2020 Alabama Democratic presidential primary

The 2020 Alabama Democratic presidential primary took place in Alabama, United States, on March 3, 2020, as one of 14 contests scheduled on Super Tuesday in the Democratic Party primaries for the 2020 presidential election, following the South Carolina primary in the weekend before. This open primary allocated 52 pledged delegates towards the 2020 Democratic National Convention, distributed in proportion to the results of the primary, statewide and within each congressional district. The state was also given an additional 9 unpledged delegates (superdelegates), whose votes at the convention were not bound to the result of the primary. Joe Biden won by an overwhelming landslide, winning every county in the state.

Main article: 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries
2020 Alabama Democratic presidential primary
March 3, 2020
61 Democratic National Convention delegates (52 pledged, 9 unpledged)
The number of pledged delegates won is determined by the popular vote
 
Candidate Joe Biden Bernie Sanders
Home state Delaware Vermont
Delegate count 44 8
Popular vote 286,065 74,755
Percentage 63.28% 16.54%
 
Candidate Michael Bloomberg Elizabeth Warren
Home state New York Massachusetts
Delegate count 0 0
Popular vote 52,750 25,847
Percentage 11.67% 5.72%
  Joe Biden
Elections in Alabama
Government

Procedure

Alabama is one of 14 states holding primaries on March 3, 2020, also known as "Super Tuesday",[1] having joined other southern states on the date after the signing of a bill shifting the date on June 10, 2015.[2]

Voting is expected to take place from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. In the open primary, candidates must meet a threshold of 15 percent at the congressional district or statewide level in order to be considered viable. The 52 pledged delegates to the 2020 Democratic National Convention will be allocated proportionally on the basis of the results of the primary. Of the 52 pledged delegates, between 4 and 8 are allocated to each of the state's 7 congressional districts and another 7 are allocated to party leaders and elected officials (PLEO delegates), in addition to 11 at-large pledged delegates. Bonus delegates will be allocated as Alabama shares a primary date with numerous other states on Super Tuesday; these numbers do not yet account for these delegates.[3]

Should presidential candidates be allocated more delegates based on the results of the primary than delegate candidates presented, then supplemental delegates will be elected at caucuses on Saturday, March 28, 2020.[4] The national convention delegation meeting will subsequently be held on Saturday, April 4, 2020, to vote on the 11 pledged at-large and 7 PLEO delegates to send to the Democratic National Convention. The 52 pledged delegates Alabama sends to the national convention will be joined by 9 unpledged PLEO delegates (7 members of the Democratic National Committee, Senator Doug Jones, and U.S. Representative Terri Sewell).[3]

Candidates

The following people filed for the presidential primary and were on the ballot in Alabama:[5]

Running

Withdrawn

Polling
Polling Aggregation
Source of poll aggregation Date
updated		 Dates
polled		 Joe
Biden		 Bernie
Sanders		 Michael
Bloomberg		 Elizabeth
Warren		 Tulsi
Gabbard		 Other/
Undecided[lower-alpha 1]
270 to Win March 3, 2020 February 28–March 2, 2020 44.5% 21.0% 18.0% 11.0% 1.0% 4.5%
RealClear Politics March 3, 2020 Insufficient recent polling to supply an average.
FiveThirtyEight March 3, 2020 until March 2, 2020[lower-alpha 2] 40.2% 18.4% 15.9% 10.9% 0.5% 14.1%
Average 42.35% 19.7% 16.95% 10.95% 0.75% 9.3%
Alabama primary results (March 3, 2020) 63.3% 16.5% 11.7% 5.7% 0.2% 2.6%
Tabulation of individual polls of the 2020 Alabama Democratic Primary
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Margin
of error		 Joe
Biden		 Michael
Bloomberg		 Cory
Booker		 Pete
Buttigieg		 Kamala
Harris		 Beto
O'Rourke		 Bernie
Sanders		 Elizabeth
Warren		 Other Undecided
Mar 1–2, 2020 Buttigieg and Klobuchar withdraw from the race
Swayable Mar 1–2, 2020 949 (LV) ± 5.0% 42% 18% – 3% – – 20% 10% 8%[lower-alpha 3] –
Data for Progress Feb 28–Mar 2, 2020 237 (LV) ± 6.4% 47% 18% – – – – 22% 12% 2%[lower-alpha 4] –
Jan 13, 2020 Booker withdraws from the race
Dec 3, 2019 Harris withdraws from the race
Nov 1, 2019 O'Rourke withdraws from the race
SurveyMonkey July 2–16, 2019 257 ± 7.8% 36% – 2% 5% 13% 1% 15% 9% 10%[lower-alpha 5] –
Change Research March 20–23, 2019 1,200 ± 2.8% 42% – 9% 3% 12% 10% 13% 6% 4%[lower-alpha 6] –
– – 14% 4% 16% 17% 27% 12% 9%[lower-alpha 7] –

