List of play-by-mail games

This is a list of play-by-mail (PBM) games. It is unclear what the earliest play-by mail game is between chess and Go.[1] Diplomacy was first played by mail in 1963.[2] In the early 1970s, in the United States, Rick Loomis, of Flying Buffalo Inc, began a number of play-by-mail games;[3] this included games such as Nuclear Destruction (1970). This marked the beginning of the professional PBM industry.[1] Other publishers followed suit, with significant expansion across the industry in the 1980s. This supported the publication of a number of newsletters from individual play-by-mail companies as well as independent publications such as Gaming Universal, Paper Mayhem, and Flagship which focused solely on the play-by-mail gaming industry. The sourcing of play-by-mail games in this list largely comes from these magazines, whether from reviews or advertisements, as well as additional magazines such as Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer, Dragon Magazine, and other publications that serviced the gaming community broadly, resuming with the contemporary online magazine Suspense and Decision, which supports the small but active play-by-mail gaming community today.

In some cases, more than one publisher can be found for the same game on the list. This is because the rights to play-by-mail games were occasionally sold among publishers.[lower-alpha 1] In other cases, games were licensed from the publishing company, which might be then moderated by a different company—potentially even translated and played in a different country.[lower-alpha 2] Many more play-by-mail games existed in nascent, playtest form than there are on this list. Only games which completed playtesting and were released for play are included here as a "published" game. This list includes games played only by postal mail, those played by mail with a play-by-email option, and games played only in a turn-based play-by-email (PBEM) format. Additionally, this list includes games which are no longer available for play as well as games that are still active. Game durations range from those which were only briefly available for play, such as Quest of Gorr,[6] to those which have been played for decades or longer, such as Alamaze, Diplomacy, Hyborian War, and Chess.

Active play-by-mail games
List
Game Released Publisher Associate(s) Ref
Adventurer Kings 1992 Epistoludisme & Cie Roland Danard [7][8]
Alamaze 1986 Alamaze.co [9][10][11]
Clash of Legends 2006 [12][13]
Company Commander Schubel & Son Jason Oates [14][15]Flad, Bill (November–December 1986). "Review of Company Commander". Paper Mayhem. No. 21. p. 14–16.
Continental Rails II 1999 Epistoludisme & Cie Roland Danard [8]
Covert Operations Flying Buffalo Inc Charles Gaydos (designer) [16]
The Crack of Doom II Advanced Gaming Enterprises [17]
Diplomacy 1959 Games Research Inc Allan B. Calhamer [18][19]
Drakensang Online Bigpoint Games [20]
Duel2 Reality Simulations Inc [21][22]
DungeonWorld Madhouse Interactive Entertainment Steve Tierney (Game Master) [23]
Fallen Empires March 2013 Peter and James Perrin [24][25][26]
Forgotten Realms Reality Simulations [27]
Feudal Lords Flying Buffalo Inc [28][29]
Galac-Tac 1982 Talisman Games [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]
Galactic Conflict 1982 Flying Buffalo [16]
The Glory of Kings VII Agema [37]
Heroic Fantasy Flying Buffalo [16][38]
Hyborian War 1985 Reality Simulations Inc. Edward Schooner [39][40]
Illuminati PBM Adventure Systems, Flying Buffalo Draper Kauffman [16]
The Isles: The Game of Outcasts 1987 theislespbm [41]
It's a Crime KJC Games [42]
Legends Harlequin Games [43]
Lizards Flying Buffalo Inc [16]
Lords of the Earth 1983 Thomas Harlan [44]
Middle-earth: Third Age; Circa 1650 Game Systems International [45]
Middle-earth: Kin-Strife; Circa 1450 Game Systems International [45]
Middle-earth: Fourth Age; Circa 1000 Game Systems International [45][46]
Mobius I Flying Buffalo Inc [16][47]
Nuclear Destruction 1970 Flying Buffalo Inc [16][48]
Phoenix: Beyond the Stellar Empire KJC Games [49][50][51]
Regime Change Agema [52][53]
Riftlords Flying Buffalo Inc [16]
Scramble for Empire Agema [54][55]
