Demographics of Uttar Pradesh

The demographics of Uttar Pradesh is a complex topic, which is undergoing dynamic change. Uttar Pradesh is India's most populous state. It has a population of about 199,812,341[1] as per the 2011 census. If it were a separate country, Uttar Pradesh would be the world's fifth most populous nation, next only to China, India, the United States of America and Indonesia. Uttar Pradesh has a population more than that of Pakistan.[2] There is an average population density of 828 persons per km² i.e. 2,146 per sq mi. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow, and Allahabad serves as the state’s judicial capital. Hindus and Muslims both consider the state as a holy place.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Bind, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.[3] The Literacy rate of the state according to the 2011 Census is 70.69%. With the literacy rate for Males at 79.20%, while it is 59.30% for the Females. While this is still below the national average of 74.04% (82.14% for men, 65.16% for women) the rate of growth has been much higher in Uttar Pradesh as compared to the rest of India.

District

As of the 2011 census, Allahabad is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh while Mahoba being the least populated. Only 3 districts of Jaunpur, Azamgarh and Deoria have a sex ratio greater than 1000 while Gautam Buddha Nagar stands lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12% and Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-correlation among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. Districts of Srawasti, Bahraich and Balrampur haven't even crossed the 50% literacy mark yet.

The following table enumerates population, sex-ratio and literacy rates for each district of Uttar Pradesh:

District-wise demographics of UP (2011 Census)[4]

