2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election

Snap elections to the Verkhovna Rada took place on 26 October 2014.

2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election

26 October 2014
423 (out of 450) seats of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 226[lower-alpha 1] seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Turnout	51.91%
First party Second party Third party   Leader Yuri Lutsenko Arseniy Yatsenyuk Andriy Sadovyi Party Petro Poroshenko Bloc People's Front Self Reliance Last election – – – Seats won 132 82 33 Seat change New party New party New party Popular vote 3,437,521 3,488,114 1,729,271 Percentage 21.8% 22.1% 11.0% Swing New party New party New party   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Yuriy Boyko Oleh Lyashko Yulia Tymoshenko Party Opposition Bloc Radical Party Fatherland Last election – 1.1%, 1 seat 25.5%, 101 seats Seats won 29 22 19 Seat change New party 21 82 Popular vote 1,486,203 1,173,131 894,837 Percentage 9.4% 7.4% 5.7% Swing New party 6.4 pp 19.9 pp
Winning party in each constituency in party-list (above) and single-member voting (below)
Prime Minister before election Arseniy Yatsenyuk People's Front Prime Minister-designate Arseniy Yatsenyuk People's Front

Petro Poroshenko, the President of Ukraine, had pressed for early parliamentary elections since his victory in the presidential election in May.[2] The July breakup of the ruling coalition gave him the right to dissolve the parliament, so on 25 August 2014 he announced the early election.[3]

The voting was not provided in the annexed Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol. The voting also did not reach significant parts of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts because of the ongoing War in Donbass.[4] Because of this, 27 out of the 450 seats in the 8th Verkhovna Rada remained unfilled.

This election can be called a realignment. Ruling from 2010–2014, and taking one of the top 2 spots in elections since 2006, the Party of Regions did not participate in this election, while its informal successor Opposition Bloc showed only a modest result with 9.43% of the vote. For the first time since Ukrainian independence, the Communist Party of Ukraine gained no parliamentary representation. Four newly created parties got the highest support in this election: Petro Poroshenko Bloc (formed in July 2014 by Poroshenko's supporters), People's Front (split from Fatherland in August 2014), Self Reliance (registered in 2012) and Opposition Bloc (formed in September 2014 by a group of the former Party of Regions members).

Since the parallel voting system was used, the allocation of seats is not proportional. For example, the winner in party-list voting (22.12%) People's Front got second faction with 82 seats, while Petro Poroshenko Bloc took 123 seats with 21.82% of votes.

The work of the new parliament started on 27 November 2014.[5] On the same day, five factions formed the "European Ukraine" coalition: Petro Poroshenko Bloc, People's Front, Self Reliance, Radical Party and Fatherland.[6] On 2 December the second Yatsenyuk government was approved.[7]

Background

According to the election law of November 2011, elections to the Verkhovna Rada must take place at least every five years.[8][9] That law came into effect with the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. If the Rada had sat for the maximum allotted time, the next parliamentary election would have occurred on 29 October 2017.[8] Despite this, the president-elect Petro Poroshenko said that he wanted to hold early parliamentary elections following his victory in the presidential election on 25 May 2014.[2] At 26 June session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Poroshenko said that he hoped to hold parliamentary elections in October 2014, portraying this as "the most democratic way".[10][nb 1]

The parliamentary coalition that supported the Yatsenyuk Government, formed in the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and of the Euromaidan movement, was dissolved on 24 July.[12] If no new coalition formed within thirty days, President Poroshenko would become entitled to dissolve the Rada and to call early parliamentary elections.[12] On the same day as the dissolution, the Sovereign European Ukraine faction submitted a bill to the Rada that called for elections to take place on 28 September 2014.[13]

In an interview with Ukrainian television channels on 14 August, Poroshenko justified early elections because the Rada refused to recognise the self-proclaimed breakaway Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics as terrorist organisations.[14] The two republics, situated in the eastern Ukrainian region of the Donbass, originated in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine respectively, and have been fighting Ukrainian government forces in the War in Donbass.[15] President Poroshenko said: "I don't know how to work with a parliament in which a huge number [of deputies], whole factions, make up 'the fifth column' controlled from abroad [referring to Russia]. And this danger is only increasing".[14] He also said that new elections "are the best and the most efficient form of lustration of not only the parliament but also the political forces".

Poroshenko announced on 25 August that he had called for elections to the Rada to take place on 26 October 2014.[3][16] In his accompanying television address, he portrayed the elections as necessary to "purify the Rada of the mainstay of [former president] Viktor Yanukovych". These deputies, Poroshenko said, "clearly do not represent the people who elected them".[17] Poroshenko also painted these Rada deputies as responsible for "the [January 2014] Dictatorship laws that took the lives of the Heavenly Hundred".[17] Poroshenko also stated that many of the (then) current MPs were "direct sponsors and accomplices or at least sympathizers of the militants/separatists".[17]

Electoral system

The Verkhovna Rada has 450 members, elected to a five-year term in parallel voting, with 225 members elected in single-member constituencies using FPTP system and 225 members elected by proportional representation (closed list) in a single nationwide constituency using the largest remainder method with 5% threshold.[18] Parties are not allowed to form electoral blocs (in contrast to 1998-2007 elections). Attempts to return to proportional representation with open party lists and electoral blocs were failed.[19]

The division into 225 electoral districts was the same as at the 2012 election. The voting was organized only in 198 of them.