Star Fleet Warlord Franz Games [56]
Starweb 1976 Flying Buffalo [16]
SuperNova: Rise of the Empire 2003 Rolling Thunder Games Pete Dorman (Game Master) [57]
Takamo Advent Games [58][59]
TribeNet PBM in mid 1980s;
PBEM from 1997		 Tribenet.com.au Peter Rzechorzek (Game Master) [47][60][61][62][63]
World Wide Battle Plan Flying Buffalo Inc [64][65][14]

Inactive U.S. play-by-mail games
List
Game[lower-alpha 3] Released Publisher[lower-alpha 4] Associate(s) Ref
1483 Online Guild of Blades [66]
1939 World Wide Battleplan Flying Buffalo Inc [58]
2 Halves Nova Games [67]
A Bledian Diary Spellbinder Games [66]
A&D Soccer A&D Entertainment [66]
Absolute Fantasy Silver Dreamer [66]
Absolute Power II Silver Dreamer [66]
Absolute Heroes Jade Enterprises [66]
A Duel of a Different Color Fractal Dimensions [58]
A National Will Simcoarum Systems [58]
Ad Astra Superior Simulations [68]
Advanced Dungeons & Dragons ECI [69]
Adventurers Guild Entertainment Plus More Games [66]
Aegyptus World Campaigns [70][71][72]
Aeroball Mark Wightman [66]
Aftermath 2150 Centurion Game Company [73]
The Afterworld Sci Fi Simulations [74]
Against All Odds (AAO) C2 Simulations [75]
Age of Gold Nevanis Games [76]
Alien Conflict 1983 Schubel & Son [77], [78]
Alien Conquest Redgod Enterprises [79]
Alien Invasion Schubel & Sons Inc [78]
American Civil War Battles [66]
American War of Independence Battles [66]
Ancient Empire Schubel & Sons, licensed to Walters Associates of Mississippi. [80]
Android Arena Adventure Simulation Games [81]
Andromeda Cluster Micro Software Design [82]
Arcane Challenge Simulation Technologies [83]
Arena Combat Schubel & Sons Inc Duane Wilcoxson (Designer) [78][84][85]
Armageddon – The Last War Rick Barr [86]
Armageddon's Aftermath Damien Games [58]
Armorclads August 1991 DVS Productions [87]
Ascension to Empire Maverick Games [88]
The Ashes of Empire [89]
Aspects of Might Silver Dreamer [66]
The Assassin's Quest 1980 De Jager & Co [90]
Atlantic Conflict Advent Games [91]
Atlantis Juan Varein [66]
Atlantrix 1988 or earlier Battle-Magic Gaming Mike Mayeau [58][92][93][94]
Austerlitz Quirxel Games [66]
Austerlitz Supersonic Games [66]
Banana Republic Head Games [95]
Barony of the Rivers Adam Hill [66]
Baroque The Game Anvil [96]
Baseball Fan-tastic Baseball Fan-tastic [97]
Battle Lords Creative Keys [98]
Battle of the Gods Integral Games [99]
Battleplan Flying Buffalo Inc [58]
Battle Robots [66]
Beer Mogul Red Mohawk [66]
Belter Classified Information [58]
Beyond the Quadra Zone Quest Games Inc [14][100][101]
Beyond the Stellar Empire Adventures By Mail [102]
Beyond the Stellar Empire: The New System Adventures By Mail [103]
Blasted Earth Precedence [104]
Bliss R3 [105]
Blood Pit Emprise Game Systems [106][107]
Blood, Guts & Gore Across the Galaxy Deltax Gaming [108]
Bloody Blade Damien Games [109]
Bounty Hunter Creative Management Services [110]
Boys of Summer Blue Panther Enterprises [111]
British Wrestling Association Daniel Turner [66]
Button Men Web Game Cheapass Games [112]
Capitol 1983 Adventures by Mail [113]
Captain's War Norman Conquest War [114][115][116]
Caravans of Pan Geos Early 1984 Galactic Empires Daniel Pierce (Gamemaster) [117][118]
Cartel Diverse Talents, Inc. [119]
Castle War 1986 Mialdian Press [120]
Catacombs of Chaos Schubel & Son Duane Wilcoxson (Designer) [121][122]
Celestrek II Clemens & Associates, Inc. [123]
Centre-Earth Giles Bartram [66]
Centurion Fantasy Workshop [58]
Championship Football Hemsoft Computer Consultants [66]
Chaos Trail Simon Williams [66]
Championship League Supersonic Games [66]
Chevian Chronicles [67]
Chicken Run Received Wisdom [66]
City of Milanas Jagg Productions 1997 [124]
The Clans of Trove Yellowseed Games [58]
Clans II Hightreet Internet Ltd [66]
Charioteers 1989 Daurada Games [125][126]
Civil War Third Wave Simulations [127]
Clovenshield Clovenshield [66]
Cluster Capitol Consulting//VRL, Inc. Robert Hayes (creator) [128]
Cluster Wars [129]
Computer Boxing Schubel & Son [130]
Computer Sports Connoisseurs Computer Sports Connoisseurs [131]
Conclave Undying King Games [66]
Conflict 2000 Sinbad's Games [132]
Conquest 1989 Earnshaw Enterprises [133][134]
Conquest of the 25th Century TSR, Inc. [135]