District	Population			Sex ratio	Literacy rate [lower-roman 1]
	Male	Female	Total		Male	Female	Total
Agra	2,364,953	2,053,844	4,418,797	868	80.62%	61.18%	71.58%
Aligarh	1,951,996	1,721,893	3,673,889	882	77.97%	55.68%	67.51%
Allahabad	3,131,807	2,822,584	5,954,391	901	82.55%	60.99%	72.32%
Ambedkar Nagar	1,212,410	1,185,478	2,397,888	978	81.66%	62.66%	72.23%
Auraiya	740,040	639,505	1,379,545	864	86.11%	70.61%	78.95%
Azamgarh	2,285,004	2,328,909	4,613,913	1,019	81.34%	60.91%	70.93%
Baghpat	700,070	602,978	1,303,048	861	82.45%	59.95%	72.01%
Bahraich	1,843,884	1,643,847	3,487,731	892	58.34%	39.18%	49.36%
Ballia	1,672,902	1,566,872	3,239,774	937	81.49%	59.75%	70.94%
Balrampur	1,114,721	1,033,944	2,148,665	928	59.73%	38.43%	49.51%
Banda	965,876	833,534	1,799,410	863	77.78%	53.67%	66.67%
Bara Banki	1,707,073	1,553,626	3,260,699	910	70.27%	52.34%	61.75%
Bareilly	2,357,665	2,090,694	4,448,359	887	67.50%	48.30%	58.49%
Basti	1,255,272	1,209,192	2,464,464	963	77.88%	56.23%	67.22%
Bijnor	1,921,215	1,761,498	3,682,713	917	76.56%	59.72%	68.48%
Budaun	1,967,759	1,714,137	3,681,896	871	60.98%	40.09%	51.29%
Bulandshahr	1,845,260	1,653,911	3,499,171	896	80.93%	55.57%	68.88%
Chandauli	1,017,905	934,851	1,952,756	918	81.72%	60.35%	71.48%
Chitrakoot	527,721	464,009	991,730	879	75.80%	52.74%	65.05%
Deoria	1,537,436	1,563,510	3,100,946	1,017	83.27%	59.38%	71.13%
Etah	947,339	827,141	1,774,480	873	81.28%	58.80%	70.81%
Etawah	845,856	735,954	1,581,810	870	86.06%	69.61%	78.41%
Faizabad	1,259,628	1,211,368	2,470,996	962	78.12%	59.03%	68.73%
Farrukhabad	1,006,240	878,964	1,885,204	874	77.40%	59.44%	69.04%
Fatehpur	1,384,722	1,248,011	2,632,733	901	77.19%	56.58%	67.43%
Firozabad	1,332,046	1,166,110	2,498,156	875	80.82%	61.75%	71.92%
Gautam Buddha Nagar	890,214	757,901	1,648,115	851	88.06%	70.82%	80.12%
Ghaziabad	2,488,834	2,192,811	4,681,645	881	85.42%	69.79%	78.07%
Ghazipur	1,855,075	1,765,193	3,620,268	952	82.80%	60.29%	71.78%
Gonda	1,787,146	1,646,773	3,433,919	921	69.41%	47.09%	58.71%
Gorakhpur	2,277,777	2,163,118	4,440,895	950	81.80%	59.36%	70.83%
Hamirpur	593,537	510,748	1,104,285	861	79.76%	55.95%	68.77%
Hardoi	2,191,442	1,901,403	4,092,845	868	74.39%	53.19%	64.57%
Jalaun	906,092	783,882	1,689,974	865	83.48%	62.46%	73.75%
Jaunpur	2,220,465	2,273,739	4,494,204	1,024	83.80%	59.81%	74%
Jhansi	1,057,436	941,167	1,998,603	890	85.38%	63.49%	75.05%
Jyotiba Phule Nagar	963,449	876,772	1,840,221	910	74.54%	52.10%	63.84%
Kannauj	881,776	774,840	1,656,616	879	80.91%	63.33%	72.70%
Kanpur Dehat	963,255	832,929	1,796,184	865	83.45%	66.86%	75.78%
Kanpur Nagar	2,459,806	2,121,462	4,581,268	862	83.62%	75.05%	79.65%
Kanshiram Nagar	764,165	672,554	1,436,719	880	71.56%	49.00%	61.02%
Kaushambi	838,485	761,111	1,599,596	908	72.78%	48.56%	61.28%
Kheri	2,123,187	1,898,056	4,021,243	894	69.57%	50.42%	60.56%
Kushinagar	1,818,055	1,746,489	3,564,544	961	77.71%	52.36%	65.25%
Lalitpur	641,011	580,581	1,221,592	906	74.98%	50.84%	63.52%
Lucknow	2,394,476	2,195,362	4,589,838	917	82.56%	71.54%	77.29%
Mahamaya Nagar	836,127	728,581	1,564,708	871	82.38%	59.23%	71.59%
Mahoba	466,358	409,600	875,958	878	75.83%	53.22%	65.27%
Mahrajganj	1,381,754	1,302,949	2,684,703	943	75.85%	48.92%	62.76%
Mainpuri	993,377	875,152	1,868,529	881	84.53%	66.30%	75.99%
Mathura	1,367,125	1,180,059	2,547,184	863	81.97%	56.89%	70.36%
Mau	1,114,709	1,091,259	2,205,968	979	82.45%	63.63%	73.09%
Meerut	1,825,743	1,617,946	3,443,689	886	80.74%	63.98%	72.84%
Mirzapur	1,312,302	1,184,668	2,496,970	903	78.97%	56.86%	68.48%
Moradabad	2,503,186	2,268,820	4,772,006	906	64.83%	47.86%	56.77%
Muzaffarnagar	2,193,434	1,950,078	4,143,512	889	78.44%	58.69%	69.12%
Pilibhit	1,072,002	959,005	2,031,007	895	71.70%	50.00%	61.47%
Pratapgarh	1,606,085	1,603,056	3,209,141	998	81.88%	58.45%	70.09%
Rae Bareli	1,752,542	1,653,017	3,405,559	943	77.63%	56.29%	67.25%
Rampur	1,223,889	1,111,930	2,335,819	909	61.40%	44.44%	53.34%
Saharanpur	1,834,106	1,632,276	3,466,382	890	78.28%	61.74%	70.49%
Sant Kabir Nagar	869,656	845,527	1,715,183	972	78.39%	54.80%	66.72%
Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)	807,099	771,114	1,578,213	955	81.47%	56.03%	68.97%
Shahjahanpur	1,606,403	1,400,135	3,006,538	872	68.18%	49.57%	59.54%
Shrawasti	593,897	523,464	1,117,361	881	57.16%	34.78%	46.74%
Siddharthnagar	1,295,095	1,264,202	2,559,297	976	70.92%	47.41%	59.25%
Sitapur	2,375,264	2,108,728	4,483,992	888	70.31%	50.67%	61.12%
Sonbhadra	971,344	891,215	1,862,559	918	74.92%	52.14%	64.03%
Sultanpur	1,914,586	1,882,531	3,797,117	983	80.19%	58.28%	69.27%
Unnao	1,630,087	1,478,280	3,108,367	907	75.05%	56.76%	66.37%
Varanasi	1,921,857	1,754,984	3,676,841	913	83.78%	66.69%	75.60%
Uttar Pradesh	104,480,510	95,331,831	199,812,341	912	77.28%	57.18%	67.68%
For Literacy rate, population aged 7 and above only is considered in India.

