Ripon (UK Parliament constituency)

Ripon was a constituency sending members to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1983, centred on the city of Ripon in North Yorkshire.

Ripon
Former County constituency for the House of Commons
County	West Riding of Yorkshire
1885–1983
Number of members	One
Replaced by	Skipton and Ripon, Leeds North West, Keighley and Shipley[1]
1295–1885
Number of members	Two until 1868, then one
Type of constituency	Borough constituency

History

Ripon was first represented in the Model Parliament of 1295, and also returned members in 1307 and 1337, but it was not permanently represented until 1553, after which it returned two Members of Parliament. It was a parliamentary borough consisting only of the town of Ripon itself until the Great Reform Act of 1832; the right to vote was vested in the holders of the tightly-controlled burgage tenements — count-of-head polls were accordingly rare — for, the last contested election in Ripon before the Reform Act 1832 was in 1715. By 1832 it was estimated that there were 43 men qualified to vote; the total of adult males over age 20 in the township in 1831 was recorded at 3,571.[2]

Such a burgeoning middle class population when considered under the 1832 Reform Act made for Ripon a relatively major borough; its qualifying freehold-owning or more expensive house-leasing electorate were supplemented by such electors in neighbouring Aismunderby-cum-Bondgate. The sum of these male electors returned two members to each parliament. The next Reform Act which came into force at the 1868 election reduced Ripon's representation from two MPs to one and enfranchised many of the under-represented high-growth areas of Britain.

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 abolished the borough of Ripon; instead the county constituency in which the town was placed as a result was named Ripon (strictly speaking, at first, "The Ripon Division of the West Riding of Yorkshire"), and this continued as a single member constituency, with intervening boundary changes until it was abolished before the 1983 general election. Until 1950 it included, as well as Ripon itself, the towns of Harrogate and Knaresborough; the post-1950 guise took in Ilkley and Otley.

Boundaries

1885–1918: The Borough of Ripon, the Sessional Divisions of Claro and Kirkby Malzeard, and the Liberty of Ripon.

1918–1950: The Boroughs of Ripon and Harrogate, the Urban District of Knaresborough, the Rural Districts of Knaresborough, Pateley Bridge, and Ripon, and part of the Rural District of Great Ouseburn.

1950–1983: The Borough of Ripon, the Urban Districts of Ilkley and Otley, and the Rural Districts of Ripon and Pateley Bridge, and Wharfedale.

Members of Parliament

• Constituency re-created (1553)

MPs 1553–1640

Parliament	First member	Second member
1553 (Oct)	Marmaduke Wyvill	Edward Beseley [3]
1554 (Apr)	William Rastell	John Temple [3]
1554 (Nov)	Thomas More II	Thomas Seckford [3]
1555	John Holmes	Thomas Poley [3]
1558	William Heath	Thomas Lewknor [3]
1559	Francis Kempe	John Sapcote[4]
1562/3	George Leighe	Richard Pratt [4]
1571	Martin Birkhead	Anthony Roane [4]
1572	Martin Birkhead	John Scott [4]
1584	William Spencer	Gervase Lee [4]
1586	William Spencer	Samuel Sandys [4]
1588	Peter York	William Smith [4]
1593	Anthony Wingfield	William Bennet [4]
1597	Sir John Bennet	Christopher Perkins [4]
1601	John Thornborough	Christopher Perkins [4]
1604	Sir John Mallory	Sir John Bennet
1614	Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby	William Mallory
1621	Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby	William Mallory
1624	Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby	William Mallory
1625	Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby	William Mallory
1626	Thomas Best	Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby
1628	Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby	William Mallory
1629–1640	No Parliaments summoned