Conquest of the Stars 1986 Schubel & Sons Inc [78][136]
Conquest of Insula II Clemens & Associates [137]
Conquest & Crusades Damien Games [138]
Continental Rails Graaf Simulations [68][66][139]
Continuum Zephyr Enterprises Inc [58][140]
Chess c. 6th century [141]
Cosa Nostra Yellowseed Games [142]
Cosmic Crusaders Genesis Games Design [58]
Cosmic Dominion Galactic Simulations [143]
Coup d'etat Sinbad's Games [144]
Covert Operations Flying Buffalo Inc [66]
Crack of Doom Advanced Gaming Enterprises Duane Wilconxson and Debbie Leonard [58][145]
Crasimoff's World Adventures by Mail [146]
Crater War Jabberwock Enterprises [137]
Crime Lords 1981 Gamers Unlimited [147]
Crisis Rick Barr [148]
Crystal Island Saul Betesh [58][149][150][151]
CTF 2187 Advanced Gaming Ent [68]
Crusade Schubel & Sons, licensed to Walters Associates of Mississippi. [152]
CWA Wrestling KTH [153]
Cyber-Toons 1997 Rebel Games [154]
Cyborg 1981 Integral Games [155]
Dark Age HCS Games [156]
Dark Blades Adventure Simulation Games [157]
Dark Magus Dark Magus Productions [158]
Darkness of Silverfall Coconut Council Inc [58]
Darkworld Rebel Enterprises [14]
Dawn of the Ancients GSI Game Systems Inc [159]
Death & Sorrow Eckert Gaming Group [58]
Destiny Blue Panther Enterprises [160]
Detective Tudor Games [161]
Domination LAMA [68]
DROIDS NoGate Consulting [130]
Dukes of Hell Software Doctors [162]
Dungeon Madhouse USA [163]
Eagle Day: The Battle for Britain War College Simulations PBM Inc [164]
Earthwars Software Doctors [137]
Earthwood Game Systems Inc/KJC Games [165]
Earthwood (Sea Kings) Game Systems Inc [144]
Eclipse Midnight Games James Landes (Owner/Moderator) [166]
EFIFA EFIFA [66]
EG!: Banana [66]
EG!: Blarpo Blarpo [66]
EG!: Dangerous Liaisons Jerry Spencer [66]
EG!: Delon Richard Crofts [66]
EG!: Horseguards Trevor Gillard [66]
EG!: Orc Aramaro Adrian [66]
EG!: Orleans [66]
EG!: Slumbers Brian Jenkins [66]
EG!: Star Pete Cooney [66]
EG!: Time of Honor Quincy Cooper [66]
Eldritch Play-by-Electron Games [66]
Election Year Flying Buffalo Inc [66], [167]
El Mythico Graaf Simulations [58], [66]
Empires of Corinium Viking Games [66]
Empyrean Challenge 1978 Superior Simulations [168]
Empires for Rent Blue Panther Enterprises [169]
English Civil War Battles [66]
Epic Midnight Games James Landes (Owner/Moderator) [68]
Epic Game II August 1986 Midnight Games James Landes (Owner/Moderator) [170]
Epic III Midnight Games [171]
Epsom David Scriven [66]
EverMoor Games Adventure [172]
Evermoor II Bronze Star Gaming [58]
Exodus Grenade Games [173]
Fall of Rome Enlightened Age Entertainment [174]
Fall of the Roman Empire Jason Oates [66]
Fallen at the First Jason Oates [66]
Family Wars Andon Games, Cyclops Gaming [58][175][176]
Fantasy Cycling 2001 Ultra Sports [66]
Feudal Lords Graaf Simulations John Van De Graaf (designer) [137][177][178]
Feudal Lords Flying Buffalo Inc [137], [66]
Feudal Lords II Graaf Simulations [58]
The Final Campaign July 1, 1989 Blue Panther Enterprises [179]
Fire in the Galaxy Sar-a-Kan Games [14]
Firebreather Horizon Games [180][181][182]
First Light C-Mind Enterprises [137]
First World August 1984 White Lion Enterprises John and Mike O'Brien [183][184][185]
Fleet Maneuvers Fantastic Simulations [68][186][187][188]
Floodlit Soccer [66]
Fog of War Schubel & Son [189]
Food Chain Greg Lindahl [66]
Football Maestro Maestro Games [66]
Furoic Age Starfield Games [190]
Gameplan Graaf Simulations [58]
Galactic Anarchy Anarchy by Mail [191]
Galactic Empires Galactic Empires [137]
Galactic Gambit Bard Interactive Games, Inc. [192]
Galactic Invasion 3 Ultra Sports [66]
Galactic Overlord Steven Arnott [193]
Galactic Power Vigard Simulations [194]
Galactic Prisoners 1985 Grandel Inc [195]
Galaxy Rebus Games [66]
Galaxy Alpha KTH, Intergalactic Games [137][196]
Galaxy Conflict KTH [197]
Galaxy II Brett A. Tondreau [198]
Gallic Wars Schubel & Sons Inc [78]
Gateway to the Stars Ended 1987 Total Simulations, Inc. (closed 1987) [199][200]
Gladiator: The Legacy of Heraklês Dragon Games [201]
Gladiators of Death Fantasy & Futuristic Simulations [58]
Global Supremacy Schubel & Son [14]
Global Supremacy III Schubel & Son [202]
Glory HCS Games [203]