Rank of districts

Population Growth
Census	Population		%±
1951	60,274,000		—
1961	70,144,000		16.4%
1971	83,849,000		19.5%
1981	105,137,000		25.4%
1991	132,062,000		25.6%
2001	166,198,000		25.8%
2011	199,581,477		20.1%
Source:Census of India[5]

Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.[6]

By area

1. Lakhimpur Kheri -8,780
2. Sonbhadra - 6,999
3. Hardoi - 5,986
4. Bahraich - 5,745
5. Sitapur - 5,743

By population

1. Allahabad - 5,954,391
2. Moradabad - 4,772,006
3. Ghaziabad - 4,681,645
4. Azamgarh - 4,613,913
5. Lucknow - 4,589,838
6. Kanpur Nagar - 4,581,268
7. Jaunpur - 4,494,204
8. Sitapur - 4,483,992
9. Bareilly - 4,448,359
10. Gorakhpur - 4,440,895

By population density

1. Ghaziabad - 1995
2. Varanasi - 1954
3. Lucknow - 1456
4. Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) - 1409
5. Kanpur Nagar - 1369

By literacy

1. Gautam Budha Nagar(Noida) - 80.12%
2. Kanpur Nagar - 79.65%
3. Auraiya - 78.95%
4. Etawah - 78.41%
5. Ghaziabad - 78.07%

By sex ratio

1. Jaunpur - 1024
2. Azamgarh -1018
3. Deoria - 1003
4. Mau - 984
5. Pratapgarh - 982
6. Ambedkar Nagar- 978
7. Faizabad - 972
8. Sultanpur - 965
9. Basti - 963
10. Sant Kabir Nagar -960

Religion

In U.P. the religion-wise percentage of population is Hindus 79.80, Muslims 19.03, Sikhs 0.32, Christians 0.18, Jains 0.11, Buddhists 0.10 while 0.29% people didn't state their religion.[6][7]

Religion-wise percentage of UP (2017 Census)[4]

Religion	Rural	Urban	Total
Buddhist	0.09%	0.02%	0.10%
Christian	0.09%	0.09%	0.18%
Hindu	70.80%	9.00%	79.80
Jain	0.02%	0.09%	0.11%
Muslim	10.64%	8.59%	19.23%
Other religions and persuasions	0.00%	0.00%	0.01%
Religion not stated	0.19%	0.10%	0.29%
Sikh	0.22%	0.11%	0.32%
Grand Total	77.73%	22.27%	100.00%

Literacy among women is quite low, going as low as 50.59% in Muslim community. On the contrary, the Jain community with quite high literacy rates, for both males and females as well. Also noteworthy is that Sikh and Hindu communities have very poor sex-ratios.

Religion-wise demographics of UP (2011 Census)[4]

Religion	Population			Sex ratio	Literacy rate [lower-roman 1]
	Male	Female	Total		Male	Female	Total
Hindu	83,555,724	75,756,930	159,312,654	907	79.73%	58.61%	69.68%
Muslim	19,867,314	18,616,653	38,483,967	937	66.42%	50.59%	58.76%
Christian	182,838	173,610	356,448	950	79.44%	67.54%	73.63%
Sikh	341,451	302,049	643,500	885	84.91%	73.15%	79.35%
Buddhist	107,424	98,861	206,285	920	79.19%	57.07%	68.59%
Jain	110,994	102,273	213,267	921	95.81%	92.16%	94.05%
Other religions and persuasions	7,070	6,528	13,598	923	80.18%	61.30%	71.11%
Religion not stated	307,695	274,927	582,622	894	78.37%	60.84%	70.01%
Uttar Pradesh	104,480,510	95,331,831	199,812,341	912	77.28%	57.18%	67.68%
For Literacy rate, population aged 7 and above only is considered in India.

District-wise religious population

Population count for each district (with percentages[lower-roman 1]) as per 2011 Census.[4]

