List of theoretical physicists

The following is a partial list of notable physics theorists, those who are recognized in theoretical physics. Arranged by century of birth, then century of death, then year of birth. For explanation of symbols, see Notes at end of this article.

Ancient times

Thales (c. 624 – c. 546 BCE)
Pythagoras^* (c. 570 – c. 495 BCE)
Democritus° (c. 460 – c. 370 BCE)
Aristotle (384–322 BCE)
Archimedesº* (c. 287 – c. 212 BCE)
Hypatia^ªº (c. 350–370; died 415 AD)

Middle Ages

Ibn al-Haytham (c. 965 – c.1040)
Al Beruni (c. 973 – c. 1048)
Omar Khayyám (c. 1048 – c. 1131)
Al Farabi (c. 872 – c. 950)
Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201–1274)
Sigismondo Polcastro (1384–1473)

15th–16th century

Nicolaus Copernicusº (1473–1543)

16th century and 16th–17th centuries

Gerolamo Cardano (1501–1576)
Tycho Brahe (1546–1601)
Giordano Bruno (1548–1600)
Galileo Galileiº* (1564–1642)
Johannes Keplerº (1571–1630)
Benedetto Castelli (1578–1643)
René Descartes‡^ (1596–1650)
Bonaventura Cavalieri (1598–1647)

17th century

Pierre de Fermat (1607–1665)
Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647)
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608–1679)
Blaise Pascal^ (1623–1662)
Erhard Weigel (1625–1699)
Christiaan Huygens^ (1629–1695)

17th–18th centuries

Vincenzo Viviani (1622–1703)
Isaac Newton^*º (1642–1727)
Gottfried Leibniz^ (1646–1716)
Jacob Bernoulli (1655–1705)
Edmond Halley (1656–1742)
Luigi Guido Grandi (1671–1742)
Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan (1678–1771)
Pierre Louis Maupertuis (1698–1759)
Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782)

18th century

Leonhard Euler^ (1707–1783)
Vincenzo Riccati (1707–1785)
Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765)
Laura Bassiª* (1711–1778)
Roger Joseph Boscovich (1711–1787)
Alexis Clairaut (1713–1765)
Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717–1783)

18th–19th centuries

Franz Aepinus (1724–1802)
Henry Cavendish (1731–1810)
Joseph Lagrange^º (1736–1813)
Charles Coulomb (1736–1806)
Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827)
Jurij Vega (1754–1802)
John Dalton^ (1766–1844)
Joseph Fourier^ (1768–1830)
Thomas Young‡* (1773–1829)
Jean-Baptiste Biot (1774–1862)
Étienne-Louis Malus (1775–1812)
André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836)
Carl Friedrich Gauss^ (1777–1855)
Siméon Denis Poisson (1781–1840)
Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana (1781–1864)
Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784–1846)
Claude-Louis Navier (1785–1836)
François Arago (1786–1853)
Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1788–1827)
Georg Ohm (1789–1854)
Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789–1857)
Félix Savart (1791–1841)
Ottaviano-Fabrizio Mossotti (1791–1863)
Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis (1792–1843)
George Green^ (1793–1841)
Michel Chasles (1793–1880)
Gabrio Piola (1794–1850)
Gabriel Lamé (1795–1870)
Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (1796–1832)
Nikolai Brashman (1796–1866)
Andreas von Ettingshausen (1796–1878)
Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille (1797–1869)
Franz Ernst Neumann (1798–1895)
Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron (1799–1864)

19th century

Mikhail Ostrogradsky (1801–1862)
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi (1804–1851)
Viktor Bunyakovsky (1804–1889)
William Hamilton^º (1805–1865)
Samuel Earnshaw (1805–1888)
Julius Weisbach (1806–1871)
Joseph Liouville (1809–1882)
Auguste Bravais (1811–1863)
Osip Ivanovich Somov (1815–1876)
Charles-Eugène Delaunay (1816–1872)
William John Macquorn Rankine (1820–1872)
Hermann von Helmholtz‡† (1821–1894)
Pafnuty Chebyshev (1821–1894)
August Krönig (1822–1879)
Rudolf Clausius (1822–1888)
August Davidov (1823–1885)
Gustav Kirchhoff (1824–1887)
Bernhard Riemann (1826–1866)
Ludvig Lorenz (1829–1891)
James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)
Johann Bauschinger (1834–1893)
Josef Stefan (1835–1893)
Sofia Kovalevskaya (1850–1891)
Pierre Henri Hugoniot (1851–1887)
Heinrich Hertz* (1857–1894)