Glory II HCS Games [58][204]
Glory to the Lance Nova Games [67]
Gobbal [66]
The Godfather circa 1986 The Play By Mail Company [205]
The Godfather of Astini Godfather Games [206]
Gorlos Chris Bury, World Fictional Wrestling [66]
Grand Alliance Simcoarum Systems [207]
Great Game: 1820 Great Game [66]
Great White Hunter Steven Arnott [66]
Gridiron Stats Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games [66]
Guardian Stephen Richardson, Guardian Games [66]
Gunners Rebel Games [208]
Haven Different Worlds Publications [209]
Heroes' Quest 1997 KSK Concepts [210]
Heroic Age Games Without Frontiers [14][211]
Heroic Fantasy Flying Buffalo [212], [66]
Highlander Claemor Entertainment Inc. [213]
Hoopplan [66]
Horizon's End Schubel & Sons Inc Duane Wilcoxson (Designer) [78][214]
Horse Racing [66]
Hyborian War 1985 Reality Simulations Inc. [215]
Hunting DMC Games Dave Cooksey [216]
Hunting 2 DMC Games Dave Cooksey [216]
HyperXpansion [128]
Imperium Challenge Superior Simulations [137]
Infinite Conflict Gemini Systems, Inc. [217][218]
Into the Maelstrom Maelstrom Games [58]
Into Infinity May 1988 Battle-Magic Gaming [68]
Imperial Conquest Armageddon Games [219]
Imperial Games Applied Gaming Technologies Inc. [220]
Intrigue June 1990 White Lion Enterprises [221]
Iron Kings Play-by-Electron Games [66]
Iron & Steam Prime Time Programming (Midnight Games as of 1994) [126]
Isle of Crowns Adventures By Mail [66]
It's a Crime! Adventures By Mail [66]
JF&L's Kings JF&L [222]
Jurien Range PBM Adventures [223]
Keys of Bled Spellbinder Games [224]
Kickabout Spellbinder Games [66]
Kings Dragon Games [144]
The King's Birthday KTH [225]
Kavernes Marguerite Dias [58]
Kill Ted! Blue Panther Enterprises [226]
King of Kings King of Kings [66]
The Borderlands of Khataj [126]
Khralizek: The Last Battle Aggressive Addiction Games, Inc. [58][227][228]
Kingdom Graaf Simulations [58]
Kings of Steel Stephen White [66]
Kingdom's & Conquest Tudor Games [137]
Kings JF&L [137]
Kings & Things* Andon Games, Graaf Simulations [68]
Kingsearth Kings Guild Inc [229]
Kings of the Boryian Empire Paper Generals [230]
Kings War Schubel & Son [130] [231]
KLIP Pavel Lyakhovskiy [66]
Knights of the Avalon Jade Games [216]
Land of Karrus circa 1990 Paper Tigers Jean Brown (Designer/Moderator) [58][232]
LandLords 1984 Quest Computer Services [233]
Lizards Flying Buffalo Inc [234]
Lomaka 1993 Paper Tigers [235]
Lords of Destiny Early 1990s Maelstrom Games [236]
Lords of the Blood Sea Godfather Games [237]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 1 Thomas Harlan [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 2 Colin Dunnigan [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 4 David Adams [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 5 Dean Patterson [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 7 Eddie Hartwell [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 8 Paul Flinton [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 10 David Adams [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 11 Phil Baird [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 13 Chris Cornuelle [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 16 Steve Olson [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 19 Steve Olson [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 20 Eddie Efsic [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 23 Michael Helmsing [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 24 Lesley Nielson [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 25 David Mattingly [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 42 Leslie Dodd [47]
Lords of the Earth: Campaign 51 JJ Martel [47]
Lords of the Fray Ethereal Edge Enterprises [238]
Lords of the Galactic Rim Nebula Star Productions [239]
Lords of Valetia 1977 RB&B Design Operations [240]
LT Wars Spellbinder Games [47]
Mall Maniacs 1987 Creative Simulations [241]
Magika ChoZen FroZen Games [242]
Magocracy 1986 Mialdian Press [243]
Mandragora: Shadows Lengthen Nova Games [67]
Masters of Magic HCS Games [244]
Mazeworld Acme Game Moderators [245]
The Melding Kelstar Enterprises [14]
Midgard 1984 Time Space Simulations [246]
