Harjit Sajjan

Harjit Singh Sajjan, PC OMM MSM CD MP (/ˈhɑːrdʒiːt ˈsɪŋ ˈsædʒən/, HAR-jeet SING SAJ-ən; born September 6, 1970) is an Indian–Canadian politician and retired Canadian Army officer. A member of the Liberal Party, he is the current Minister of National Defence and a Member of Parliament representing the riding of Vancouver South. He is Canada's first Sikh Minister of National Defence.[2] Sajjan was first elected during the 2015 federal election, defeating Conservative incumbent MP Wai Young. Sajjan was sworn into Cabinet as Minister of National Defence, headed by Justin Trudeau, on November 4, 2015. Before politics, Sajjan was a detective investigating gangs for the Vancouver Police Department and at the same time a lieutenant-colonel in the Canadian Armed Forces decorated for his service in Afghanistan. Sajjan was also the first Sikh Canadian to command a Canadian Army reserve regiment.

Lieutenant-Colonel the Honourable Harjit Sajjan PC OMM MSM CD MP
Sajjan in Brussels, 2017
42nd Minister of National Defence
Incumbent
Assumed office November 4, 2015
Prime Minister	Justin Trudeau
Preceded by	Jason Kenney
Member of the Canadian Parliament for Vancouver South
Incumbent
Assumed office October 19, 2015
Preceded by	Wai Young
Personal details
Born	(1970-09-06) September 6, 1970 Bombeli, Punjab, India
Nationality	Canadian
Political party	Liberal
Spouse(s)	Kuljit Kaur
Children	2
Military service
Allegiance	Canada
Branch/service	Canadian Army
Years of service	1989–2015[1]
Rank	Lieutenant-Colonel
Unit	The Royal Canadian Regiment
Commands	The British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own)
Battles/wars	Bosnian War (WIA) War in Afghanistan Operation Medusa
Awards	Order of Military Merit Meritorious Service Medal Canadian Forces Decoration South-West Asia Service Medal General Campaign Star Commendation Medal NATO Service Medal Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal
Police career
Department	Vancouver Police Department
Branch	Gang crime unit
Status	Retired

Early and personal life

Harjit Singh Sajjan was born on September 6, 1970,[3] in Bombeli, a village in the Hoshiarpur district of Punjab, India.[4] Sajjan's father, Kundan Sajjan, was a Head constable with the Punjab Police in India,[5] and is currently a member of the World Sikh Organization (WSO), a Sikh advocacy group.[6] Harjit Singh, along with his mother and older sister, immigrated to Canada in 1976, when he was five years old, to join their father who had left for British Columbia two years earlier to work at a sawmill.[4][7] While the family was getting established in their new life in Canada, his mother worked on berry farms in BC Lower Mainland during the summer where Harjit Singh and his sister would frequently join her.[7] Harjit Singh grew up in a neighbourhood in South Vancouver.[7]

Harjit Singh married Kuljit Kaur, a family physician, in 1996, and they have a son and a daughter. Their son's name is Arjun Sajjan and their daughter's name is Jeevut Sajjan.[7][8]

Sajjan was baptized as a Sikh when he was a teenager, seeing it as a way to get away from a bad crowd, such as his classmate Bindy Johal.[4][9]

Military and police career

Sajjan joined The British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own) in 1989 as a trooper and was commissioned in 1991. He eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was deployed overseas four times in the course of his career: once to Bosnia and Herzegovina, and three times to Afghanistan.[6] Sajjan was wounded during his service in Bosnia.[4] Sajjan began his 11-year career as an officer of the Vancouver Police Department after returning from his Bosnian deployment.[6][7] He ended his career with the Vancouver Police Department as a detective with the department's gang crimes unit specializing in drug trafficking[6] and organized-crime investigation.[7][9]

Sajjan's first deployment to Afghanistan was shortly before the start of Operation Medusa in 2006, during which he took leave from his work in the Vancouver Police Department's gang squad.[7] He deployed with the 1st Battalion, Royal Canadian Regiment Battle Group in Kandahar and worked as a liaison officer with the Afghan police.[4] Sajjan found that corruption in the Afghan government was driving recruitment to the Taliban.[4] After reporting these findings to Brigadier General David Fraser, Sajjan was tasked with helping the general plan aspects of Operation Medusa.[4]