19th–20th centuries

Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet (1819–1903)
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin* (1824–1907)
Johannes Diderik van der Waals (1837–1923)
George William Hill (1838–1914)
Ernst Mach (1838–1916)
Viktor von Lang (1838–1921)
J. Willard Gibbs†^ (1839–1903)
Ernst Abbe (1840–1905)
Osborne Reynolds (1842–1912)
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh (1842–1919)
Joseph Valentin Boussinesq (1842–1929)
Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906)
Nikolay Umov (1846–1915)
Nikolay Zhukovsky (1847–1921)
Diederik Korteweg (1848–1941)
Horace Lamb (1849–1934)
Woldemar Voigt (1850–1919)
Oliver Heaviside (1850–1925)
Jacobus Kapteyn (1851–1922)
Arthur Schuster (1851–1934)
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (1852–1911)
John Henry Poynting (1852–1914)
Orest Khvolson (1852–1934)
Hendrik Lorentz (1853–1928)
Henri Poincaré (1854–1912)
Alfred Barnard Basset (1854–1930)
Emil Cohn (1854–1944)
Max Margules (1856–1920)
Carl Runge (1856–1927)
Anatole Leduc (1856–1937)
Aleksandr Lyapunov (1857–1918)
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (1857–1935)
Joseph Larmor (1857–1942)
Max Planck (1858–1947)
Karl Heun (1859–1929)
Pierre Duhem (1861–1916)
Emil Wiechert (1861–1928)
Paul Drude (1863–1906)
Arthur Gordon Webster (1863–1923)
Vladimir Steklov (1864–1926)
Hermann Minkowski (1864–1909)
Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928)
Walther Nernst (1864–1941)
Pierre Weiss (1865–1940)
Pieter Zeeman (1865–1943)
Jacques Hadamard (1865–1963)
Gustav de Vries (1866–1934)
Martin Kutta (1867–1944)
Arnold Sommerfeld (1868–1951)
Gustav Mie (1868–1957)
Sergey Chaplygin (1869–1942)
Nikolai Kasterin (1869–1947)
Alfred-Marie Liénard (1869–1958)
Louis Bachelier (1870–1946)
Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937)
Émile Jouguet (1871–1943)
Boris Galerkin (1871–1945)
Martin Knudsen (1871–1949)
Émile Borel (1871–1956)
Marian Smoluchowski (1872–1917)
Paul Langevin (1872–1946)
Ludwik Silberstein (1872–1948)
Théophile de Donder (1872–1957)
Karl Schwarzschild (1873–1916)
Alfred Robb (1873–1936)
E. T. Whittaker (1873–1956)
Friedrich Hasenöhrl (1874–1915)
Vagn Walfrid Ekman (1874–1954)
Gilbert N. Lewis (1875–1946)
Ludwig Prandtl (1875–1953)
Tatyana Ehrenfest-Afanaseva (1876–1964)
James Jeans° (1877–1946)
Eduard Grüneisen (1877–1949)
Walther Ritz (1878–1909)
Marcel Grossmann (1878–1936)
Stephen Timoshenko (1878–1972)
Leonid Mandelstam (1879–1944)
Carl Wilhelm Oseen (1879–1944)
Albert Einsteinº (1879–1955)
Nikolay Krylov (1879–1955)
Max von Laue (1879–1960)
Otto Sackur (1880–1914)
Paul Ehrenfest (1880–1933)
Leonard Ornstein (1880–1941)
Nikolai Dmitrievich Papaleksi (1880–1947)
Abram Ioffe (1880–1960)
Gunnar Nordström (1881–1923)
Jun Ishiwara (1881–1947)
Walter Rogowski (1881–1947)
Richard Tolman° (1881–1948)
Gustav Herglotz (1881–1953)
Irving Langmuir (1881–1957)
Theodore von Kármán (1881–1963)
Erwin Madelung (1881–1972)
Arthur Eddington (1882–1944)
Emmy Noether^ª (1882–1935)
Max Born (1882–1970)
Paul Sophus Epstein (1883–1966)
Francis Dominic Murnaghan (1883–1976)
Ludwig Hopf (1884–1939)
Arthur Erich Haas (1884–1941)
George David Birkhoff (1884–1944)
David Enskog (1884–1947)
Peter Debye (1884–1966)
Vsevolod Frederiks (1885–1944)
Naum Idelson (1885–1951)
Theodor Kaluza (1885–1954)
Hermann Weyl (1885–1955)
Niels Bohr (1885–1962)
Victor Robertovich Bursian (1886–1945)
Rudolf Seeliger (1886–1965)
Paul Lévy (1886–1971)
Geoffrey Taylor (1886–1975)
Richard Becker (1887–1955)
Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961)
Charles Galton Darwin (1887–1962)
Adriaan Fokker (1887–1972)
Erich Kretschmann (1887–1973)
Hendrika Johanna van Leeuwen (1887–1974)
Alexander Weinstein (1887–1979)
Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff (1887–1994)
Alexander Friedmann (1888–1925)
Viktor Trkal (1888–1956)
Walther Kossel (1888–1956)
Wilhelm Lenz (1888–1957)
Frits Zernike (1888–1966)
Sydney Chapman (1888–1970)
Joseph Proudman (1888–1975)
Alfred Landé (1888–1976)
Hans Thirring (1888–1976)
Paul Peter Ewald (1888–1985)
Ralph H. Fowler (1889–1944)
Léon Brillouin (1889–1969)
Wojciech Rubinowicz (1889–1974)
Harry Nyquist (1889–1976)
Edwin C. Kemble (1889–1984)
Yoshio Nishina (1890–1951)
Yurii Aleksandrovich Krutkov (1890–1952)
Arthur March (1891–1957)
Michael Polanyi (1891–1976)
Harold Jeffreys (1891–1989)
Arthur Holly Compton (1892–1962)
Karl Herzfeld (1892–1978)
Louis de Broglie (1892–1987)
Walter Gordon (1893–1939)
Meghnad Saha (1893–1956)
Erwin Fues (1893–1970)
Cornelius Lanczos (1893–1974)
Adolf Kratzer (1893–1983)
Aleksandr Khinchin (1894–1959)
Georges Lemaître (1894–1966)
John Lennard-Jones (1894–1954)
Hans Kramers (1894–1952)
Satyendra Nath Bose (1894–1974)
Yakov Frenkel (1894–1952)
Norbert Wiener (1894–1964)
Oskar Klein (1894–1977)
Hugo Tetrode (1895–1931)
Karel Niessen (1895–1967)
Igor Tamm (1895–1971)
Vasily Vladimirovich Shuleikin (1895–1979)
Jan Burgers (1895–1981)
Aldo Pontremoli (1896–1928)
Boris Podolsky (1896–1966)
Erich Hückel (1896–1980)
Nikolay Semyonov (1896–1986)
Friedrich Hund (1896–1997)
Douglas Hartree (1897–1958)
Ivan Stranski (1897–1979)
Ali Moustafa Mosharafa (1898–1950)
Ronald Wilfred Gurney (1898–1953)
Leó Szilárd (1898–1964)
Leopold Infeld (1898–1968)
Vladimir Fock (1898–1974)
Yakov Dorfman (1898–1974)
Gregor Wentzel (1898–1978)
Isidor Isaac Rabi (1898–1988)
Ivar Waller (1898–1991)
Theodor Sexl (1899–1967)
Edmund Clifton Stoner (1899–1968)
John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (1899–1980)
Gregory Breit (1899–1981)
Otto Halpern (1899–1982)
Lothar Wolfgang Nordheim (1899–1985)
Pelageya Polubarinova-Kochina (1899–1999)
Fritz London (1900–1954)
Wolfgang Pauli (1900–1958)
William V. Houston (1900–1968)
John C. Slater (1900–1976)
Mikhail Lavrentyev (1900–1980)
George Eugene Uhlenbeck (1900–1988)
Lev Gerasimovich Loitsyanskii (1900–1991)
Ernst Ising (1900–1998)

