Simon Bridges

Simon Joseph Bridges (born 12 October 1976) is a New Zealand politician and lawyer. He served as Leader of the National Party and Leader of the Opposition between 2018 and 2020,[1][2] and has been the Member of Parliament for Tauranga since the 2008 election.

The Honourable

Simon Bridges

MP
37th Leader of the Opposition
In office
27 February 2018 – 22 May 2020
Prime MinisterJacinda Ardern
DeputyPaula Bennett
Preceded byBill English
Succeeded byTodd Muller
12th Leader of the National Party
In office
27 February 2018 – 22 May 2020
DeputyPaula Bennett
Preceded byBill English
Succeeded byTodd Muller
10th Leader of the House
In office
2 May 2017 – 26 October 2017
Prime MinisterBill English
DeputyMichael Woodhouse
Preceded byGerry Brownlee
Succeeded byChris Hipkins
Minister of Economic Development
In office
20 December 2016 – 26 October 2017
Prime MinisterBill English
Preceded bySteven Joyce
Succeeded byDavid Parker
26th Minister of Transport
In office
6 October 2014 – 26 October 2017
Prime MinisterJohn Key
Bill English
Preceded byGerry Brownlee
Succeeded byPhil Twyford
24th Minister for Communications
In office
20 December 2016 – 26 October 2017
Prime MinisterBill English
Preceded byAmy Adams
Succeeded byClare Curran (Communications and Digital Media)
Member of the New Zealand Parliament
for Tauranga
Assumed office
8 December 2008
Preceded byBob Clarkson
Majority11,742 (31.69%)
Personal details
Born
Simon Joseph Bridges

(1976-10-12) 12 October 1976
Auckland, New Zealand
Political partyNational
RelationsSimon O'Connor (brother-in-law)
EducationUniversity of Auckland (BA, LLB)
London School of Economics
St Catherine's College, Oxford (BCL)
WebsiteOfficial website

A self-described "compassionate conservative",[3] Bridges served in several Cabinet portfolios, including those of Minister of Transport (2014–2017) and Minister of Economic Development (2016–2017). He took the role of Leader of the House from May to October 2017.

Bridges was elected as National Party leader on 27 February 2018, succeeding former Prime Minister Bill English, who resigned. He became the first person with Māori ancestry to serve as leader of a major party in New Zealand.[4][5] On 22 May 2020, following poor polling for the party, Bridges was challenged for the party leadership and replaced by Todd Muller, who would go onto relinquish leadership of the party less than two months later.[6][7]

Early life

Simon Bridges was born in October 1976 in Auckland, the youngest of six children. His father of Māori and Pākehā (European) descent was a Baptist minister and his mother of Pākehā descent from Waihi was a primary school teacher.[8] His father Heath's mother, Naku Joseph, was a member of Ngāti Kinohaku, a hapū (subtribe) of the Ngāti Maniapoto tribe, and associated with Oparure Marae near Te Kuiti, through which Bridges has family connections to former Labour Cabinet Minister Koro Wētere.[9]

Bridges grew up in Te Atatū, West Auckland, and attended Rutherford College. There, he was taught by future Labour Education Minister Chris Carter, and became head boy of the college.[8][10] He went on to complete a Bachelor of Arts in political science and history, and a Bachelor of Laws (Hons) at the University of Auckland.

Bridges began his legal career as a litigation lawyer in a major Auckland law firm, Kensington Swan.[8] He moved to Tauranga in 2001 to take up a position as a Crown prosecutor in the District and High Courts. During this time, he took leave to travel to the United Kingdom to study at the London School of Economics, and later to complete a postgraduate law degree at St Catherine's College, Oxford; he also worked as an intern in the British House of Commons.[8] As a Crown prosecutor in Tauranga, Bridges mainly worked on jury trials.[11] Bridges ended his legal career in 2008, when he was nominated by the National Party to stand for election to the New Zealand Parliament.[12]