Fraser evaluated Sajjan's leadership during the operation as "nothing short of brilliant".[4] When Sajjan returned to Vancouver, Fraser sent a letter to the police department which called Sajjan "the best single Canadian intelligence asset in theatre", stated that his work saved "a multitude of coalition lives", and noted that the Canadian Forces should "seek his advice on how to change our entire tactical intelligence training and architecture".[7][10][11] Sajjan was mentioned in dispatches for the usefulness of his tactical counterinsurgency knowledge in the planning and implementation of an unnamed operation in September 2006 to secure important terrain.[12]

Upon his return, Sajjan left his position with the Vancouver Police, but stayed as a reservist and started his own consulting business that taught intelligence gathering techniques to Canadian and American military personnel.[4] He also consulted for US policy analyst and Afghanistan expert Barnett Rubin, which began as a correspondence over Sajjan's views on how to tackle the Afghan opium trade and evolved into a collaboration as advisers to American military and diplomatic leaders in Afghanistan.[7][13]

Sajjan returned to Afghanistan for another tour of duty in 2009, taking another tour of leave from the Vancouver Police Department to do so.[7] Having already taken two leaves of absence, Sajjan had to leave the Vancouver Police Department for his third tour of duty in 2010, during which he was assigned as a Special Assistant to then Major-General James L. Terry, the commander of American forces in Afghanistan.[7][10]

In 2011, he became the first Sikh to command a Canadian Army reserve regiment when he was named commander of The British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own).[14]

He was bestowed with the Meritorious Service Medal in 2012[15] for diluting the Taliban's influence in Kandahar Province.[6] He has also been awarded the Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal.[6] He also received the Order of Military Merit award. He also served as an Aide-de-Camp to the Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia.[16]

His Sikh beliefs require him to keep his facial hair which prevents the use of regular military gas masks, so Sajjan invented his own gas mask that worked with his beard, and patented it in 1996.[9][17]

Political career

Sajjan speaking at the Halifax International Security Forum in 2016

Sajjan was elected for the riding of Vancouver South during the 2015 federal election, defeating Conservative incumbent MP Wai Young.[18][19][20] Sajjan was appointed Minister of National Defence in the federal Cabinet, headed by Justin Trudeau, on November 4, 2015.[21] He was also appointed acting Minister of Veterans Affairs on February 12, 2019.

His alleged links with the Khalistan movement have caused diplomatic friction with Punjab's chief minister, Amarinder Singh.[22] Harjit Sajjan also has faced allegations from the New Democrats that he is "playing down his connections to the detainee controversy during the [Afghanistan] combat mission [Medusa], where Canadians handed over prisoners to torture by Afghan authorities."[23]

In September 2019, Sajjan attended an event that was held to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, for which he was subsequently criticized.[24][25][26] A spokesman for Sajjan said that he appeared in his capacity as a candidate for his riding and did not stay for long.[26]

Controversy over role in Operation Medusa

In an April 2017 public speech in New Delhi, Sajjan called himself "the architect" of Operation Medusa, a September 2006 Canadian offensive to remove Taliban fighters from around Kandahar.[12] In July 2015, Sajjan had made the same claim during an episode of the B.C. program Conversations That Matter, stating that General Jonathan Vance, the Chief of the Defence Staff at the time the story broke in 2017, saw him as "the architect" in the 2006 offensive.[27][28] At the time of Operation Medusa, Sajjan was a Major in the reserves and a liaison officer to Task Force Kandahar, where large combat operations such as Medusa were usually worked upon by generals and colonels.[29]

One of the anonymous officers cited in the National Post, which first broke the story, called Sajjan's statement "a bald-faced lie", while others praised him on a personal level and for his expert intelligence work, but found his claim "really, quite outrageous" because the planning for Operation Medusa was collaborative.[12][29] Canadian historian Jack Granatstein said that Sajjan was a skilled intelligence officer who would have presented important intelligence in the leadup to the operation, but that he "certainly wouldn't have been the chief planner". Granatstein said that while the mistake was not one that was worth resigning over, but it would still hurt his relationship with the military.[12] In an interview on AM640, Christopher Vernon, a British officer who served as Chief of Staff for NATO forces in Southern Afghanistan at Kandahar during Medusa, said that Sajjan's role in the planning was "more than integral" and that Sajjan was a "pivotal player" in the operation. Vernon noted that Sajjan had worked "hand-in-glove" with the Australian lieutenant colonel who was the lead planner and that without Sajjan's intelligence work, the operation would not have happened.[30] Brigadier-General David Fraser had also extensively praised the indispensable nature of Sajjan's role in Operation Medusa.[31]

Sajjan issued apologies in which he apologized to members of the Canadian Forces, the United States Armed Forces, and the Afghan Armed Forces in the operation, and noted that the successes of Operation Medusa were due to the contributions of all members of the Canadian Forces who were involved. Sajjan also acknowledged that describing himself as "the architect" was a mistake, and highlighted the role of Brigadier-General David Fraser in leading the team that planned the operation.[12][27][32][33]

Sajjan was supported by Justin Trudeau amidst calls from the opposition called for him to resign.[34][35] A failed vote of no confidence in Sajjan was put forth by the Conservative Party of Canada in the House of Commons.[36][37]

Honours and decorations

Sajjan received the following honours and decorations during and after his military career.

