Demographics of Burundi

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Burundi, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Demographics of Burundi, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

At 206.1 persons per km²., Burundi has the second-largest population density in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most people live on farms near areas of fertile volcanic soil. The population is made up of three major ethnic groups – Hutu (Bahutu), Tutsi (Batutsi or Watusi), and Twa (Batwa). Kirundi is the common language. Intermarriage takes place frequently between the Hutus and Tutsis. The terms "pastoralist" and "agriculturist", often used as ethnic designations for Watusi and Bahutu, respectively, are only occupational titles which vary among individuals and groups. Although Hutus encompass the majority of the population, historically Tutsis have been politically and economically dominant.

Population

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[1][2], the total population was 11,175,374 in 2018, compared to only 2 456 000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 44.8%, 52.7% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.5% was older than 65 years old .[3]

Total population Population aged 0–14 (%) Population aged 15–64 (%) Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 2 456 00040.955.93.2
1955 2 687 00042.854.13.1
1960 2 940 00044.053.03.0
1965 3 213 00045.051.93.1
1970 3 513 00044.652.23.3
1975 3 680 00045.551.13.4
1980 4 130 00044.751.83.5
1985 4 851 00043.752.93.3
1990 5 602 00044.652.33.2
1995 6 087 00046.051.03.0
2000 6 374 00046.250.92.9
2005 7 251 00041.855.42.9
2010 8 383 00037.959.32.9
2015 11 179 000 44.8 52.7 2.5

UN population projections

Numbers are in thousands. UN medium variant projections[3]

  • 2010 8,382
  • 2015 9,230
  • 2020 10,057
  • 2025 10,791
  • 2030 11,441
  • 2035 12,052
  • 2040 12,651
  • 2045 13,215
  • 2050 13,703

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Burundi not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [3]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950-1955125 00065 00060 00048.425.123.46.80167
1955-1960131 00066 00065 00046.623.623.06.80157
1960-1965139 00068 00071 00045.322.023.26.80149
1965-1970149 00069 00080 00044.520.623.86.80140
1970-1975158 00073 00085 00044.020.223.86.80137
1975-1980174 00073 000101 00044.718.825.96.80127
1980-1985204 00079 000125 00045.317.627.86.50118
1985-1990242 00091 000151 00046.317.528.96.50116
1990-1995261 000114 000147 00044.719.525.26.45126
1995-2000249 000112 000138 00040.017.922.16.08117
2000-2005245 000110 000135 00036.016.119.95.41107
2005-2010268 000116 000152 00034.314.819.54.66101
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4][5]

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
1987 6.6 5.2 6.6
2010 44.5 6.4 (4.2) 37.3 4.8 (3.4) 45.3 6.6 (4.3)
2016-17 37.9 5.5 (3.6) 33.0 4.1 (3.0) 38.5 5.7 (3.7)

Fertility data as of 2010 (DHS Program):[5]

Region Total fertility rate Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49
Bujumbura Mairie4.27.95.3
Nord6.710.16.4
Centre-Est6.310.56.6
Ouest7.111.77.2
Sud6.210.86.8

Life expectancy
Period Life expectancy in
Years[6]
1950–1955 39.03
1955–1960 40.52
1960–1965 42.03
1965–1970 43.53
1970–1975 44.23
1975–1980 46.43
1980–1985 48.03
1985–1990 49.16
1990–1995 47.30
1995–2000 50.85
2000–2005 51.97
2005–2010 53.67
2010–2015 56.09

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[7]

  • One birth every 1 minutes
  • One death every 5 minutes
  • One net migrant every 144 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 1 minutes

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[8]

Population
11,844,520 (July 2018 est.)
10,742,276
Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.)

Age structure
Population pyramid of Burundi in 2017
0-14 years: 45.52% (male 2,712,836 /female 2,678,223)
15-24 years: 19.21% (male 1,135,145 /female 1,139,717)
25-54 years: 28.7% (male 1,694,547 /female 1,704,369)
55-64 years: 3.89% (male 218,272 /female 242,855)
65 years and over: 2.69% (male 137,590 /female 180,966) (2018 est.)

Median age
total: 17.1 years. Country comparison to the world: 221st
male: 16.8 years
female: 17.3 years (2018 est.)
total: 17 years
male: 16.8 years
female: 17.2 years (2015 est.)

Population growth rate
3.23% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 4th
3.28% (2015 est.)

Total fertility rate
5.93 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd

Birth rate
40.9 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 7th

Death rate
8.6 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 74th

Net migration rate
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 77th
4.04 immigrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Population distribution

One of Africa's most densely populated countries; concentrations tend to be in the north and along the northern shore of Lake Tanganyika in the west; most people live on farms near areas of fertile volcanic soil

Urbanization
Urban population: 13% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 5.68% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth
21.3 years (2010 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29
Urban population: 12.1% of total population (2015 est.)
Rate of urbanization: 5.66% annual rate of change (2010- 15 est.)

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
total population: 61.4 years (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 203rd
male: 59.6 years (2018 est.)
female: 63.2 years (2018 est.)
Total population: 60.9 years
Male: 59.2 years
Female: 62.7 years (2017 est.)

Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 89.6 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 84.8 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 4.7 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 21.1 (2015 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate
28.5% (2016/17)

HIV/AIDS
Adult prevalence rate: 1.1% (2017 est.)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 78,000 (2017 est.)
Deaths: 1,700 (2017 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight
29.3% (2016)

Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
Vectorborne disease: malaria
Water contact disease: schistosomiasis
Animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Nationality
Noun: Burundian(s)
Adjective: Burundian

Ethnic groups
Main article: Ethnic groups in Burundi
Hutu[9] (Bantu[9]) 85%, Tutsi[9] ([9]) 14%, Twa[9] (Pygmy[9]) 1%, Europeans[9] 3,000, South Asians 2,000

[9]

Ethnic groups[9]
  • Hutu 85%
  • Tutsi 14%
  • Twa 1%
  • Europeans 3000
  • Asian 2000

Religions
Main article: Religion in Burundi
Roman Catholic[9] 62.1%, Protestant[9] 23.9% (includes Adventist[9] 2.3% and other Protestant[9] 21.6%), Islam[9] 2.5%, Other[9] 3.6%, Unspecified[9] 7.9% (2008 est.)

Languages
Further information: Languages of Burundi
Kirundi 29.7% (official), Kirundi and other language 9.1%, French (official) and French and other language 0.3%, Swahili and Swahili and other language 0.2% (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area), English and English and other language 0.06%, more than 2 languages 3.7%, unspecified 56.9% (2008 est.)[9]

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 85.6%
Male: 88.2%
Female: 83.1% (2015 est.)

Education expenditure
8.3% of GDP (2009)
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References
  1. ""World Population prospects – Population division"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  2. ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  3. "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  4. "Enquête Démographique et de Santé au Burundi 1987" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  5. "Enquête Démographique et de Santé au Burundi ABCD" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  6. "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  7. "Burundi Population 2019", World Population Review
  8. "The World FactBook - Burundi", The World Factbook, July 12, 2018 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  9. "Africa :: BURUNDI". CIA The World Factbook.

 This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document: "2008 edition".

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