Electoral districts

Non-voting areas

The voting was impossible to provide on the territories that was not under government control. Particularly, because of Russian occupation of Crimea there was no voting in all 10 districts in Autonomous Republic of Crimea and 2 in Sevastopol. The voting in Donbass was provided partially. The democratic watchdog OPORA estimated that 4.6 million Ukrainians were unable to vote: 1.8 million in Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, 1.6 million in Donetsk Oblast and 1.2 million in Luhansk Oblast.[20]

Light green coloured parts of the Donetsk Oblast took part in the Ukrainian parliamentary election, purple coloured parts in the 2 November Donetsk People's Republic elections and yellow parts took part in neither.

Crimea

About 1.8 million of eligible voters live in Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, that is 5% of the whole number of voters in Ukraine. Ukrainian government lost control over the region in March 2014 during the Crimean crisis. Since that time no legitimate elections are provided there. In the 2014 legislative election Crimean voters had ability to vote in any other region for party-lists in the single nationwide constituency, but they were unable to vote for candidates in single-member constituencies.[21]

Donbass

"Donbass" is an unofficial name of 2 the most eastern Ukrainian oblasts: Donetsk and Luhansk. About 5 million of eligible voters live there, that is 14% of the whole number of voters in Ukraine. After an active phase of War in Donbass in the summer 2014 and September ceasefire, roughly a half of the region remained to be controlled by separatists loyal to Yanukovych. On the day before the election, the CEC stated that there was no ability to provide voting in the captured areas.[4] Thus, full-fledged voting was provided only in 8 districts of 32. Other 9 districts were split by the front line for controlled and not controlled areas, so voting was provided there only partly. In 2 of them only slight number of polling station was opened: in 53rd district only 9% of voters were able to vote and in 45th district only 2%. In spite of this, the elections in these single-member constituencies were recognized as successful, and the winners (Oleh Nedava and Yukhym Zvyahilsky) got mandates. To the other 15 districts ballots were not transferred at all.

	Donetsk Oblast	Luhansk Oblast	Total
Districts with full-fledged voting	7	1	8
Districts with partial voting	5	4	9
Districts with no voting	9	6	15

Instead of this election, on the captured territories separatists organized so-called "Donbass general elections" on 2 November, that were a violation of Minsk agreement and were not recognized by the world community.[22]

Campaign

In the 225 electoral districts some 3,321 candidates participated, out of which 2,018 were independent candidates.[23] 52 political parties nominated candidates.[23] 147 candidates withdrew after the 1 October candidate registration deadline.[24]

In the election campaign the parties positions on foreign relations and the War in Donbass could be roughly divided into two groups.[25] The first group consisted of pro-European parties that advocated to end the War in Donbass by use of force and consisted of Fatherland Party, Civic Position, Radical Party and People's Front (this party was ambiguous about use of force).[25] Svoboda also wanted to end the War in Donbass by use of force.[25] The party Petro Poroshenko Bloc was the only pro-European party that wanted to end the War in Donbass by a peaceful solution.[25] The second group was Strong Ukraine and Opposition Bloc who were considered pro-Russian and they advocated to end the War in Donbass by a peaceful solution.[25] The Communist Party of Ukraine (according to political scientist Tadeusz A. Olszański) "effectively supports the separatist rebellion".[25]

According to Olszański Radical Party and the Communists were the only left-wing parties.[25]

Registered parties and candidates

Nationwide party lists

On 26 September 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine finished registering the nationwide party lists. A total of 29 parties participated in the election.[26] Parties appeared on the ballot in the following order:[27]

1. Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko
2. Solidarity of Ukrainian Women
3. Internet Party of Ukraine
4. Opposition Bloc
5. People's Front
6. 5.10
7. All-Ukrainian Agrarian Union "ZASTUP"
8. Revival
9. New Politics
10. United Country
11. People's Power
12. Svoboda
13. National Democratic Party of Ukraine
14. Communist Party of Ukraine
15. Self Reliance Party
16. Ukraine is United
17. Right Sector
18. Ukraine of the Future
19. Liberal Party of Ukraine
20. Party of Greens of Ukraine
21. Green Planet
22. Petro Poroshenko Bloc
23. Strength and Honour
24. Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
25. Strong Ukraine
26. Fatherland
27. Civil Position
28. Bloc of Ukrainian Left Forces
29. Ukrainian Civil Movement

Forming of political coalitions

On 2 September Vitaliy Kovalchuk (the parliamentary leader) of UDAR stated that since his party and Petro Poroshenko Bloc had agreed to "joint participation in parliamentary elections" on 29 March 2014 the two parties were "in discussion" about "the format" for how to do so in these elections. On 15 September it became clear that 30% of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc election list would be filled by members of UDAR and that UDAR leader Vitali Klitschko is at the top of this list, Klitschko vowed not to resign as incumbent Mayor of Kiev.[28][29]

7 September party congress of Civil Position decided that the party would participate in the election on a partly list with members of Democratic Alliance.[30]

On 10 September, the Fatherland Party split because party leaders Yatsenyuk and Turchynov became founding members of the new party People's Front.[31]

The biggest party in the previous 2012 parliamentary elections, Party of Regions, chose not to participate in the election because of a perceived lack of legitimacy (of the election), because not every resident of the Donbas could vote.[32] Individual members of the Party of Regions would take part in the election as candidates of the party Opposition Bloc.[33] According to Yuriy Boyko, who is heading the party's election list, Opposition Bloc does not represent parties, but consists only of individual politicians.[33]

Results

The counting of votes was significantly delayed: Central Electoral Commission announced that all ballots were counted on 10 November only.[34] The announcement of the final result for 38th electoral district was delayed till mid-November due to the results being challenged in court.[35]

Voter turnout

Voter turnout throughout Ukraine.