20th century

Nikolai Kochin (1901–1944)
Aleksandr Andronov (1901–1952)
Enrico Fermi* (1901–1954)
Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976)
Werner Braunbeck (1901–1977)
Anatoliy Lure (1901–1980)
Karl Bechert (1901–1981)
Henry Eyring (1901–1981)
Grete Hermann (1901–1984)
Yuri Rumer (1901–1985)
Edwin Albrecht Uehling (1901–1985)
Linus Pauling (1901–1994)
William Allis (1901–1999)
Alexander A. Witt (1902–1938)
Otto Laporte (1902–1971)
Carl Eckart (1902–1973)
Edward Condon (1902–1974)
Samuel Abraham Goudsmit (1902–1978)
Pascual Jordan (1902–1980)
Paul Dirac (1902–1984)
Alfred Kastler (1902–1984)
Eugene Wigner (1902–1995)
Hans Hellmann (1903–1938)
John von Neumann (1903–1957)
Howard P. Robertson (1903–1961)
Lars Onsager (1903–1976)
Jacques Yvon (1903–1979)
Helmut Hönl (1903–1981)
Mikhail Leontovich (1903–1981)
Philip M. Morse (1903–1985)
Andrey Kolmogorov (1903–1987)
Guido Beck (1903–1988)
Sydney Goldstein (1903–1989)
Llewellyn Thomas (1903–1992)
Bartel Leendert van der Waerden (1903–1996)
Bertha Swirles (1903–1999)
Meredith Gwynne Evans (1904–1952)
Robert Oppenheimer* (1904–1967)
George Gamow‡° (1904–1968)
Ilya Kibel (1904–1970)
Léon Rosenfeld (1904–1974)
Otto Robert Frisch (1904–1979)
Christian Møller (1904–1980)
Walter Heitler (1904–1981)
Joseph Edward Mayer (1904–1983)
Lev Gurevich (1904–1990)
Dmitri Ivanenko (1904–1994)
Ralph Kronig (1904–1995)
Yulii Khariton (1904–1996)
Louis Néel (1904–2000)
George Placzek (1905–1955)
Felix Bloch (1905–1983)
Ernst Stueckelberg (1905–1984)
Herbert Fröhlich (1905–1991)
Clarence Zener (1905–1993)
Nevill Francis Mott (1905–1996)
Matvei Bronstein (1906–1938)
Ettore Majorana (1906–1938)
Maria Goeppert-Mayerª (1906–1972)
Eugene Feenberg (1906–1977)
Sin-Itiro Tomonaga (1906–1979)
William Houlder Zachariasen (1906–1979)
Fritz Sauter (1906–1983)
Alan Herries Wilson (1906–1995)
John Gamble Kirkwood (1907–1959)
J. Hans D. Jensen (1907–1973)
Hermann Arthur Jahn (1907–1979)
Dmitrii Blokhintsev (1907–1979)
Hideki Yukawa (1907–1981)
Rudolf Peierls (1907–1995)
Leonid I. Sedov (1907–1999)
Wu Ta-You (1907–2000)
Felix Gantmacher (1908–1964)
Lev Landau (1908–1968)
Anatoly Vlasov (1908–1975)
Lyubomir Krastanov (1908–1977)
Șerban Țițeica (1908–1985)
Valentine Bargmann (1908–1989)
Ilya Frank (1908–1990)
John Bardeen (1908–1991)
Milton S. Plesset (1908–1991)
Moisey Markov (1908–1994)
Josef Meixner (1908–1994)
Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995)
Viktor Ambartsumian (1908–1996)
Mikhail Elyashevich (1908–1996)
Sergei Mikhailovich Rytov (1908–1996)
Hans Euler (1909–1941)
Stanislaw Ulam (1909–1984)
Friedrich Bopp (1909–1987)
William Penney, Baron Penney (1909–1991)
Nikolay Bogolyubov (1909–1992)
Gian Carlo Wick (1909–1992)
Nathan Rosen (1909–1995)
Richard Duffin (1909–1996)
Ratip Berker (1909–1997)
Robert Serber (1909–1997)
Hendrik Casimir (1909–2000)
David A. Frank-Kamenetskii (1910–1970)
Aleksei Zinovyevich Petrov (1910–1972)
Charles Coulson (1910–1974)
Tjalling Koopmans (1910–1985)
Arseny Sokolov (1910–1986)
Anatolii Dorodnitsyn (1910–1994)
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1910–1995)
Vasiliy S. Fursov (1910–1998)
José Enrique Moyal (1910–1998)
Sergei Vonsovsky (1910–1998)
Tatiana Kontorova (1911–1977)
Mstislav Keldysh (1911–1978)
Gregory Hugh Wannier (1911–1983)
Klaus Fuchs (1911–1988)
Paul Weiss (1911–1991)
Arkady Migdal (1911–1991)
Walter Franz (1911–1992)
Nicholas Kemmer (1911–1998)