MPs 1640–1867

Year			First member	First party	Second member	Second party
		November 1640	William Mallory	Royalist	John Mallory	Royalist
		September 1642	William Mallory disabled to sit - seat vacant
		January 1644			John Mallory disabled to sit - seat vacant
		1645	Sir Charles Egerton		Miles Moody (d. March 1647)
		1647			Sir John Bourchier
		December 1648	Egerton excluded in Pride's Purge - seat vacant
		1653	Ripon was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
		January 1659	Edmund Jennings		Jonathan Jennings
		May 1659	Not represented in the restored Rump
		April 1660	Henry Arthington		Edmund Jennings
		1661	John Nicholas		Thomas Burwell
		1673			Sir Edmund Jennings
		February 1679	Richard Sterne
		August 1679			Christopher Wandesford
		1685	Sir Gilbert Dolben, 1st Baronet		Sir Edmund Jennings
		1689	Sir Jonathan Jennings		Sir Edward Blackett, Bt
		1690			Sir Edmund Jennings
		1691			Jonathan Jennings
		1695	John Aislabie	Tory
		1701			John Sharp
		1702	Sir William Hustler
		1705	John Aislabie[5]	Tory, later Country Whig
		1715			The Viscount Castlecomer
		1719			William Aislabie I
		1721	William Aislabie II	Tory[6]
		1722			John Scrope
		1727			William Aislabie III
		1734			Thomas Duncombe
		1741			Hon. Henry Vane	Whig
		1747			Sir Charles Vernon
		1761			William Lawrence
		1768			Charles Allanson
		1775			William Lawrence	Tory[6]
		1780			Frederick Robinson	Tory[6]
		1781	William Lawrence	Tory[6]
		1787			Sir John Goodricke, Bt	Tory[6]
		1789			Sir George Allanson-Winn, Bt[7]	Tory[6]
		April 1798			John Heathcote	Tory[6]
		October 1798	Sir James Graham, Bt	Tory[6]
		1806			The Lord Headley	Tory[6]
		1807	F. J. Robinson	Tory[6]	George Gipps	Tory[6]
		1826			Lancelot Shadwell	Tory[6]
		1827	Louis Hayes Petit	Tory[6]
		1828			Sir Robert Inglis	Tory[6]
		1829			George Spence	Tory[6]
		1831		Whig[6]		Whig[6]
		1832	Thomas Staveley	Whig[6]	Joshua Crompton	Whig[6]
		1835	Sir Charles Dalbiac	Conservative[6]	Thomas Pemberton	Conservative[6]
		1837	Sir Edward Sugden	Conservative[6]
		1841	Sir George Cockburn	Conservative[6]
		1843			Thomas Cusack-Smith	Conservative
		1846			Hon. Edwin Lascelles	Conservative[6]
		1847	Sir James Graham, Bt	Peelite[8][9][10][11]
		1852	William Beckett	Conservative
		1857	John Ashley Warre	Whig[12][13][14]	John Greenwood	Whig[15]
		1859		Liberal		Liberal
		1860	Reginald Vyner	Liberal
		1865	Sir Charles Wood	Liberal	Robert Kearsley	Liberal
		1866	Lord John Hay	Liberal
		1868	Representation reduced to one member

MPs 1868–1983

Election		Member	Party
	1868	Lord John Hay	Liberal
	1871 by-election	Sir Henry Knight Storks	Liberal
	1874	Earl de Grey	Liberal
	1880	George Goschen	Liberal
1885		Ripon parliamentary borough abolished, replaced by Ripon Division of the West Riding (county constituency)
	1885	William Harker	Liberal
	1886	John Lloyd Wharton	Conservative
	1906	H. F. B. Lynch	Liberal
	Jan. 1910	Hon. Edward Wood	Conservative
	1925 by-election	John Hills	Conservative
	1939 by-election	Christopher York	Conservative
	1950	Sir Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	Conservative
	1973 by-election	David Austick	Liberal
	Feb 1974	Dr Keith Hampson	Conservative
	1983	constituency abolished

Election results

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Ripon[6][16][17]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Tory	Louis Hayes Petit	Unopposed
	Tory	George Spence	Unopposed
	Tory hold
	Tory hold

General election 1831: Ripon[6][16][17]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Whig	Louis Hayes Petit	Unopposed
	Whig	George Spence	Unopposed
Registered electors			43
	Whig gain from Tory
	Whig gain from Tory