In the 2014 election the number of participated voters was much less than in 2012 (16,052,228 down from 20,797,206).[36] The main reason of this decrease was the impossibility to organize voting in some regions. Because of this, the official turnout was calculated by division by the number of people who live in areas where voting was provided only (according to the CEC, it was 30,921,218).[36] So, the official voter turnout was 51.91%. In any case this percent is smaller than in 2012, when the turnout was 57.43%.

The turnout level had obvious geographical differences. The highest turnout (60-70%) was registered in western regions (except Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi Oblast), the level of turnout in central regions was average (54-58%) and in southern and eastern regions it was quite low (40-48%). The turnout in two oblasts of Donbass (or more exactly in the parts of these oblasts where the voting was provided) was 32% - the lowest in the country.[37]

Previously, the Donbass region displayed high turnout for every election. The Party of Regions that had plenitude of the power over this region until the 2014 Ukrainian revolution artificially increased voter turnout there by use of management reserves and falsifications. The 2014 election was the end of this artificial increase. One more reason of low turnout in Donbass as well as in other south-eastern regions was a feeling among a significant part of the local population that no party represented their interests.[38]

Summary results

Seat composition of the Verkhovna Rada after the 2014 election

  ←Summary of the 26 October 2014 Verkhovna Rada election results

Party		Nationwide constituency				Constit. seats	Total seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Seats		Seats	+/-
	People's Front	3,488,114	22.14	New	64	18	82 / 450	New
	Petro Poroshenko Bloc	3,437,521	21.82	New	63	69	132 / 450	New
	Association "Self Reliance"	1,729,271	10.97	New	32	1	33 / 450	New
	Opposition Bloc	1,486,203	9.43	New	27	2	29 / 450	New
	Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko	1,173,131	7.44	6.36	22	0	22 / 450	21
	Fatherland	894,837	5.68	19.86	17	2	19 / 450	82
	Freedom	742,022	4.71	5.73	0	6	6 / 450	31
	Communist Party of Ukraine	611,923	3.88	9.30	0	0	0	32
	Strong Ukraine	491,471	3.11	New	0	1	1 / 450	New
	Civil Position	489,523	3.1	—[lower-alpha 2]	0	0	0	—
	Zastup	418,301	2.65	New	0	1	1 / 450	New
	Right Sector	284.943	1.80	1.72[lower-alpha 3]	0	1	1 / 450	1
	Solidarity of Women of Ukraine	105,094	0.66	—	0	0	0	—
	5.10	67,124	0.42	New	0	0	0	New
	Internet Party of Ukraine	58,197	0.36	—[lower-alpha 4]	0	0	0	—
	Party of Greens of Ukraine	39,636	0.25	0.09	0	0	0	—
	Green Planet	37,726	0.23	0.11	0	0	0	—
	Revival	31,201	0.19	—	0	0	0	—
	United Country	28,145	0.17	—	0	0	0	—
	Ukraine — United Country	19,838	0.12	New	0	0	0	New
	New Politics	19,222	0.12	0.02	0	0	0	—
	Force of People	17,817	0.11	New	0	0	0	New
	Ukraine of the Future	14,168	0.08	0.10	0	0	0	—
	Strength and Honour	13,549	0.08	—	0	0	0	—
	Civil Movement of Ukraine	13,000	0.08	—	0	0	0	—
	Bloc of Left Forces of Ukraine	12,499	0.07	—	0	0	0	—
	National Democratic Party of Ukraine	11,826	0.07	—	0	0	0	—
	Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists	8,976	0.05	—[lower-alpha 5]	0	0	0	—
	Liberal Party of Ukraine	8,523	0.05	0.02	0	0	0	—
	Volia	—[lower-alpha 6]	—	—	—	1	1 / 450	New
	Independents	—	—	—	—	96	96 / 450	53
Total valid votes		15,753,826	100		225	198	423
Invalid ballot papers		298,402	1.86
Vacant (constituencies with no voting)						27	27 / 450
Total		16,052,228			225	225	450
Registered voters/turnout		30,921,218	51.91
Source: CEC (Proportional votes, Single-member constituencies)
Notes: 423 seats: 226 seats is needed for a majority & 211 seats remaining (including 27 vacancies). 450 seats: 226 is needed for a majority and 224 seats remaining.[1] At the previous election the party participated in joint "Fatherland" list As UNA at the previous election Did not participate in party voting at previous election At the previous election the party participated in Our Ukraine list Ran together with Self Reliance in the party-list voting

