President of Moldova

The president of the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Președintele Republicii Moldova) is the head of state of Moldova. The current president, Igor Dodon assumes the office on 23 December 2016.

President of Moldova
Incumbent
Igor Dodon
since 23 December 2016
StyleHis/Her Excellency
ResidencePresidential Palace,
Condrița
AppointerPopular vote
Term lengthFour years, renewable once
Inaugural holderMircea Snegur
FormationSeptember 3, 1990
Salary9,264 USD annually[1]
Websitewww.presedinte.md
Moldova
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Oath of office

“I, <name>, solemnly swear to devote all my personal strength and abilities to the prosperity of the Republic of Moldova, to abide by the Constitution and the laws of the country, to defend democracy, fundamental human rights and freedoms, the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Moldova”.[2]

Presidential administration

The Presidential Administration is an organizational body that serves as the communication service between the government and the presidency and draws up decrees based on presidential policy. The president personally appoints all employees of the office.

Structure

The structure is as follows:[3]

  • Leadership
    • General Secretary
    • Deputy General Secretary
  • Cabinet
    • Policy Advisor
    • Legal Advisor and Representative of the President on relations with the Parliament and the Government
    • National Security Advisor - Secretary of the Supreme Security Council
    • Advisor for Foreign Policy and European Integration
    • Advisor for Social Development
    • Advisor in the Economic Field
    • Cultural and Education Advisor
    • Advisor in Agriculture and Public Administration
    • Reintegration Advisor
    • Public Relations Advisor - Press Secretary of the President
    • Assistant to the President
    • Assistant to the President - Personal Physician
  • Supreme Security Council
  • Heraldry Cabinet
  • General Directorate of Information and Documentation
  • Advisory Division
  • Fiscal Service
  • Human Resource Service
  • External Relations and Protocol Service
  • Press Office

Constitutional position

According to the Article 77 of the Constitution of Moldova (1994), the president of Moldova is the head of the state and represents the state and is the guarantor of national sovereignty, independence, and the unity and territorial integrity of the nation.

Acting president

The acting president of Moldova (Romanian: Președinte interimar al Republicii Moldova) is a person who fulfills the duties of the president of Moldova when cases of incapacity and vacancy occur. It is a temporary post provided by the Constitution of Moldova.

According to Article 91 of the Constitution of Moldova (1994):

When the office of the President of the Republic of Moldova becomes vacant or the President has been suspended from office, or finds himself in the temporary impossibility of discharging his duties, the responsibility of the office shall devolve ad interim on the President of Parliament or the Prime Minister, in that priority order.

Suspension from office

According to Article 89 of the Constitution of Moldova (1994):

  • (1) In the event where the president of the Republic of Moldova commits grave offenses infringing upon constitutional provisions, he or she may be suspended from office by Parliament if two-thirds of the members cast their vote in support of suspension.
  • (2) The motion requesting the suspension from office must be initiated by at least one third of the members, and it must be brought to the knowledge of the President without delay. The President may give explanations on the actions for which he or she is being censured before parliament.
  • (3) If the motion requesting suspension from office meets with approval, a national referendum shall be organized within 30 days for removing the President from office.

Vacancy

According to Article 90 of the Constitution of Moldova (1994):

  • (1) The office of the President of the Republic of Moldova may become vacant in consequence of expiry of the presidential mandate, resignation from office, removal from office, definite impossibility of executing his duties, or death.
  • (2) The request to remove the President of the Republic of Moldova from office will be brought forward in Parliament, which will pass a decision on that request.
  • (3) Within 3 months from the date when the presidential office was announced as vacant elections for a new President will be held in accordance with the law.

Symbols

Standard

The presidential standard (Stindardul Preşedintelui) consists of the Coat of Arms of Moldova in front of a purple background and a border composed of squares of 1/9 in the national colors of the republic. The regulations of the Standard of the President is approved by the decree of the President with the opinion of the National Heraldic Commission. The original of the Standard of the President is handed over to the President at the inauguration ceremony and is kept in their office. Duplicates and copies of the standard are displayed at the Presidential Palace or at other presidential residences while they are on these premises.[4]

