Krems an der Donau

Krems an der Donau (German pronunciation: [ˈkʁɛms ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈdoːnaʊ̯]; Czech: Kremže) is a town of 23,992 inhabitants in Austria, in the federal state of Lower Austria. It is the fifth-largest city of Lower Austria and is approximately 70 kilometres (43 miles) west of Vienna. Krems is a city with its own statute (or Statutarstadt), and therefore it is both a municipality and a district.

This article is about the city. For the river, see Krems (Lower Austria).

Krems
View of Krems
Coat of arms
Krems
Location of Krems in Austria
Coordinates: 48°25′N 15°37′E
CountryAustria
StateLower Austria
DistrictStatutory city (Austria)
Town rights1305
Government
 • MayorReinhard Resch (SPÖ)
 • First Vice-MayorEva Hollerer (SPÖ)
 • Second Vice-MayorErwin Krammer (ÖVP)
Area
 • City51.66 km2 (19.95 sq mi)
Elevation
203 m (666 ft)
Population
 (2018-01-01)[2]
 • City24,610
 • Density465/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
 • Urban
c. 50,000
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
3500, 3506 (Krems-Süd)
Area code02732, 02739 (Krems-Süd)
License plateKS
Websitewww.krems.at

Geography

Krems is located at the confluence of the Krems and Danube Rivers at the eastern end of Wachau valley, in the southern Waldviertel.

Krems borders the following municipalities: Stratzing, Langenlois, Rohrendorf bei Krems, Gedersdorf, Traismauer, Nußdorf ob der Traisen, Paudorf, Furth bei Göttweig, Mautern an der Donau, Dürnstein, and Senftenberg.

History
View of Krems in 1679
View of Krems in 1900
View of Krems in 2006
Danube in Krems with the harbour in background

Krems was first mentioned in 995 in a certificate of Otto III,[3] but settlement was apparent even before then. For example, a child's grave, over 27,000 years old, was found here. This is the oldest grave found in Austria.

During the 11th and 12th centuries, Chremis, as it was then called, was almost as large as Vienna.

Krems is the primary producer of Marillenschnaps, an apricot brandy.

Krems is the hometown of Martin Johann Schmidt, called "Kremserschmidt", the leading painter, draughtsman and etcher of the Austrian late Baroque.

City division
  • Innenstadt (Inner City)
  • Weinzierl
  • Mitterau
  • Stein
  • Egelsee
  • Rehberg
  • Am Steindl
  • Gneixendorf
  • Lerchenfeld
  • Krems-Süd (South Krems)

Population development

The population (with principal residence status) in the agglomeration was about 50,000 at the end of 2010.

Climate
Climate data for Krems
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 16.8
(62.2)		 21.1
(70.0)		 24.9
(76.8)		 27.8
(82.0)		 31.6
(88.9)		 36.8
(98.2)		 36.0
(96.8)		 36.5
(97.7)		 33.5
(92.3)		 27.2
(81.0)		 23.5
(74.3)		 16.1
(61.0)		 36.8
(98.2)
Average high °C (°F) 3.1
(37.6)		 5.1
(41.2)		 10.2
(50.4)		 15.3
(59.5)		 20.6
(69.1)		 23.3
(73.9)		 25.8
(78.4)		 25.5
(77.9)		 20.4
(68.7)		 14.5
(58.1)		 7.5
(45.5)		 3.7
(38.7)		 14.6
(58.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.6
(30.9)		 0.8
(33.4)		 4.9
(40.8)		 9.3
(48.7)		 14.6
(58.3)		 17.6
(63.7)		 19.5
(67.1)		 18.9
(66.0)		 14.3
(57.7)		 8.9
(48.0)		 3.7
(38.7)		 0.7
(33.3)		 9.4
(48.9)
Average low °C (°F) −3.2
(26.2)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 0.8
(33.4)		 4.5
(40.1)		 9.0
(48.2)		 12.0
(53.6)		 13.8
(56.8)		 13.4
(56.1)		 9.7
(49.5)		 4.9
(40.8)		 0.8
(33.4)		 −2.1
(28.2)		 5.1
(41.2)
Record low °C (°F) −22.8
(−9.0)		 −20.0
(−4.0)		 −18.1
(−0.6)		 −4.7
(23.5)		 −0.2
(31.6)		 1.3
(34.3)		 5.7
(42.3)		 4.8
(40.6)		 0.6
(33.1)		 −7.9
(17.8)		 −16.3
(2.7)		 −22.7
(−8.9)		 −22.8
(−9.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 17.3
(0.68)		 21.0
(0.83)		 27.4
(1.08)		 37.5
(1.48)		 58.2
(2.29)		 80.2
(3.16)		 79.8
(3.14)		 62.0
(2.44)		 45.5
(1.79)		 28.3
(1.11)		 33.6
(1.32)		 24.9
(0.98)		 515.7
(20.3)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 8.3
(3.3)		 7.5
(3.0)		 6.2
(2.4)		 0.2
(0.1)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 4.2
(1.7)		 6.8
(2.7)		 33.2
(13.1)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 5.0 5.1 5.8 6.5 9.0 9.9 9.6 8.4 6.9 5.0 7.2 6.0 84.4
Average snowy days (≥ 1.0 cm) 10.1 6.9 2.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 6.2 27.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours 55.3 88.8 127.4 171.5 219.6 214.2 238.5 234.9 157.3 120.9 53.9 41.9 1,724.2
Source: Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics[4]