Winners in single-member constituencies[39]
Region			District^[District][40]		Candidate[41]	Votes %[41]	Party member[41]
No.	Name	No. of mandates	Geographical reference and name	No.
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Simferopol-Tsentralny	001
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Simferopol-Kyivsky	002
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Dzhankoy	003
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Yevpatoriya	004
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Kerch	005
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Feodosiya	006
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Yalta	007
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Sudak	008
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Krasnoperekopsk	009
1	AR Crimea	10	South-East Bakhchysarai	010
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Vinnytsia (Vyshenka)	011	Oleksandr Dombrovsky	51.37	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Vinnytsia (Zamosttia)	012	Oleksiy Poroshenko	64.04	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Kalynivka	013	Petro Yurchyshyn	44.79
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Zhmerynka	014	Ivan Melnychuk	42.37	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Shargorod	015	Ivan Sporysh	34.04	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Yampil	016	Roman Stadniychuk	21.76
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Ladyzhyn	017	Mykola Kucher	47.63
2	Vinnytsia	8	Central Illintsi	018	Ruslan Demchak	51.68	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
3	Volyn	5	West Volodymyr-Volynsky	019	Ihor Huz	30.69	People's Front
3	Volyn	5	West Horokhiv	020	Serhiy Matrynyak	35.24
3	Volyn	5	West Kovel	021	Stepan Ivakhiv	63.49
3	Volyn	5	West Lutsk	022	Ihor Lapin	24.24	People's Front
3	Volyn	5	West Manevychy	023	Ihor Yeremeyev/Iryna Konstankevych (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	40.43/57.42[42]	Independent/UKROP[42]
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk-Industrialny	024	Yakiv Bezbakh	30.90
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk-Krasnohvardiysky	025	Maksym Kuryachyy	27.90	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk-Babushkinsky	026	Andriy Denysenko	36.18	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk-Zhovtnevy	027	Borys Filatov/Tetyana Rychkova (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	56.66/44.57[42]
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk-Lyeninsky	028	Ivan Kulichenko	33.50	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk (Yuvileine)	029	Vitaliy Kupriy	29.71	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dniprodzerzhynsk	030	Oleksandr Dubinin	26.08	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Kryvy Rih-Ternivsky	031	Kostyantyn Pavlov	33.36
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Kryvy Rih-Dovhynetsky	032	Andriy Halchenko	24.75
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Kryvy Rih-Tsentralnomisky	033	Kostiantyn Usov	28.43	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Tsarychanka	034	Oleh Kryshyn	24.16
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Nikopol	035	Andriy Shypko	33.00
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Pavlohrad	036	Artur Martovytsky	50.40
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Kryvy Rih	037	Dnytro Shpenov	39.02
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Novomoskovsk	038	Vadym Nesterenko	31.35
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Vasylkivka	039	Dmytro Yarosh	29.76	Right Sector
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Marhanets	040	Valentyn Didych	27.55	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Donetsk-Budyonnivsky	041
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Donetsk-Voroshilovsky	042
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Donetsk-Lyeninsky	043
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Donetsk-Kirovsky	044
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Donetsk-Kyivsky	045	Yukhym Zvyahilsky	72.73
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Artemivsk	046	Serhiy Klyuyev	47.47
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Slovyansk	047	Yuriy Solod	34.17	Opposition Bloc
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Kramatorsk	048	Maksym Yefimov	34.12
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Kostyantynivka	049	Denys Omelyanovych	27.35
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Krasnoarmiysk	050	Yevhen Heller	39.54
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Horlivka	051
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Dzerzhynsk	052	Ihor Shkirya	41.71
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Yenakiyeve	053	Oleh Nedava	63.63
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Shakhtarsk	054
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Makiyivka-Hirnytsky	055
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Makiyivka-Tsentralnomisky	056
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Mariupol-Ilyichivsky	057	Serhiy Matviyenkov	64.16
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Mariupol-Zhovtnevy	058	Serhiy Taruta	60.00
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Maryinka	059
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Volnovakha	060	Dmytro Lubinets	48.18	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
5	Donetsk	21	South-East Starobesheve	061
6	Zhytomyr	6	Central Zhytomyr	062	Boryslav Rosenblat	20.81	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
6	Zhytomyr	6	Central Berdychiv	063	Oleksandr Reveha	29.40
6	Zhytomyr	6	Central Korosten	064	Volodymyr Areshonkov	41.03	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
6	Zhytomyr	6	Central Novohrad-Volynsky	065	Volodymyr Lytvyn	41.48
6	Zhytomyr	6	Central Malyn	066	Pavlo Dzyublyk	19.10	People's Front
6	Zhytomyr	6	Central Chudniv	067	Viktor Razvadovsky	37.19
7	Zakarpattia	6	West Uzhhorod	068	Robert Horvat	21.58	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
7	Zakarpattia	6	West Mukacheve	069	Viktor Baloha	61.91
7	Zakarpattia	6	West Svalyava	070	Mykhailo Lanyo	38.75
7	Zakarpattia	6	West Khust	071	Pavlo Baloha	44.62
7	Zakarpattia	6	West Tyachiv	072	Vasyl Petyovka	68.04
7	Zakarpattia	6	West Vynohradiv	073	Ivan Baloha	44.86
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Zaporizhya-Kommunarsky	074	Petro Sabashuk	27.76	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Zaporizhya-Lyeninsky	075	Ihor Artyushenko	29.91	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Zaporizhya-Ordzhonikidzevsky	076	Mykola Frolov	21.75	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Zaporizhya-Shevchenkivsky	077	Vyacheslav Bohuslayev	53.74
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Berdyansk	078	Oleksandr Ponomaryov	48.51
