1880 in Canada
| Years in Canada: | 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 |
| Centuries: | 18th century · 19th century · 20th century |
| Decades: | 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s |
| Years: | 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 |
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| Historically significant |
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Events from the year 1880 in Canada.
Incumbents
Federal government
Provincial governments
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Albert Norton Richards
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Joseph Édouard Cauchon
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Edward Barron Chandler (until February 6) then Robert Duncan Wilmot (from February 11)
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Adams George Archibald
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Donald Alexander Macdonald (until July 1) then John Beverley Robinson
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Thomas Heath Haviland
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Théodore Robitaille
Premiers
- Premier of British Columbia – George Anthony Walkem
- Premier of Manitoba – John Norquay
- Premier of New Brunswick – John James Fraser
- Premier of Nova Scotia – Simon Hugh Holmes
- Premier of Ontario – Oliver Mowat
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – William Wilfred Sullivan
- Premier of Quebec – Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau
Territorial governments
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of Keewatin – Joseph Édouard Cauchon
- Lieutenant Governor of the North-West Territories – David Laird
Events
- February 4 – Five members of the Donnelly family are killed near Lucan, Ontario
- February 14 – The wife of the governor general, The Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lorne, is seriously injured when the viceregal sleigh overturns on a Rudolph Ottawa street.
- March 25 – George Brown fatally shot by a disgruntled employee
- May 4 – Edward Blake becomes the new leader of the Liberal Party of Canada
- June 24 – "O Canada" first performed
- October 9 – The United Kingdom gives Canada control of the Arctic islands.
Full date unknown
- Emily Stowe becomes the first woman doctor to practise medicine in Canada
- Sanford Fleming becomes chancellor of Queen's University
- Bell Canada founded
- Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). British-backed Canadian firm, headed by US railroad building genius (Sir William Cornelius Van Horne) gets the deal: $25 million, 25 million acres (100,000 km2), already completed sections free, all under-construction sections finished free, 20 year monopoly as only railway and 20-year control over rate-setting.
- The Varsity, created.
Arts and literature
- March 6 – The Royal Academy for the Arts is founded.
New books
- Charles G.D. Roberts, Orion and Other Poems
Births
- January 17 – Mack Sennett, actor, producer, screenwriter and film director (d.1960)
- January 18 – Richard Squires, politician and Prime Minister of Newfoundland (d.1940)
- March 22 – Allison Dysart, politician, lawyer, judge and 21st Premier of New Brunswick (d.1962)
- October 1 – Charles Christie, motion picture studio owner (d.1955)
- August 6 – Leland Payson Bancroft, politician (d.1951)
- August 12 – Jacob Penner, politician (d.1965)
- August 29 – Marie-Louise Meilleur, supercentenarian, the oldest validated Canadian ever (d.1998)
- October 12 – Healey Willan, organist and composer (d.1968)
- October 27 – Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough, businessman, politician and Governor General of Canada (d.1956)
Deaths
- January 19 – James Westcott, American-born United States Senator from Florida from 1845 till 1849 (born 1802)
- February 6 – Edward Barron Chandler, politician (b.1800)
- May 9 – George Brown, journalist, politician and one of the Fathers of the Confederation (b.1818)
- June 12 – William Evan Price, businessman and politician (b.1827)
- October 8 – Caleb Hopkins, farmer and politician (b.1785)
- October 18 – Luc-Hyacinthe Masson, physician, businessman and politician (b.1811)
- December 8 – Charles Fisher, politician and 1st Premier of the Colony of New Brunswick (b.1808)
- December 24 – David Christie, politician (b.1818)
Historical Documents
Statute creates CPR as government-supported private company for benefit of B.C. and N.W.T. [1]
Chief Ocean Man and another Nakoda (Stoney) describe attack on their people by Gros Ventre and Mandan from U.S. side of border [2]
British order-in-council transfers Arctic islands to Dominion of Canada [3]
Editorial on complaints of French-Canadians [4]
Walt Whitman calls Thousand Islands most beautiful place on Earth [5]
To avoid bankruptcy caused by westward expansion, Canada must declare independence [6]
Britain gifts part of HMS Resolute to U.S. for saving that Arctic exploration ship [7]
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References
- An Act Respecting the Canadian Pacific Railway. Accessed 14 October 2019 http://members.kos.net/sdgagnon/cpa.html
- "No. 343; [letter of] Sir Edward Thornton to Mr. [Wm. M.] Evarts[, Department of State, Washington]," Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United State[....] (1882), pgs. 570-72. Accessed 8 December 2019 https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1881/d347 Subsequent correspondence: https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1881/d354
- Gordon W. Smith, "The Transfer of Arctic Territories from Great Britain to Canada[...]," Journal of the Arctic Institute of North America, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1961), pgs. 62-3. Accessed 14 October 2019 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/66710/50623
- "A Morbid Nationalism," Canadian Illustrated News (November 11, 1880), pg. 2. Accessed 27 September 2019 http://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/3557130
- Walt Whitman's Diary in Canada (1904), pgs. 24-5. Accessed 27 September 2019 http://archive.org/stream/waltwhitmansdiar00whituoft#page/24/mode/1up
- William Norris, "Canadian Nationality; A Present-Day Plea," Rose-Belford's Canadian Monthly and National Review (February 1880), pgs. 113-18. Accessed 23 April 2020 https://books.google.ca/books?id=lsYhAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA113&dq=Canada&hl=en&sa=X#v=onepage
- United States Department of State, Index to the Executive Documents of the House of Representatives for the Third Session of the Forty-Sixth Congress, 1880-'81 (No. 354, August 26, 1880), pg. 525. Accessed 27 September 2019 http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS188081v01&isize=L&submit=Go+to+page&page=525
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