Logan County, Kansas

Logan County (standard abbreviation: LG) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 2,756.[1] The largest city and county seat is Oakley.[2] The county was named for Gen. John A. Logan.[3]

Not to be confused with Logan, Kansas.
Logan County
County
Butterfield Trail Museum, formerly the Logan County courthouse, in Russell Springs, Kansas.
Location within the U.S. state of Kansas
Kansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°54′N 101°06′W
Country United States
State Kansas
FoundedFebruary 24, 1887
Named forJohn A. Logan
SeatOakley
Largest cityOakley
Area
 • Total1,073 sq mi (2,780 km2)
 • Land1,073 sq mi (2,780 km2)
 • Water0.1 sq mi (0.3 km2)  0.01%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2018)
2,844
 • Density2.6/sq mi (1.0/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitediscoveroakley.com
Agriculture, as represented by this stockyard on the edge of Oakley, is important in Logan County

One of the county's most distinctive features is a mile long stretch of Smoky Hill Chalk bluffs that tower 100 feet (30 m) high over the Smoky Hill River and are dubbed "Little Jerusalem" for resembling the ancient walled city.[4] The formation is mostly on private land. In 2016, the Nature Conservancy purchased the property and the Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park opened to the public in October, 2019.[5]

History

Early history
See also: History of Kansas

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1887, Logan County was established.

Logan County was first created in 1871 as St. John County. St. John was formed from the area to the east of range 38 in what was then part of Wallace County. The Kansas State Legislature changed the name from St. John to Logan in 1885.[6]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,073 square miles (2,780 km2), of which 1,073 square miles (2,780 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) (0.01%) is water.[7]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18903,384—
19001,962−42.0%
19104,240116.1%
19203,223−24.0%
19304,14528.6%
19403,688−11.0%
19504,20614.0%
19604,036−4.0%
19703,814−5.5%
19803,478−8.8%
19903,081−11.4%
20003,046−1.1%
20102,756−9.5%
Est. 20182,844[8]3.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[9]
1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11]
1990-2000[12] 2010-2016[1]
Age pyramid

At the 2000 census,[13] there were 3,046 people, 1,243 households and 856 families residing in the county. The population density was 3 per square mile (1/km²). There were 1,423 housing units at an average density of 1 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.72% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.72% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. 1.64% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,243 households of which 29.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.30% were married couples living together, 6.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.10% were non-families. 28.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.98.

Age distribution was 25.40% under the age of 18, 7.20% from 18 to 24, 24.40% from 25 to 44, 22.30% from 45 to 64, and 20.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 93.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.00 males.

The median household income was $32,131, and the median family income was $40,104. Males had a median income of $28,105 versus $19,609 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,294. About 4.70% of families and 7.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.80% of those under age 18 and 8.60% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Presidential elections
Presidential Elections Results
Presidential Elections Results[14]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 83.4% 1,132 11.0% 149 5.6% 76
2012 83.4% 1,126 14.6% 197 2.0% 27
2008 82.4% 1,187 15.6% 225 1.9% 28
2004 82.4% 1,255 16.3% 248 1.3% 20
2000 77.9% 1,088 16.5% 231 5.6% 78
1996 73.5% 1,155 18.8% 296 7.7% 121
1992 53.0% 905 20.8% 355 26.3% 449
1988 64.4% 988 32.8% 503 2.9% 44
1984 77.0% 1,235 20.7% 331 2.3% 37
1980 72.9% 1,261 20.7% 358 6.4% 111
1976 56.4% 957 40.9% 694 2.7% 46
1972 70.0% 1,164 25.7% 428 4.3% 71
1968 63.8% 1,120 23.4% 411 12.8% 225
1964 49.8% 967 49.3% 957 0.9% 17
1960 65.2% 1,243 34.2% 651 0.6% 12
1956 72.6% 1,328 27.0% 493 0.4% 8
1952 80.0% 1,544 19.1% 369 0.9% 18
1948 63.7% 1,105 33.4% 579 2.9% 50
1944 72.9% 1,107 26.8% 406 0.3% 5
1940 66.8% 1,201 32.5% 584 0.7% 12
1936 51.2% 955 48.6% 908 0.2% 4
1932 44.3% 867 52.3% 1,025 3.4% 67
1928 71.6% 1,066 27.2% 405 1.1% 17
1924 63.9% 942 19.4% 286 16.8% 247
1920 68.5% 781 27.4% 312 4.1% 47
1916 42.1% 592 50.4% 709 7.6% 107
1912 20.2% 166 31.6% 259 48.2% 396[lower-alpha 1]
1908 59.3% 524 34.9% 308 5.8% 51
1904 71.8% 408 20.6% 117 7.6% 43
1900 60.5% 319 33.4% 176 6.1% 32
1896 60.4% 274 38.6% 175 1.1% 5
1892 58.1% 457 41.9% 329
1888 65.8% 609 30.6% 283 3.6% 33

