Tai Phake language
Tai Phake is a language spoken in the Buri Dihing Valley of Assam, India.
Tai Phake | |
---|---|
Native to | India |
Region | Assam |
Ethnicity | Tai Phake people |
Native speakers | 2,000 (2007)[1] |
Kra–Dai
| |
Lik-Tai[2] | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | phk |
Glottolog | phak1238 [3] |
Distribution
Tai name | Translation of Tai name | Assamese/English name | District |
---|---|---|---|
ma꞉n3 pha꞉4 ke꞉5 taü3 | Lower Phake village | Namphakey | Dibrugarh |
ma꞉n3 pha꞉k4 ta꞉5 | Other side of the river village | Tipam Phake | Dibrugarh |
ma꞉n3 pha꞉4 ke꞉5 nɔ6 | Upper Phake village | Borphake | Tinsukia |
niŋ1 kam4 | Ning kam Nagas | Nigam Phake | Tinsukia |
ma꞉n3 pha꞉4 naiŋ2 | Red sky village | Faneng | Tinsukia |
məŋ2 la꞉ŋ2 | Country of the Lang Nagas | Mounglang | Tinsukia |
məŋ2 mɔ1 | Mine village | Man Mau | Tinsukia |
ma꞉n3 loŋ6 | Big village | Man Long | Tinsukia |
nauŋ1 lai6 | Nong Lai Nagas | Nonglai | - |
(Note: For an explanation of the notation system for Tai tones, see Proto-Tai language#Tones.)
The maːn˧ corresponds to the modern Thai บ้าน, ban, and Shan ဝၢၼ်ႈ wan which corresponds to 'village'.
Buragohain (1998) lists the following Tai Phake villages.
- Man Phake Tau (Namphake village, Assam)
- Man Tipam (Tipam Phake village, Assam)
- Man Phake Neu (Bor Phake village, Assam)
- Man Mo (Man Mo village, Assam)
- Man Phaneng (Phaneng village, Assam)
- Man Long (Long village, Assam)
- Man Nonglai (Nonglaui village, Assam)
- Man Monglang (Monglang village, Assam)
- Man Nigam (Nigam village, Assam)
- Man Wagun (Wagun village, Arunachal Pradesh)
- Man Lung Kung (Lung Kung village, Arunachal Pradesh)
Phonology
Initial consonants
Tai Phake has the following initial consonants[4]:
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | ||
Plosive | Tenuis | p | t | c | k | ʔ | |||||
Aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||||
Fricative | s | h | |||||||||
Lateral | l | ||||||||||
Semi-vowel | j | w | |||||||||
Final consonants
Tai Phake has the following final consonants:
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | voiceless | voiced | ||
Plosive | Tenuis | p | t | k | ʔ | ||||||
Aspirated | |||||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||||
Semi-vowel | j | w | |||||||||
-[w] occurs after front vowels and [a]-, -[j] occurs after back vowels and [a]-.[2]
Writing system
The Tai Phake have their own writing system called 'Lik-Tai', which they share with the Khamti people and Tai Aiton people.[2] It closely resembles the Northern Shan alphabet of Myanmar, which is a variant of the Burmese script, with some of the letters taking divergent shapes.[6]
Notes
- Tai Phake at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- Diller, Anthony (1992). "Tai languages in Assam: Daughters or Ghosts": 16. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Phake". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Diller, Anthony (1992). "Tai languages in Assam: Daughters or Ghosts": 14. Cite journal requires
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(help) - Morey, Stephen (2008). "The Tai Languages of Assam". Cite journal requires
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(help) - Inglis, Douglas (2017). "Myanmar-based Khamti Shan Orthography". Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help)
References
- Buragohain, Yehom. 1998. "Some notes on the Tai Phakes of Assam, in Shalardchai Ramitanondh Virada Somswasdi and Ranoo Wichasin." In Tai, pp. 126–143. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Chiang Mai University.
- Morey, Stephen. 2005. The Tai languages of Assam: a grammar and texts. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.