Midguard Midgames, Midguard USA [68][247]
MiiSL MiiSL, Sando Chiavuzzo [47]
Military Khralizek Aggressive Addiction Games, Inc. [248]
Merchant Lords Wishful Thinking [249]
Megaprix Adventure Simulation Games [250]
The Melding Kelstar Enterprises [137]
Mindgate BBS Mindgate [251]
Modern World Conquest Prime Time Simulations [58]
Monarchs Rick Barr [252]
Moneylender Rick Barr [253]
Monster Island Adventures By Mail Jack B. Everitt (designer) [254], [47]
Monsters Play-by-Electron Games [47]
Moscow '41 Vigard Simulations [255]
Murania Michael Halvis [47]
Mutant Wars Cutting Edge Games [256]
Mystic Arena Mystic Arena [47]
A National Will Simcoarum Systems [257]
New Dawn Marguerite Dias/New Dawn [251][258]
New Order 1987 C2 Simulations [14][259]
The Next Empire Reality Simulations [144]
The Next Empire Origins 1988 Cyborg Games [260][261]
Nexus of Mystery Creative Management Services [262]
NFL Pro League Football Gamer's Guild [263]
Nguyen Hue Vigard Simulations [264]
Nuclear War
Offside Ref! Dave Carter, Scorpiogames [47]
One True Faith Keith Langley [265]
Only the Strong KSK Concepts [266]
The Orion Nebula Orpheus Publishing Corporation [267]
Out Time Days Werner and Vicki Freitas (Designer and editor) Twin Engine Gaming Ended May 1, 1992 [68][268][269][270][271]
Outer Reaches Earnshaw Enterprises [272]
Outpost Spyder Games [273]
Pacific Conflict Advent Games [274][275]
Paths to Glory Triumph Game Systems [276]
PBMFL The Mailbox [137]
Peacemaker-Peacebreaker Pierce & Co. [277]
Pellic Quest Conflict Interaction Associates [278]
Penalty! Dave Carter, Scorpiogames [47]
Perseus Arm Perseus Arm Enterprises [279]
Phoenix 1989 Gamer's Den [280][126]
Planetarion [47]
Play-By-Mail Football League The Mailbox [281]
Pop Tarts Received Wisdom [47]
Portinium December 1990 Enchanted Horizons [282]
Power Ended 1985 ECI [283]
Power+ ECI [284]
Powerstar South Bay Games [285]
Privateers Tudor Games [286]
Professional Basketball League [47]
Private Sector Treesahran Industries [287]
Psyche DMC Games Dave Cooksey [216], [47]
Quadrant Wars Quest Game Inc. [288]
Quest of Gorr Only briefly on the market Game Masters International [289]
Quest of the Great Jewels 1983 Zorph Enterprises Mike Shefler (Original developer/moderator) [68][290]
Quest: The World of Kharne Adventures By Mail [291]
Raumkrieg Flying Buffalo [292]
Realm Full Moon Gaming [293]
Realms of Fantasy Graaf Simulations [58]
Realms of Sword and Thunder 1982 Empire Games, Inc. Glenn Holliday and Chris Peterson (creators) [294][295]
Realpolitik Triad Simulations [144]
Renaissance Constantine Xanthis [47]
Riftlords Flying Buffalo Inc [296], [47]
Rimworlds Palace Simulations [68]
Revenge Devil's Advocate Games [297]
Rings of Darkness Ark Royal Games (Licensed from Roma Games of Australia) [298]
Robot Armies Schubel & Sons Inc [78]
Room 4 Devil's Advocate Games [297]
Ruler of the Galactic Web 1987 Quail Canyon Systems [78]
Samurai Warlords Bill Paspaliaris [299]
Saga Ended 1987 Imagery [300]
Samurai Warlord Bill Paspaliaris [126]
Satellite Down GDW [301]
Scales of Justice Tudor Games [302]
Sceptre Sceptre Roleplaying [58]
On-Paper Baseball On-Paper Baseball [303]
Scramble Furypost Games [304]
Secrets of Trime Frontier Games [137]
Seeds of Destruction Eckert Gaming Group [305]
Seeking Realm Knights Zion Games [126]
Siege America Schubel & Sons, licensed to Red Talon Gaming of Pennsylvania. [306]
Sirius Command Inner Dimension Games [144], [307], [308]
Silverdawn [309]
Sovereignty Silvius and Berchtold [310]
Space 101 C2 Simulations [311]
Space Battle 1980 Flying Buffalo [312]
Space Bounty Universal Simulations [313]
Space Combat Twin Engine Gaming [314]
Spacefarer Tansfaal Enterprises [315]
Special Agent TL Designs [137]
Speculate Yellowseed Games [316]
Spiral Arm Graaf Simulations [58]
Spiral Arm II Graaf Simulations [317]
Smuggler's Run Adventures By Mail [47]
SpyKor Sudden Asylum [318][319]
St. Valentines Day Massacre Mindgate [58][320]
Stand & Deliver Stand & Deliver [58][321]
Star Cluster Lief Stensson [47]
Star Cluster Omega C-T Simulations [68][322]
Star Cluster One The Buchanan Company [323]
Stardragon 1983 Stardragon Carl Savage [324]
Star Fleet Warlords Agents of Gaming [58]
Starforce Battles [325]