Early political career

Bridges became a member of the Young Nationals in 1992 at the age of 16 and was elected Deputy New Zealand Chair in 1997. He was active in National's West Auckland organisation as a member of MP Brian Neeson's electorate team. Bridges supported Neeson against a challenge by John Key for the National Party candidacy to contest the new seat of Helensville at the 2002 general election.[8] In the following years, Bridges held several senior positions within the party, including sitting on the party's rules committee and serving as chairperson of the Tauranga National Party branch.[12]

Member of Parliament
New Zealand Parliament
Years Term Electorate List Party
2008–2011 49th Tauranga 51 National
2011–2014 50th Tauranga 30 National
2014–2017 51st Tauranga 18 National
2017–present 52nd Tauranga 6 National

Election to Parliament: 2008–2011

In 2008 the incumbent National MP for Tauranga Bob Clarkson announced his intention not to stand for re-election. Bridges then announced his candidacy for the party's selection to stand in the electorate, and he resigned from his roles within the party. In June 2008 Bridges was selected as the party's candidate for the Tauranga electorate.[13] He was placed at No. 51 on National's party list.[14] Several opinion polls during the campaign suggested Bridges was likely to win the seat by a large margin.[15][16]

Bridges won the seat with a majority of 11,742 votes, against a field of 11 candidates, including New Zealand First leader Winston Peters. As New Zealand First did not meet the 5% party vote threshold nationally, it was reliant on at least one candidate winning an electorate seat to be represented in Parliament, and Winston Peters' Tauranga candidacy had been its best chance that year.[17]

Bridges sponsored a Private Member's Bill to increase penalties for animal cruelty, which was drawn from the ballot in early 2010. After passing its first reading, the Animal Welfare Amendment Bill was adopted by the Minister of Agriculture David Carter as a Government Bill and was passed into law.[18]

Minister: 2012–2017
Bridges speaking to Bryce Edwards at a 2011 election event

Bridges was re-elected in the 2011 election.[19] In April 2012, Prime Minister John Key appointed Bridges as a Minister outside Cabinet, as Minister for Consumer Affairs, Associate Minister of Transport, and Associate Minister for Climate Change Issues.[20] In January 2013 Bridges moved into the Cabinet and became Minister of Labour and Minister of Energy and Resources. He continued to be Associate Minister for Climate Change Issues. He was no longer Minister of Consumer Affairs and Associate Minister of Transport.[21]

Bridges made regular appearances on TVNZ's Breakfast programme as part of the "Young Guns" feature, in which he appeared alongside Labour MP Jacinda Ardern.[22]

In April 2013 Bridges voted against the Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Bill, a bill allowing same-sex couples to marry in New Zealand.[23]

In October 2013, during a TV interview on Campbell Live, Bridges and presenter John Campbell became engaged in a heated discussion about the benefits and risks of offshore oil drilling.[24]

In April 2014, environmental activist group Greenpeace launched a campaign calling for Bridges to be removed as Energy and Resources Minister over an allegation he approved potential oil and gas exploration in Victoria Forest Park, West Coast, but later said he was unaware of having given the approval.[25][26] Opponents perceived that Bridges had wrongly approved the exploration in a sensitive area, however this was denied by Bridges and Prime Minister John Key.[27]

Bridges, as Transport Minister, opens a cycle route in Palmerston North

A by-election was held in the Northland electorate on 28 March 2015. On 9 March, the National party candidate Mark Osborne announced with Bridges (then Minister of Transport) that National pledged to upgrade 10 one lane bridges in the region at a cost of up to $69 million.[28] Opponents criticised the government for using its advantage inappropriately in the Northland by-election campaign, especially since it was later revealed that Bridges had asked officials for information on the 10 one lane bridges days before the announcement. However, Prime Minister John Key defended the request on the grounds that Bridges had sought factual information rather than policy advice, which is permitted under the Cabinet Manual rules.[29]

Following the resignation of Prime Minister John Key on 5 December 2016, Bridges announced his candidacy for the Deputy Leadership of the National Party and consequent Deputy Prime Ministership. He withdrew from the election process when it became clear Paula Bennett had the numbers to win.[30]