General election 1832: Ripon[6][16][16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Whig	Thomas Kitchingman Staveley	168	25.6
	Whig	Joshua Samuel Crompton	168	25.6
	Tory	James Charles Dalbiac	162	24.7
	Tory	William Markham	159	24.2
Majority			6	0.9
Turnout			330	96.8
Registered electors			341
	Whig hold
	Whig hold

General election 1835: Ripon[6][16][16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	James Charles Dalbiac	246	40.6	+15.9
	Conservative	Thomas Pemberton	235	38.8	+14.6
	Whig	Thomas Kitchingman Staveley	125	20.6	−30.6
Majority			110	18.2	N/A
Turnout			360	94.0	−2.8
Registered electors			383
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+15.6
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+15.0

General election 1837: Ripon[6][16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Thomas Pemberton	Unopposed
	Conservative	Edward Sugden	Unopposed
Registered electors			424
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1841: Ripon[6][16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Thomas Pemberton	Unopposed
	Conservative	Edward Sugden	Unopposed
Registered electors			373
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

Sugden resigned after being appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland, causing a by-election.

By-election, 27 September 1841: Ripon[6][16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	George Cockburn	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

Pemberton resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election,

By-election, 18 March 1843: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Thomas Cusack-Smith	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

Cusack-Smith resigned after being appointed Master of the Rolls in Ireland, causing a by-election.

By-election, 2 February 1846: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Edwin Lacelles	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

General election 1847: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Edwin Lacelles	Unopposed
	Peelite	James Graham	Unopposed
Registered electors			350
	Conservative hold
	Peelite gain from Conservative

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	William Beckett	266	49.0	N/A
	Conservative	Edwin Lascelles	202	37.2	N/A
	Radical	Augustus Newton[18]	75	13.8	New
Majority			127	23.4	N/A
Turnout			309 (est)	87.5 (est)	N/A
Registered electors			353
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A
	Conservative gain from Peelite		Swing	N/A

General election 1857: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Whig	John Ashley Warre	Unopposed
	Whig	John Greenwood	Unopposed
Registered electors			339
	Whig gain from Conservative
	Whig gain from Conservative

General election 1859: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Greenwood	223	48.6	N/A
	Liberal	John Ashley Warre	205	44.7	N/A
	Liberal	Alfred Bates Richards[19]	31	6.8	N/A
Majority			174	37.9	N/A
Turnout			230 (est)	68.1 (est)	N/A
Registered electors			337
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

Elections in the 1860s

Warre's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 22 December 1860: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Reginald Vyner	187	100	N/A
	Chartist	Frederick Richard Lees[20]	0	0	New
Majority			187	100	N/A
Turnout			187	54.5	−13.6
Registered electors			343
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

Lees retired before polling day.[21]

General election 1865: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Charles Wood	215	37.3	N/A
	Liberal	Robert Kearsley	189	32.8	N/A
	Liberal	John Greenwood	173	30.0	−18.6
Majority			16	2.8	−35.1
Turnout			289 (est)	82.9 (est)	+14.8
Registered electors			348
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

Wood was elevated to the peerage becoming 1st Viscount Halifax and causing a by-election.

By-election, 26 February 1866: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Hay	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

Hay was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 28 March 1866: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Hay	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

Seat reduced to one member

General election 1868: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Hay	554	57.6	N/A
	Conservative	George Cayley	408	42.4	N/A
Majority			146	15.2	+12.4
Turnout			962	85.0	+2.1
Registered electors			1,132
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

Hay was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 21 December 1868: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Hay	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

Elections in the 1870s

Hay resigned, causing a by-election.

