Cyril Domb

Cyril Domb FRS (9 December 1920 – 15 February 2012) was British-Israeli an internationally recognised theoretical physicist, best known for his lecturing and writing on the theory of phase transitions and critical phenomena of fluids. He was also known in the Orthodox Jewish world for his writings on science and Judaism.

Cyril Domb
Born9 December 1920
London, UK
Died15 February 2012(2012-02-15) (aged 91)
Jerusalem, Israel
NationalityBritish/Israeli
Alma materPembroke College, Cambridge
Known forGillis–Domb–Fisher random walk
Domb–Sykes plot
Spouse(s)Shirley Galinsky
AwardsMax Born Prize (1981)
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical physics
Critical phenomena
InstitutionsAdmiralty Signal Establishment
University of Cambridge
Oxford University
King's College London
Bar-Ilan University
Doctoral advisorFred Hoyle
Other academic advisorsRobert Stoneley
Doctoral studentsMichael Fisher
Renfrey Potts
InfluencesPaul Dirac

Early life

Domb was born on 9 December 1920, the fourth day of Hanukkah, in North London to a Hasidic Jewish family.[1] His father, Yoel,[2] who had shortened his name from Dombrowski to Domb, was a native of Warsaw, while his mother, Sarah,[2] was from Oświęcim, Poland.[1] He was given the Hebrew name of Yechiel. His father and grandfather paid for tutors to educate him in classical Jewish studies, and he also attended shiurim (Torah classes) given by Rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler to young men in a nearby synagogue.[1]

Domb possessed both an excellent memory and skill in mathematics. At the age of 17 he won a scholarship to Pembroke College, Cambridge.[1] He graduated with a degree in mathematics in 1941.[2] He then joined the Admiralty Signal Establishment in Portsmouth[2] as one of several young scientists working on developing radar systems during World War II. Until that point, radar operators were only able to determine the distance of an approaching object; Domb's group worked out a method for determining the height of an object as well.[1][3]

After the war, Domb attended Cambridge University. He earned his PhD in 1949 with a doctoral thesis on "Order-Disorder Statistics". His doctoral advisor was Fred Hoyle.[4]

Academic career

Domb was a university lecturer in mathematics at Cambridge University between 1952 and 1954 and professor of theoretical physics at King's College London between 1954 and 1981. In the latter position, he became the youngest professor in London at that time.[1]

In 1972 Domb began co-editing what would become a 20-volume series, Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena, considered a classic in the field.[1] After the death of his first co-editor, Melville S. Green, he worked with Joel Lebowitz.[2]

Science and Judaism

In the late 1950s, Domb helped found the British Association of Orthodox Jewish Scientists, based on the American model, and served as its president.[1]

Domb began writing his views reconciling the apparent contradictions between science and Judaism in 1961, when The Jewish Chronicle of London asked him for a 1000-word article on how Jewish teachings accord with the Big Bang and Steady State cosmological theories. This article gained the attention of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, who began a correspondence with Domb and encouraged him to continue his efforts to show religious sceptics that there is no contradiction between science and such Torah concepts as the Genesis creation narrative and the Existence of God.[2][3] Unlike the Rebbe, Domb gave credence to the theory of evolution, but held that this and other scientific theories were "only tentative summaries of our situation, whereas religion deals with what is right and what is wrong, and with many of the major driving forces in one's life". Domb went on to publish a collection of articles on science and religion in Challenge: Torah views on science and its problems (1976), which he co-edited with Rabbi Aryeh Carmell.[1]

Move to Israel

In 1981, at the age of 60, Domb took early retirement from Kings College and made aliyah to Israel, settling in the Bayit Vegan neighbourhood of Jerusalem.[1] Between 1981 and 1989 he was professor of physics at Bar-Ilan University, boosting the prestige of the department and attracting leading physicists and students to it. In keeping with his interests in Torah study, he opened each staff meeting with a Dvar Torah (Torah thought), started a Daf Yomi shiur after afternoon prayers, and founded an academic journal, Journal of Torah and Scholarship.[1] He was also a visiting professor at the University of Maryland, Yeshiva University, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Weizmann Institute of Science,[3] and academic president of Machon Lev, the Jerusalem College of Technology.[1]

In October 2011, the Journal of Statistical Physics published a tribute issue to Domb, commemorating his influence on the field of statistical physics.[5]

Personal

Domb married Shirley Galinsky in 1957; they had six children.[2]

Honors and awards
  • Fellow of the Royal Society, 1977.[1]
  • Max Born Prize, 1981.

Works

Selected scientific publications
  • Domb, C. 1949. "Order-Disorder Statistics II. A two-dimensional model." Proc. Roy. Soc. A199: 199–221
  • Domb, C. 1960. "On the Theory of Cooperative Phenomena. "Adv. Phys., Phil. Mag. S9: 149–361
  • Domb, C. and Sykes, M.F. 1961. "Use of Series Expansions for the Ising Model Susceptibility and Excluded Volume Problem." J. Math. Phys. 2: 63–67
  • Domb, C. and Green, M.S., Eds. 1972–1976. "Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena," Vols. 1–6, London: Academic Press.
  • Domb, C. and Lebowitz, J.L., Eds. 1983–2000. “Phase Transitions and Critical Behavior,” Vols. 6–20, London: Academic Press.
  • The Critical Point: A historical introduction to the modern theory of critical phenomena. Taylor & Francis. 1996. ISBN 0-7484-0435-X. advances in physics domb.

Torah works
gollark: Also, why not a gun safety class required to buy guns? Do you disagree with the general idea, or think it would give some entity too much control or something?
gollark: You mean "good" as in "forces lawmakers to reexamine things" or "actually works well"?
gollark: Not compared to regular manufacturing stuff.
gollark: ~~Printing~~ Making cutting-edge stuff needs giant multibillion-$ facilities, although 3D printers don't contain that.
gollark: You're not going to be able to print silicon stuff with a 3D printer because they're entirely different tech.

See also

References
  1. "An Appreciation of Professor Yechiel (Cyril) Domb, z"l, in honor of his shloshim". Hamodia, 29 March 2012, pp. C14–C15. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
  2. Zaklikowski, Dovid (1 March 2012). "Acclaimed Physicist Cyril Domb, 91, Bridged Religion and Science". chabad.org. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
  3. Sharon, Jeremy (20 February 2012). "Cyril Domb, 91, combined science, Judaism". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
  4. "Cyril Domb". Mathematics Genealogy Project. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
  5. "Introduction". Journal of Statistical Physics. 145. 2011. Bibcode:2011JSP...145..508.. doi:10.1007/s10955-011-0379-4.
  6. Challenge: Torah views on science and its problems (2nd ed.). Feldheim Publishers. 2000. ISBN 1-58330-424-X.
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