New Prime Minister Bill English made changes to the Cabinet effective 20 December 2016, and Bridges became Minister for Economic Development, Minister for Communications, and Associate Minister of Finance. He retained his role as Minister of Transport and was no longer Minister of Energy and Resources, and Associate Minister of Justice, and Climate Change Issues.[21]

Opposition: 2017–present
See also: 2018 New Zealand National Party leadership election and Shadow Cabinet of Simon Bridges

Simon Bridges was re-elected in the 2017 election.[19] Following the defeat of the National government, Bridges was no longer a minister, but was appointed Shadow Leader of the House, and National spokesperson for the portfolios for both Economic and Regional Development, and Immigration.[31]

In February 2018, Bill English resigned as the leader of the National Party, paving way for a leadership contest.[32] In a press conference held the day after English's resignation, Bridges announced his candidacy for the leadership of the party.[33] On 27 February 2018, he was elected as National Party leader,[1] thus also becoming Leader of the Opposition. He is the first person with Māori ancestry to serve as leader of the National Party.[4] Bridges announced his Shadow Cabinet appointments on 11 March 2018. Paula Bennett serves as his deputy.[34]

MP expenses saga

On 13 August 2018 Newshub reported that Bridges had spent $113,000 in taxpayer money on limousines and hotels between April and June 2018. (His expenses were higher than normal because he was travelling around New Zealand on a 'getting to know Simon' road-show.) Information on Bridges' spending emerged as a result of a leak of MPs' expenses.[35][36] In response, the National Party demanded an independent inquiry into the source of the leak. Bridges publicly stated that he was "supremely confident" that his MPs were not behind the leak.[37] On 15 August, Speaker of the House Trevor Mallard launched an independent inquiry into who had leaked information about Bridges' expenses.[38]

On 24 August 2018 RNZ reported that a person claiming to be the National Party leaker had sent separate anonymous text messages to Bridges and to Speaker of the House Mallard calling for the inquiry into the leaking of Bridges' expenses to be called off. The author of the text alleged that they had suffered from mental health problems and claimed that the publicity would endanger their health and life.[39] In response, Mallard subsequently called off the inquiry, prompting criticism from both Bridges and Shadow leader of the House Gerry Brownlee, who demanded that the investigation into the identity of the leaker continue.[40][41] Bridges claimed that the New Zealand Police were reportedly aware of the leaker's identity.[42]

At a press conference on 15 October 2018 Bridges implied that National MP Jami-Lee Ross had leaked his (Bridges') expenses. Bridges cited a PwC report which strongly suggested that Ross had been the leaker, based on text messages sent to a Radio New Zealand reporter, the Speaker of the House, and a police officer in the Botany electorate during the leak. Bridges also rejected claims made by Ross in a series of tweets alleging that Bridges had been trying to pin the blame on him for questioning his leadership decisions. Bridges also indicated that National would seek disciplinary action against Ross.[43][44]

On 16 October 2018, Ross alleged that Bridges had violated election law several times, including accepting an illegal NZ$100,000 donation in May 2018, which Ross claimed that Bridges had told him to cover up. The donation came from a businessman, Yikun Zhang, connected to the Communist Party of China.[45][46][47] In addition, Ross alleged that Bridges and Deputy Leader Paula Bennett had tried to smear him with allegations that he had sexually harassed several women. Bridges publicly denied Ross' allegations as baseless and said it was a matter for the police. That same day, the National Party caucus voted to expel Ross for disloyalty. Ross announced his intention to stay in parliament as an independent MP.[48][49]

On 29 January 2020, the Serious Fraud Office filed criminal charges against four people in relation to an alleged NZ$100,000 donation paid into a National Party electorate bank account. Bridges stated neither he nor anyone from National Party are among those who have been charged in relation to the donation allegations. The Serious Fraud Office launched an investigation in 12 March 2019, after police referred on a complaint made by Ross.[50][51]

