Secretary of State for India

His (or Her) Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for India, known for short as the India Secretary or the Indian Secretary, was the British Cabinet minister and the political head of the India Office responsible for the governance of the British Indian Empire (usually known simply as 'the Raj' or British India), Aden, and Burma. The post was created in 1858 when the East India Company's rule in Bengal ended and India, except for the Princely States, was brought under the direct administration of the government in Whitehall in London, beginning the official colonial period under the British Empire.

Secretary of State for India
Royal Arms as used by His Majesty's Government
India Office
Member of	British Cabinet Privy Council
Seat	Westminster, London
Appointer	The British Monarch on advice of the Prime Minister
Term length	No fixed term
Constituting instrument	Government of India Act
Precursor	President of the Board of Control
Formation	2 August 1858
First holder	Lord Stanley
Final holder	The 5th Earl of Listowel
Abolished	14 August 1947
Deputy	Under-Secretary of State for India

The ceremonial seat of the Chairman of the Court of Directors of the East India Company, and subsequently that of the Secretary of State for India

The 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn, Secretary of State for India from 1905 to 1910 and again briefly, as acting Secretary, in 1911

In 1937, the India Office was reorganised which separated Burma and Aden under a new Burma Office, but the same Secretary of State headed both Departments and a new title was established as His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for India and Burma. The India Office and its Secretary of State were abolished in August 1947, when the United Kingdom granted independence in the Indian Independence Act, which created two new independent dominions, India and Pakistan. Burma soon achieved independence separately in early 1948.

Secretaries of State for India, 1858–1937

Prior to the establishment of the British Empire on 2 August 1858, Lord Stanley had served as President of the Board of Control.

Portrait		Name	Term of office		Political party	Prime Minister
		The Right Honourable Lord Stanley MP for King's Lynn	2 August 1858	11 June 1859	Conservative		The 14th Earl of Derby
		The Right Honourable Sir Charles Wood Bt GCB PC MP for Halifax until 1865 MP for Ripon after 1865	18 June 1859	16 February 1866[1]	Liberal		Viscount Palmerston
							The Earl Russell
		The Right Honourable The Earl de Grey VD PC	16 February 1866	26 June 1866	Liberal
		The Right Honourable Viscount Cranborne MP for Stamford	6 July 1866	8 March 1867	Conservative		The 14th Earl of Derby
		The Right Honourable Sir Stafford Northcote Bt CB MP for North Devonshire	8 March 1867	1 December 1868	Conservative
							Benjamin Disraeli
		His Grace The Duke of Argyll KT PC	9 December 1868	17 February 1874	Liberal		William Ewart Gladstone
		The Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury PC FRS	21 February 1874	2 April 1878	Conservative		Benjamin Disraeli
		The Right Honourable The Viscount Cranbrook PC	2 April 1878	21 April 1880	Conservative
		The Most Honourable Marquess of Hartington MP for North East Lancashire	28 April 1880	16 December 1882	Liberal		William Ewart Gladstone
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Kimberley PC	16 December 1882	9 June 1885	Liberal
		The Right Honourable Lord Randolph Churchill MP for Paddington South	24 June 1885	28 January 1886	Conservative		The Marquess of Salisbury
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Kimberley KG PC	6 February 1886	20 July 1886	Liberal		William Ewart Gladstone
		The Right Honourable The Viscount Cross GCB PC	3 August 1886	11 August 1892	Conservative		The Marquess of Salisbury
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Kimberley KG PC	18 August 1892	10 March 1894	Liberal		William Ewart Gladstone
		The Right Honourable Henry Fowler MP for Wolverhampton East	10 March 1894	21 June 1895	Liberal		The Earl of Rosebery
		The Right Honourable Lord George Hamilton MP for Ealing	4 July 1895	9 October 1903[2]	Conservative		The Marquess of Salisbury (Unionist Coalition)
							Arthur Balfour (Unionist Coalition)
		The Right Honourable William St John Brodrick MP for Guildford	9 October 1903	4 December 1905	Irish Unionist
		The Right Honourable John Morley OM PC MP for Montrose Burghs until 1908 Viscount Morley of Blackburn after 1908	10 December 1905	3 November 1910	Liberal		Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
							H. H. Asquith
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Crewe KG PC FSA	3 November 1910	7 March 1911	Liberal
		The Right Honourable The Viscount Morley of Blackburn OM PC	7 March 1911	25 May 1911	Liberal
		The Most Honourable The Marquess of Crewe KG PC FSA	25 May 1911	25 May 1915	Liberal
		The Right Honourable Austen Chamberlain MP for Birmingham West	25 May 1915	17 July 1917[3]	Conservative		H. H. Asquith (Coalition) David Lloyd George (Coalition)
		The Right Honourable Edwin Montagu MP for Chesterton until 1918 MP for Cambridgeshire after 1918	17 July 1917	19 March 1922	Liberal
		The Right Honourable The Viscount Peel GBE PC	19 March 1922	22 January 1924	Conservative		Bonar Law
							Stanley Baldwin
		The Right Honourable The Lord Olivier KCMG CB PC	22 January 1924	3 November 1924	Labour		Ramsay MacDonald
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Birkenhead KCMG PC KC	6 November 1924	18 October 1928	Conservative		Stanley Baldwin
		The Right Honourable The Viscount Peel GBE PC	18 October 1928	4 June 1929	Conservative
		The Right Honourable William Wedgwood Benn DSO MP for Aberdeen North	7 June 1929	24 August 1931	Labour		Ramsay MacDonald
		The Right Honourable Sir Samuel Hoare Bt GCSI GBE CMG JP MP for Chelsea	25 August 1931	7 June 1935	Conservative		Ramsay MacDonald (1st & 2nd National Min.)
		The Most Honourable The Marquess of Zetland GCSI GCIE PC	7 June 1935	28 May 1937	Conservative		Stanley Baldwin (3rd National Min.)