Ribbon	Description	Notes
	Order of Military Merit (OMM)	Officer October 17, 2012 Invested June 20, 2014 [38]
	Meritorious Service Medal (MSM)	Awarded August 22, 2012 Military Division
	South-West Asia Service Medal	With Clasp "AFGHANISTAN"
	General Campaign Star	South West Asia Ribbon 2 Rotation Bars
	Mentioned in dispatches	Awarded June 4, 2008
	NATO Service Medal	Former Yugoslavia
	Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal
	Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal	2002 Within the Gift of HM Queen Elizabeth II of Canada [39]
	Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal	2012 Within the Gift of HM Queen Elizabeth II of Canada [40]
	Canadian Forces Decoration (CD)	1 Clasp
	Commendation Medal	From the Secretary of Defense of the United States of America
	Chief of Defence Staff Commendation
	Deputy Minister Award	From the Department of National Defence

Electoral record

2019 Canadian federal election: Vancouver South
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Harjit Sajjan	17,808	41.2	-7.61
	Conservative	Wai Young	14,388	33.3	-0.58
	New Democratic	Sean McQuillan	8,015	18.6	+4.63
	Green	Judy Zaichkowsky	2,451	5.7	+3.12
	People's	Alain Deng	532	1.2	–
Total valid votes/Expense limit			43,194	100.0
Total rejected ballots			431
Turnout			43,625	58.9
Eligible voters			74,114
	Liberal hold		Swing		-
Source: Elections Canada[41][42]

2015 Canadian federal election: Vancouver South
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Harjit Sajjan	21,773	48.81	+15.05	$161,402.16
	Conservative	Wai Young	15,115	33.88	-8.54	$118,748.27
	New Democratic	Amandeep Nijjar	6,230	13.97	-7.10	$63,954.79
	Green	Elain Ng	1,149	2.58	+0.37	$5,232.68
	Marxist–Leninist	Charles Boylan	178	0.40	–	–
	Progressive Canadian	Raj Gupta	166	0.37	–	–
Total valid votes/Expense limit			44,611	100.00		$203,440.39
Total rejected ballots			259	0.58	–
Turnout			44,870	64.04	–
Eligible voters			70,062
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing		+11.80
Source: Elections Canada[43][44]