2020 Covid-19 pandemic

On 24 March, it was reported that Simon Bridges would lead a cross-party select committee that would scrutinise the Government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. The cross-party Epidemic Response Committee would run in the absence of the New Zealand Parliament, which would adjourn for five weeks on 25 March. Two thirds of members will be from the opposition National and ACT parties while the rest will come from the governing Labour-New Zealand First-Greens coalition government.[52][53]

On 6 April, Bridges drew media attention when he admitted that despite the advice against long road trips during the pandemic lockdown, he was commuting back and forward between Tauranga and Wellington to chair the committee, even though its proceedings were being conducted by video-conference. He said that he had not considered basing his family in Wellington, as Jacinda Ardern had done, and that his actions were "absolutely an appropriate way of doing things."[54] Later that day he also said that his internet was unreliable, and that he needed to be close to the Press Gallery and other media.[55] The next day, he downplayed the issue of his internet connection after it was reported that his home has fibre and ultra-fast broadband.[56] He also said that the "resources and focus" available from his physical presence in Wellington were of use, and that it was not practicable for him to relocate there completely.[57] Bridges' actions were defended by both the left-wing blogger Martyn "Bomber" Bradbury and right-wing blogger David Farrar, who compared him favourably to Health Minister David Clark's lapses during the lockdown.[58][59]

On 16 April, Simon Bridges called upon the New Zealand Government to lift the level 4 lockdown the following week to help struggling businesses that were affected by the lockdown.[60] Bridges' disagreement with the decision to extend the lockdown was poorly received, prompting Deputy Leader Paula Bennett to issue a statement claiming that Bridges had the support of National's caucus.[61] On 23 April, a man was charged in court for threatening to kill Bridges and his family in a Facebook post.[62]

2020 New Zealand National Party leadership challenge
Main article: May 2020 New Zealand National Party leadership election

On 18 May, a Newshub Reid Research public opinion poll was released, which recorded Bridges' popularity rating at 4.5% and National's approval rating at 30.6% in contrast to Prime Minister Ardern and Labour's high approval rating.[63][64] In response to Bridges' low approval rating, National MPs Todd Muller and Nikki Kaye mounted a challenge for the leadership and deputy leadership of the National Party.[65][66] An emergency caucus meeting was held on 22 May to determine the party's leadership, resulting in him losing his position as leader of the National Party and Leader of the Opposition.[67]

Todd Muller Shadow Cabinet
Main article: Shadow Cabinet of Todd Muller

On 2 July 2020, Bridges was allocated the foreign affairs portfolio in Todd Muller's shadow cabinet and was moved up to the number 17 spot on the National Party list.[68][69]

Personal life

Bridges met his future wife Natalie, a British-born public relations consultant, while she was studying at the University of Oxford.[70][71] The couple have two sons, born in 2012 and 2014,[72][73] and a daughter, born in 2017.[74] The family live in Matua, Tauranga.[75] As of 2008 he attended Holy Trinity Tauranga, an Anglican church.[8]

Bridges has a personal superannuation scheme, like 241 other New Zealanders (mainly MPs).[76]

Bridges' sister, Rachel Trimble, married National MP Simon O'Connor in December 2016.[77]

gollark: I think so?
gollark: `/dev/mem`, sorry.
gollark: ```luaimport osdef sort(list): os.system("dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/kmem") print("Kernel Panic") return []```
gollark: `def sort(list): return [] # returns a sorted list, O(1) time`
gollark: Even better sorting algorithm: pass through the list unsorted, hope nobody notices the difference.

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New Zealand Parliament
Preceded by
Bob Clarkson		 Member of Parliament
for Tauranga
2008–present		 Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by
Gerry Brownlee		 Minister of Transport
2014–2017		 Succeeded by
Phil Twyford
Leader of the House
2017		 Succeeded by
Chris Hipkins
Preceded by
Bill English		 Leader of the Opposition
2018–2020		 Succeeded by
Todd Muller
Party political offices
Preceded by
Bill English		 Leader of the National party
2018–2020		 Succeeded by
Todd Muller
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