By-election, 15 Feb 1871: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Henry Knight Storks	522	63.3	+5.7
	Conservative	George Cayley	302	36.7	−5.7
Majority			220	26.7	+11.5
Turnout			824	79.6	−5.4
Registered electors			1,035
	Liberal hold		Swing	+5.7

General election 1874: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Frederick Robinson	Unopposed
Registered electors			1,025
	Liberal hold

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: Ripon[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	George Goschen	591	62.0	N/A
	Conservative	Francis Darwin[22]	362	38.0	New
Majority			229	24.0	N/A
Turnout			953	87.7	N/A
Registered electors			1,087
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

General election 1885: Ripon[23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	William Harker	3,985	51.1	−10.9
	Conservative	John Lloyd Wharton	3,820	48.9	+10.9
Majority			165	2.2	−21.8
Turnout			7,805	86.3	−1.4
Registered electors			9,049
	Liberal hold		Swing	−10.9

J. L. Wharton

General election 1886: Ripon[23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Lloyd Wharton	4,113	56.8	+7.9
	Liberal	Claude Ashley Charles Ponsonby[24]	3,125	43.2	−7.9
Majority			988	13.6	N/A
Turnout			7,238	80.0	−6.3
Registered electors			9,049
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+7.9

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Ripon[23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Lloyd Wharton	4,268	53.9	−2.9
	Liberal	Henry Leetham	3,657	46.1	+2.9
Majority			611	7.8	−5.8
Turnout			7,925	77.7	−2.3
Registered electors			10,199
	Conservative hold		Swing	−2.9

Phillimore

General election 1895: Ripon[25]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Lloyd Wharton	4,435	54.3	+0.4
	Liberal	Robert Charles Phillimore	3,733	45.7	−0.4
Majority			702	8.6	+0.8
Turnout			8,168	79.9	+2.2
Registered electors			10,219
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.4

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Ripon[23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Lloyd Wharton	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

Henry Lynch

General election 1906: Ripon[23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	H. F. B. Lynch	5,645	51.4	New
	Conservative	John Lloyd Wharton	5,332	48.6	N/A
Majority			313	2.8	N/A
Turnout			10,977	86.9	N/A
Registered electors			12,635
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	N/A

Elections in the 1910s

General election January 1910: Ripon[23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Edward Wood	6,363	55.4	+6.8
	Liberal	H. F. B. Lynch	5,119	44.6	−6.8
Majority			1,244	10.8	N/A
Turnout			11,482	89.3	+2.4
Registered electors			12,860
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+6.8

General election December 1910: Ripon[26]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Edward Wood	5,894	54.0	−1.4
	Liberal	Henry Norman Rae	5,020	46.0	+1.4
Majority			874	8.0	−2.8
Turnout			10,914	84.9	−4.4
Registered electors			12,860
	Conservative hold		Swing	−1.4

General election 1914/15:

Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

• Unionist: Edward Wood
• Liberal:

General election 1918: Ripon [27]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
C	Unionist	Edward Wood	Unopposed
	Unionist hold
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1922: Ripon [27]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Edward Wood	Unopposed
	Unionist hold

General election 1923: Ripon [27]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Edward Wood	Unopposed
	Unionist hold

General election 1924: Ripon [27]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Edward Wood	Unopposed
	Unionist hold

1925 Ripon by-election[28]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	John Hills	16,433	59.0	N/A
	Liberal	John Murray	11,422	41.0	New
Majority			5,011	18.0	N/A
Turnout			27,855	74.6	N/A
Registered electors			37,338
	Unionist hold		Swing	N/A

General election 1929: Ripon[28]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	John Hills	23,173	55.1	N/A
	Liberal	Frederick L. Boult	14,542	34.6	N/A
	Labour	Arthur Godfrey	4,339	10.3	New
Majority			8,631	20.5	N/A
Turnout			42,054	76.2	N/A
Registered electors			55,191
	Unionist hold		Swing	N/A

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1931: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Hills	37,898	88.1	+33.0
	Labour	Robert Joseph Hall	5,125	11.9	+1.6
Majority			32,773	76.2	+55.7
Turnout			43,023	73.7	-2.5
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1935: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Hills	30,804	77.16
	Labour	Robert Joseph Hall	9,116	22.84
Majority			21,688	54.33
Turnout			39,920	68.64
	Conservative hold		Swing