District-wise religious population

District	Buddhist		Christian		Hindu		Jain		Muslim		Sikh		Other religions		Religion not stated		District Population
	Count	%	Count	%	Count	%	Count	%	Count	%	Count	%	Count	%	Count	%
Agra	4,049	0.09%	10,076	0.23%	3,922,718	88.77%	21,508	0.49%	411,313	9.31%	12,057	0.27%	384	0.01%	36,692	0.83%	4,418,797
Aligarh	2,582	0.07%	7,635	0.21%	2,904,140	79.05%	2,805	0.08%	729,283	19.85%	5,875	0.16%	91	0.00%	21,478	0.58%	3,673,889
Allahabad	4,391	0.07%	13,782	0.23%	5,102,041	85.69%	2,247	0.04%	796,756	13.38%	4,377	0.07%	305	0.01%	30,492	0.51%	5,954,391
Ambedkar Nagar	1,817	0.08%	2,536	0.11%	1,985,654	82.81%	235	0.01%	401,678	16.75%	869	0.04%	33	0.00%	5,066	0.21%	2,397,888
Auraiya	332	0.02%	1,004	0.07%	1,273,546	92.32%	228	0.02%	101,963	7.39%	371	0.03%	444	0.03%	1,657	0.12%	1,379,545
Azamgarh	5,652	0.12%	3,810	0.08%	3,878,626	84.06%	183	0.00%	718,692	15.58%	719	0.02%	226	0.00%	6,005	0.13%	4,613,913
Baghpat	161	0.01%	1,840	0.14%	917,474	70.41%	16,139	1.24%	364,583	27.98%	483	0.04%	25	0.00%	2,343	0.18%	1,303,048
Bahraich	2,793	0.08%	6,400	0.18%	2,291,892	65.71%	1,177	0.03%	1,169,330	33.53%	8,212	0.24%	38	0.00%	7,889	0.23%	3,487,731
Ballia	1,595	0.05%	4,463	0.14%	3,004,240	92.73%	233	0.01%	213,440	6.59%	892	0.03%	64	0.00%	14,847	0.46%	3,239,774
Balrampur	1,866	0.09%	3,228	0.15%	1,333,242	62.05%	198	0.01%	805,975	37.51%	900	0.04%	87	0.00%	3,169	0.15%	2,148,665
Banda	168	0.01%	1,367	0.08%	1,637,549	91.00%	916	0.05%	157,612	8.76%	231	0.01%	50	0.00%	1,517	0.08%	1,799,410
Bara Banki	1,553	0.05%	4,857	0.15%	2,505,444	76.84%	3,016	0.09%	737,106	22.61%	2,090	0.06%	211	0.01%	6,422	0.20%	3,260,699
Bareilly	4,371	0.10%	14,822	0.33%	2,830,768	63.64%	931	0.02%	1,536,534	34.54%	28,187	0.63%	339	0.01%	32,407	0.73%	4,448,359
Basti	9,753	0.40%	3,493	0.14%	2,082,976	84.52%	107	0.00%	364,510	14.79%	900	0.04%	99	0.00%	2,626	0.11%	2,464,464
Bijnor	1,736	0.05%	6,184	0.17%	2,032,081	55.18%	2,134	0.06%	1,585,210	43.04%	50,624	1.37%	41	0.00%	4,703	0.13%	3,682,713
Budaun	1,959	0.05%	6,320	0.17%	2,867,707	77.89%	678	0.02%	790,515	21.47%	1,135	0.03%	87	0.00%	13,495	0.37%	3,681,896
Bulandshahr	669	0.02%	4,088	0.12%	2,707,195	77.37%	1,572	0.04%	777,407	22.22%	2,765	0.08%	86	0.00%	5,389	0.15%	3,499,171
Chandauli	340	0.02%	2,153	0.11%	1,727,869	88.48%	100	0.01%	215,081	11.01%	1,389	0.07%	1,175	0.06%	4,649	0.24%	1,952,756
Chitrakoot	101	0.01%	693	0.07%	955,372	96.33%	285	0.03%	34,559	3.48%	63	0.01%	27	0.00%	630	0.06%	991,730
Deoria	1,182	0.04%	3,626	0.12%	2,730,957	88.07%	209	0.01%	358,539	11.56%	818	0.03%	146	0.00%	5,469	0.18%	3,100,946
Etah	2,887	0.16%	2,464	0.14%	1,611,126	90.79%	5,671	0.32%	146,346	8.25%	708	0.04%	18	0.00%	5,260	0.30%	1,774,480
Etawah	1,733	0.11%	1,362	0.09%	1,457,892	92.17%	3,917	0.25%	113,961	7.20%	1,045	0.07%	94	0.01%	1,806	0.11%	1,581,810
Faizabad	737	0.03%	3,225	0.13%	2,094,271	84.75%	358	0.01%	365,806	14.80%	1,912	0.08%	185	0.01%	4,502	0.18%	2,470,996
Farrukhabad	3,161	0.17%	3,137	0.17%	1,596,278	84.67%	487	0.03%	276,846	14.69%	3,160	0.17%	100	0.01%	2,035	0.11%	1,885,204
