Hillsborough County, New Hampshire

Hillsborough County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2010 census, the population was 400,721.[1] The population was estimated at 417,025 in 2019.[2] Its county seats are Manchester and Nashua. Hillsborough is northern New England's most populous county as well as its most densely populated. Hillsborough County comprises the Manchester-Nashua, NH Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in turn constitutes a portion of the Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area.

Hillsborough County
U.S. county
Hillsborough County Courthouse in Nashua
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of New Hampshire
New Hampshire's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 42°53′44″N 71°34′58″W
Country United States
State New Hampshire
Founded1769
Named forThe Earl of Hillsborough
SeatManchester and Nashua
Largest cityManchester (by population)
Weare (by area)
Area
 • Total892.5 sq mi (2,312 km2)
 • Land876.5 sq mi (2,270 km2)
 • Water15.9 sq mi (41 km2)  1.8%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total400,710
 • Estimate 
(2019)
417,025
 • Density473.7/sq mi (182.9/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districts1st, 2nd
Websitehcnh.org

History

Hillsborough was one of the five original counties identified for New Hampshire in 1769, and was named for Wills Hill, the Earl of Hillsborough who was British Secretary of State for the Colonies at the time. The county was organized at Amherst on March 19, 1771. In 1823 a number of towns were removed to become part of Merrimack County. Over several years ending in 1869, county administrative functions were moved from Amherst first to Milford in 1866 then to the current seats of Manchester and Nashua.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 892 square miles (2,310 km2), of which 876 square miles (2,270 km2) is land and 16 square miles (41 km2) (1.8%) is water.[3] The highest point in Hillsborough county is Pack Monadnock Mountain at 2,290 feet (700 m).

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
179032,883—
180043,89933.5%
181049,24912.2%
182053,8849.4%
183037,724−30.0%
184042,49412.6%
185057,47835.3%
186062,1408.1%
187064,2383.4%
188075,63417.7%
189093,24723.3%
1900112,64020.8%
1910126,07211.9%
1920135,5127.5%
1930140,1653.4%
1940144,8883.4%
1950156,9878.4%
1960178,16113.5%
1970223,94125.7%
1980276,60823.5%
1990336,07321.5%
2000380,84113.3%
2010400,7215.2%
Est. 2019417,025[2]4.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[4]
1790-1960[5] 1900-1990[6]
1990-2000[7] 2010-2018[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 400,721 people, 155,466 households, and 103,959 families residing in the county.[8] The population density was 457.4 inhabitants per square mile (176.6/km2). There were 166,053 housing units at an average density of 189.5 per square mile (73.2/km2).[9] The racial makeup of the county was 90.4% white, 3.2% Asian, 2.1% black or African American, 0.2% American Indian, 2.1% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 5.3% of the population.[8]

Of the 155,466 households, 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.1% were non-families, and 25.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.05. The median age was 39.3 years.[8]

For the period 2011–2015, 24.8% of the county's population had French ancestry (including 9.9% of the total population with French Canadian ancestry), 20.9% had Irish, 13.1% had English, 10.2% had Italian, and 8.2% had German ancestry.[10] For the same time period, the estimated median annual income for a household in the county was $71,244, and the median income for a family was $85,966. Male full-time workers had a median income of $60,349 versus $44,270 for females. The per capita income for the county was $35,242. About 5.8% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.7% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.[11]

Politics and government

Long the most populated county in New Hampshire, Hillsborough County has played a vital role in shaping the state's politics as a whole, although it has shifted in its own leanings over the years. Historically a Republican county going back to the 19th century, the county's more urban population made it receptive to Democrats in the early 20th century at a time when much of New England was solidly Republican. The county- and the state as a whole- voted Republican in every election since the founding of the Republican Party in 1856 until 1912, when both the county and the state were won by Democrat Woodrow Wilson. Four years later, Wilson's margin of victory in Hillsborough County enabled him to narrowly win the state as a whole despite losing the majority of counties, and making New Hampshire the only state to vote Democratic in New England and the entire Northeast in 1916.

In 1928, Hillsborough was the only county in New Hampshire to vote for Democrat Al Smith over Republican Herbert Hoover, and in the 1930s Franklin Roosevelt would solidify Democratic dominance there. In 1936, FDR would carry only 3 of New Hampshire's 10 counties, but his strong win in Hillsborough allowed him to narrowly win the state while neighboring Vermont and Maine were the only states in the nation to vote against him. In the 1940s, Roosevelt would take over 60% of the vote Hillsborough County, allowing him to win the state of New Hampshire by more comfortable margins in 1940 and 1944. The county would vote Democratic in every presidential election that followed until the 1970s, except for a win by Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956, although it was still the only county in the state where Eisenhower failed to break 60% of the vote.

