Nonagonal number

A nonagonal number (or an enneagonal number) is a figurate number that extends the concept of triangular and square numbers to the nonagon (a nine-sided polygon).[1] However, unlike the triangular and square numbers, the patterns involved in the construction of nonagonal numbers are not rotationally symmetrical. Specifically, the nth nonagonal number counts the number of dots in a pattern of n nested nonagons, all sharing a common corner, where the ith nonagon in the pattern has sides made of i dots spaced one unit apart from each other. The nonagonal number for n is given by the formula[2]:

${\displaystyle {\frac {n(7n-5)}{2}}.}$

The first few nonagonal numbers are:

1, 9, 24, 46, 75, 111, 154, 204, 261, 325, 396, 474, 559, 651, 750, 856, 969, 1089, 1216, 1350, 1491, 1639, 1794, 1956, 2125, 2301, 2484, 2674, 2871, 3075, 3286, 3504, 3729, 3961, 4200, 4446, 4699, 4959, 5226, 5500, 5781, 6069, 6364, 6666, 6975, 7291, 7614, 7944, 8281, 8625, 8976, 9334, 9699. (sequence A001106 in the OEIS)

The parity of nonagonal numbers follows the pattern odd-odd-even-even.

Relationship between nonagonal and triangular numbers

Letting N(n) denote the n^th nonagonal number, and using the formula ${\displaystyle T(n)=n(n+1)/2}$ for the n^th triangular number,

${\displaystyle 7N(n)+3={\frac {7n(7n-5)}{2}}+3={\frac {49n^{2}-35n+6}{2}}={\frac {(7n-3)(7n-2)}{2}}=T(7n-3).}$

Test for nonagonal numbers

${\displaystyle {\mathsf {Let}}~x={\frac {{\sqrt {56n+25}}+5}{14}}.}$

If x is an integer, then n is the x-th nonagonal number. If x is not an integer, then n is not nonagonal.

See also

• Centered nonagonal number

References

1. Deza, Elena (2012). Figurate Numbers (1 ed.). World Scientific Publishing Co. p. 2. ISBN 9814355488.
2. "A001106". Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation, Inc. Retrieved 3 July 2020.