Immigration Department (Hong Kong)

The Immigration Department of the Government of Hong Kong is responsible for immigration control of Hong Kong. After the People's Republic of China assumed sovereignty of the territory in July 1997, Hong Kong's immigration system remained largely unchanged from its British predecessor model. Residents from mainland China do not have the right of abode in Hong Kong, nor can they enter the territory freely, both before and after 1997. There are different regulations that apply to residents of Macau, another Special Administrative Region of China. In addition, visa-free entry acceptance regulations into Hong Kong for passport holders of some 170 countries remain unchanged before and after 1997.

For the Malaysian government agency, see Immigration Department of Malaysia.

Immigration Department
入境事務處
Agency overview
Formed4 August 1961[1]
JurisdictionHong Kong
HeadquartersImmigration Tower, 7 Gloucester Road, Wan Chai
Employees6,569
Minister responsible
Agency executive
  • Erick Tsang Kwok-wai, Director
WebsiteOfficial website
Immigration Department
Traditional Chinese入境事務處
Pre-handover Name
Traditional Chinese人民入境事務處
Politics and government
of Hong Kong
Related topics
 Hong Kong portal

In a special arrangement, although Hong Kong's residents of Chinese descent are defined as citizens of the People's Republic of China, as stipulated by the Basic Law, Hong Kong's Immigration Department is responsible for issuing Hong Kong SAR passports for Hong Kong residents who are also PRC citizens seeking international travel.

History
Flag of Immigration Department, 1988–1997.
Badge of Immigration Department, 1988–1997.

Prior to the 1950s, immigration to Hong Kong was not controlled by the government of Hong Kong and migrants freely entered Hong Kong. By the end of World War II, the influx of migrants from China to Hong Kong to flee Communist rule resulted in immigration control.

From 1949 to 1961, registration of persons with identification was required under the Registration of Persons Ordinance 1949 and established a Commissioner of Registration.

Until the establishment of Immigration Department on 4 August 1961, immigration control in Hong Kong was handled by the Hong Kong Police Force.[2] The Immigration Service Ordinance 1961 created the new department in charge of immigration control. Later in 1977, the department enlarged its functions to cover registration of persons by amalgamating with the Registration of Persons Office and Director of Immigration also assumed as Commissioner of Registration.[3] In 1979, the department took over from the Registrar General civil registration duties and the Director of Immigration was appointed as Registrar of Births and Deaths, and Registrar of Marriages.

The Department is headquartered in the Immigration Tower in Wan Chai North.

Roles
Castle Peak Bay Immigration Centre and Immigration Service Institute of Training and Development in Castle Peak Bay, Tuen Mun

The Department performs the following roles:

  • Preventing visits by prominent human rights and democracy advocates, upon the direction of the mainland government.[4]
  • Immigration control at the checkpoints (Hong Kong International Airport as well as Mainland-Hong Kong port of entry)
  • HK Resident Affairs (by Division of Registration of Persons)
    • Issuing Hong Kong Identity Card (both permanent and non-permanent)
    • Birth registration
    • Death certification
    • Marriage certification
  • Registering/Denouncing Chinese citizenship
  • Naturalization of HK permanent residents who wish to be Chinese citizens
  • Issuing Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport to permanent residents who are Chinese citizens
  • Issuing Hong Kong Document of Identity for Visa Purposes for HK residents who can obtain neither a national passport nor Hong Kong passport.[5]

Directors of the Immigration Department (Since 1 July 1997)
Main article: Director of Immigration

Application for British National (Overseas) Passport

Prior to the handover of Hong Kong in 1997, the Immigration Department was responsible for processing BN(O) passport applications. After the handover, the UK Government then took over the issue of BN(O) passport.[6]

Ranks
Immigration Tower

As with all of the HK Disciplined Services, British-pattern ranks and insignia continue to be utilised, the only change being the exchange of the St. Edward's Crown for the Bauhinia Flower crest post-1997. The ranks are listed below with their UK equivalences in brackets:

  • Director of Immigration (General)
  • Deputy Director of Immigration (Lieutenant-General)
  • Assistant Director of Immigration (Major-General)
  • Senior Principal Immigration Officer (Colonel)
  • Principal Immigration Officer (Lieutenant-Colonel)
  • Assistant Principal Immigration Officer (Major)
  • Chief Immigration Officer (Captain)
  • Senior Immigration Officer (Lieutenant with a silver bar beneath)
  • Immigration Officer (Lieutenant)
  • Immigration Officer (Probationary) (Second Lieutenant) (with effect from 19 April 2010)
  • Assistant Immigration Officer (Second Lieutenant) (discontinued in November 1998)
  • Chief Immigration Assistant (three silver bars)
  • Senior Immigration Assistant (two silver bars)
  • Immigration Assistant (silver bar)[7]

List of notable activists refused entry to Hong Kong
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Name Time
Chen Wei-ting June 2014[8]
Benedict Rogers October 2017[9]
Chang Tieh-chih December 2017[10][11][12]
Victor Mallet November 2018[13]
Freddy Lim December 2018[14]
Albert del Rosario June 2019[15]
Feng Congde June 2019[16]
Dan Garrett
See also: Congressional-Executive Commission on China
 September 2019[17][18]
Kenneth Roth January 2020[19]
gollark: And I think `as` is a keyword for the sole purpose of `with ... as x`
gollark: I really don't see why `in` and `is` need to be dedicated keywords.
gollark: ``` and as assert async[note 1] await[note 1] break class continue def del elif else except exec[note 2] False[note 3] finally for from global if import in is lambda None nonlocal[note 3] not or pass print[note 2] raise return True[note 3] try while with yield```Oh, and I found this list of keywords here.
gollark: To someone who just wants to parse XML, that makes absolutely no sense.
gollark: ```Structured Markup Processing Tools html — HyperText Markup Language support html.parser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser html.entities — Definitions of HTML general entities XML Processing Modules xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API xml.dom — The Document Object Model API xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees xml.sax — Support for SAX2 parsers xml.sax.handler — Base classes for SAX handlers xml.sax.saxutils — SAX Utilities xml.sax.xmlreader — Interface for XML parsers xml.parsers.expat — Fast XML parsing using Expat```

See also

References
  1. Press Release
  3. "Registration of Persons Department". Archived from the original on 3 July 2009. Retrieved 25 March 2009.
  4. "Why China's move to bar Human Rights Watch chief from Hong Kong was contrary to the city's Basic Law". Hong Kong Free Press. 14 January 2020. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  5. "Hong Kong Travel Documents". Retrieved 11 November 2012.
  6. "British national (overseas)". GOV.UK. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 February 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. "Hong Kong Denies Entry to Taiwan Author Who Supported Pro-Democracy Movement". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  9. Lee, Danny (11 October 2017). "British human rights activist refused entry to Hong Kong". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
  10. Ng, Kang-chung; Leung, Christy (7 December 2017). "Taiwanese politics and culture commentator Chang Tieh-chih barred from entering Hong Kong". SCMP. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  11. Tong, Elson; Cheng, Kris (6 December 2017). "Taiwanese writer Chang Tieh-chih says he was denied entry to Hong Kong". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  12. Miao, Zong-han; Chang, S.C. "Taiwan protests after culture official denied entry to Hong Kong". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  13. Lum, Alvin; Su, Xinqi; Sum, Lok-kei; Ng, Naomi. "British Journalist Victor Mallet denied entry to Hong Kong as tourist". SCMP. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
  14. Chan, Holmes (24 December 2018). "Hong Kong says pro-independence Taiwan band member barred as he lacks 'special skills, knowledge or experience'". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  15. "Ex-Filipino minister denied entry to HK: lawyer". RTHK. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  16. "Ex-Tiananmen leader denied entry into Hong Kong ahead of June 4". Hong Kong Economic Journal. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
  17. "Academic denied entry to HK after US testimony". RTHK. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  18. "US academic denied Hong Kong entry after US Congress testimony". ABS-CBN News. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  19. 人權觀察執行長表示由紐約飛抵香港後被拒入境 . RTHK. 2020-1-13

Order of precedence
Preceded by
Hong Kong Police Force		 Immigration Department (Hong Kong) since 1961 Succeeded by
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