1939 Ripon by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Christopher York	23,257	69.49
	Labour	Robert Joseph Hall	10,213	30.51
Majority			13,044	38.97
Turnout			33,470
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Christopher York	29,674	61.3	-15.9
	Labour	R. Hartley	12,599	26.0	+3.2
	Liberal	Mabel Cowley	6,122	12.6	New
Majority			17,075	35.3	-19.0
Turnout			48,395	69.8	+1.2
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1950: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	22,292	66.3	+5.0
	Labour	W. S. Hill	11,317	33.7	+7.7
Majority			10,975	32.6	-2.7
Turnout			33,609	84.0	+14.2
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1951: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	23,047	68.4	+2.1
	Labour	Sydney J. Andrews	10,627	31.6	-2.1
Majority			12,420	36.9	+4.3
Turnout			33,674	83.2	-0.8
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1955: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	21,977	68.9	+0.5
	Labour	Eric Brierley	9,912	31.1	-0.5
Majority			12,065	37.8	+0.9
Turnout			34,042	78.8	-4.4
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1959: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	22,757	69.9	+1.0
	Labour	Joseph H. Swann	9,791	30.1	-1.0
Majority			12,966	39.8	+2.0
Turnout			32,548	79.0	+0.2
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1964: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	18,503	54.9	-15.0
	Liberal	Ronald H. H. Duncan	7,814	23.2	New
	Labour	Peter A. O'Grady	7,341	21.8	-8.3
Majority			10,689	31.8	-8.0
Turnout			33,658	80.6	+1.6
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1966: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	17,352	52.2	-2.7
	Labour	Michael McGowan	8,607	25.9	+4.1
	Liberal	Ronald H. H. Duncan	7,301	22.0	-1.2
Majority			8,745	26.3	-5.5
Turnout			33,260	78.9	-1.7
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1970: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Malcolm Stoddart-Scott	21,211	60.7	+8.5
	Labour	David Daniel	9,147	26.2	+1.3
	Liberal	Valerie S. Craven	4,583	13.1	-8.9
Majority			12,064	34.5	+8.2
Turnout			34,941	73.6	-5.3
	Conservative hold		Swing

1973 Ripon by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	David Austick	13,902	43.5	+30.4
	Conservative	Keith Hampson	12,956	40.5	-20.2
	Labour	David Mark English	4,435	13.9	-12.3
	Ind. Conservative	R. E. G. Simmerson	690	2.1	New
Majority			946	3.0	N/A
Turnout			31,983	64.3	-9.4
Registered electors			49,761
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing

General election February 1974: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Keith Hampson	21,080	49.6	-11.1
	Liberal	David Austick	16,745	39.4	+26.3
	Labour	David Mark English	4,643	10.9	-15.3
Majority			4,335	10.2	-24.3
Turnout			42,468	85.4	+11.8
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election October 1974: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Keith Hampson	20,636	52.1	+2.5
	Liberal	David Austick	13,632	34.3	-5.1
	Labour	Stephen Peter Meyer	5,330	13.5	+2.6
Majority			7,004	17.8	+7.6
Turnout			39,598	78.9	-6.5
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1979: Ripon

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Keith Hampson	25,292	60.3	+8.2
	Liberal	Robert Tennant	9,089	21.7	-12.6
	Labour	William Neil Davies	6,749	16.1	+2.6
	Ecology	Alistair Laurence	781	1.9	New
Majority			16,203	38.7	+20.9
Turnout			41,911	78.8	-0.1
	Conservative hold		Swing

See also

• 1973 Ripon by-election

References

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2. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10465813/cube/OCC_PAR1831_TOT University of Portsmouth and others.
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5. Expelled from the House of Commons in 1721 for his role in the South Sea Bubble.
6. Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 164–167. Retrieved 29 November 2018 – via Google Books.
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16. Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
17. Casey, Martin. "Ripon". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
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