Fatehpur	172	0.01%	2,201	0.08%	2,274,674	86.40%	199	0.01%	350,700	13.32%	402	0.02%	47	0.00%	4,338	0.16%	2,632,733
Firozabad	3,395	0.14%	3,370	0.13%	2,140,745	85.69%	19,077	0.76%	314,812	12.60%	1,804	0.07%	61	0.00%	14,892	0.60%	2,498,156
Gautam Buddha Nagar	895	0.05%	7,366	0.45%	1,394,025	84.58%	4,518	0.27%	215,500	13.08%	9,261	0.56%	91	0.01%	16,459	1.00%	1,648,115
Ghaziabad	3,487	0.07%	19,026	0.41%	3,414,427	72.93%	16,412	0.35%	1,186,776	25.35%	23,001	0.49%	265	0.01%	18,251	0.39%	4,681,645
Ghazipur	3,145	0.09%	4,181	0.12%	3,233,790	89.32%	213	0.01%	368,153	10.17%	810	0.02%	184	0.01%	9,792	0.27%	3,620,268
Gonda	649	0.02%	4,735	0.14%	2,739,076	79.77%	338	0.01%	678,615	19.76%	1,893	0.06%	57	0.00%	8,556	0.25%	3,433,919
Gorakhpur	2,848	0.06%	9,662	0.22%	4,009,037	90.28%	460	0.01%	403,847	9.09%	2,123	0.05%	207	0.00%	12,711	0.29%	4,440,895
Hamirpur	74	0.01%	814	0.07%	1,010,014	91.46%	41	0.00%	91,269	8.26%	196	0.02%	273	0.02%	1,604	0.15%	1,104,285
Hardoi	6,671	0.16%	5,822	0.14%	3,508,131	85.71%	446	0.01%	556,219	13.59%	5,688	0.14%	98	0.00%	9,770	0.24%	4,092,845
Jalaun	2,875	0.17%	1,148	0.07%	1,509,708	89.33%	256	0.02%	171,581	10.15%	463	0.03%	145	0.01%	3,798	0.22%	1,689,974
Jaunpur	7,898	0.18%	4,947	0.11%	3,981,502	88.59%	349	0.01%	483,750	10.76%	1,286	0.03%	114	0.00%	14,358	0.32%	4,494,204
Jhansi	1,203	0.06%	7,050	0.35%	1,823,930	91.26%	7,328	0.37%	147,842	7.40%	4,951	0.25%	311	0.02%	5,988	0.30%	1,998,603
Jyotiba Phule Nagar	189	0.01%	5,952	0.32%	1,075,440	58.44%	517	0.03%	750,368	40.78%	5,295	0.29%	21	0.00%	2,439	0.13%	1,840,221
Kannauj	2,033	0.12%	1,263	0.08%	1,375,788	83.05%	606	0.04%	273,967	16.54%	504	0.03%	65	0.00%	2,390	0.14%	1,656,616
Kanpur Dehat	819	0.05%	1,300	0.07%	1,612,968	89.80%	155	0.01%	176,327	9.82%	478	0.03%	103	0.01%	4,034	0.22%	1,796,184
Kanpur Nagar	2,733	0.06%	15,751	0.34%	3,792,174	82.78%	5,710	0.12%	720,660	15.73%	29,676	0.65%	589	0.01%	13,975	0.31%	4,581,268
Kanshiram Nagar	3,907	0.27%	1,969	0.14%	1,211,427	84.32%	313	0.02%	213,822	14.88%	2,280	0.16%	72	0.01%	2,929	0.20%	1,436,719
Kaushambi	687	0.04%	2,225	0.14%	1,372,381	85.80%	545	0.03%	220,423	13.78%	522	0.03%	3	0.00%	2,810	0.18%	1,599,596
Kheri	18,454	0.46%	7,502	0.19%	3,078,262	76.55%	487	0.01%	807,600	20.08%	94,388	2.35%	226	0.01%	14,324	0.36%	4,021,243
Kushinagar	4,619	0.13%	5,006	0.14%	2,928,462	82.16%	383	0.01%	620,244	17.40%	767	0.02%	133	0.00%	4,930	0.14%	3,564,544
Lalitpur	69	0.01%	1,351	0.11%	1,163,804	95.27%	20,390	1.67%	33,724	2.76%	1,034	0.08%	41	0.00%	1,179	0.10%	1,221,592
Lucknow	3,877	0.08%	20,493	0.45%	3,537,787	77.08%	4,975	0.11%	985,070	21.46%	23,883	0.52%	504	0.01%	13,249	0.29%	4,589,838
Mahamaya Nagar	424	0.03%	1,350	0.09%	1,397,225	89.30%	1,289	0.08%	159,448	10.19%	524	0.03%	63	0.00%	4,385	0.28%	1,564,708
Mahoba	94	0.01%	965	0.11%	815,142	93.06%	234	0.03%	57,454	6.56%	389	0.04%	157	0.02%	1,523	0.17%	875,958
Mahrajganj	16,030	0.60%	3,527	0.13%	2,196,884	81.83%	243	0.01%	458,650	17.08%	1,381	0.05%	338	0.01%	7,650	0.28%	2,684,703
Mainpuri	8,814	0.47%	1,729	0.09%	1,746,649	93.48%	4,161	0.22%	100,723	5.39%	475	0.03%	38	0.00%	5,940	0.32%	1,868,529
