Banksia serra

Banksia serra, commonly known as serrate-leaved dryandra,[2] is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has broadly linear, serrated leaves, pale yellow flowers in heads of about thirty and egg-shaped follicles.

Serrate-leaved dryandra
Illustration of Banksia serra by Philippa Nikulinsky.

Priority Four — Rare Taxa (DEC)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Banksia
Subgenus: Banksia subg. Banksia
Series: Banksia ser. Dryandra
Species:
B. serra
Binomial name
Banksia serra
Synonyms[1]
  • Dryandra serra R.Br.
  • Josephia serra (R.Br.) Kuntze

Description

Banksia serra is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 6 m (20 ft) but does not form a lignotuber. It has slender stems and broadly linear leaves 30–150 mm (1.2–5.9 in) long and 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) wide on a petiole 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) long. There are between eight and twenty broadly triangular serrations on each side of the leaves. Between twenty and thirty-six pale yellow flowers are arranged in heads with narrow egg-shaped to lance-shaped involucral bracts 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long at the base of each head. The perianth is 16–19 mm (0.63–0.75 in) long and more or less straight, and the pistil is 19–21 mm (0.75–0.83 in) long with a green pollen presenter. Flowering occurs from July to October and the follicles are egg-shaped but curved, 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in) long.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown who gave it the name Dryandra serra and published the description in the Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae from specimens collected by William Baxter near King George's Sound in 1829.[4][5] The specific epithet (serra) is a Latin word meaning "saw", referring to the leaves.[6]

In 2007, Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all the dryandras to the genus Banksia and this species became Banksia serra.[7][8]

Distribution and habitat

Banksia serra grows in woodland, forest and mallee-kwongan from the Bow River to Mount Manypeaks.[3]

Ecology

An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on this species found that its range is likely to contract by between 30% and 80% by 2080, depending on the severity of the change.[9]

Conservation status

This banksia is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[2]

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References
  1. "Banksia serra". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  2. "Banksia serra". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. p. 343. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  4. "Dryandra serra". APNI. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  5. Brown, Robert (1830). Supplementum primum prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae. London: Typis R. Taylor. p. 38. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  6. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 306. ISBN 9780958034180.
  7. "Banksia serra". APNI. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  8. Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2013). "The transfer of Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63–71. doi:10.1071/SB06016.
  9. Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Gove, Aaron D.; Sanders, Nathan J.; Dunn, Robert R. (2008). "Climate change, plant migration, and range collapse in a global biodiversity hotspot: the Banksia (Proteaceae) of Western Australia". Global Change Biology. 14 (6): 1–16. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01559.x.
  • Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret (2006). The Dryandras. Melbourne: Australian Plants Society (SGAP Victoria); Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. ISBN 1-876473-54-1.
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