Aleksander Akhiezer (1911–2000)
William Alfred Fowler (1911–1995)
Heinrich Welker (1912–1981)
Mikhail Volkenshtein (1912–1992)
Konrad Bleuler (1912–1992)
Alexander Davydov (1912–1993)
Siegfried Flügge (1912–1997)
Aleksandr Aleksandrov (1912–1999)
Sidney Dancoff (1913–1951)
Isaak Pomeranchuk (1913–1966)
Vladimir Borisovich Berestetskii (1913–1977)
Boris Stepanov (1913–1987)
Frederik Belinfante (1913–1991)
Bruno Pontecorvo (1913–1993)
Alexander Kompaneets (1914–1974)
Henry Primakoff (1914–1983)
Mark Kac (1914–1984)
Yakov Zeldovich (1914–1987)
Bernard Lippmann (1914–1988)
Lyman Spitzer (1914–1997)
George Michael Volkoff (1914–2000)
Leonard I. Schiff (1915–1971)
Ely Eugene Bell (1915–1973)
Theodore Holstein (1915–1985)
Evgeny Lifshitz (1915–1985)
Oleg Firsov (1915–1998)
Leonid Biberman (1915–1998)
Nicholas Metropolis (1915–1999)
John D. Eshelby (1916–1981)
Elliott Waters Montroll (1916–1983)
Iosif Shklovsky (1916–1985)
Kirill Petrovich Stanyukovich (1916–1989)
Robert Marshak (1916–1992)
Kirill Tolpygo (1916–1994)
Robert Dicke (1916–1997)
Robert G. Sachs (1916–1999)
Per-Olov Löwdin (1916–2000)
Imre Fényes (1917–1977)
Ilya Lifshitz (1917–1982)
Yevgeny Zababakhin (1917–1984)
Solomon Pekar (1917–1985)
James Rainwater (1917–1986)
Veniamin Levich (1917–1987)
Yurii Perlin (1917–1990)
David Bohm (1917–1992)
Dmitry Zubarev (1917–1992)
Yakov Smorodinskii (1917–1992)
Herman Feshbach (1917–2000)
Richard Feynman (1918–1988)
Res Jost (1918–1990)
Julian Schwinger (1918–1994)
Kirill Gurov (1918–1994)
Harold Hopkins (1918–1994)
Irving Segal (1918–1998)
James Hamilton (1918–2000)
Abraham Pais (1918–2000)
Herbert Callen (1919–1993)
Julius Ashkin (1920–1982)
Ryogo Kubo (1920–1995)
Herbert S. Green (1920–1999)
Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989)
Igor Ternov (1921–1996)
Feza Gürsey (1921–1992)
Sergei Tyablikov (1921–1968)
Melville S. Green (1922–1979)
Lawrence Biedenharn (1922–1996)
Jens Lindhard (1922–1997)
Claude Bloch (1923–1971)
Kurt Symanzik (1923–1983)
Harold Grad (1923–1986)
Joaquin Mazdak Luttinger (1923–1997)
Gregory Pikus (1923–1998)
Louis Michel (1923–1999)
Victor M. Galitskii (1924–1981)
Léon Van Hove (1924–1990)
Gregory Garibian (1924–1991)
Juan José Giambiagi (1924–1996)
Harry Lehmann (1924–1998)
Efim Fradkin (1924–1999)
John Clive Ward (1924–2000)
Sam Treiman (1925–1999)
Stig Lundqvist (1925–2000)
Gunnar Källén (1926–1968)
Eugene P. Gross (1926–1991)
Abdus Salam (1926–1996)
David Abramovich Kirzhnits (1926–1998)
Dennis Sciama (1926–1999)
Aneesur Rahman (1927–1987)
Yuri Yappa (1927–1998)
Rolf Landauer (1927–1999)
Robert Mills (1927–1999)
John Stewart Bell (1928–1990)
Richard E. Cutkosky (1928–1993)
Gurgen Askaryan (1928–1997)
Mikhail Krivoglaz (1929–1988)
David Klyshko (1929–2000)
Viktor Kovarskii (1929–2000)
Hugh Everett (1930–1982)
Ruslan Stratonovich (1930–1997)
Vladimir Gribov (1930–1997)
John Hubbard (1931–1980)
Felix Berezin (1931–1980)
Revaz Dogonadze (1931–1985)
Emanuil Kaner (1931–1986)
Luciano Fonda (1931–1998)
Igor Kobzarev (1932–1991)
J. J. Sakurai (1933–1982)
Leopoldo Máximo Falicov (1933–1995)
Alexey Andreevich Anselm (1934–1998)
Vadim Berezinskii (1935–1980)
Peter A. Carruthers (1935–1997)
Victor Popov (1937–1994)
Claude Itzykson (1938–1995)
Roger Dashen (1938–1995)
Arkady Aronov (1939–1994)
Michael Marinov (1939–2000)
Herbert H. Chen (1942–1987)
Dan Walls (1942–1999)
Elizabeth Gardner (1957–1988)
Vadim Knizhnik (1962–1987)