Mathura	883	0.03%	3,179	0.12%	2,310,776	90.72%	2,056	0.08%	216,933	8.52%	2,872	0.11%	126	0.00%	10,359	0.41%	2,547,184
Mau	564	0.03%	2,109	0.10%	1,769,937	80.23%	155	0.01%	428,555	19.43%	340	0.02%	129	0.01%	4,179	0.19%	2,205,968
Meerut	1,855	0.05%	10,582	0.31%	2,183,255	63.40%	18,544	0.54%	1,185,643	34.43%	24,912	0.72%	236	0.01%	18,662	0.54%	3,443,689
Mirzapur	341	0.01%	2,373	0.10%	2,292,534	91.81%	701	0.03%	195,765	7.84%	1,133	0.05%	27	0.00%	4,096	0.16%	2,496,970
Moradabad	1,260	0.03%	13,157	0.28%	2,488,265	52.14%	2,426	0.05%	2,248,392	47.12%	7,555	0.16%	382	0.01%	10,569	0.22%	4,772,006
Muzaffarnagar	1,516	0.04%	6,495	0.16%	2,382,914	57.51%	16,345	0.39%	1,711,453	41.30%	18,601	0.45%	60	0.00%	6,128	0.15%	4,143,512
Pilibhit	360	0.02%	3,510	0.17%	1,449,007	71.34%	138	0.01%	489,686	24.11%	84,787	4.17%	45	0.00%	3,474	0.17%	2,031,007
Pratapgarh	7,795	0.24%	3,920	0.12%	2,731,351	85.11%	746	0.02%	452,394	14.10%	1,451	0.05%	43	0.00%	11,441	0.36%	3,209,141
Rae Bareli	722	0.02%	3,634	0.11%	2,975,998	87.39%	397	0.01%	413,243	12.13%	2,424	0.07%	602	0.02%	8,539	0.25%	3,405,559
Rampur	384	0.02%	9,201	0.39%	1,073,890	45.97%	1,307	0.06%	1,181,337	50.57%	65,316	2.80%	63	0.00%	4,321	0.18%	2,335,819
Saharanpur	1,937	0.06%	6,523	0.19%	1,966,892	56.74%	10,208	0.29%	1,454,052	41.95%	18,627	0.54%	135	0.00%	8,008	0.23%	3,466,382
Sant Kabir Nagar	4,393	0.26%	1,766	0.10%	1,300,586	75.83%	95	0.01%	404,410	23.58%	447	0.03%	35	0.00%	3,451	0.20%	1,715,183
Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)	1,562	0.10%	1,365	0.09%	1,368,291	86.70%	161	0.01%	203,887	12.92%	199	0.01%	7	0.00%	2,741	0.17%	1,578,213
Shahjahanpur	2,312	0.08%	4,630	0.15%	2,412,595	80.24%	301	0.01%	527,581	17.55%	51,090	1.70%	84	0.00%	7,945	0.26%	3,006,538
Shrawasti	323	0.03%	1,427	0.13%	768,643	68.79%	68	0.01%	343,981	30.79%	407	0.04%	56	0.01%	2,456	0.22%	1,117,361
Siddharthnagar	11,964	0.47%	3,042	0.12%	1,789,704	69.93%	179	0.01%	748,073	29.23%	681	0.03%	356	0.01%	5,298	0.21%	2,559,297
Sitapur	2,663	0.06%	6,579	0.15%	3,555,450	79.29%	1,410	0.03%	893,725	19.93%	11,611	0.26%	79	0.00%	12,475	0.28%	4,483,992
Sonbhadra	1,747	0.09%	3,963	0.21%	1,738,769	93.35%	487	0.03%	103,567	5.56%	1,649	0.09%	1,907	0.10%	10,470	0.56%	1,862,559
Sultanpur	9,989	0.26%	4,453	0.12%	3,119,590	82.16%	426	0.01%	650,261	17.13%	1,629	0.04%	336	0.01%	10,433	0.27%	3,797,117
Unnao	920	0.03%	3,574	0.11%	2,732,016	87.89%	240	0.01%	363,453	11.69%	1,204	0.04%	31	0.00%	6,929	0.22%	3,108,367
Varanasi	1,146	0.03%	7,696	0.21%	3,107,681	84.52%	1,898	0.05%	546,987	14.88%	3,309	0.09%	298	0.01%	7,826	0.21%	3,676,841
STATE[lower-roman 2]	206,285	0.10%	356,448	0.18%	159,312,654	79.73%	213,267	0.11%	38,483,967	19.26%	643,500	0.32%	13,598	0.01%	582,622	0.29%	199,812,341
Percentages are calculated out of total population for respective district, depicting the share of a religion's population in that district. Percentages in 'STATE' are calculated out of total population of UP, depicting the share of each religion's population