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Vasylivka	079	Oleksandr Hryhorchuk	21.94
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Melitopol	080	Yevhen Balytsky	47.40
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Tokmak	081	Serhiy Valentyrov	24.51
8	Zaporizhia	9	South-East Polohy	082	Vadym Kryvokhatko	36.00	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Ivano-Frankivsk	083	Oleksandr Shevchenko	40.69	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Tysmenytsya	084	Mykhailo Dovbenko	18.26	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Kalush	085	Ihor Nasalyk/Viktor Shevchenko (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	52.05/21.19[42]	Petro Poroshenko Bloc/UKROP[42]
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Dolyna	086	Anatoliy Dyriv	22.30	People's Front
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Nadvirna	087	Yuriy Derevianko	69.67	Volia
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Kolomyya	088	Yuriy Tymoshenko	29.32	People's Front
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Snyatyn	089	Yuriy Solovei	23.07	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Bila Tserkva	090	Oleksandr Marchenko	23.66	Svoboda
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Makariv	091	Ruslan Solvar	50.96	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Uzyn	092	Vitaliy Hudzenko	27.03	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Myronivka	093	Oleksandr Onyshchenko	35.77
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Obukhiv	094	Viktor Romanyuk	32.00	People's Front
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Irpin	095	Mykhailo Havrylyuk	19.43	People's Front
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Vyshhorod	096	Yaroslav Moskalenko	26.28
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Brovary	097	Pavlo Rizanenko	34.11	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
10	Kyiv Oblast	9	Central Yahotyn	098	Serhiy Mishchenko	40.41
11	Kirovohrad	5	Central Kirovohrad	099	Kostiantyn Yarynich	37.99	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
11	Kirovohrad	5	Central Bobrynets	100	Stanislav Berezkin	28.02
11	Kirovohrad	5	Central Holovanivsk	101	Mykhailo Poplavsky	31.44
11	Kirovohrad	5	Central Znamianka	102	Oles Dovhyi	29.90
11	Kirovohrad	5	Central Oleksandriya	103	Anatoliy Kuzmenko	35.52	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Luhansk-Artemivsky	104
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Luhansk-Zhovtnevy	105
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Severodonetsk	106	Yevhen Bakulin	43.01	Opposition Bloc
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Lysychansk	107	Serhiy Dunayev	37.76
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Krasny Luch	108
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Krasnodon	109
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Alchevsk	110
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Sverdlovsk	111
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Rubizhne	112	Yuliy Ioffe	48.62
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Svatove	113	Vitaliy Kurylo	21.40
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Stanytsia Luhanska	114	Yuriy Harbuz/Serhiy Shahov (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	25.56/37.62[42]	Independent/Our Land[42]
13	Lviv	12	West Lviv-Sykhivsky	115	Dmytro Dobrodomov	42.10
13	Lviv	12	West Lviv-Zaliznychny	116	Iryna Podolyak	41.20	Self Reliance
13	Lviv	12	West Lviv-Frankivsky	117	Oksana Yurynets	42.55	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
13	Lviv	12	West Lviv-Lychakivsky	118	Bohdan Dubnevych	43.11	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
13	Lviv	12	West Brody	119	Mykhailo Bondar	26.36	People's Front
13	Lviv	12	West Horodok	120	Yaroslav Dubnevych	60.01	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
13	Lviv	12	West Drohobych	121	Bohdan Matkivsky	23.62
13	Lviv	12	West Yavoriv	122	Volodymyr Parasyuk	56.56
13	Lviv	12	West Peremyshlyany	123	Taras Batenko	50.89	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
13	Lviv	12	West Sokal	124	Oleh Musiy	29.86
13	Lviv	12	West Stary Sambir	125	Andriy Lopushanskyy	32.12
13	Lviv	12	West Stryy	126	Andriy Kit	30.64	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
14	Mykolaiv	6	South-East Mykolayiv-Zavodsky	127	Borys Kozyr	33.17	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
14	Mykolaiv	6	South-East Mykolayiv-Lyeninsky	128	Artem Iliuk	33.41
14	Mykolaiv	6	South-East Mykolayiv-Tsentralny	129	Oleksandr Zholobetsky	39.63	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
14	Mykolaiv	6	South-East Bashtanka	130	Andriy Vadatursky	43.75	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
14	Mykolaiv	6	South-East Voznesensk	131	Oleksandr Livik	20.37	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
14	Mykolaiv	6	South-East Pervomaisk	132	Arkadiy Kornatskyy	34.82	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
15	Odesa	11	South-East Odesa-Kyivsky	133	Eduard Matviychuk	24.20
15	Odesa	11	South-East Odesa-Malynovsky	134	Hennadiy Chekita	38.34	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
15	Odesa	11	South-East Odesa-Prymorsky	135	Serhiy Kivalov	28.80
15	Odesa	11	South-East Odesa-Suvorovsky	136	Dmytro Holubov	30.31	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
15	Odesa	11	South-East Kotovsk	137	Leonid Klimov	30.88
15	Odesa	11	South-East Shiryaev	138	Ivan Fursin	35.01
15	Odesa	11	South-East Rozdilna	139	Oleksandr Presman	42.54
15	Odesa	11	South-East Bilyayivka	140	Vasyl Hulyaev	29.28
15	Odesa	11	South-East Tatarbunary	141	Vitaliy Barvinenko	26.66
15	Odesa	11	South-East Artsyz	142	Anton Kisse	52.96
15	Odesa	11	South-East Izmayil	143	Oleksandr Urbansky	23.76	Strong Ukraine
16	Poltava	8	Central Poltava-Oktyabrsky	144	Serhiy Kaplin	46.30	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
16	Poltava	8	Central Poltava-Kyivsky	145	Yuriy Bublyk	22.60	Svoboda
16	Poltava	8	Central Kremenchuk	146	Yuriy Shapovalov	22.67
16	Poltava	8	Central Myrhorod	147	Oleh Kulinich	21.19
16	Poltava	8	Central Lubny	148	Kostiantyn Ishcheikin	22.75	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
16	Poltava	8	Central Karlivka	149	Andriy Reka	25.19	People's Front
16	Poltava	8	Central Komsomolsk	150	Kostyantyn Zhevaho	43.81
16	Poltava	8	Central Lokhvytsia	151	Taras Kutovy/Ruslan Bogdan (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	62.86/21.64[42]	Petro Poroshenko Bloc/Fatherland[42]
17	Rivne	5	West Rivne	152	Oleh Osukhovsky	24.51	Svoboda
17	Rivne	5	West Ostroh	153	Yuriy Voznyuk	35.66	People's Front
17	Rivne	5	West Dubno	154	Oleksandr Dekhtyarchuk	21.01	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
17	Rivne	5	West Dubrovytsia	155	Vasyl Yanitsky	28.68	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
