitsha (1968)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Abagana Ambush (1968)	Nigeria	Biafra	Indecisive
Invasion of Port Harcourt (1968)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Operation OAU (1968)	Nigeria	Biafra	Defeat
Operation Hiroshima (1968)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Siege of Owerri (1968–1969)	Nigeria	Biafra	Defeat
Operation Leopard (1969) (1969)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory
Invasion of Umuahia (1969)	Nigeria	Biafra	Victory

Second Nigerian Republic (1977–1991)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Shaba I (1977)	Zaire  Morocco  Egypt  France  Belgium Supported by:  United States  China Sudan  Nigeria	Front for the National Liberation of the Congo (FNLC) Supported by: Angola  East Germany  Soviet Union	Victory FNLC expelled from Shaba
1983 Nigerian coup d'état (1983)	Nigeria	Chad	Coup succeeds The ousting of the democratically elected government of President Shehu Shagari
Chadian–Nigerian War (1983)	Nigeria	Chad	Victory
1985 Nigerian coup d'état (1985)	Military government Supreme Military Council (SMC)	Armed Forces faction Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC)	Coup succeeds
First Liberian Civil War (1990–1997)	Liberia ULIMO ECOMOG	NPFL INPFL	Indecisive (ECOMOG mission successful)[2] Elections held, Charles Taylor becomes President.

Third Nigerian Republic (1993–1999)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Sierra Leone Civil War (1993–2002)	Sierra Leone ECOMOG  United Kingdom UNAMSIL	RUF NPFL AFRC	Victory Lomé Peace Accord Defeat of the Revolutionary United Front
1998 Monrovia clashes (1998)	Johnson's forces (ex-ULIMO-J) Limited involvement:  Nigeria  United States	Liberian government (Taylor loyalists)	Stalemate

Fourth Nigerian Republic (1999–present)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)	Algeria  Mauritania  Tunisia  Libya  Mali MINUSMA[3] (from 2013)  Nigeria AFISMA[4] (from 2013)  Niger[5]  Chad[3]  France[3][6][7]	GSPC (until 2007) AQIM (from 2007) Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (from 2017) MOJWA (2011–13) Al-Mourabitoun (2013–17) Ansar Dine (2012–17) Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia) (from 2011)[8] Uqba ibn Nafi Brigade (from 2012)[9] Ansar al-Sharia (Libya) (2012–17) Salafia Jihadia[10] Boko Haram (from 2006, part of ISIL since 2015)[11][12]  Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2014) Libyan Provinces Wilayat Gharb Ifriqiyyah Wilayat al-Jazair	Ongoing
Conflict in the Niger Delta (2004–Present)	Nigeria	MEND NDPVF NDLF	Ongoing Amnesty agreement in 2009
Operation Juniper Shield (2007-Present)	Algeria  Morocco Mauritania Tunisia Burkina Faso  Chad  Mali  Niger Nigeria  Senegal Supported & Trained By: United States Canada [13][14][15] France[13][16] Germany[13] Netherlands[13] Spain[13][17]  United Kingdom[18][19]	al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (2007–present) Ansar Dine (2012–17) Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (2017–present) Supported By: Boko Haram (2009–15) MOJWA (2011–13) ISIL Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (2015–present)[20]	Ongoing
Somali Civil War (2009–present)	Somalia  United States  United Kingdom AMISOM  Nigeria (from 2010)  Kenya	Al-Shabaab Hizbul Islam Islamic State in Somalia Supported by:  Eritrea	Ongoing
Boko Haram insurgency (2009–present)	Nigeria  Cameroon  Chad  Niger	Boko Haram Ansaru	Ongoing
Northern Mali conflict (2012–present)	France  Mali  China[21]  Benin  Ghana  Cape Verde  Gambia  Ghana[22]  Guinea[23]  Guinea-Bissau[24]  Ivory Coast[23]  Liberia[25]  Niger[26]  Nigeria[27]  Sierra Leone[28]  Senegal[27]  Togo[29]  Chad[30]  Burundi[31]  Gabon[32]  South Africa[33]  Rwanda[33]  Tanzania[33]  Uganda[34]  Germany[35]	ISIL Ansar al-Sharia Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin	Ongoing
Operation Serval part of 2012 Northern Mali conflict and the War on Terror (2013–2014)	Mali  France  Nigeria  Sierra Leone  Poland MNLA	Islamic militants MOJWA AQIM Ansar Dine	Victory
Military intervention against ISIL (2014–present)	United States  United Kingdom  Iraq Syria  Australia  Belgium  Canada  Denmark  France  Germany  Italy  Netherlands  New Zealand  Norway  Portugal  Spain  Turkey  Bahrain  Jordan  Morocco  Qatar  Saudi Arabia  United Arab Emirates  Egypt  Libya  Nigeria  Cameroon  Chad  Niger  Russia	Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Boko Haram al-Nusra Front Khorasan Ahrar ash-Sham	Ongoing
Invasion of the Gambia (2017)	Senegal  Nigeria  Ghana  Mali  Togo Coalition 2016	Gambia MFDC	Victory Yahya Jammeh steps down peacefully, minimal combat between the two sides.