Results

Popular vote share by county
  Biden—40–50%
  Biden—50–60%
  Biden—60–70%
  Biden—70–80%
2020 Alabama Democratic presidential primary[6]
Candidate Votes % Delegates[7]
Joe Biden 286,065 63.28 44
Bernie Sanders 74,755 16.54 8
Michael Bloomberg 52,750 11.67 0
Elizabeth Warren 25,847 5.72 0
Michael Bennet (withdrawn) 2,250 0.50 0
Pete Buttigieg (withdrawn) 1,416 0.31 0
Tom Steyer (withdrawn) 1,048 0.23 0
Tulsi Gabbard 1,038 0.23 0
Amy Klobuchar (withdrawn) 907 0.20 0
Andrew Yang (withdrawn) 875 0.19 0
Cory Booker (withdrawn) 740 0.16 0
John Delaney (withdrawn) 294 0.07 0
Marianne Williamson (withdrawn) 224 0.05 0
Julian Castro (withdrawn) 184 0.04 0
Uncommitted 3,700 0.82 0
Total 452,093 100% 52

Results by county
2020 Alabama Democratic primary

(results per county)[6]

County Joe Biden Bernie Sanders Michael Bloomberg Elizabeth Warren Michael Bennet Pete Buttigieg Tom Steyer Tulsi Gabbard Amy Klobuchar Andrew Yang Cory Booker John Delaney Marianne Williamson Julian Castro Uncommitted Total votes cast
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
Autauga 2,239 63.03 604 17.00 427 12.02 193 5.43 22 0.62 10 0.28 7 0.20 5 0.14 5 0.14 9 0.25 6 0.17 1 0.03 1 0.03 2 0.06 21 0.59 3,552
Baldwin 7,321 58.24 2,475 19.69 1,516 12.06 892 7.10 33 0.26 77 0.61 42 0.33 48 0.38 26 0.21 29 0.23 13 0.10 5 0.04 6 0.05 3 0.02 84 0.67 12,570
Barbour 1,899 74.97 202 7.97 287 11.33 57 2.25 31 1.22 7 0.28 5 0.20 5 0.20 5 0.20 2 0.08 6 0.24 4 0.16 4 0.16 2 0.08 17 0.67 2,533
Bibb 559 56.18 138 13.87 243 24.42 34 3.42 4 0.40 5 0.50 1 0.10 0 0 0 0 2 0.20 1 0.10 2 0.20 0 0 0 0 6 0.60 995
Blount 654 50.86 336 26.13 147 11.43 91 7.08 5 0.39 9 0.70 4 0.31 5 0.39 0 0 8 0.62 1 0.08 1 0.08 0 0 2 0.16 23 1.79 1,286
Bullock 1,569 70.20 149 6.67 356 15.93 44 1.97 41 1.83 5 0.22 3 0.13 10 0.45 6 0.27 7 0.31 6 0.27 3 0.13 3 0.13 1 0.04 32 1.43 2,235
Butler 1,451 65.92 171 7.77 507 23.03 28 1.27 9 0.41 4 0.18 4 0.18 1 0.05 1 0.05 2 0.09 3 0.14 3 0.14 2 0.09 3 0.14 12 0.55 2,201
Calhoun 4,855 61.42 1,506 19.05 881 11.14 457 5.78 32 0.40 25 0.32 12 0.15 27 0.34 22 0.28 19 0.24 13 0.16 4 0.05 8 0.10 1 0.01 43 0.54 7,905
Chambers 1,835 65.19 285 10.12 569 20.21 61 2.17 18 0.64 4 0.14 6 0.21 10 0.36 1 0.04 9 0.32 4 0.14 0 0 1 0.04 0 0 12 0.43 2,815
Cherokee 455 53.85 163 19.29 147 17.40 42 4.97 2 0.24 4 0.47 2 0.24 5 0.59 5 0.59 1 0.12 3 0.36 1 0.12 1 0.12 0 0 14 1.66 845
Chilton 856 62.25 231 16.80 168 12.22 63 4.58 15 1.09 3 0.22 7 0.51 5 0.36 2 0.15 5 0.36 2 0.15 1 0.07 0 0 0 0 17 1.24 1,375