Like all the High Plains, Logan County is overwhelmingly Republican. Only two Democrats have ever carried the county in a Presidential election: Woodrow Wilson in 1916 and Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932. Since at least 1888 only three other Democrats have passed forty percent of the county's vote: Roosevelt in 1936, Lyndon Johnson in 1964 and Jimmy Carter in 1976. In fact, apart from Michael Dukakis in 1988 during an election held during the grip of a major Plains drought, no Democrat since 1980 has passed 21 percent of the county's vote.

Laws

Following amendment to the Kansas Constitution in 1986, the county remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 2006, when voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink without a food sales requirement.[15]

Education

Unified school districts

Communities
2005 KDOT Map of Logan County (map legend)

Cities

Unincorporated communities

Townships

Logan County is divided into eleven townships. None of the cities within the county is considered governmentally independent, and all figures for the townships include those of the cities.

In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Sources: 2000 U.S. Gazetteer from the U.S. Census Bureau.
TownshipFIPSPopulation
center		 PopulationPopulation
density
/km² (/sq mi)		 Land area
km² (sq mi)		Water area
km² (sq mi)		Water % Geographic coordinates
Augustine03350260 (0)187 (72)0 (0)0%38°44′14″N 101°21′15″W
Elkader20225150 (0)278 (107)0 (0)0.01%38°53′33″N 100°52′1″W
Lees39200170 (0)185 (72)0 (0)0%38°44′26″N 100°59′5″W
Logansport42325140 (0)278 (107)0 (0)0.01%38°51′29″N 101°4′9″W
McAllaster43600290 (0)276 (106)0 (0)0.01%39°2′58″N 101°22′4″W
Monument480501441 (1)276 (107)0 (0)0%39°4′17″N 101°2′42″W
Oakley51850Oakley2,3438 (22)278 (107)0 (0)0.01%39°6′43″N 100°51′32″W
Paxton55025240 (0)186 (72)0 (0)0%38°44′38″N 101°7′57″W
Russell Springs61900710 (1)279 (108)0 (0)0.03%38°53′16″N 101°12′15″W
Western76900440 (0)279 (108)0 (0)0.04%38°54′3″N 101°24′37″W
Winona80100Winona3191 (3)277 (107)0 (0)0%39°3′53″N 101°12′54″W

See also
  • Dry counties

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Volume 2. Standard Publishing Company. pp. 180.
  4. "Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park". Places We Protect www.nature.org. The Nature Conservancy. Retrieved 2019-10-16. The chalk outcroppings have had many names. In the late 19th century, they were said to resemble the ruins of many castles, thus “Castle City.” Some say that it got the name “Little Jerusalem” or “New Jerusalem” because from a distance it looks like the ancient walled city of Jerusalem. By the time The Nature Conservancy acquired the property, most modern-day locals and geologists knew it by the name of Little Jerusalem.
  5. http://www.kansascity.com/news/state/kansas/article107863027.html
  6. Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Volume 2. Chicago: Standard Publishing Company. pp. 180–181.
  7. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  8. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved December 23, 2019.
  9. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  10. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  11. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  12. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  13. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  14. http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS
  15. "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-10-08. Retrieved 2007-12-28.
Notes
  1. This total comprises 315 votes (38.37 percent) for Progressive Theodore Roosevelt (who carried the county) and 81 votes (9.87 percent) for Socialist Eugene V. Debs.

Further reading
See also: List of books about State of Kansas (which includes historical information about its counties and cities too)
County
Maps

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