References

1. Pugliese, David (November 10, 2015). "Defence Minister Harjit Sajjan released from military — so he doesn't have to take orders from generals". National Post. Postmedia Network Inc. Postmedia News. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
2. Pugliese, David (April 12, 2018). "Harjit Sajjan orders crackdown as Canadian Forces Facebook page features racist, vulgar comments". Ottawa Citizen.
3. "Military camaraderie cuts across political lines for two B.C. candidates". Vancouver Sun. April 18, 2015.
4. Bramham, Daphne (September 18, 2012). "Who are we? Part 12: In defence of the rights of others (with video)". www.vancouversun.com. Vancouver Sun. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
5. "Hoshiarpur village rejoices as Sajjan wins". www.tribuneindia.com.
6. Baluja, Tamara (November 5, 2015). "Harjit Sajjan: Meet Canada's new 'badass' defence minister". CBC News. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
7. Geddes, John (March 8, 2016). "Behind the sunglasses: Harjit Sajjan's rise to cabinet". Macleans.ca. Macleans. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
8. "Harjit Sajjan: Meet Canada's new 'badass' defence minister". cbc.ca. November 5, 2015.
9. "Canada's New Defense Minister Made His Own Gas Mask to Work With His Sikh Beard". Foreign Policy.
10. "You have no idea how badass Trudeau's Defence Minister really is". National Observer.
11. Garossino, Sandy (April 29, 2017). "Here's what Harjit Sajjan really did with OPERATION MEDUSA". National Observer. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
12. Campion-Smith, Bruce (April 28, 2017). "Defence Minister Harjit Sajjan pays price for rash battlefield boast". Toronto Star. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
13. Rubin, Barnett; Sherman, Jake (2008). Counter-Narcotics to Stabilize Afghanistan: The False Promise of Crop Eradication (PDF). New York University. pp. 57–58. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
14. Garima Goswami, Taking Command - Lieutenant-Colonel Harjit Singh Sajjan, Darpan Magazine, April 20, 2013.
15. "The Governor General of Canada > Find a Recipient". gg.ca.
16. Meet Harjit Sajjan, Liberal.ca.
17. CA patent 2189378, "Protective hood"
18. Jon Azpiri (October 19, 2015). "Liberal Harjit Sajjan defeats Tory incumbent Wai Young in Vancouver South". Global News. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
19. "Canada election 2015: List of elected B.C. candidates". CBC News. October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
20. "19 Indian-Canadians elected to Canadian parliament". The Economic Times. October 20, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
21. "Full list of Justin Trudeau's cabinet". CBC News.
22. By M.D. (May 8, 2017). "A minister's faith complicates Canada's relations with India". The Economist.
23. Chase, Steven. "Opposition denounce Defence Minister Sajjan, make case for non-confidence". Theglobeandmail.com.
24. "Glavin: Liberals still kowtowing to China's thugs –– just with a bit more subtlety than usual". Ottawa Citizen. Ottawa Citizen. October 2, 2019.
25. "Harjit Sajjan criticized for attending event celebrating Chinese regime". iPolitics. iPolitics. September 30, 2019.
26. "Defence minister ripped for attending gala honouring Chinese Communist Party anniversary". NP. NP. September 30, 2019. “During the event, Mr. Sajjan delivered brief remarks where he spoke of the long-standing focus of the organization on promoting diversity and their efforts to grant Chinese-Canadians the right to vote. Mr. Sajjan took the opportunity to state that the Chinese government needed to address the consular cases of the two arbitrarily detained Canadians. Mr. Sajjan believes in standing up for the rights of Canadians and has done so on numerous occasions. Shortly following the remarks, Mr. Sajjan departed. … Mr. Sajjan did not stay for dinner.”
27. Campion-Smith, Bruce (April 29, 2017). "Harjit Sajjan apologizes for claim about Afghan offensive". Toronto Star. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
28. "Canada Minister of Defense Lt Col Harjit Sajjan: Fighting Terrorism". YouTube. Conversations That Matter, with Stuart McNish, presented by the Simon Fraser University Centre for Dialogue. July 2, 2015. Statement at 14:08. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
29. Fisher, Matthew (April 27, 2017). "Sajjan retracts claim he was 'architect' of Canada's biggest combat operation in Afghanistan". National Post. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
30. Dwivedi, Supriya (May 10, 2017). "Operation Medusa wouldn't have happened without Minister Sajjan". Global News. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
31. Garossino, Sandy (April 29, 2017). "Here's what Harjit Sajjan really did with OPERATION MEDUSA". National Observer. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
32. Sajjan, Harjit (April 29, 2017). "I made a mistake in describing my role. I wish to retract that description and apologize for it. I am truly sorry: www.facebook.com/harjit.sajjan.7/posts/675523262650123 …". Twitter. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
33. Sajjan, Harjit (April 29, 2017). "The response to my remarks about Operation Medusa has been a good reminder of something important for me as a leader - always set a standard that honours those you serve". Facebook. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
34. "Opposition accuses defence minister of 'stolen valour' in demanding resignation for Afghan battle claim". CBC News. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
35. "Trudeau backs Sajjan after exaggerated combat claim from Afghanistan mission | Toronto Star". thestar.com. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
36. "Liberals vote down Conservatives' non-confidence motion against Sajjan". The Globe and Mail. May 9, 2017. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
37. "Tories target Trudeau over inflated claims by defence minister - NEWS 1130". NEWS 1130. May 3, 2017. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
38. "The Governor General of Canada > Find a Recipient". gg.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
39. "The Governor General of Canada > Find a Recipient". gg.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
40. "The Governor General of Canada > Find a Recipient". gg.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
41. "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
42. "Election Night Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
43. Canada, Elections. "Voter Information Service - Who are the candidates in my electoral district?". www.elections.ca.
44. Canada, Elections. "Final Election Expenses Limits for Candidates". www.elections.ca.

External links

• Official Website
• Bio & mandate from the Prime Minister
• Harjit Sajjan – Parliament of Canada biography

29th Ministry – Cabinet of Justin Trudeau
Cabinet post (1)
Predecessor	Office	Successor
Jason Kenney	Minister of National Defence 2015–present	Incumbent