20th–21st century

Hans Bethe° (1906–2005)
Melba Phillips (1907–2004)
László Tisza (1907–2009)
Victor Weisskopf (1908–2002)
Edward Teller (1908–2003)
Werner Romberg (1909–2003)
Leslie Howarth (1911–2001)
John Wheeler (1911–2008)
Frederick Seitz (1911–2008)
Ugo Fano (1912–2001)
Evgenii Feinberg (1912–2005)
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker (1912–2007)
Harald Keres (1912–2010)
Maurice Pryce (1913–2003)
Willis Lamb (1913–2008)
Conyers Herring (1914–2009)
Anatole Abragam (1914–2011)
David Turnbull (1915–2007)
Ivan Supek (1915–2007)
Charles H. Townes (1915–2015)
Jan Korringa (1915–2015)
Harold Neville Vazeille Temperley (1915–2017)
Alexey Bonch-Bruevich (1916–2006)
Frank Nabarro (1916–2006)
Vitaly Ginzburg (1916–2009)
Charles Kittel (1916–2019)
Ilya Prigogine (1917–2003)
Yurii Mitropolskiy (1917–2008)
Morikazu Toda (1917–2010)
Arthur Iberall (1918–2002)
Theodore A. Welton (1918–2010)
Clemens C. J. Roothaan (1918–2019)
Dirk ter Haar (1919–2002)
Huang Kun (1919–2005)
Hermann Bondi (1919–2005)
Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky (1919–2007)
Peter Westervelt (1919–2015)
Isaak Khalatnikov (born 1919)
Brian Pippard (1920–2008)
Cyril Domb (1920–2012)
James Bruce French (1921–2002)
Felix Villars (1921–2002)
Akiva Yaglom (1921–2007)
Ostap Parasyuk (1921–2007)
Francis E. Low (1921–2007)
Andrew M. Gleason (1921–2008)
Albert Messiah (1921–2013)
Nico van Kampen (1921–2013)
Eugen Merzbacher (1921–2013)
Takeo Matsubara (1921–2014)
Jacques Friedel (1921–2014)
Moisei Isaakovich Kaganov (1921–2014)
Yoichiro Nambu (1921–2015)
Peter Mazur (1922–2001)
Melvin Lax (1922–2002)
Behram Kurşunoğlu (1922–2003)
William Cochran (1922–2003)
Karen Ter-Martirosian (1922–2005)
Herbert Goldstein (1922–2005)
Aage Bohr (1922–2009)
Arthur Wightman (1922–2013)
Marvin Leonard Goldberger (1922–2014)
Rudolf Haag (1922–2016)
Otfried Madelung (1922–2017)
Emil Wolf (1922–2018)
Yang Chen-Ning (born 1922)
Bryce DeWitt (1923–2004)
Peter A. Wolff (1923–2013)
Bruno Zumino (1923–2014)
Walter Kohn (1923–2016)
H. Pierre Noyes (1923–2016)
Spartak Belyaev (1923–2017)
Freeman Dyson (1923–2020)
Philip Warren Anderson (1923-2020)
Laurie Brown (born 1923)
Yuri L. Klimontovich (1924–2002)
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri (1924–2005)
Evan O'Neill Kane (1924–2006)
Edwin Ernest Salpeter (1924–2008)
Frank Buff (1924–2009)
Benoit Mandelbrot (1924–2010)
Yasushi Takahashi (1924–2013)
Keith Brueckner (1924–2014)
David Pines (1924–2018)
Geoffrey Chew (1924–2019)
Yuri Orlov (born 1924)
Nicolaas Marinus Hugenholtz (born 1924)
Suraj N. Gupta (born 1924)
John Pople (1925–2004)
Ted Taylor (1925–2004)
John Ziman (1925–2005)
Renfrey Potts (1925–2005)
Martin David Kruskal (1925–2006)
Yuval Ne'eman (1925–2006)
Albert Overhauser (1925–2011)
Martin Gutzwiller (1925–2014)
Norman Rostoker (1925–2014)
John David Jackson (1925–2016)
Roy J. Glauber (1925–2018)
George G. Hall (1925–2018)
Toichiro Kinoshita (born 1925)
Nándor Balázs (1926–2003)
Erdal İnönü (1926–2007)
Karl Rebane (1926–2007)
Nikolai Borisovich Delone (1926–2008)
Vladimir Y. Fainberg (1926–2010)
Anatoly Logunov (1926–2015)
Sidney Drell (1926–2016)
Viktor P. Silin (1926–2019)
Tsung-Dao Lee (born 1926)
Ben Roy Mottelson (born 1926)
Boris Ioffe (born 1926)
Kenneth W. Ford (born 1926)
Jerome K. Percus (born 1926)
Walter Thirring (1927–2014)
Michel Baranger (1927–2014)
Cyrano de Dominicis (1927–2017)
Elihu Abrahams (1927–2018)
Michael Woolfson (1927–2019)
Murray Gerstenhaber (born 1927)
Emmanuel Rashba (born 1927)
Yuri Raizer (born 1927)
Hermann Haken (born 1927)
Vladimir I. Ritus (born 1927)
Arnold Kosevich (1928–2006)
Vladimir I. Perel (1928–2007)
Boris Chirikov (1928–2008)
Robert Kraichnan (1928–2008)
Reinhard Oehme (1928–2010)
Robert Brout (1928–2011)
Richard Arnowitt (1928–2014)
Samuel Edwards (1928–2015)
Abner Shimony (1928–2015)