Choctaw 1,351 59.33 216 9.49 440 19.32 30 1.32 32 1.41 11 0.48 11 0.48 17 0.75 17 0.75 7 0.31 6 0.26 1 0.04 0 0 2 0.09 136 5.97 2,277
Clarke 1,968 59.93 258 7.86 932 28.38 43 1.31 33 1.00 6 0.18 8 0.24 2 0.06 1 0.03 3 0.09 4 0.12 1 0.03 3 0.09 2 0.06 20 0.61 3,284
Clay 486 67.03 74 10.21 94 12.97 27 3.72 10 1.38 7 0.97 3 0.41 2 0.28 3 0.41 3 0.41 0 0 1 0.14 0 0 1 0.14 14 1.93 725
Cleburne 219 60.16 60 16.48 43 11.81 25 6.87 2 0.55 5 1.37 1 0.27 0 0 2 0.55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.27 6 1.65 364
Coffee 1,597 63.80 433 17.30 276 11.03 118 4.71 10 0.40 11 0.44 7 0.28 9 0.36 3 0.12 5 0.20 9 0.36 0 0 0 0 1 0.04 24 0.96 2,503
Colbert 2,996 63.58 783 16.62 603 12.80 181 3.84 26 0.55 22 0.47 7 0.15 18 0.38 9 0.19 5 0.11 7 0.15 2 0.04 1 0.02 1 0.02 51 1.08 4,712
Conecuh 1,214 48.85 254 10.22 704 28.33 52 2.09 55 2.21 5 0.20 27 1.09 14 0.56 6 0.24 9 0.36 18 0.72 5 0.20 7 0.28 3 0.12 112 4.51 2,485
Coosa 574 65.98 99 11.38 156 17.93 21 2.41 8 0.92 1 0.11 0 0 0 0 1 0.11 2 0.23 1 0.11 1 0.11 0 0 0 0 6 0.69 870
Covington 856 66.36 184 14.26 166 12.87 45 3.49 12 0.93 5 0.39 8 0.62 0 0 1 0.08 1 0.08 1 0.08 0 0 1 0.08 1 0.08 9 0.70 1,290
Crenshaw 554 62.81 70 7.94 221 25.06 17 1.93 5 0.57 4 0.45 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0.34 2 0.23 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0.68 882
Cullman 1,262 49.86 633 25.01 317 12.52 173 6.84 10 0.40 20 0.79 9 0.36 6 0.24 15 0.59 11 0.43 5 0.20 2 0.08 1 0.04 3 0.12 64 2.53 2,531
Dale 1,656 68.57 401 16.60 203 8.41 86 3.56 8 0.33 14 0.58 9 0.37 6 0.25 4 0.17 5 0.21 2 0.08 2 0.08 0 0 0 0 19 0.79 2,415
Dallas 6,236 66.90 897 9.62 1,070 11.48 237 2.54 69 0.74 44 0.47 38 0.41 58 0.62 40 0.43 52 0.56 33 0.35 13 0.14 17 0.18 7 0.08 510 5.47 9,321
DeKalb 1,193 53.62 571 25.66 267 12.00 114 5.12 8 0.36 8 0.36 13 0.58 6 0.27 7 0.31 7 0.31 2 0.09 1 0.04 0 0 2 0.09 26 1.17 2,225
Elmore 3,089 64.77 737 15.45 591 12.39 259 5.43 16 0.34 16 0.34 5 0.10 8 0.17 5 0.10 4 0.08 5 0.10 4 0.08 3 0.06 0 0 27 0.57 4,769
Escambia 1,462 68.74 218 10.25 341 16.03 48 2.26 19 0.89 8 0.38 3 0.14 3 0.14 2 0.09 1 0.05 3 0.14 2 0.09 0 0 2 0.09 15 0.71 2,127
Etowah 3,749 62.14 1,048 17.37 808 13.39 258 4.28 27 0.45 13 0.22 16 0.27 18 0.30 18 0.30 6 0.10 13 0.22 0 0 0 0 3 0.05 56 0.93 6,033
Fayette 401 51.15 98 12.50 217 27.68 39 4.97 6 0.77 4 0.51 3 0.38 1 0.13 3 0.38 1 0.13 0 0 2 0.26 4 0.51 0 0 5 0.64 784
Franklin 633 57.49 222 20.16 155 14.08 38 3.45 7 0.64 6 0.54 5 0.45 3 0.27 3 0.27 3 0.27 2 0.18 1 0.09 0 0 1 0.09 22 2.00 1,101
Geneva 511 62.62 107 13.11 138 16.91 32 3.92 12 1.47 3 0.37 3 0.37 0 0 0 0 1 0.12 1 0.12 1 0.12 0 0 0 0 7 0.86 816