Caste

As per 2011 census, Dalits constitute 21.1% of Uttar Pradesh population.[8][9][10] Mallah community is divided in 27 sub-castes. Other Backward Classes (OBCs) constitute 40% of Uttar Pradesh’s population.[11][12][13][14] Yadavs form the single largest group amongst the OBCs, with around 20% population.[15] There are 200-odd OBCs in U.P. In Uttar Pradesh, Muslims are divided into 68 castes and sub-castes, 35 of them are OBCs. Forward castes constitute around 18–20% of Uttar Pradesh population,[16][17] in which Brahmins are 12–14%[18] and Thakurs are 7–8%.[18] For accurate caste population data in India, Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes (General castes, OBC/EBCs) in India.[19][20][21][22][23]

Castes of Uttar Pradesh[24][25][26][27][28][29]
Caste	Population (%)
OBC	40%
Dalits(SCs)	20.8%
Tribals(STs)	0.1%
Forward caste	23%
Muslims	19%
Others	0.9%

Racial and ancestral makeup

Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of over 199.5 million people on 1 March 2011. It is more populated than the world's 242 countries. If independent it would be the 6th largest country in the world as per Population. At the 2001 census of India, about 80% of Uttar Pradesh population is Hindu, while Muslims make up around 18% of the population, most of whom are ethnic Pathans. The remaining population consists of Sikhs, Buddhists, Christians and Jains.

The population of Uttar Pradesh is divided into numerous castes and sub-castes. Historically, Hindu society is divided into four sub-divisions or varnas, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. Muslims are also divided as the Shias and Sunnis. In actual practice, Hindu society in generally used to be divided into numerous lineage groups called jatis. Each jati is then sub-divided into clans, called gotras.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.[3]

Languages

Green = Brij or Harit Pradesh, Yellow = Awadh, Blue = Bundelkhand, Purple = Purvanchal, White = Baghelkhand

Most people in Uttar Pradesh speak Hindustani, which in a literate form is referred to as Hindi and Urdu.

In addition, the people of Uttar Pradesh speak a variety of local dialects of Hindi, which are not always easy to classify or identify. E.g., the language of Allahabad is often classified today as Awadhi, but, its actually a mix of several surrounding dialects, including Awadhi and Bundelkhandi. Most Allahabadis refer to their dialect as Allahabadi. Furthermore, in neighbouring Banda, the dialect is exactly the same, but, they refer to it as Bundelkhandi.

It's said that in India, the dialects change every 50-mile, and its particularly true of Uttar Pradesh.

The dialect map of Uttar Pradesh is complex, but, in general, in three of the five sub regions of UP, viz, the Doab, Rohilkhand, and Bundelkhand, both Western and Eastern Hindi, as well as a mixture of the two are spoken. E.g., in Upper and parts of lower Doab (till Etawah), various forms of western Hindi are spoken, including Khari boli and Brij Bhasha. In the rest of lower Doab, various mixes of western and Eastern Hindi (Brij Bhasha/ Bundelkhandi and Awadhi) are spoken). Likewise, in Western Bundelkhand, Bundeli (a language closely related with Brij Bhasha) is spoken, while in Eastern Bundelkhand the dialect is still called 'Bundeli' but is part of Eastern Hindi (actually a mixture of Western and Eastern Hindi). In Western Rohilkhand, Khari boli is spoken. in Central Rohilkhand a mix of Awadhi and Khari boli is spoken, while in Eastern Rohilkhand, Awadhi is the dialect.