Kerson Huang (1928–2016)
John W. Cahn (1928–2016)
Stephen Gasiorowicz (1928–2016)
Stanley Mandelstam (1928–2016)
Dmitry Shirkov (1928–2016)
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (1928–2017)
Roger Elliott (1928–2018)
Louis A. Girifalco (1928–2018)
Yurii Kagan (1928–2019)
Isaac Bersuker (born 1928)
Tatiana Birshtein (born 1928)
Jürgen Ehlers (1929–2008)
Franco Bassani (1929–2008)
Vitaly Shafranov (1929–2014)
Lev Okun (1929–2015)
Lev Gor'kov (1929–2016)
David Finkelstein (1929–2016)
Norman Zabusky (1929–2018)
Murray Gell-Mann (1929–2019)
Peter Higgs (born 1929)
Vladimir Moiseevich Agranovich (born 1929)
Friedwardt Winterberg (born 1929)
Asoke Nath Mitra (born 1929)
Kurt Gottfried (born 1929)
Semyon Gershtein (born 1929)
Antonino Zichichi (born 1929)
George B. Field (born 1929)
Ezra T. Newman (born 1929)
Lars Hedin (1930–2002)
Albert Tavkhelidze (1930–2010)
Riazuddin (1930–2013)
Raymond Stora (1930–2015)
Marvin D. Girardeau (1930–2015)
Mildred Dresselhaus (1930–2017)
George Herbert Weiss (1930–2017)
Leon Cooper (born 1930)
Lawrence Paul Horwitz (born 1930)
Anatoly Nikishov (born 1930)
Viktor Maslov (born 1930)
Volker Heine (born 1930)
Aleksandr Gurevich (born 1930)
Jun Kondo (born 1930)
Walter A. Harrison (born 1930)
Richard M. Weiner (born 1930)
Gerasim Eliashberg (born 1930)
John Clayton Taylor (born 1930)
Martin Karplus (born 1930)
Joel Lebowitz (born 1930)
Richard Liboff (1931–2014)
Tullio Regge (1931–2014)
Leonid Keldysh (1931–2016)
Vladimir Braginsky* (1931–2016)
Paul C. Martin (1931–2016)
George Sudarshan (1931–2018)
Leonid Maksimov (1931–2018)
John Robert Schrieffer (1931–2019)
Loup Verlet (1931–2019)
Martinus Veltman (born 1931)
Roger Penrose (born 1931)
Stanley Deser (born 1931)
Valery Pokrovsky (born 1931)
Polina S. Landa (born 1931)
Igor Dzyaloshinskii (born 1931)
Alexei A. Maradudin (born 1931)
Michael Fisher (born 1931)
Mark Nelkin (born 1931)
Anatoly Larkin (1932–2005)
Radu Bălescu (1932–2006)
H. Dieter Zeh (1932–2018)
Mark Azbel (1932–2020)
François Englert (born 1932)
John R. Klauder (born 1932)
Sheldon Glashow (born 1932)
Yakir Aharonov (born 1932)
Roald Sagdeev (born 1932)
Philippe Nozières (born 1932)
Charles W. Misner (born 1932)
Stuart A. Rice (born 1932)
Alexandr Dykhne (1933–2005)
Moshe Carmeli (1933–2007)
Alexander Alekseevich Vedenov (1933–2008)
Tom Kibble (1933–2016)
Jeffrey Goldstone (born 1933)
Steven Weinberg (born 1933)
Andrzej Trautman (born 1933)
Lev Pitaevskii (born 1933)
John Hopfield (born 1933)
Gerald Harris Rosen (born 1933)
Steven Frautschi (born 1933)
Roger Balian (born 1933)
James Charles Phillips (born 1933)
Julius Wess (1934–2007)
Evgenii Maksimov (1934–2011)
Manuel Cardona (1934–2014)
Marcel Froissart (1934–2015)
Ludvig Faddeev (1934–2017)
Pierre Hohenberg (1934–2017)
David J. Thouless (1934–2019)
Michael Nauenberg (1934–2019)
Hiranmay Sen Gupta (born 1934)
Albert Schwarz (born 1934)
John G. Cramer (born 1934)
Rodney Loudon (born 1934)
Jacques Villain (born 1934)
Lowell Brown (born 1934)
James Bjorken (born 1934)
Miron Amusia (born 1934)
Fred Alan Wolf (born 1934)
George Zaslavsky (1935–2008)
Nicola Cabibbo (1935–2010)
Oktay Sinanoğlu (1935–2015)
Giancarlo Ghirardi (1935–2018)
Askold M. Perelomov (born 1935)
Francesco Calogero (born 1935)
Gordon Baym (born 1935)
Yakov Sinai (born 1935)
Marvin L. Cohen (born 1935)
David Ruelle (born 1935)
Herbert Wagner (born 1935)
Harald J.W. Mueller-Kirsten (born 1935)
N. David Mermin (born 1935)
Carl H. Brans (born 1935)
Hanoch Gutfreund (born 1935)
Evgeny Velikhov (born 1935)
Richard M. Friedberg (born 1935)
Kenneth G. Wilson (1936–2013)
Gerald Guralnik (1936–2014)
Peter Freund (1936–2018)
Rudolf Muradyan (born 1936)
Abdul Qadeer Khan (born 1936)
Werner Ebeling (physicist) (born 1936)
Harold Puthoff (born 1936)
Sidney Coleman (1937–2007)
Vladimir Arnold (1937–2010)
Leo Kadanoff (1937–2015)