Greene 1,782 72.38 191 7.76 406 16.49 21 0.85 23 0.93 7 0.28 2 0.08 1 0.04 0 0 5 0.20 5 0.20 4 0.16 3 0.12 3 0.12 9 0.37 2,462
Hale 1,327 51.67 175 6.81 950 36.99 44 1.71 26 1.01 3 0.12 7 0.27 3 0.12 2 0.08 3 0.12 7 0.27 2 0.08 1 0.04 0 0 18 0.70 2,568
Henry 1,020 74.83 167 12.25 108 7.92 22 1.61 21 1.54 1 0.07 2 0.15 0 0 4 0.29 3 0.22 3 0.22 2 0.15 1 0.07 0 0 9 0.66 1,363
Houston 3,912 69.23 928 16.42 432 7.64 238 4.21 19 0.34 13 0.23 11 0.19 12 0.21 13 0.23 16 0.28 14 0.25 2 0.04 3 0.05 1 0.02 37 0.65 5,651
Jackson 1,039 55.56 403 21.55 267 14.28 89 4.76 7 0.37 8 0.43 8 0.43 2 0.11 10 0.53 6 0.32 3 0.16 4 0.21 0 0 1 0.05 23 1.23 1,870
Jefferson 67,575 66.44 16,149 15.88 8,729 8.58 7,311 7.19 369 0.36 277 0.27 139 0.14 153 0.15 175 0.17 164 0.16 141 0.14 39 0.04 39 0.04 33 0.03 411 0.40 101,704
Lamar 324 61.48 55 10.44 117 22.20 11 2.09 10 1.90 0 0 3 0.57 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.19 0 0 0 0 2 0.38 4 0.76 527
Lauderdale 3,568 54.83 1,547 23.77 740 11.37 470 7.22 13 0.20 25 0.38 22 0.34 18 0.28 16 0.25 22 0.34 9 0.14 4 0.06 5 0.08 2 0.03 46 0.71 6,507
Lawrence 1,355 65.59 256 12.39 343 16.60 68 3.29 9 0.44 5 0.24 7 0.34 2 0.10 2 0.10 2 0.10 3 0.15 0 0 2 0.10 1 0.05 11 0.53 2,066
Lee 7,369 58.81 2,609 20.82 1,070 8.54 1,218 9.72 49 0.39 42 0.34 16 0.13 38 0.30 34 0.27 28 0.22 7 0.06 4 0.03 2 0.02 2 0.02 43 0.34 12,531
Limestone 4,127 60.89 1,411 20.82 701 10.34 400 5.90 14 0.21 24 0.35 12 0.18 19 0.28 15 0.22 12 0.18 3 0.04 0 0 3 0.04 1 0.01 36 0.53 6,778
Lowndes 2,406 69.74 386 11.19 433 12.55 54 1.57 42 1.22 6 0.17 31 0.90 14 0.41 7 0.20 5 0.14 8 0.23 3 0.09 2 0.06 2 0.06 51 1.48 3,450
Macon 3,067 67.45 481 10.58 654 14.38 166 3.65 36 0.79 7 0.15 26 0.57 15 0.33 7 0.15 9 0.20 13 0.29 3 0.07 4 0.09 1 0.02 58 1.28 4,547
Madison 25,916 57.54 10,487 23.28 4,113 9.13 3,622 8.04 79 0.18 155 0.34 64 0.14 111 0.25 111 0.25 113 0.25 59 0.13 9 0.02 10 0.02 9 0.02 181 0.40 45,039
Marengo 2,120 62.12 241 7.06 882 25.84 52 1.52 38 1.11 5 0.15 6 0.18 5 0.15 9 0.26 10 0.29 6 0.18 8 0.23 1 0.03 2 0.06 28 0.82 3,413
Marion 398 56.86 134 19.14 104 14.86 35 5.00 5 0.71 2 0.29 2 0.29 0 0 2 0.29 1 0.14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 2.43 700
Marshall 1,581 52.52 777 25.81 364 12.09 190 6.31 5 0.17 17 0.56 15 0.50 16 0.53 20 0.66 5 0.17 1 0.03 2 0.07 0 0 1 0.03 16 0.53 3,010
Mobile 26,923 66.73 6,612 16.39 4,277 10.60 1,585 3.93 203 0.50 90 0.22 137 0.34 73 0.18 47 0.12 53 0.13 82 0.20 27 0.07 22 0.05 10 0.02 207 0.51 40,348