Star Moguls pre-1993 [326]
Star Quest Deltax Gaming [58]
Stars of the Dark Well Mindgate [144]
Star Saga Infinite Odysseys [58]
Star Trek: The Correspondence Game Entertainment Concepts [327]
Star Venture 1982 Schubel & Son [328]
Starbase Quest Games [329]
StarGlobe DragonByte Ken Mulholland (of Time Patterns) [330][331]
Star King Software Doctors [332]
Starlord Mike Singleton [333]
Starmagic Cosmos Creation Company [144]
Starmagic II Clemens & Associates [14]
Starmaster Schubel & Son Richard Lloyd (designer) [334]
Starmaster II Schubel & Son Debbie Leonard (Development) [14]
Starship Command Elite Simulations [335][336]
Starweb Flying Buffalo Inc [137], [47]
Starwind CraftGames [337]
Stat-Sports Pro Football Stat-Sports [338]
State of War Game Systems Inc [58]
Steel, Fire, and Blood George Franchi [339]
Stellar Crusades Simulated Genius [315]
Stellar Dynasty The Game Company [340]
Stellar Realms HCS Games [341]
Stellar Syndicate 1987 Quail Canyon Systems [78]
Stellar Warlords Stellar Warlords Brad Lampl (Creator and Moderator) [342]
Storm Over Dixie Armageddon Games [343]
Strategic Conflict 1983 Schubel & Son [344]
Strategic Imperial Conquest [345]
Strike it Rich HCS Games [346]
Swashbuckler Paspa Games [347]
Swords of Pelarn April 1984 Midnight Games Jim Robinson [348]
Swords of the Gods Galactic Simulations [68][349]
Sword Lords [309]
Succession Games Without Frontiers [350][351]
SuperNova 1986 Rolling Thunder Games [352]
Supernova II Rolling Thunder Games [68][353]
Supremacy Graf Simulations [354]
Survival Challenge Ended 1987 Mindgate [251][355]
Suzerainty 7th Dimension Gaming [58]
System III: Star King Galactic Centurian Systems [356]
Tactical Assault Group Quest Games, Inc. [357]
Talwaithe 1981 [358]
Terra II Clemens & Associates [359]
The King's Birth KTH [137]
The War to End All Wars Guild of Blades [47]
Throne of Rhianon Vorpal Games [58][360]
Third Foundation Third Foundation [361]
Time Chase Supernova Games [362]
Time Patrol KTH [137], [363]
Toadal Chaos - The Frog Wars Fractal Dimensions [364]
To be King REGI [126]
Top Ten Football' Top Twenty Football [365]
Torpedo Boat Duel Tudor Games [366]
Tracks 1992 Friendly Fire Games [367]
Trade & Conquest Frazier Games [368]
Trajan's Treacherous Trap 1979 Flying Buffalo [369]
Traveller Applied Gaming Technologies [137]
Triad Karl Zeimetz [370]
Triax Galactic Simulations [371]
The Tribes of Crane 1976 ("roughly") Schubel & Son, Zen Games [372][373], [47]
Trillion Credit Squadron Campaign Applied Gaming Technologies Inc. [374]
Twilight: 2000 GDW [375]
The Ultimate Survival Steve Sparks [376]
Twilight's Last Gleaming George Franchi [377]
Universe II Clemens and Associates [90]
Urban Empire Leisure Time Unlimited [378]
Veiled Star Ghetto Games [379]
Venom Game Systems Inc [14][380][381]
VGA Planets Gamer's Den [126]
Victory! Rolling Thunder Games, Inc. [58][382][383]
Vietnam Schubel & Sons Inc [78]
Virus R3 [384]
Waddabeekeo [385]
War 1940 Schubel & Son [14]
Warboid World Applied Gaming Technologies Inc. [386]
War Council Alternative Dimension Enterprises [387]
Warlands 1987 Furypost Games [388]
Warlord Phoenix Publications [389]
Warlord of Thunder Crag Creative Management Services [390]
War of 1812 Schubel & Sons Inc [78]
War of Wizards WOW Games [47]
Warp Force Empires 1985 Emprise Game Systems Steve Gray (Designer/Gamemaster) [391]
Warp Force One Emprise Game Systems [90]
Warriors and Wizards Rolling Thunder Games, Inc. [392]
Warworld 1985. Ended 1987 Furypost Games [393]
The Weapon Fantastic Simulations, Verein der Feunde Danield B. Ealey (Designer) [58][47][394][395]
Westworld 1989 NLT Enterprises [396][126]
Whodunit Devil's Advocate Games [397]
Wild Frontiers Red Talon Gaming [398]
Wofan 1980 The Gamemaster Larry G. Hall [399]
World Campaigns World Campaigns [137]
World Conquest 1988 Prime Time Simulations, SSV Klapf-Bachler OEG (Germany) [400][47] (German version)
World Electronic Football League Alpha Simulations [401]
World Electronic Hockey League Alpha Simulations [401]
World Emperors II Deltax Gaming [402]
World of Arden Arden Entertainment [137]
World War The Mailbox [403]
World War IV High Point Games, Pagoda Games (UK) [58], [47]
World War IV JFH Games [58]