Peace agreements

Peace agreements signed

• Banjul III Agreement (1990-10-24)
• Bamako Ceasefire Agreement (1990-11-28)
• Banjul IV Agreement (1990-12-21)
• Lomé Agreement (1991-02-13)
• Yamoussoukro IV Peace Agreement (1991-10-30)
• Geneva Agreement 1992 (1992-04-07)
• Cotonou Peace Agreement (1993-07-25)
• Akosombo Peace Agreement (1994-09-12)
• Accra Agreements/Akosombo clarification agreement (1994-12-21)
• Abuja Peace Agreement (1995-08-19)

See also

• Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)

References

1. "East African Campaign".
2. "The Ecomog Experience with Peacekeeping in West Africa – Whither Peacekeeping in Africa? – Monograph No 36, 1999." Archived 2015-01-02 at the Wayback Machine Accessed January 29, 2016.
   • Despite the often discouraging prospects, the ECOMOG operation was ultimately successful for several reasons. The first was the sheer political will and tenacity of ECOWAS. The organisation did not have the option of cutting and running, for reasons that were as much self-interested as humanitarian. The second was the ability to combine three phases of conflict resolution: peacekeeping, peacemaking, and peace enforcement, thereby changing mandates of forces in the field as developments on the ground required (a flexibility due, ironically, to the autonomy enjoyed by the military command and as a result of the weak control exercised by the ECOWAS directorate).
3. "Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)". Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
5. "Niger army hunts for Al-Qaeda after clash". AFP. 15 June 2011.
6. "4600 soldats français mobilisés". Ledauphine.com. 2013-01-31. Retrieved 2013-11-22.
8. "Exporting Jihad". The New Yorker. 28 March 2016.
9. Aaron Y. Zelin, Andrew Lebovich, Daveed Gartenstein-Ross (July 23, 2013). "Al-Qa`ida in the Islamic Maghreb's Tunisia Strategy". Combating Terrorism Center.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
10. "Tipping point of terror". The Guardian. 4 April 2004.
12. "Niger attacked by both al-Qaeda and Boko Haram". BBC News. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
13. "Flintlock 11 Kicks off February 21 in Senegal". AFRICOM. 3 February 2011. Archived from the original on 24 December 2012.
14. "Canada Sends Special Forces to Aid African Al-Qaida Fight". Montreal Gazette. 2 December 2011. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012.
16. "French Hostage Executed after raid on Al-Qaeda base". France 24 news. 26 July 2011. Archived from the original on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
17. "Police in Spain arrest 5 suspected of financing terrorists". CNN. 27 September 2011. Archived from the original on 31 October 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
18. "US Starts Anti-Al-Qaeda Military Exercise in Sahara". BBC. 3 May 2010. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
19. "Britain Signals Maghreb Push with Anti-Terror Help". Reuters Africa. 18 October 2011. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
20. "Islamic State in Greater Sahara (ISGS) / Islamic State in the Sahara (ISS) / Islamic State in Burkina Faso & Mali (ISISBM)". Terrorism Research and Analysis Consortium. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
21. "Chinese army soldiers conduct first mission as peacekeepers in Mali 1612131 – Army Recognition". Armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
22. "Ghana agrees to send troops to Mali". Ghana Business News. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
23. "Mali conflict: West African troops to arrive 'in days'". Mali conflict: West African troops to arrive 'in days'. 15 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
24. "APA – Int'l Support Mission for Mali to begin operations on Friday". APA. 18 January 2013. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
25. "Ellen: Liberia Will Send Troops to Mali for Peace Mission – Heritage Newspaper Liberia". News.heritageliberia.net. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
26. Irish, John (12 January 2013). "Niger says sending 500 soldiers to Mali operation". Reuters. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
27. Felix, Bate (11 January 2013). "Mali says Nigeria, Senegal, France providing help". Reuters. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
28. "Aid Pledged to Mali as More Troops Deploy". Wall Street Journal. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
29. "Les djihadistes s'emparent d'une ville à 400 km de Bamako" (in French). Retrieved 14 January 2013.
30. "Chad to send 2000 soldiers to Mali". Courier Mail. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
31. "AU to hold donor conference on Mali intervention". Africa Review. 18 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
32. "WPR Article | Global Insider: Despite Early Successes, France's Mali Challenge is Long-Term". Worldpoliticsreview.com. 8 March 2004. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
33. "Five more African countries pledge to send troops into Mali: Nigerian minister". NZweek. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
34. "Forces capture Gao rebel stronghold – World News". TVNZ. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
35. http://www.dw.com/en/bundeswehr-in-mali-dangerous-but-necessary/a-37321264