Main sights
Old Town of Krems
The Steiner Tor in Krems
Piarist Church
Dreifaltigkeitssäule
View of Stein an der Donau, a quarter in the west end of the city
View of Stein (from the left to the right: Frauenbergkirche, Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus, Minoritenkirche)

Old town
  • Bürgerspitalkirche
  • Dominikanerkirche
  • Dreifaltigkeitssäule
  • Göglhaus
  • Gozzoburg
  • Großes Sgraffitohaus
  • Pfarrkirche St. Veit
  • Piaristenkirche
  • Pulverturm
  • Rathaus
  • Simandlbrunnen
  • Steiner Tor: The gate, erected in 1480, is the second remaining medieval gate

Outside the Old Town
  • Frauenbergkirche
  • Göttweigerhofkapelle
  • Großer Passauerhof
  • Karikaturmuseum Krems
  • Kloster Und
  • Kremser Tor
  • Kunsthalle Krems
  • Forum Frohner
  • Landesgalerie Niederösterreich[5]
  • Linzer Tor
  • Mauthaus
  • Minoritenkirche
  • Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus
  • Salzstadl
  • University Krems

Transport
Krems Central Station
Motorway to Vienna in the industrial area of Krems

The city's main railway station is a junction of the Franz-Josefs Railway to Vienna, the Kremser Railway to St. Pölten, the Donauufer Railway to Spitz and the regional railway to Horn. It is at the intersection of the Stockerauer Speedway S5 and the Kremser Speedway S33, and is traversed by the Danube Road B3, the Retzer Road B35, the Kremser Road B37 and the Langenloiser Road B218. Krems is a junction of the Wieselbus bus lines, which provides radial connections between Sankt Pölten and the different regions of Lower Austria.

Main Roads

  • Stockerauer Schnellstraße (S5) from Krems to Vienna
  • Kremser Schnellstraße (S33) from Krems to St. Pölten
  • Donau Straße (B3) from Krems to Linz
  • Aggsteiner Straße (B33) from Krems to Melk
  • Retzer Straße (B35) from Krems to Retz
  • Kremser Straße (B37) from Krems to Rastenfeld
  • Langenloiser Straße (B218) from Krems to Langenlois

Railroad

Air traffic

In the city

A network of four bus lines operates at regular intervals within the city. Every summer, a tourist train connects the ancient parts of the city with museums, the central railway station and the passenger ship terminal of Krems.

Politics

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 40 members and since the municipal elections in 2017 it consists of the following parties:

Municipal elections in Krems were held, as the same time as the Austrian legislative election, 2017 on 15 October 2017.

City's senate

The city's senate consists of 10 members:

  • SPÖ: 5 members
  • ÖVP: 4 members
  • FPÖ: 1 members

Public facilities

Educational facilities
Bundesrealgymnasium Krems Ringstraße
Danube University Krems

Prison
  • Justizanstalt Stein is a prison housing some of Austria's worst offenders.

Leisure and sports sites

Swimming is available at Kremser Strandbad (indoor swimming pool) and outdoor.

Personalities linked to Krems an der Donau
Wilhelm Miklas, 3rd President of Austria
  • Matthias Abele (1616–1677), town clerk and writer of the 17th century.
  • Josef Bayer (1882–1931), director of Natural History Museum in Vienna, one of the discoverers of the Venus of Willendorf
  • Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944), photochemist and pioneer of Picture
  • Julius Ernest Wilhelm Fučík (1872–1916) composer and conductor; 1891-1894 military musician in Krems (1st Commitment)
  • Wilhelm Gause (1853–1916), painter
  • Gregor Hradetzky, (1909–1984), canoeist and organ builder
  • Wolfgang Kummer (1935–2007), physicist
  • Maria Anna Laager (1788–1866), mother of the composer and pianist Franz Liszt
  • Ulrike Lunacek (born 1957), journalist and politician
  • Margaret of Babenberg (1204–1266), Queen of Bohemia and Duchess of Austria wife of Heinrich (HRR) (VII.) and Premysl Otakar II, lived in Krems;
  • Jakob Oswald of Mayreck (1669–1745), businessman and mayor, in which he has set up house lived Kochel
  • Josef Meller (1874–1963), university professor of ophthalmology
  • Eduard Melly (born 1814), numismatist
Franz Cölestin Schneider 1854

Twin towns

Krems is twinned with the following cities:

gollark: If I avoid the piano, I'll feel quite happy about that for a bit and soon probably forget.
gollark: If a piano falls out of a window in front of me, and it hits me and nonfatally injures me in a way which leaves me hospitalized for months and losing a limb, I will be VERY unhappy.
gollark: You'll also have probably have experienced lots of unhappiness about the almost-dying, depending on how it happens exactly.
gollark: Some of them are actually just in simulations being fed entirely fake GTech™ buildings.
gollark: And have either turned them all or fed them false data?

References
  1. "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  2. "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  3. "Krems an der Donau - Wasserwerk".
  4. "Klimadaten von Österreich 1971-2000 -Krems" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Retrieved 6 September 2012.
  5. "Gallery of Lower Austria". www.lgnoe.at. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
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