World War IV Flying Buffalo Inc [58]
Xenophobe Emprise Game Systems [14]
You Rule! 1989 Llucky Llama Games [58][126]
You're an Amoeba, GO! Monastic Software [404]
Zorphwar Ended 1986 Zorph Enterprises [405]

Inactive international play-by-mail games
List
Game[lower-alpha 5] Released Publisher[lower-alpha 6] Country Ref
523 Sweet FA Camelot Games UK [66]
A Day at the Races Dracs Games UK [66]
Agamemmnon II Kelem Games UK [66]
Apex PBM Soccer Apex Games UK [66]
Ashes of Empire CSPP Germany [66]
Assyria's End Agema Publications UK [66]
Away the Lads Dracs Games UK [66]
Balance of Power Yellowseed Games of Canada Canada [406]
Bakufu Dark Wolf Games Ireland, UK [66]
Barbarians at the Gate Software Simulations UK [66]
Basketball Camelot Games UK [66]
Beyond Crasiworld UK [66]
Beyond the Green Sun Sevenstar Games UK [66]
Coeshaw Postal Football League Mark Coeshaw UK [66]
Come on You Reds Camelot Games UK [66]
Crack of Doom II Harlequin Games UK [66]
Dark Age II Software Simulations UK [66]
Diadochi Cyclops PBM UK [66]
Directive 32 Richard Cozens UK [66]
Dragonhelm Ulaidh Games UK [66]
DungeonWorld Madhouse UK [67][66]
Eagle Sabre Games UK [66]
Einstein's Lot Ulaidh Games Ireland, UK [66]
EG!: Briny Briny En Garde! (Terry Cooke) UK [66]
EG!: King & Cardinal Ian Coleman UK [66]
EG!: LPBS Paul Evans UK [66]
Empires Software Simulations UK [66]
Endless Time and Space Sabre Games UK [66]
Epoch of Might Dark Wolf Games Ireland, UK [66]
Evolution of the Stars Verein der Feunde Germany [66]
Extra Time-Chairman KJC Games UK [66]
Extra Time-original KJC Games/Crasiworld UK [66]
Falcon Sabre Games UK [66]
Fantasy Soccer KJC Games UK [66]
First Crusade Kelem Games UK [66]
Football Predictions Dracs Games UK [66]
For God, King & Country Agema Publications UK [66]
Fussball-Liga Germany [66]
Gameplan Software Simulations/Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [66]
Gameplan Baseball Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [66]
Gameplan Boxing Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [66]
Gameplan: Advanced Software Simulations/Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [66]
The Glory of Kings Agema Publications UK
Grand National Camelot Games UK [66]
Gryphon Sabre Games UK [66]
Gunboat Diplomacy Agema Publications UK [66]
Haunted Manor Madhouse UK [66]
Heavens Above Fuel PBM UK [66]
Heldenwelt (Heroes world) SSV Klapf-Bachler OEG Austria [66]
Heroes of Olynthus Timewyrm UK [66]
In Off the Post In Off the Post UK [66]
In the House Today Sabre Games UK [66]
It's in the Net Chris Wright UK [66]
JWA Wrestling Richard Fryer UK [66]
Knights of Christendom Sabre Games UK [66]
Ksar Exo Terre de Jeux France [66]
La Glorie du Roi Agema Publications UK [66]
La Ultima Cruzada Sabre Games UK [66]
Lands of Elvaria Mark Pinder UK [66]
Legends of Israa Viking Games UK [47]
Lizards The Ninth Legion UK [47]
Mighty Heroes Received Wisdom UK [47]
Mortis Maximus Madhouse 6 UK [47]
Mundis Sabre Games UK [47]
Napoleonic Battles Agema Publications UK [47]
Necromancer Madhouse 6 UK [47]
Neutral Zone Neutral Zone UK [47]
No Holds Barred Laughing Dog UK [47]
Overlord State of Mind Games UK [47]
The Paloma League Justin Shore UK [47]
Panzergruppe II Agema Publications UK [47]
Phantasmech Crasiworld UK [47]
Planet Soccer David Scriven UK [47]
Planetary Wrestling Syndicate Thomas Lancaster UK [47]
Play On Danny McConnel, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
Portals and Palaces Adam Hollindale UK [47]
Premier League UK [47]
Premier Management Football Premier Management UK [47]
Primvs Inter Pares Interesting Times UK [47]
Pro Soccer Olympia Games UK [47]
Prometheus Hunky Monkey Games UK [47]
Pub Kickin' Camelot Games UK [47]
Puma Pete Burrows, Buzzwack PBM UK [47]
Pure Fantasy Ftbll Pure Fantasy Games UK [47]
Quest Adventures By Mail, KJC Games UK [67], [47]
Raceplan Grand Prix Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
Reality Racing Camelot Games UK [47]
Realms of Israa Viking Games UK [47]
Riddle of the Sands Silver Dreamer UK [47]
Rugby League Breakout Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
Rugby League Challenge Camelot Games UK [47]
Rugby League Stats Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