Dietrich Kremp (1937–2017)
C. R. Hagen (born 1937)
Iosif Khriplovich (born 1937)
Leonid Pastur (born 1937)
Tung-Mow Yan (born 1937)
Mikhail Petrovich Rekalo (1938–2004)
Balázs Győrffy (1938–2012)
A. P. Balachandran (born 1938)
Anthony James Leggett (born 1938)
Jayant Narlikar (born 1938)
Alexander Animalu (born 1938)
Boris Arbuzov (born 1938)
Peter van Nieuwenhuizen (born 1938)
Neil Ashcroft (born 1938)
Lu Jeu Sham (born 1938)
Vladimir P. Krainov (born 1938)
Vitaly Efimov (born 1938)
Alexei L. Efros (born 1938)
Leonard Parker (born 1938)
Boris Struminsky (1939–2003)
Roger Cowley (1939–2015)
Yoseph Imry (1939–2018)
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini (1939–2019)
Ratko Janev (1939–2019)
Daniel Z. Freedman (born 1939)
Stephen L. Adler (born 1939)
Andrei Slavnov (born 1939)
Pran Nath (born 1939)
Vladimir E. Zakharov (born 1939)
Alexander F. Andreev (born 1939)
James Hartle (born 1939)
Roman Jackiw (born 1939)
Carlo Becchi (born 1939)
Ramamurti Rajaraman (born 1939)
Francisco José Ynduráin (1940–2008)
Alexei Fridman (1940–2010)
Marshall Stoneham (1940–2011)
Lev Lipatov (1940–2017)
Juansher Chkareuli (born 1940)
Haim Harari (born 1940)
Igor Tyutin (born 1940)
Mikhail Dyakonov (born 1940)
John Iliopoulos (born 1940)
Brian David Josephson (born 1940)
Toshihide Maskawa (born 1940)
Stanislav Mikheyev (born 1940)
Leonard Susskind (born 1940)
Kip Thorne (born 1940)
Dmitri Ryutov (born 1940)
Uriel Frisch (born 1940)
Valentin Ivanovich Zakharov (born 1940)
Miguel Ángel Virasoro (born 1940)
Brian Josephson (born 1940)
Eleftherios Economou (born 1940)
Brosl Hasslacher (1941–2005)
Guido Altarelli (1941–2015)
David Gross (born 1941)
Vladimir Belinski (born 1941)
Michael Berry (born 1941)
Luciano Maiani (born 1941)
Holger Bech Nielsen (born 1941)
John Henry Schwarz (born 1941)
Bertrand Halperin (born 1941)
T. V. Ramakrishnan (born 1941)
Thomas Appelquist (born 1941)
Jeffrey Mandula (born 1941)
Stephen Hawking (1942–2018)
Arkady Vainshtein (born 1942)
Victor Sergeevich Fadin (born 1942)
Alexander Belavin (born 1942)
Curtis Callan (born 1942)
David J. Griffiths (born 1942)
Robert Geroch (born 1942)
Alain Rouet (born 1942)
Gabriele Veneziano (born 1942)
Yves Pomeau (born 1942)
Crispin Gardiner (born 1942)
Michael Shur (born 1942)
V. Balakrishnan (born 1943)
Carl M. Bender (born 1943)
Paul Frampton (born 1943)
Richard H. Price (born 1943)
Pierre Ramond (born 1943)
Jean Zinn-Justin (born 1943)
J. Michael Kosterlitz (born 1943)
Rashid Sunyaev (born 1943)
Amnon Aharony (born 1943)
Kurt Binder (born 1944)
Makoto Kobayashi (born 1944)
Rabindra Mohapatra (born 1944)
Boris Shklovskii (born 1944)
Michael Thorpe (born 1944)
Anthony Ichiro Sanda (born 1944)
Alexander Kuzemsky (born 1944)
Sergio Ferrara (born 1945)
Alexander Markovich Polyakov (born 1945)
Michele Parrinello (born 1945)
Bernard de Wit (born 1945)
Anthony Zee (born 1945)
Rod Crewther (born 1945)
Peter Goddard (born 1945)
Alexander Migdal (born 1945)
W. G. Unruh (born 1945)
André Neveu (born 1946)
Michael Green (born 1946)
Gerardus 't Hooft (born 1946)
İsmail Hakkı Duru (born 1946)
Charles Thorn (born 1946)
Vladimir Fortov (born 1946)
Grigori E. Volovik (born 1946)
William E. Caswell (1947–2001)
Jacob Bekenstein (1947–2012)
Robert Shekhter (born 1947)
John Joannopoulos (born 1947)
Jürg Fröhlich (born 1947)
Howard Georgi (born 1947)
Alan Guth (born 1947)
Michio Kaku (born 1947)
Roberto Car (born 1947)
John Cardy (born 1947)
Walter Selke (born 1947)
Erick Weinberg (born 1947)
Claudio Bunster (born 1947)
Anna N. Żytkow (born 1947)
Robert Wald (born 1947)
Michael F. Shlesinger (born 1948)
Thomas Curtright (born 1948)
Eugene Levich (born 1948)
Alexei Starobinsky (born 1948)
Dimitri Nanopoulos (born 1948)
Andrei Linde (born 1948)
Giorgio Parisi (born 1948)
Bennie Ward (born 1948)
Gabor Forgacs (born 1948)