In the other two sub-regions of UP, viz., Awadh and Purvanchal too, there exist a wide variation in the dialects spoken. Awadhi is the main dialect in the Awadh sub-region of Uttar Pradesh. But, its form changes from west to east. In western Purvanchal, Eastern Hindi (Awadhi) is spoken, while in districts adjoining Bihar, Bhojpuri, also known as Bihari language is spoken. In southern Purvanchal, Baghelkhandi (a form of Eastern Hindi) is the predominant dialect.

As mentioned earlier, often these dialects merge into each other, for example in Shahjahanpur, in Rohilkhand, Khari boli merges into Awadhi.[30]

Likewise, older districts of Basti, Jaunpur, and western Mirzapur in Purvanchal and Shahjehanpur, Pilbhit, Eastern Badayun and Eastern Farrukhabad in central UP are Awadhi speaking.

Uttar Pradesh: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.[31]
Mother tongue code	Mother tongue	People	Percentage
001002	Assamese	10,288	0.01%
002007	Bengali	240,966	0.12%
005018	Gujarati	11,938	0.01%
006030	Awadhi	3,801,743	1.90%
006102	Bhojpuri	21,844,783	10.93%
006123	Brajbhasha	713,572	0.36%
006125	Bundeli/Bundel khandi	1,303,940	0.65%
006142	Chhattisgarhi	12,308	0.01%
006195	Garhwali	22,914	0.01%
006235	Haryanvi	16,166	0.01%
006240	Hindi	160,159,977	80.16%
006311	Khari Boli (Kauravi)	16,355	0.01%
006340	Kumauni	11,059	0.01%
006489	Rajasthani	13,382	0.01%
010008	Maithili	16,989	0.01%
011016	Malayalam	24,338	0.01%
013071	Marathi	24,115	0.01%
014011	Nepali	18,734	0.01%
015043	Odia	24,071	0.01%
016038	Punjabi	508,599	0.25%
019014	Sindhi	28,937	0.01%
020027	Tamil	14,426	0.01%
021046	Telugu	13,918	0.01%
022015	Urdu	10,793,391	5.40%
022016	Bhansari	20,993	0.01%
040001	English	13,085	0.01%
N.A.	Others	131,354	0.07%
Total		199,812,341	100.00%

See also

• Distribution of Scheduled Castes by District in Uttar Pradesh
• List of Rajput clans of Uttar Pradesh

References

1. ORGI. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
2. "North India and south Pakistan". 23 March 2012.
3. People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan & J C Das, Manohar Publications
4. "Religion PCA - State wise".
5. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-07.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
6. "List of districts of Uttar Pradesh".
7. C1 - Population by religious community, Uttar Pradesh. Census India 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
8. Shailvee Sharda. "Job better than aid, say UP dalits". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
9. "UP polls: Why is BJP hesitating in announcing its CM candidate?". Indiatvnews.com. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
10. "Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states". The Times of India.
11. "UP has the highest OBC population in all Indian states".
12. "Why smaller castes could hold the key to power in 2017 UP Assembly polls". 29 December 2016.
13. "Survey puts OBC population at 40 pc". 3 September 2007.
14. "OBC population in UP stands at 7 crore".
15. "UP ke votebank".
16. "Why the most backward castes are crucial for BJP's sandwich alliance to succeed in Uttar Pradesh".
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18. Hebbar, Nistula (3 May 2019). "BJP striving to please Rajputs and Brahmins". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
19. "'Centre not releasing caste census data because it doesn't want to face Mandal II'". Thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
20. "Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures". Dnaindia.com. 26 August 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
21. "Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data". Scroll.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
22. "Why Is Modi Govt. Hiding Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 Data?". Youthkiawaaz.com. March 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
23. "Caste-based Census data should be made public, demand Bihar CM Nitish Kumar". The Hindu. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
24. "How BJP is changing the caste arithmetic in Uttar Pradesh | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. 1 May 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
25. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 2016-02-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
26. "The Scramble For Dalit Votes in Uttar Pradesh". Swarajyamag.com. 3 February 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
27. "UP govt declares holiday on Maharana Pratap Jayanti to 'woo' Thakur voters". English.pradesh18.com. 8 May 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
28. "Brahmins population in India".
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30. People of India: Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 21 to 23 Manohar Publications
31. C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh (Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 15 July 2020.