Rugby Union Stats Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
Run Chase Software Simulations UK [47]
S/F Received Wisdom UK [47]
Saturnalia: Exile Harlequin Games UK [47]
Saturnalia: NE Dark Wolf Games Northern Ireland, UK [47]
Saturnalia: NW Mark Williams UK [47]
Saturnalia: S Mike Absolom UK [47]
Saturnalia: Serpent Isles Ashley Casey UK [47]
Saturnalia: Veridian Isles Dark Wolf Games Northern Ireland, UK [47]
Scottish Email Soccer League SESL, Mark Creasy UK [47]
Seadogs and Darlings Seadogs and Darlings UK [47]
Serim Ral Thomas Harlan UK [47]
Serim Ral Incubus Designs UK [47]
Shambhala Wayne (Shambhala) UK [47]
Slamdunk Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
Slapshot Danny McConnell, Ab Initio Games UK [47]
The S-League Sporting Dreams UK [47]
Soccer Manager Chris Robey UK [47]
Soccer Sevens Robin Seamer UK [47]
Soccer Star Trident Games UK [47]
Soccer Stats Jason Oates UK [47]
Soccer Strategy Software Simulations UK [47]
Soccer-Six Camelot Games UK [47]
Space Troopers KJC Games UK [47]
Space Plan Software Simulations UK [47]
Speculate Software Simulations UK [47]
Austerlitz Sphinx, O.E. Greece [66]
Squad Leader Richard Miles UK [47]
SSFA Chris Baylis UK [47]
Star Empires IV Geoff Squibb UK [47]
Starfleet Warlord Pagoda Games UK [47]
StarQuest Harlequin Games UK [47]
Summit Soccer League Summit Soccer League UK [47]
Tartarus Faraway Games UK [47]
Tatanka Terre de Jeux France [47]
Team Balance Martin Burrows UK [47]
Ten to Three J. Foster, Ten to Three UK [47]
Throne of Cofain Morton Larsen UK [47]
Timelapse UK [47]
Total Conquest Europe [47]
TOTL Pete Burrows, Buzzwack PBM UK [47]
Tough at the Top Games By Mail UK [47]
Trangrad STS Games Germany [47]
Ultimate Rugby Ultra Sports UK [47]
Ultimate Test Simon Williams UK [47]
Ultra Cricket Ultra Sports UK [47]
Ultra Tennis Ultra Sports UK [47]
Viking Saga Viking Saga UK [47]
Vitriol Received Wisdom UK [47]
War of the Dark God Morton Larsen UK [47]
Warlord KJC Games UK [47]
Wild World Web Received Wisdom UK [47]
Winning Post Adrian Glover UK [47]
World Fictional Wrestling Chris Bury, World Fictional Wrestling UK [47]
World War I Battles Agema Publications UK [47]
Worlds Apart Colin Andrews UK [47]
Wottascore Camelot Games UK [47]
WOW Russell Smith UK [47]
WW IV Blitz Pagoda Games UK [47]
WW IV H2H Pagoda Games UK [47]
Xott Antony Dunks UK [47]
Xott Solo Antony Dunks UK [47]

Notes
  1. For example, in 1993, play-by-mail gaming company Schubel & Sons sold all games and licenses to Northwest Simulations.[4]
  2. For example, in the March/April 1993 issue of Paper Mayhem magazine, Prime Time Simulations announced that its play-by-mail game World Conquest was licensed to multiple companies in Europe and was available in English, French, German, Dutch, and Italian.[5]
  3. Games include those that moved past playtesting and were introduced to the market as paid games with players
  4. Publishers occasionally changed for play-by-mail games when companies bought the rights to games or licensed games from the original publishers. Publishers noted in this list are as of the date of the reference cited.
  5. Games include those that moved past playtesting and were introduced to the market as paid games with players
  6. Publishers occasionally changed for play-by-mail games when companies bought the rights to games or licensed games from the original publishers. Publishers noted in this list are as of the date of the reference cited.
gollark: I don't know about the serial thing, but what you *can* do is use a Raspberry Pi with a video capture thing (there are these dirt-cheap Chinese HDMI input sticks, or a HDMI to CSI thing which exists for some reason) and also make it emulate a USB keyboard/mouse.
gollark: You don't get IPMI in nonserver stuff mostly.
gollark: Well, it would be "using" cats if it involved strapping cameras to cats or something.
gollark: True, true.
gollark: Additionally, imagine not using JPEG XL.

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Works cited
  • Appelcline, Shannon (2011). Designers & Dragons. Mongoose Publishing. ISBN 978-1-907702-58-7.
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