Secretaries of State for India and Burma, 1937–1947

Portrait		Name	Term of office		Political party	Prime Minister
		The Marquess of Zetland GCSI GCIE PC	28 May 1937	13 May 1940	Conservative		Neville Chamberlain (4th National Min.; War Coalition)
		The Right Honourable Leo Amery MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook	13 May 1940	26 July 1945	Conservative		Winston Churchill (War Coalition; Caretaker Min.)
		The Right Honourable The Lord Pethick-Lawrence PC	3 August 1945	17 April 1947	Labour		Clement Attlee
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Listowel PC	14 August 1947	4 January 1948	Labour

Secretaries of State for Burma, 1947–1948

Portrait		Name	Term of office		Political party	Prime Minister
		The Right Honourable The Earl of Listowel PC	14 August 1947	4 January 1948	Labour		Clement Attlee

See also

• India Office
• British Raj
• British rule in Burma
• Governor-General of India
• Imperial Civil Service
• Government of India Act

History of English and British government departments with responsibility for foreign affairs and those with responsibility for the colonies, dominions and the Commonwealth
Northern Department 1660–1782 Secretaries Undersecretaries		Foreign Office 1782–1968 Secretaries Ministers Undersecretaries							Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1968–present Secretaries Ministers Undersecretaries
Southern Department 1660–1768 Secretaries Undersecretaries	Colonial Office 1768–1782 Secretaries Undersecretaries	Home Office 1782–1794 Secretaries Undersecretaries	War Office 1794–1801 Secretaries Undersecretaries	War and Colonial Office 1801–1854 Secretaries Undersecretaries	Colonial Office 1854–1925 Secretaries Undersecretaries	Colonial Office 1925–1966 Secretaries Ministers Undersecretaries		Commonwealth Office 1966–1968 Secretaries Ministers Undersecretaries
	Southern Department 1768–1782 Secretaries Undersecretaries					Dominions Office 1925–1947 Secretaries Undersecretaries	Commonwealth Relations Office 1947–1966 Secretaries Ministers Undersecretaries
.					India Office 1858–1937 Secretaries Undersecretaries	India Office and Burma Office 1937–1947 Secretaries Undersecretaries

Notes

1. Resigned after being injured in a hunting accident.
2. Resigned.
3. Resigned.

External links