National Economic and Technological Development Zones

The National Economic and Technological Development Zones (simplified Chinese: 国家级经济技术开发区; traditional Chinese: 國家級經濟技術開發區; pinyin: Guójiājí Jīngjì Jìshù Kāifā Qū) are the special areas of the People's Republic of China where foreign direct investment is encouraged. They are usually called the "Economic and Technological Development Zones" or simply the "Development Zones".

National Economic and Technological Development Zones
Simplified Chinese国家级经济技术开发区
Traditional Chinese國家級經濟技術開發區

These national level programs started with the Special Economic Zones for three cities in 1978, as part of China's economic reform, and were extended to the Economic and Technological Development Zones in 14 cities in 1984.

There are also pros and cons on development on these economic zones, the pros are creating more job opportunities, increasing its economic growth (national GDP) and encourage on foreign direct investment. As a result, it was a success because China is currently one of the fastest growing countries and significantly influencing the global economy. From the past two decades, China has become an industrialized country because of the development of these economic zones. In which encourage foreign direct investments, where trading, exports of manufacture goods, became one of the main aspect of economic growth. On the other hand, it also made it reliant on these foreign investment, such as reliant on Hong Kong for these foreign investment, due to the reason that Hong Kong is a free trade market. Based on the case in Shenzhen, its problem with being one of the economic zones can be categorized in four category 1) Foreign exchange leakage,2) Cost ineffectiveness, 3) Failure to achieve state objectives and 4) Economic crimes and related social problems.

China has been among the top targets of global investment for more than two decades. In the new age of global recession, China keeps a stable growth rate, thanks to the inexpensive labor, stable government, preferable tax rate and government's support to foreign investment.

List of zones

In 2006, there are now 49 Development Zones (in the order of the list in the Chinese Wikipedia page, i.e. in the order of the approvals):

Provincial Economic Development Zones

There are now many Provincial Economic Development Zones, such as:

Some of them are as large as the National Economic and Technological Development Zones. There are also the Municipal-Level Economic Development Zones.

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See also

References
  1. 汉川市历史沿革 [Hanchuan City Historical Development]. XZQH.org.org. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 28 April 2018. 汉川市经济技术开发区7647人，
  2. 2016年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：汉川市 [2016 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Hanchuan City] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2018. 420984504000 汉川市经济技术开发区
  3. 城市概况 [City Description] (in Chinese). Jingzhou People's Government. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018. 荆州经济技术开发区
  4. http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/hb/37311.html
  5. 2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿克苏市 [2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Aksu City] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019. 统计用区划代码 名称 {...} 652901408000 经济技术开发区

Further reading
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