Band and music

The official march of the presidency is the Marș de Întîmpinare «La Mulți ani» (Slow March «To many years»), which is used during the arrival of the president at special occasions, similarly to Hail to the Chief for the President of the United States.[5] The Presidential Band of the Republic of Moldova is the main military band of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Moldova and specifically serves the president during all functions of state. The band performs at welcome ceremonies of foreign officials on state visits, military parades, and the accreditation of ambassadors.[6][7]

Election

Between 1994 and 2000, the president had been elected by popular vote for a four-year term; if no candidate received a majority in the first round, a runoff took place between the top two finishers. In 2000, the law regarding the election of the President of Moldova stipulated that the president would be indirectly elected by the Parliament of Moldova to a four-year term; a candidate must win a supermajority of 61 votes to be elected. Presidents are limited to two terms.

Nevertheless, the Constitutional Court ruled on March 4, 2016, that the law adopted in 2000 was unconstitutional,[8] thus reverting the election method of the president to a two-round system direct election.

List of presidents of Moldova

Moldavian Democratic Republic (1917–1918)
Party

  Bessarabian Peasants' Party

№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party
1 Ion Inculeț
(1884–1940)		December 15 [O.S. December 2] 1917April 9 [O.S. March 27] 1918Bessarabian Peasants' Party

Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1991)

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet

First secretaries of the Moldavian Communist Party

Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
Party

  PCM

№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party
1 Mircea Snegur
(born 1940)		27 April 19903 September 1990Communist Party of Moldova

Republic of Moldova (1991–present)
Parties

  PDAM   PCRM   PL   PLDM   PDM   PSRM   Independent

Status
  Acting President
№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party Elected
1 Mircea Snegur
(born 1940)		 3 September 1990 15 January 1997 Independent 1991
2 Petru Lucinschi
(born 1940)		 15 January 1997 7 April 2001 Democratic Agrarian Party of Moldova 1996
3 Vladimir Voronin
(born 1941)		 7 April 2001 11 September 2009 Party of Communists 2001
(indirect)
2005
(indirect)
— Mihai Ghimpu
(born 1951)
Acting President		 11 September 2009 28 December 2010 Liberal Party
(Alliance for European Integration)		 —
— Vlad Filat
(born 1969)
Acting President		 28 December 2010 30 December 2010 Liberal Democratic Party
(Alliance for European Integration)		 —
— Marian Lupu
(born 1966)
Acting President		 30 December 2010 23 March 2012 Democratic Party
(Alliance for European Integration)		 —
4 Nicolae Timofti
(born 1948)		 23 March 2012 23 December 2016 Independent
(Alliance for European Integration)		 2011–12
(indirect)
5 Igor Dodon
(born 1975)		 23 December 2016 Incumbent
 independent 2016

Living former presidents

There are four living former Moldovan presidents:

Residence
Official residence on Stephen the Great Boulevard.

The Presidential Palace is located in the Buiucani sector of Chișinău. It was constructed between 1984 and 1987 to the design of architects A. Zalțman and V. Iavorski. The distinctive building was originally the meeting place of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR.

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See also

References
  1. Maxim, Pulber (20 March 2017). "Salariu de președinte: Cât primește Dodon de la stat - - Independent". Independent.md.
  2. ""I solemnly swear to devote all my personal strength and abilities to the prosperity of the Republic of Moldova, to abide by the Constitution and the laws of the country, to defend democracy, fundamental human rights and freedoms, the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Moldova"".
  3. Аппарат президента — Президентура Республики Молдова Archived 2014-11-29 at the Wayback Machine
  4. https://m.moldovenii.md/md/section/720/content/8781
  5. http://m.moldovenii.md/en/people/537/play-audio/id/4219
  6. "accompanies welcome ceremonies of foreign officials and delegations, participates at the accreditation ceremonies of ambassadors, military parades and other solemn events. The band performs within festivals, charity concerts, inauguration of monuments, military exercises, saluting, ceremonies on laying wreaths at monuments and tombs of the fallen soldiers".
  7. Moldovenii.md. "Orchestre - Orchestra Prezidențială a Republicii Moldova". m.moldovenii.md. Retrieved 2017-11-11.
  8. "DECIS: Şeful statului va fi ales de popor; Modificarea din 2000 a Constituţiei privind alegerea preşedintelui de Parlament, NECONSTITUŢIONALĂ". Jurnal.md (in Romanian). 4 March 2016.
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