17	Rivne	5	West Sarny	156	Serhiy Yevtushok	27.63	Fatherland
18	Sumy	6	Central Sumy	157	Oleh Medunytsia	31.02	People's Front
18	Sumy	6	Central Bilopillya	158	Oleksandr Suhonyako	28.08	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
18	Sumy	6	Central Hlukhiv	159	Andriy Derkach	61.84
18	Sumy	6	Central Shostka	160	Ihor Molotok	46.15
18	Sumy	6	Central Romny	161	Mykola Lavryk	21.50	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
18	Sumy	6	Central Okhtyrka	162	Vladyslav Bukharyev	20.26	Fatherland
19	Ternopil	5	West Ternopil	163	Taras Pastukh	35.45
19	Ternopil	5	West Zbarazh	164	Mykhailo Holovko	35.58	Svoboda
19	Ternopil	5	West Zboriv	165	Taras Yuryk	52.96	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
19	Ternopil	5	West Terebovlya	166	Mykola Lyushnyak	40.48	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
19	Ternopil	5	West Chortkiv	167	Oleh Barna	28.53	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Dzerzhynsky	168	Valeriy Pysarenko	30.98
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Kyivsky	169	Oleksandr Kirsh	24.71	People's Front
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Moskovsky	170	Dmytro Svyatash	34.01
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Frunzensky	171	Vitaliy Khomutynnik	29.79
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Ordzhonikidzevsky	172	Volodymyr Mysyk	54.34
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Kominternivsky	173	Anatoliy Denysenko	42.05
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kharkiv-Lyeninsky	174	Oleksandr Feldman	64.94
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Derhachi	175	Volodymyr Katsuba	35.17
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Chuhuyiv	176	Dmytro Shentsev	54.80
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Kupyansk	177	Viktor Ostapchuk	47.70
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Balakliya	178	Dmytro Dobkin	33.05
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Krasnohrad	179	Anatoliy Hirshfeld	24.23
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Zolochiv	180	Oleksandr Bilovol	53.03
20	Kharkiv	14	South-East Zmiiv	181	Yevhen Murayev	48.95
21	Kherson	5	South-East Kherson-Suvorovsky	182	Oleksandr Spivakovskyy	21.60	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
21	Kherson	5	South-East Kherson-Komsomolsky	183	Andriy Hordeyev/Yuriy Odarchenko (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	27.28/25[42]	Petro Poroshenko Bloc/Fatherland[42]
21	Kherson	5	South-East Nova Kakhovka	184	Ivan Vinnyk	18.13	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
21	Kherson	5	South-East Kakhovka	185	Serhiy Khlan	39.04	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
21	Kherson	5	South-East Tsyurupinsk	186	Fedir Nehoi	27.47
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Khmelnytskyi	187	Serhiy Melnyk	33.37
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Khmelnytskyi (and vicinity)	188	Serhiy Labazyuk	35.81
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Krasyliv	189	Andriy Shynkovych	17.99
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Shepetivka	190	Roman Matsola	30.18	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Starokostiantyniv	191	Viktor Bondar	18.61
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Dunayivtsi	192	Oleksandr Hereha	73.77
22	Khmelnytskyi	7	Central Kamyanets-Podilsky	193	Volodymyr Melnychenko	33.70
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Cherkasy-Prydniprovsky	194	Oleh Petrenko	41.15	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Cherkasy-Sosnivsky	195	Volodymyr Zubyk	31.26
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Korsun-Shevchenkivsky	196	Hennadiy Bobov	30.04
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Kaniv	197	Vladyslav Holub	34.16	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Smila	198	Serhiy Rudyk	21.45
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Zhashkiv	199	Valentyn Nychyporenko	44.30
23	Cherkasy	7	Central Uman	200	Anton Yatsenko	57.41
24	Chernivtsi	4	West Chernivtsi	201	Mykola Fedoruk	34.47	People's Front
24	Chernivtsi	4	West Storozhynets	202	Ivan Rybak	21.28	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
24	Chernivtsi	4	West Novoselytsya	203	Hryhoriy Tymish	28.74	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
24	Chernivtsi	4	West Khotyn	204	Maksym Burbak	24.22	People's Front
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Chernihiv-Desnyansky	205	Valeriy Kulich/Serhiy Berezenko (after by-elections in July 2015)[43]	27.98/35.90[43]	Petro Poroshenko Bloc (both winners[43])
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Chernihiv-Novozavodsky	206	Vladyslav Atroshenko/Maksym Mykytas (after by-elections in July 2016)[42]	51.34/31.45[42]	Petro Poroshenko Bloc/Independent
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Koryukivka	207	Anatoliy Yevlakhov	37.59	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Bakhmach	208	Valeriy Davydenko	38.86	Zastup
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Nizhyn	209	Oleksandr Kodola	26.88	People's Front
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Pryluky	210	Oleh Dmytrenko	27.58	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Holosiyivsky	211	Yevhen Rybchynsky	34.39	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Darnytsky	212	Vitaliy Stashuk	36.75	People's Front
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Desnyansky	213	Boryslav Bereza	29.44
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Dniprovsky	214	Viktor Chumak	51.52	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Desnyansky (minor Dniprovsky)	215	Andriy Illyenko	39.55	Svoboda
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Dniprovsky (minor Darnytsky)	216	Oleksandr Suprunenko	24.46
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Obolonsky	217	Andriy Biletsky	33.75
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Svyatoshynsky (minor Obolonsky)	218	Volodymyr Ariev	63.46	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Svyatoshynsky	219	Oleksandr Tretiakov	44.91	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Podilsky	220	Vyacheslav Konstantinovsky	32.47	People's Front
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Pechersky	221	Leonid Yemets	37.70	People's Front
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Solomyansky	222	Dmytro Andriyevsky	57.29	Petro Poroshenko Bloc
26	Kyiv City	13	Central Kiev-Shevchenkivsky	223	Yuriy Levchenko	37.30	Svoboda
27	Sevastopol	2	South-East Sevastopol-Gagarinsky	224
27	Sevastopol	2	South-East Sevastopol-Leninsky	225
Notes: District.^^ Electoral districts are not part of the administrative territorial system and may include several territorial units of the Ukrainian regions (raions, cities of regional significance, and others).