Monroe 1,716 69.87 205 8.35 405 16.49 38 1.55 32 1.30 4 0.16 11 0.45 2 0.08 2 0.08 0 0 10 0.41 6 0.24 2 0.08 1 0.04 22 0.90 2,456
Montgomery 23,465 67.94 4,502 13.04 4,178 12.10 1,484 4.30 187 0.54 81 0.23 83 0.24 51 0.15 49 0.14 34 0.10 72 0.21 36 0.10 23 0.07 13 0.04 278 0.80 34,536
Morgan 3,954 59.56 1,250 18.83 917 13.81 339 5.11 28 0.42 27 0.41 20 0.30 13 0.20 19 0.29 11 0.17 9 0.14 2 0.03 0 0 4 0.06 46 0.69 6,639
Perry 2,094 74.97 178 6.37 296 10.60 69 2.47 28 1.00 3 0.11 10 0.36 9 0.32 9 0.32 7 0.25 13 0.47 6 0.21 2 0.07 5 0.18 64 2.29 2,793
Pickens 1,142 52.77 196 9.06 752 34.75 29 1.34 19 0.88 3 0.14 5 0.23 1 0.05 5 0.23 1 0.05 1 0.05 2 0.09 2 0.09 2 0.09 4 0.18 2,164
Pike 1,786 68.32 433 16.56 219 8.38 105 4.02 16 0.61 4 0.15 3 0.11 4 0.15 2 0.08 7 0.27 6 0.23 6 0.23 5 0.19 4 0.15 14 0.54 2,614
Randolph 522 49.86 122 11.65 326 31.14 28 2.67 13 1.24 5 0.48 2 0.19 5 0.48 4 0.38 1 0.10 4 0.38 0 0 3 0.29 0 0 12 1.15 1,047
Russell 3,221 69.75 566 12.26 634 13.73 111 2.40 17 0.37 9 0.19 4 0.09 7 0.15 13 0.28 3 0.06 5 0.11 2 0.04 2 0.04 2 0.04 22 0.48 4,618
Shelby 9,543 56.87 3,795 22.62 1,415 8.43 1,672 9.96 31 0.18 75 0.45 21 0.13 59 0.35 36 0.21 37 0.22 13 0.08 3 0.02 3 0.02 5 0.03 71 0.42 16,779
St. Clair 2,268 57.40 835 21.13 457 11.57 283 7.16 16 0.40 25 0.63 8 0.20 16 0.40 3 0.08 9 0.23 4 0.10 2 0.05 0 0 0 0 25 0.63 3,951
Sumter 2,012 61.19 289 8.79 706 21.47 57 1.73 34 1.03 11 0.33 16 0.49 10 0.30 10 0.30 13 0.40 9 0.27 12 0.36 1 0.03 4 0.12 104 3.16 3,288
Talladega 4,617 69.12 803 12.02 917 13.73 197 2.95 54 0.81 16 0.24 9 0.13 3 0.04 7 0.10 11 0.16 11 0.16 9 0.13 4 0.06 3 0.04 19 0.28 6,680
Tallapoosa 1,762 65.70 302 11.26 438 16.33 83 3.09 40 1.49 10 0.37 8 0.30 4 0.15 8 0.30 3 0.11 6 0.22 3 0.11 0 0 2 0.07 13 0.48 2,682
Tuscaloosa 11,825 60.26 3,552 18.10 2,175 11.08 1,684 8.58 83 0.42 54 0.28 22 0.11 54 0.28 26 0.13 30 0.15 15 0.08 8 0.04 3 0.02 8 0.04 84 0.43 19,623
Walker 1,390 57.44 538 22.23 260 10.74 136 5.62 6 0.25 9 0.37 16 0.66 4 0.17 6 0.25 6 0.25 7 0.29 4 0.17 2 0.08 6 0.25 30 1.24 2,420
Washington 1,109 60.17 156 8.46 246 13.35 37 2.01 37 2.01 11 0.60 12 0.65 9 0.49 7 0.38 9 0.49 2 0.11 5 0.27 3 0.16 3 0.16 197 10.69 1,843
Wilcox 1,864 60.28 284 9.18 654 21.15 62 2.01 53 1.71 11 0.36 18 0.58 12 0.39 12 0.39 13 0.42 15 0.49 10 0.32 8 0.26 7 0.23 69 2.23 3,092
Winston 266 52.36 117 23.03 75 14.76 32 6.30 1 0.20 5 0.98 1 0.20 1 0.20 2 0.39 1 0.20 1 0.20 1 0.20 0 0 0 0 5 0.98 508
Total 286,065 63.28 74,755 16.54 52,750 11.67 25,847 5.72 2,250 0.50 1,416 0.31 1,048 0.23 1,038 0.23 907 0.20 875 0.19 740 0.16 294 0.07 224 0.05 184 0.04 3,700 0.82 452,093