In the 1970s, shifting partisan allegiances and the growth of conservative Boston exurbs in southern New Hampshire caused a dramatic shift in Hillsborough County's politics, which also caused the state as a whole to become more conservative. Beginning in 1972, the county became reliably Republican in presidential elections, peaking in 1984, when Ronald Reagan would take over 70% of the vote there.

Although still one of the more Republican regions of the state, in the following years Democrats have made inroads and today it is an important swing county. Both Republicans George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush would win it twice each, but Democrat Bill Clinton won it in 1996, and Barack Obama has won it twice in both 2008 and 2012, bolstering his wins of the state's electoral votes each time. In the 2012 presidential election, Time had listed Hillsborough as one of five critical counties affecting the outcome in the swing state of New Hampshire. Obama ended up winning with a margin of 50%-49%.[12] Donald Trump narrowly carried the county in 2016.

Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[13]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 46.7% 100,013 46.5% 99,589 6.8% 14,555
2012 48.6% 99,991 49.7% 102,303 1.6% 3,373
2008 47.5% 97,178 51.2% 104,820 1.3% 2,711
2004 51.0% 99,724 48.2% 94,121 0.8% 1,582
2000 48.7% 80,649 46.8% 77,625 4.5% 7,487
1996 40.5% 59,441 48.6% 71,282 10.9% 15,912
1992 39.0% 61,620 37.0% 58,470 23.9% 37,750
1988 65.0% 88,261 33.7% 45,799 1.3% 1,718
1984 70.7% 81,462 28.9% 33,314 0.4% 475
1980 59.8% 68,994 27.6% 31,789 12.6% 14,521
1976 53.1% 53,581 45.2% 45,544 1.7% 1,755
1972 64.4% 65,274 34.3% 34,739 1.4% 1,364
1968 46.0% 42,409 49.3% 45,423 4.7% 4,337
1964 32.9% 29,503 67.1% 60,236
1960 42.4% 38,430 57.6% 52,135
1956 55.5% 45,248 44.4% 36,234 0.1% 46
1952 49.7% 41,263 50.3% 41,802
1948 39.9% 28,257 59.1% 41,789 1.0% 696
1944 38.0% 25,921 62.0% 42,306 0.0% 9
1940 38.1% 26,201 61.9% 42,580
1936 38.1% 23,293 57.2% 34,992 4.7% 2,895
1932 41.5% 23,308 57.8% 32,458 0.7% 395
1928 45.2% 24,465 54.5% 29,457 0.3% 165
1924 51.7% 22,098 37.4% 16,002 10.9% 4,673
1920 54.4% 23,040 44.3% 18,736 1.3% 546
1916 46.3% 9,927 51.1% 10,939 2.6% 562
1912 35.9% 8,007 40.0% 8,909 24.1% 5,378
1908 57.3% 12,568 39.7% 8,701 3.1% 669
1904 57.5% 12,603 40.3% 8,831 2.2% 470
1900 58.8% 12,653 38.7% 8,339 2.5% 543
1896 67.8% 13,080 25.7% 4,965 6.5% 1,248
1892 52.1% 9,875 46.3% 8,785 1.6% 303
1888 52.1% 9,460 46.5% 8,439 1.5% 267
1884 53.3% 8,540 44.2% 7,075 2.5% 404
1880 55.1% 8,689 44.4% 7,001 0.5% 80
1876 54.6% 8,190 45.2% 6,790 0.2% 29

County Commission

The executive power of Hillsborough County's government is held by three county commissioners, each representing one of the three commissioner districts within the county.[14]

Districts Name Hometown Party
District 1 Toni Pappas (Chair) Manchester, NH Republican
District 2 Paul Bergeron (Clerk) Nashua, NH Democratic
District 3 Robert Rowe (Vice Chair) Amherst, NH Republican

In addition to the County Commission, there are five directly-elected officials: they include County Attorney, Register of Deeds, County Sheriff, Register of Probate, and County Treasurer.[15]

Office Name
County Attorney Michael Conlon (D)
Register of Deeds Edward Sapienza (I)
County Sheriff Jim Hardy (R)
Register of Probate Elizabeth Ropp (D)
County Treasurer David Fredette (R)

Legislative branch

The legislative branch of Hillsborough County is made up of all of the members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from the county. In total, as of August 2018 there are 122 members from 45 different districts.

Affiliation Members Voting share
Democratic Party 80 65.6%
Republican Party 42 34.4%
Total 122 100%

Communities

Cities

Towns

Census-designated places

Villages

Former towns
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gollark: ↑
gollark: Oh, so matt just retroactively conjured tons of gold.

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  2. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 16, 2019.
  3. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on December 27, 2014. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  4. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  5. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  6. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  7. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  8. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  9. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  10. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  11. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  12. "The White House - Obama's Path to Victory", Time, pp. 16–17, November 19, 2012
  13. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  14. http://sos.nh.gov/2016CountyGen.aspx?id=8589963641
  15. http://hcnh.org/Departments

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