Opinion polls

Conduct

The elections were monitored by 2,321 accredited foreign observers,[44] 304 of them on behalf of 21 states and 2,017 from 20 international organisations.[44]

The Ukrainian democratic watchdog OPORA stated about the elections that they were legitimate, but that "the [election] campaign cannot be called fully free within the limits of the country" because of the fighting in the Donbass region.[45] The NGO Committee of Voters of Ukraine asked the Central Election Commission of Ukraine to declare invalid the results of constituencies 45 and 102 because there "significant irregularities were numerous".[45]

The OSCE stated about the elections that they were "in line with international commitments, and were characterized by many positive aspects, including an impartial and efficient Central Election Commission, competitive contests that offered voters real choice, and general respect for fundamental freedoms".[45] European Council President Herman Van Rompuy and European Commission President José Manuel Barroso called the elections "a victory of the people of Ukraine and of democracy".[45] US President Barack Obama and his Secretary of State John Kerry also congratulated Ukraine "on successful parliamentary elections".[45] The day after the election Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stated "I think we will recognize this election because it is very important for us that Ukraine will finally have authorities that do not fight one another, do not drag Ukraine to the West or to the East, but that will deal with the real problems facing the country".[46] He also hoped that the new Ukrainian government "will be constructive, will not seek to continue escalating confrontational tendencies in society, (in ties) with Russia".[46] Lavrov's Deputy Foreign Minister Grigory Karasin stated "the election is valid in spite of the rather harsh and dirty election campaign".[46] Karasin also "welcomed the success of parties supporting a peaceful resolution of the conflict in eastern Ukraine" and warned that "nationalistic and chauvinistic forces" in parliament could undermine peace efforts and were "extremely dangerous".[46] Senator Vladimir Dzhabarov, acting chairman of the (Russian) Federation Council's International Affairs Committee, stated that "The contacts earlier established between the State Duma and the Federation Council on the one hand and the Verkhovna Rada on the other will hopefully be re-launched in some format" although he stated he could not imagine how these contacts would be developed since he believed "The new Ukrainian parliament has become more radical-minded".[46] Dzhabarov claimed about the elections that "If such elections had been held in some other country, in Russia for instance, the West would have never recognized them as legitimate. Nevertheless, the West and Europe have recognized the Ukrainian elections as valid".[46] Observers of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation were positive about the elections and in particular welcomed that "administrative resources" were not used in the elections.[45] Observers of the International Republican Institute also expressed this opinion and stated that its observers had witnessed only minor non-systemic irregularities that could not have affected the outcome of the election.[45]

Government formation

Further information: Second Yatsenyuk Government

By-elections

2015

On 26 July 2015 mid-term election were held in constituency 205 located in Chernihiv.[47] These were necessary after 2014 winner Valeriy Kulich had left parliament because of his appointment as Governor of Chernihiv Oblast.[47] 91 candidates took part in the elections; eight of them for political parties, the others were self-nominated candidates.[47] On election day the ballot paper stretched to about 1 meter.[47] 36 candidates had withdrawn from participation in the elections.[47] During the election campaign top candidates Hennadiy Korban and Serhiy Berezenko were repeatedly accused of bribing voters, the use of black PR and other violations (of the electoral legislation).[48]