Notes
  1. Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined
  2. FiveThirtyEight aggregates polls with a trendline regression of polls rather than a strict average of recent polls.
  3. Steyer with 2%; Klobuchar with 1%; Gabbard with 0%; "Other" with 5%
  4. Gabbard with 2%
  5. Sestak with 3%; Bennet with 2%; de Blasio, Bullock, Delaney, Williamson, and Yang with 1%; Castro, Gabbard, Gillibrand, Gravel, Hickenlooper, Inslee, Klobuchar, Messam, Moulton, and Ryan with 0%
  6. Castro, Klobuchar, Moulton, and Yang with 1%; Bennet, Bullock, Cuomo, de Blasio, Delaney, Gabbard, Gillibrand, Hickenlooper, Inslee, Messam, Swalwell, and Williamson with 0%
  7. Klobuchar with 2%; Castro, Delaney, Gabbard, Gillibrand, Hickenlooper, Inslee, and Yang with 1%; Messam and Williamson with 0%
gollark: No.
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gollark: It's probably... about as secure as the rest of osmarks.net, i.e. the worst you can do is increment/decrement it rapidly, as is already happening.
gollark: https://osmarks.net/incdec/ ← gaming
gollark: An instruction which sets the processor into "lisp machine modes", due to lisp good.

References
  1. Putnam, Josh. "The 2020 Presidential Primary Calendar". Frontloading HQ. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  2. Hogan, Melanie (June 10, 2015). "SEC Presidential Primary". WVAS. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  3. "Alabama Democratic Delegation 2020". The Green Papers. June 7, 2019. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  4. "Alabama Delegate Selection Plan for the 2020 Democratic National Convention". Alabama Democratic Party. June 6, 2019. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  5. "Blog - Alabama Democrats". aldemocrats.org.
  6. "Democratic Party – Official 2020 Primary Election Results". Alabama.gov. Alabama Secretary of State. March 11, 2020. Archived from the original on March 29, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  7. "Alabama Election Results 2020". PBS NewsHour. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
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