Toshiki Tajima (born 1948)
Dmitry Igorevich Dyakonov (1949–2012)
Hugh David Politzer (born 1949)
Alexander Vilenkin (born 1949)
Nihat Berker (born 1949)
Tekin Dereli (born 1949)
Ayşe Erzan (born 1949)
Mikhail Shifman (born 1949)
Alexander Grosberg (born 1949)
Richard G. Palmer (born 1949)
Itamar Procaccia (born 1949)
Steven Gwon Sheng Louie (born 1949)
Sylvester James Gates (born 1950)
Robert B. Laughlin (born 1950)
Stephen Parke (born 1950)
Goran Senjanovic (born 1950)
Kyriakos Tamvakis (born 1950)
Konstantin Efetov (born 1950)
Carlton M. Caves (born 1950)
Shuichi Nosé (1951–2005)
Christopher T. Hill (born 1951)
Alexei Smirnov (born 1951)
Frank Wilczek (born 1951)
Edward Witten (born 1951)
Cosmas Zachos (born 1951)
F. Duncan Haldane (born 1951)
Wojciech H. Zurek (born 1951)
Thibault Damour (born 1951)
Demetrios Christodoulou (born 1951)
Ignazio Ciufolini (born 1951)
Alexei Zamolodchikov (1952–2007)
Alexander Zamolodchikov (born 1952)
Paul J. Steinhardt (born 1952)
Ian Affleck (born 1952)
Bernard Derrida (born 1952)
Mikhail Voloshin (1953–2020)
Peter Guy Wolynes (born 1953)
Boris Feigin (born 1953)
Ali Chamseddine (born 1953)
Sankar Das Sarma (born 1953)
Stephan W. Koch (born 1953)
David Deutsch (born 1953)
John Preskill (born 1953)
José W. F. Valle (born 1953)
Mark B. Wise (born 1953)
Daniel L. Stein (born 1953)
Joseph Polchinski (1954–2018)
Julia Yeomans (born 1954)
David Vanderbilt (born 1954)
Lawrence M. Krauss (born 1954)
Alexey Khokhlov (born 1954)
Mikhail Feigelman (born 1954)
Barton Zwiebach (born 1954)
Alexandre Bouzdine (born 1954)
Lee Smolin (born 1955)
Valery Rubakov (born 1955)
Boris Altshuler (born 1955)
Augusto Sagnotti (born 1955)
Fulvio Melia (born 1956)
David Lindley (born 1956)
Viatcheslav Mukhanov (born 1956)
Carlo Rovelli (born 1956)
Nathan Seiberg (born 1956)
Ashoke Sen (born 1956)
Lev Kofman (1957–2009)
Joseph Lykken (born 1957)
Mikhail Katsnelson (born 1957)
Thanu Padmanabhan (born 1957)
Mehran Kardar (born 1957)
Peter Woit (born 1957)
David Tannor (born 1958)
Neil Turok (born 1958)
Piers Coleman (born 1958)
Stephen Wolfram (born 1959)
Erich Runge (born 1959)
Cumrun Vafa (born 1960)
Carlo Beenakker (born 1960)
Xiao-Gang Wen (born 1961)
Michael R. Douglas (born 1961)
Gian F. Giudice (born 1961)
Erik Verlinde (born 1961)
Maksim Kagan (born 1961)
Subir Sachdev (born 1961)
Jacques Distler (born 1961)
Jean-Philippe Bouchaud (born 1962)
Marcela Carena (born 1962)
Igor Klebanov (born 1962)
Lisa Randallª (born 1962)
Carlos E.M. Wagner (born 1962)
Brian Greene (born 1963)
Gerald B. Cleaver (born 1963)
Alexei Kitaev (born 1963)
Miguel Alcubierre (born 1964)
Raman Sundrum (born 1964)
Stephen Hsu (born 1966)
Sean M. Carroll (born 1966)
Durmus A. Demir (born 1967)
João Magueijo (born 1967)
Antony Garrett Lisi (born 1968)
Juan Maldacena (born 1968)
Laura Mersini-Houghtonª (born 1969)
Dam Thanh Son (born 1969)
Vijay Balasubramanian (born 1969)
Vlatko Vedral (born 1971)
Shiraz Minwalla (born 1972)
Nima Arkani-Hamed (born 1972)
Steven Gubser (1972–2019)
Maxim Chernodub (born 1973)
Luboš Motl (born 1973)
Cédric Villani (born 1973)
Yasunori Nomura (born 1974)
K. S. Babu
Bianca Dittrichª (born 1977)
Davide Gaiotto (born 1977)

Fictional theoretical physicists

Gordon Freeman
Eli Vance
Isaac Kleiner
Rodney McKay
Samantha Carterª
Larry Fleinhardt
Leonardo Vetra
Quinn Mallory
Maximillian Arturo
Nicholas Rush
Daniel Faraday
Catherine Elizabeth Halsey
Milo Rambaldi
Reed Richards
Victor Von Doom
Radek Zelenka
Sheldon Cooper
Rosalind and Robert Lutece
Rick Sanchez

gollark: „PotatOS”

gollark: †‡„“”«»_

gollark: ‘’

gollark: ‹

gollark: ›

Notes

* Experimentalist also

º Astronomer, astrophysicist or cosmologist also

^ Developed new mathematics

† Contributed to chemistry

‡ Contributed to biology

ª Women in theoretical physics

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