The election was won by Berezenko of Petro Poroshenko Bloc with 35.90% of the vote.[43] Second most votes were won by Korban of UKROP who received 14.76%.[43] The official voter turnout was set at 35.3%.[49]

2016

On 17 July 2016 mid-term election were held in 7 single-member districts (constituency 23, 27, 85, 114, 151, 183 and 206) because their representatives had been elected to executive political positions and the death of Ihor Yeremeyev.[50] Turnout varied from about 50% until less than 20%.[51] The elections were monitored by 57 international official observers.[52]

Vote counting in constituency 114 (situated in Stanytsia Luhanska) was disrupted after several members of the election commission refused to count votes.[53] In the same constituency 14 criminal cases for violating the election were opened.[54] Constituency 151 was last in announcing its final results when it did so on 21 July 2016.[55]

17 July 2016 single mandate winners
Region			District^[District][40]		Candidate[42]	Votes %[42]	Party member[42]
No.	Name	No. of mandates	Geographical reference and name	No.
3	Volyn	5	West Manevychy	023	Iryna Konstankevych	57.42	UKROP
4	Dnipropetrovsk	17	South-East Dnipropetrovsk-Zhovtnevy	027	Tetyana Rychkova	44.57	BPP[nb 2]
9	Ivano-Frankivsk	7	West Kalush	085	Victor Shevchenko	21.19	UKROP
12	Luhansk	11	South-East Stanytsia Luhanska	114	Serhiy Shahov	37.62	Our Land
16	Poltava	8	Central Lokhvytsia	151	Ruslan Bogdan	21.64	Fatherland
21	Kherson	5	South-East Kherson-Komsomolsky	183	Yuriy Odarchenko	25	Fatherland
25	Chernihiv	6	Central Chernihiv-Novozavodsky	206	Maksym Mykytas	31.45

Notes

1. In a Research & Branding Group opinion poll held from 26 July until 5 August 72% of respondents supported the call for early elections.[11]
2. Although not a member of any political party, Tetyana Rychkova joined the Petro Poroshenko Bloc faction in parliament.[56]

References

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2. Poroshenko hopes for early parliamentary elections in Ukraine this fall - presidential envoy, Interfax-Ukraine (19 June 2014)
3. Ukraine President Poroshenko Calls Snap General Election, Bloomberg News (25 August 2014)
4. Parliamentary elections not to be held at nine constituencies in Donetsk region and six constituencies in Luhansk region - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (25 October 2014)
5. "Parliament to form leadership and coalition on November 27", UNIAN (26 November 2014)
6. http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/236635.html
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11. (in Ukrainian) Більше 70% українців - за переобрання Ради (Over 70% of Ukrainians for the re-election of the Rada), Ukrayinska Pravda (15 August 2014)
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18. IFES
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20. На выборах не смогут проголосовать почти 5 млн украинцев Подробности читайте на УНИАН: http://www.unian.net/politics/1000335-na-vyiborah-ne-smogut-progolosovat-pochti-5-mln-ukraintsev.html, Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (24 October 2014)
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28. (in Russian) Pilots, combatants, and journalists. Who goes to the new Verkhovna Rada , Korrespondent.net (15 September 2014)
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45. Ukrainian Rada elections generally without incident – OPORA, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
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    Russian senators prepared to cooperate with new Verkhovna Rada, Kyiv Post (28 October 2014)
47. Mid-term elections start in Chernihiv (constituency No.205), UNIAN (26 July 2015)
48. Корбан: Я потерял моральное право возглавлять политсовет партии "Укроп" "Гордон", .07.2015
    This crazy Ukrainian election shows the country has a ways to go toward reform, Global Post (28 July 2015)
49. Additional Rada election in Chernihiv: 87.95% of protocols processed, UNIAN (27 July 2015)
50. (in Ukrainian) CEC appointed elections in four constituencies, Ukrayinska Pravda (10 May 2016)
    (in Ukrainian) Довибори до ВР: У Дніпрі 51 кандидат, є представник КПУ (By-election to the Verkhovna Rada: in Dnipro 51, a candidate is a representative of the Communist Party), Ukrayinska Pravda (19 June 2016)
    (in Russian)/(website has automatic Google Translate option) Short bio of Ihor Yeremeyev, LIGA
51. (in Ukrainian) CEC: Voter turnout for midterm elections nearly 33%. No data Luhansk, Ukrayinska Pravda (17 July 2016)
52. (in Ukrainian) CEC registered 43 observers to the Rada by-election, Ukrayinska Pravda (12 July 2016)
53. (in Ukrainian) Problem county in the Luhansk region resumed counting votes, Ukrayinska Pravda (18 July 2016)
54. (in Ukrainian) In Luhansk opened 14 cases for violating the election, Ukrayinska Pravda (18 July 2016)
55. (in Ukrainian) Became known the results of the vote in the last of the 7 districts, Ukrayinska Pravda (21 July 2016)
56. (in Ukrainian) Tetyana Rychkova profile on the Verkhovna Rada website

External links

• Homepage Central Election Commission of Ukraine (in Ukrainian)
• Interactive map with election results by OPORA (in Ukrainian)