Gonda district

Gonda district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. The city of Gonda is the district headquarters, and also the administrative centre for the Devipatan Division.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Gonda, Uttar Pradesh.

Gonda district
District of Uttar Pradesh
Location of Gonda district in Uttar Pradesh
CountryIndia
StateUttar Pradesh
DivisionDevipatan
HeadquartersGonda, Uttar Pradesh
Tehsils4
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesGonda
 • Vidhan Sabha constituencies7

Colonelganj, Mankapur, Gonda Sadar, Gaura,

Mehneun, Tarabganj, Katra Bazar,
Area
 • Total3,404 km2 (1,314 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total3,433,919
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy85.6%
 • Sex ratio921
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationUP-43
Major highways4 NH27, UPSH 30, UPSH 9, UPSH 1A
Average annual precipitation22.4 mm
Websitehttp://gonda.nic.in/

History
Mulagandhakuti. The remains of Buddha's hut in Jetavana Monastery, Sravasti in Gonda Division

The territory covered by the present district of Gonda formed part of the ancient Kosala Kingdom. After the going of lord Rama, the celebrated sovereign of the Solar line who ruled Kosala, the kingdom was divided into two portions defined by the Ghaghara river. The northern portion was then ruled by his son, Lava with the city of Sravasti as his capital.[1]

More recently, ancient Buddhist remains dating to the early days of Buddhism have been found throughout the region, including at Sravasti.[2]

Gonda played a significant part in the Indian struggle for independence, with many people from the region actively involved: including Maharaja Aksh Valmikan, who escaped to Nepal,[3] freedom fighters like Sh. Chandra Shekhar Azad took shelter in the district, and Rajendra Lahiri was incarcerated and hanged in the Gonda Jail. India's 5th president Hon'ble Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was also educated at the Government High School in Gonda district.

In more recent times, the district received media attention throughout India due to the protracted court case surrounding the murder of 13 people known as the 1982 Gonda Encounter.[4][5]

Industry

There are several sugar mills, rice mills and many other small industries and handicraft industry. One of the India's six Indian Telephone Industries is situated at Mankapur, and the largest sugar mill in India is situated at Kundarkhi.[6]

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Gonda one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[7] It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[7]

Demographics
Religions in Gonda District
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 79.77%
Muslims
 
 19.76%
Christian
 
 0.14%
Others
 
 0.42%

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901873,630—    
1911879,226+0.06%
1921917,115+0.42%
1931980,987+0.68%
19411,070,397+0.88%
19511,168,645+0.88%
19611,279,883+0.91%
19711,409,722+0.97%
19811,749,260+2.18%
19912,204,445+2.34%
20012,765,586+2.29%
20113,433,919+2.19%
source:[8]

According to the 2011 census Gonda district has a population of 3,433,919,[9] roughly equal to the nation of Panama[10] or the US state of Connecticut.[11] This gives it a ranking of 95th in India (out of a total of 640).[9] The district has a population density of 857 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,220/sq mi).[9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 24.17%,[9] higher than the average of Uttar Pradesh (20.09%). Gonda has a sex ratio of 921 females for every 1000 males,[9] and a sex ratio among children 0–6 years old of 926, both higher than the state average (908 and 899 respectively).

The human development index of the Gonda district is very low.[12]

Languages

The official language of the district is Hindi and additional official language is Urdu. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 97.22% of the population in the district spoke Hindi and 2.68% Urdu as their first language.[13]

Languages spoken in the district include Awadhi, a tongue of the Hindi continuum spoken by over 38 million people, mainly in the Awadh region;[14] and Hindi.

Education

The effective literacy rate (7+) is 58.71%, the state average (69.72%).[9][15] The government of India has created a special scheme for underdeveloped districts through the "Backward Region Grant Fund". Gonda is one of the recipients of this fund.[16]

Public Health

Gonda has 15 hospitals, 27 Ayurvedic hospitals, 11 Homeopathic hospitals and 2 Unani hospitals, in addition to 66 Government Primary Health Centres. Gonda is one of the districts in the list of top 100 districts in order of Infant Mortality Rate in 2011 census data. It also comes in the top 57 districts with the highest maternal mortality rate[17]

Gonda has also been listed as the dirtiest city in India according to the Swachh Sarvekshan 2017.[18]

gollark: I thought it'd be something like a fraction of a second for all of human history.
gollark: Wait, only a billion?
gollark: It had the opposite effect for me.
gollark: Did you know that osmarks.tk could fit over a million times onto a standard 1TB hard disk?
gollark: Did you know it has been over 1 billion seconds since WW1?

References
  1. Gonda District at The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1908, v. 12, p. 312.
  2. "Excavations at Sravasti". IndiaDivine.org.
  3. 1857:The Oral Tradition, Pankaj Rag, Rupa Publication,2010
  4. http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/3-cops-get-death-5-life-term-for-gonda-fake-encounter.html
  5. http://www.apnnews.com/2013/04/05/3-cops-gets-death-5-get-life-in-gonda-fake-encounter-case/
  6. Official Site Archived 9 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  8. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  9. "Census 2011 - Gonda". census.gov.in. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
  10. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Panama 3,460,462 July 2011 est.
  11. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Connecticut 3,574,097
  12. Planning commission release
  13. "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  14. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Awadhi: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  15. Provisional Population Totals Paper 2 of 2011 - Uttar Pradesh
  16. "Press information release". pib.nic.in. 11 August 2006. Archived from the original on 24 May 2007.
  17. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in.
  18. "India's 'dirtiest city' Gonda ranks bottom in Swachh Bharat survey". hindustantimes.com/. 4 May 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.

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